228-30887F

May 2005

SOLVENT DELIVERY MODULE

FOR SHIMADZU HIGH PERFORMANCE
LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPH

LC-20AT
INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Read the instruction manual thoroughly before you use the product.
Keep this instruction manual for future reference.
.

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 Introduction

Introduction

Read this manual thoroughly before using the instrument.

Thank you for purchasing this instrument. This manual describes: the
installation, operation, hardware validation, cautions for use, and details on the
accessories and options. Read the manual thoroughly before using the
instrument. Use the instrument in accordance with the manual’s instructions.
Keep this manual for future reference.

IMPORTANT • Do not use this instrument before fully understanding the contents of this
manual.
• Provide this documentation to the next user in the event that the instrument is
borrowed or sold.
• If this documentation or the warning labels on the instrument become lost or
damaged, promptly obtain replacements from your Shimadzu representative.
• To ensure safe operation, read the Safety Instructions before using the
instrument.

COPYRIGHT • Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Shimadzu Corporation. All rights reserved. This
publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part without written
permission from Shimadzu Corporation. Since Shimadzu products are
frequently upgraded and improved, information in this publication is subject to
change without notice. We appreciate notification of any errors or omissions.

LC-20AT I
Introduction

Warranty and After-Sales Service

Warranty 1. Validity
Please consult your Shimadzu representative for information about the extent
of the warranty.

2. Term
The manufacturer will provide free replacement parts for, or repair free of
charge, any instrument that fails during the warranty period, if the cause can
be attributed to a defect in manufacturing.

3. Items Not Covered by the Warranty

The warranty does not cover malfunctions that result from:
1) misuse;
2) repairs or modifications made by any company other than the
manufacturer or an approved company;
3) external factors;
4) operation under severe conditions such as environments, with high
temperature, high humidity, corrosive gas, vibration, etc.;
5) fire, earthquake or other forces of nature;
6) moving or transporting the instrument after its initial installation;
7) the consumption of items or parts that can be regarded as consumable.
(For example, the service life of an LCD display panel depends on the
actual operating conditions.)

After-Sales Service If any problem occurs with this instrument, inspect it and take appropriate
corrective action as described in the Section "6 Troubleshooting". If the
problem persists, or symptoms not covered in the Troubleshooting section
occur, contact your Shimadzu representative.

II LC-20AT
 Warranty and After-Sales Service

Replacement Parts Replacement parts for this instrument will be available for a period of seven
(7) years after the discontinuation of the product. Thereafter, such parts may
Availability
cease to be available. Note, however, that the availability of parts not
manufactured by Shimadzu shall be determined by the relevant
manufacturers.

Hardware Validation Each LC component and the entire LC system should be checked
periodically to ensure that they function normally, or the analysis data may
not be reliable. To this end, it is necessary to carry out periodic hardware
validation and keep records of the validation. There are two types of
hardware validation - component validation and system validation. The
purpose of component validation is to check that the individual components of
the system function normally, while the system validation checks that the
system as a whole (the several components in combination) functions
normally.
Before shipment from the factory, this instrument was rigorously inspected.
The results are summarized in the Inspection Certificate accompanying the
instrument. To inspect the instrument performance after installation, repeat
the Hardware Validation as described in "7 Hardware Validation".
"7 Hardware Validation" P. 7-1

Hardware Validation This is a contract under which a qualified Shimadzu-approved engineer

performs periodic component and system validation, and provides reports of
Contract
the results. Details of the contract can be obtained from your Shimadzu
representative.

LC-20AT III
Introduction

Safety Instructions
• To ensure safe operation of the instrument, read these Safety Instructions carefully before use.
• Observe all of the WARNINGS and CAUTIONS described in this section. They are extremely important for
safety.
• In this manual, warnings and cautions are indicated using the following conventions;

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not

WARNING avoided, could result in moderate to serious injury or
possibly death.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not

CAUTION avoided, may result in minor injury or equipment damage.

NOTE
Emphasizes additional information that is provided to ensure
the proper use of this instrument.

Application Precautions

WARNING
This instrument is a solvent delivery module for use with a high performance liquid
chromatography system.
Use this instrument ONLY for the intended purpose.
Using this instrument for any other purpose could cause accidents.

IV LC-20AT
 Safety Instructions

Installation Site Precautions

WARNING
• The solvents used in high performance liquid
chromatograph are flammable and toxic. The room
where the instrument is installed should be well
ventilated; otherwise, solvent vapors could cause
poisoning or ignite and cause a fire.

• High performance liquid chromatograph uses large

amounts of flammable organic solvents. Use of open
flame in the vicinity of this instrument must be
strictly prohibited. Do not install the instrument in
the same room with any other equipment that emits
or could potentially emit sparks, since sparks could
cause a fire.
Provide fire extinguishers for use in case of fire.

• Provide protective equipment near the instrument.

If solvent gets into the eyes or on the skin, it must be flushed
away immediately. Provide equipment, such as eye wash
stations and safety showers, as close to the instrument as
possible.

CAUTION
• The weight of this instrument is 11kg.
During installation, consider the entire weight combined
with other LC components.
The lab table on which this instrument is installed should be strong
enough to support the total weight of the LC system. It should be
level, stable and have depth of at least 600mm.
Otherwise, the instrument could tip over or fall off the table.

At least
• Avoid installation sites that are exposed to corrosive 600mm
gases or excessive dust.
These adverse conditions may be detrimental to maintaining the
instrument performance and may shorten its service life.

LC-20AT V
Introduction

Installation Precautions

WARNING
• Take measures to prevent the instrument from falling
in the event of an earthquake or other disaster.
Strong vibrations could cause the instrument to fall over,
resulting in injury.

• The power supply voltages and power consumptions

of this instrument are listed below. The power supply
voltage of the instrument is indicated on the label on
the back of the instrument. Connect the instrument
only to a power supply of the voltage indicated;
otherwise, fire or electric shock could result. Check that the
power supply voltage is stable and that its current capacity is
sufficient to operate all the components of the system. If not, the
instrument will not operate at its rated performance.
Power Supply Voltage Power
Part No. Frequency
(indicated on the instrument) Consumption
228-45001-31 AC100-120V (100-120V∼) 150VA 50/60Hz
228-45001-32 AC100-120V (100-120V∼) 150VA 50/60Hz
228-45001-38 AC220-240V (220-240V∼) 150VA 50/60Hz

• Ground the instrument.

Grounding is necessary to prevent electric shock in the
event of an accident or electrical discharge, and
important for ensuring stable operation.

• Do not place heavy objects on the power cord,

and keep any hot items away.
The cord could be damaged, resulting in fire, electrical
shock or malfunction. If the cord becomes damaged,
contact your Shimadzu representative immediately.

• Do not modify the cord in any way. Do not bend

it excessively or pull on it.
The cord could be damaged, resulting in fire, electrical
shock or malfunction. If the cord becomes damaged,
contact your Shimadzu representative immediately.

VI LC-20AT
 Safety Instructions

CAUTION
• When installing the instrument, be careful not to pinch
your fingers between the system components, as this
could result in injury.

• When opening the doors, be careful not to pinch your

fingers as this could result in injury.

Operation Precautions

WARNING
• Take thorough measures to prevent buildup of
static electricity.
"Static Electricity Precautions" P.IX
Static electricity could result in fires or explosions.

• Always wear protective gloves and protective

goggles when handling solvents and samples.
If solvent gets into the eyes, blindness could result.
Should solvent get into the eyes, flush immediately with
large amounts of water and get medical attention.

• Always wear protective gloves when handling

any toxic or biologically infectious samples.

• Never use a cracked reservoir bottle.

If a helium degasser is used, pressure is exerted on the
reservoir bottles and may cause cracks in the bottles.
It could break the reservoir bottles and cause injury.

• Do not use flammable sprays (hair sprays,

insecticide sprays, etc.) near the instrument.
They could ignite and cause a fire.

LC-20AT VII
Introduction

Precautions for Instrument Inspection, Maintenance, Adjustment and Care

WARNING
• Unplug the instrument before inspection, maintenance, or
parts replacement.
Otherwise, electrical shock or short-circuit accidents could occur.

• Never remove the main cover.

This may cause injury or malfunction of the instrument.
The main cover does not need to be removed for routine
maintenance, inspection and adjustment. Have your Shimadzu
representative perform any repairs requiring removal of the main
cover.

• Replace fuses only with fuses of the proper type and

capacity.
Any other fuses could cause a fire.

• If the power cord plug gets dusty, remove the plug from
the power outlet and wipe away the dust with a dry cloth.
If dust is allowed to accumulate, fire could result.

• Replacement parts must be of the specifications given in

"1.3 Component Parts" or "9.3 Maintenance Parts".
Use of any other parts may result in instrument damage and
malfunction.

• If any water gets onto the instrument, wipe it away

immediately to prevent rust. Never use alcohol or thinner
solvents for cleaning the instrument.
They could cause discoloration.

• Dispose of the waste liquid properly and in accordance

with the instruction by your administrative department.

VIII LC-20AT
 Static Electricity Precautions

Static Electricity Precautions

Liquid chromatograph (LC) uses flammable organic solvent(s) as the mobile phase. LC systems are also
often used where large amount of flammable substances are present. Thus, an accident can produce large
scale damage. Operators must be constantly on guard against accidents involving fire or explosion.

The major cause of these accidents is static electricity. Devising preventative measures for static can be
difficult, because the symptoms before an accident vary and can be hard to detect, since such accidents
occur as a result of several simultaneous coincidences. Recommended methods for preventing static
electricity accidents are provided below. Take thorough safety measures based on this information.

Typical Cause of Static Electricity Accidents

Static electricity accidents are generally caused by this sequence of events:

When liquid is passed through thin tubing at high flow rates, as in liquid
Generation of static electricity chromatograph, the electrostatic charges of the flowing matter generate
static electricity.
Generation of Static Electricity by a Liquid Flowing over a Solid
Flowing liquid A: Charges move with
flow of liquid.

B: Immobile charges,
fixed to surface of
solid.
Solid

Accumulation of static electricity If electrostatically charged liquid is allowed to accumulate in an electrically

insulated container, the charge will gradually increase, and can eventually
reach several thousand volts. If this happens and an electrical conductor
is brought within a certain distance of the container, electrical discharge
Release of energy through will occur, releasing thermal energy which will ignite any flammable gas of
electrical discharge sufficient density in the vicinity.
Potential accident situation Liquid flowing through thin
tubing at high rate.
∗ Air bubbles in liquid facilitate
Ignition of flammable substances generation of static electricity.

Insulated container of
spark polyethylene, etc.

Flammable gas present in

Dry air
container.

spark Flammable organic solvent with

large electrostatic charge.

Floor covered with rubber, etc.,

cannot conduct electricity away.

LC-20AT IX
Introduction

Preventing Static Electricity Accidents

The best way to prevent static electricity accidents is simply to prevent the occurrence and accumulation of
electrostatic charges.

CAUTION
• It is important to take multiple preventive measures simultaneously.
• If large amounts of flammable solvents are collected in a large container, implement
preventative measures 1, 2, and 3 below.

Preventive Measure 1
Use a metal container for the waste liquid, and ground the container.
This will ensure that the electrical charges of the container and liquid pass to the ground.

Accessories for this measure

(1) Grounding wire with clip Part No. 228-21353-91
(2) 18 Liter metal container Part No. 038-00044
(3) 4 Liter metal container Part No. 038-00043-01

CAUTION
• Be sure to ground the metal waste container properly.
If the grounding wire is not properly attached or connected to the ground, static electricity can build up
in the container.

• Some metal containers have surfaces that are laminated or oxidized, and therefore do
not conduct electricity. After grounding the metal container, use a tester to verify that
electricity is conducted to the ground.

• If the liquid to be drained into the waste container is virtually non-conductive

(10-10 S/m or less), it will be necessary to add properly conductive, and therefore safe,
liquid to the tank.
This conductive liquid may be added beforehand.

Preventive Measures for Static

Connect clip to metal parts.

Connect to ground terminal or

Reduce the opening other grounding point of the
with a cap. instrument to ground metal
container.

18 Liter metal can

(preferably plated)

Liquid's static will be conducted

through container to ground.

X LC-20AT
 Static Electricity Precautions

Preventive Measure 2
Cover the spaces between the tubing and the sides of the inlet and outlet openings of the waste container
with caps or other protective covering. This will prevent any sparks generated outside the container from
getting inside.

Accessories for this measure

Caps for 18 liter or 4 liter containers (with three 3mm diameter openings)
Part No. 228-21354-91

Preventive Measure 3
Keep electrostatically charged objects, including the human body, away from the waste liquid container.
To prevent electrostatic charging of the human body, take the following precautions:

• Wear anti-static clothing and shoes.

• Ground the human body with anti-static wrist straps. (For safety, the wrist strap should be connected to
the ground using an intervening resistor of about 1MΩ.)
• Spread anti-static matting or the like on the floor, to make the floor conductive.

CAUTION
• Persons who have not taken anti-static precautions should touch some grounded
metal object before coming near the waste liquid container, in order to drain static
charges.

Preventive Measure 4
Use tubing with an inner diameter of at least 2mm for drain lines with high flow rates.

CAUTION
• Periodically check the tubing connections for leaks.
Air bubbles in liquid can multiply the electrostatic charge by a factor of 20, 30 or more.

LC-20AT XI
Introduction

Preventive Measure 5
If it is not possible to use a conductive waste liquid container, take the following precautions:
• Ensure that the end of the inflow tubing is always submerged inside the container. Also, place some
type of grounded metal object, such as a ground wire connected to the instrument, into the liquid.

CAUTION
The above precaution will be ineffective for low conductivity (less than 10-10 S/m) liquids.
• Use as small a container as possible to minimize damage in the event of fire.
• Keep the room at a proper humidity.
Ambient humidity exceeding 65% will prevent static.

For Reference
Anti-static equipment (anti-static clothing, shoes and matting) and charge measurement equipment
(potentiometer) are sold by specialty manufacturers.

XII LC-20AT
 Precautions for Mobile Phase Selection and Use

Precautions for Mobile Phase Selection and

Use

CAUTION
• If PEEK resin parts are used in the plumbing, do not use the following mobile phases.
These mobile phases weaken the PEEK resin, which could result in cracked plumbing
and mobile phase leaks.
Concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, dichloroacetic acid, acetone,
tetrahydrofuran (THF), dichloromethane, chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Note: Briefly using a weak solution of less than 0.5% acetone in water (e.g. in order to check gradient
performance) will present no problems.

NOTE

• Use only HPLC grade or comparable mobile phase, and filter it with a filter of 0.45µm mesh or finer
before use to remove particulates and foreign matter.

• Halogen ions can corrode the stainless steel material (SUS316L) used in the plumbing, so avoid, as
much as possible, mobile phases that contain halogen ions - such as KCI, NaCI and NH4CI - or mobile
phases that generate halogen ions in certain reactions. If such mobile phases must be used, clean all
flow lines thoroughly with distilled water immediately after analysis.

• When SPD or a similar UV detector is used for high-sensitivity analysis, be sure to use HPLC grade
mobile phases that have a low absorptivity of UV rays.

• Always degas the mobile phase, as air bubbles may tend to form during solvent mixing or during
temperature or pressure changes. Air bubbles may cause pump malfunctions and detector signal
noise.

• For boiling points, viscosities and other data relating to the mobile phases used,
"9.5 Mobile Phase Characteristics" P. 9-47

LC-20AT XIII
Introduction

Warning Labels
For safety operation, warning labels are affixed to where special attention is required.
Should any of these labels peel off or be damaged, obtain replacements from Shimadzu Corporation.

Warning label (Part No. 228-42603)

XIV LC-20AT
 Contents

Introduction ......................................................................................................................I
Warranty and After-Sales Service ..................................................................................II
Safety Instructions ........................................................................................................ IV
Application Precautions .............................................................................................. IV
Installation Site Precautions ......................................................................................... V
Installation Precautions ............................................................................................... VI
Operation Precautions ............................................................................................... VII
Precautions for Instrument Inspection, Maintenance, Adjustment and Care ............ VIII
Static Electricity Precautions ........................................................................................ IX
Typical Cause of Static Electricity Accidents .............................................................. IX
Preventing Static Electricity Accidents ......................................................................... X
Precautions for Mobile Phase Selection and Use ...................................................... XIII
Warning Labels ........................................................................................................... XIV

Chapter 1 Configuration
1.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................1-2
1.2 Features ...........................................................................................................1-2

1.3 Component Parts .............................................................................................1-3

Accessory Pack ........................................................................................................ 1-4

1.4 Optional Parts ...................................................................................................1-5

Chapter 2 Parts Identification and Function

2.1 Front Cover ......................................................................................................2-2

2.2 Behind Front Cover ..........................................................................................2-3

2.3 Right Side and Base Panel ..............................................................................2-4

2.4 Back .................................................................................................................2-5

2.5 Names and Functions of Displays and Keypad ................................................2-6

2.5.1 Display Panel .................................................................................................. 2-6
2.5.2 Keypad ............................................................................................................ 2-7

LC-20AT Contents-1
Contents

Chapter 3 Preparation
3.1 Turning Power ON/OFF ...................................................................................3-2

3.2 Preparation before Operation ...........................................................................3-3

3.3 Checking Pressure Value .................................................................................3-5

Chapter 4 Basic Operation

4.1 Setting Parameters ..........................................................................................4-2
4.1.1 Prior to Key Operation ..................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.2 Setting Flow Rate ............................................................................................ 4-3
4.1.3 Setting Maximum Pressure Limit .................................................................... 4-4
Setting Procedure ......................................................................................................4-4
4.1.4 Setting Minimum Pressure Limit ..................................................................... 4-5
Setting Procedure ......................................................................................................4-5

4.2 Operation .........................................................................................................4-6

4.2.1 Operation in Constant Flow Delivery Mode ..................................................... 4-6
4.2.2 Operation in Constant Pressure Delivery Mode .............................................. 4-7

4.3 High-Pressure Gradient Mode .........................................................................4-9

4.3.1 Preparatory Settings ....................................................................................... 4-9
4.3.2 Setting Initial Conditions ................................................................................ 4-10
4.3.3 Operation in High-Pressure Gradient Mode .................................................. 4-10
Operation of Pump B ...............................................................................................4-10

4.4 Low-Pressure Gradient Mode ........................................................................4-11

4.4.1 Preparatory Setting ....................................................................................... 4-11
4.4.2 Initial Operation ............................................................................................. 4-12
4.4.3 Operation in Low-Pressure Gradient Mode ................................................... 4-13
Select of Low-Pressure Gradient Mode ...................................................................4-13

4.5 Plunger Rinsing When Buffer Solution is Used as Mobile Phase ..................4-14
4.5.1 Connecting the Plumbing .............................................................................. 4-14
4.5.2 Rinsing .......................................................................................................... 4-15

4.6 Replacing the Mobile Phase ..........................................................................4-16

4.6.1 When New Mobile Phase is Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase ................. 4-16
4.6.2 When New Mobile Phase is not Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase ........... 4-18
4.6.3 When Buffer Solution is used as Mobile Phase ............................................ 4-18
4.6.4 Rinse When Buffer Solution is used .............................................................. 4-18

Contents-2 LC-20AT
 Contents

Chapter 5 Application Operation

5.1 Display Panel ...................................................................................................5-2
5.1.1 Types of Screens ............................................................................................ 5-2
5.1.2 Basic Setting Screen and Auxiliary Function Setting Screen .......................... 5-3
5.1.3 VP Function Screen ........................................................................................ 5-8

5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions ....................................................................5-12

5.2.1 List of Auxiliary Functions ............................................................................. 5-12
Parameter Settings Group ...................................................................................... 5-12
File Operation Group .............................................................................................. 5-12
Control Settings Group ........................................................................................... 5-13
System Settings Group ........................................................................................... 5-13
Monitor Settings Group ........................................................................................... 5-13
5.2.2 Showing the Auxiliary Function Screen ......................................................... 5-14
5.2.3 Parameter Settings Group ............................................................................ 5-15
Setting Solenoid Valve Position [SV] ...................................................................... 5-15
Setting EVENT Output Terminals [EVENT] ............................................................ 5-16
Setting Fine Adjustment of Compressibility Compensation [COMP] ...................... 5-16
Setting Low-Pressure Gradient Mode [LPGE MODE] ............................................ 5-17
Setting Purge Time [P-TIMER] ............................................................................... 5-17
Setting Purge Flow Rate [P-FLOW] ........................................................................ 5-17
Setting Maximum Pressure Limit during Purging [P-PMAX] ................................... 5-18
5.2.4 File Operation Group ..................................................................................... 5-19
File Number [FILE NUM] ......................................................................................... 5-19
Copying a File [FILE CPY] ...................................................................................... 5-19
Deleting a Time Program [FILE DEL] ..................................................................... 5-19
5.2.5 Control Settings Group .................................................................................. 5-20
Plunger Set [P-SET] ................................................................................................ 5-20
Zero Adjustment of Pressure Sensor [ZERO ADJ] ................................................. 5-20
Switching Solvent Delivery Mode [MODE CHANG] ................................................ 5-20
5.2.6 System Settings Group ................................................................................. 5-21
Selecting Local/Remote Mode [LOCAL] ................................................................. 5-21
Setting Link Address [ADRS] .................................................................................. 5-21
Disables Key Entry [KEY CLOSE] .......................................................................... 5-21
Setting Brightness of Display Screen [BRIGHT] ..................................................... 5-22
External Signal Functions for EVENT Output Terminals [EXT-S] ........................... 5-22
Setting System Control Parameter [SYS] ............................................................... 5-22
Setting System Protection [S-PROT] ...................................................................... 5-23
Selecting Flow Channel Valve Type [FCV TYPE] ................................................... 5-23
Selecting a Unit of Pressure [PRS-UNIT] ............................................................... 5-23
Setting Pressure Recorder Range [RANGE] .......................................................... 5-23
Switching Remote Connector internal/external [CBM LINK] ................................... 5-24

LC-20AT Contents-3
Contents

Setting Operation of Buzzer [BEEP MODE] ............................................................5-24

5.2.7 Monitor Settings Group ................................................................................. 5-24
Monitoring Program Elapsed Time [MON TIME] .....................................................5-24
Monitoring Flow Rate in Constant Pressure Solvent Delivery Mode [MON FLOW] 5-25
Monitoring ID for Remote Control [MON ID] ............................................................5-25
Monitoring Flow Line of Solenoid Valve Unit [MON SV] ..........................................5-26
Monitoring Pump Revolution Counter [MON REV] ..................................................5-26
Monitoring Vacuum Pressure in Degasser Unit [DEGAS PRS] ...............................5-26

5.3 VP Functions ..................................................................................................5-27

5.3.1 List of VP Functions ...................................................................................... 5-27
Mobile Phase Monitor Group ......................................................................... 5-27
Product Information Group ............................................................................ 5-27
Maintenance Information Group ..................................................................... 5-28
Validation Support Group .............................................................................. 5-28
Calibration Support Group ............................................................................. 5-29
5.3.2 Displaying the VP Functions ......................................................................... 5-30
5.3.3 Mobile Phase Monitor Group ........................................................................ 5-31
Showing/Setting Mobile Phase Volume [MOBILE PHASE] .....................................5-31
Setting Alarm Level of Remaining Mobile Phase [ALARM LEVEL] .........................5-31
5.3.4 Product Information Group ............................................................................ 5-32
Showing Serial Number [SERIAL NUMBER] ..........................................................5-32
Showing S/W Version No. [S/W ID] .........................................................................5-32
5.3.5 Maintenance Information Group .................................................................... 5-32
Showing Total Operating Time [TOTAL OP TIME] ..................................................5-32
Showing Timing to Replace Left Plunger Seal [L SEAL DELIVERED] ....................5-33
Showing Timing to Replace Right Plunger Seal [R SEAL DELIVERED] .................5-33
Entering Replaced Part No. [PART REPLACEMENT] ............................................5-33
Showing Maintenance Log [MAINTENANCE LOG] ................................................5-33
Showing Error Log [ERROR LOG] ..........................................................................5-34
Showing Operation Log [OPERATION LOG] ..........................................................5-34
5.3.6 Validation Support Group .............................................................................. 5-35
Entering Date [DATE] ..............................................................................................5-35
Entering Time [TIME] ...............................................................................................5-35
Checking Memory [MEMORY CHECK] ...................................................................5-36
Checking Pulsation [PULSE CHECK] .....................................................................5-36
Checking Flow Rate [FLOW CHECK] .....................................................................5-37
Setting Time Program to Check Concentration Accuracy of Gradient Mode
[GE TEST PROGRAM] ............................................................................................5-37
Checking Leakage [LEAKAGE TEST] .....................................................................5-37
Checking Leak Sensor [LEAK SENSOR TEST] ......................................................5-38
5.3.7 Calibration Support Group ............................................................................ 5-39
Inputting Password [Input PASSWORD] .................................................................5-39
Setting Flow Rate Compensation Parameter (ALPHA) [FLOW COMP FACT] .......5-39

Contents-4 LC-20AT
 Contents

Setting Pressure Sensor Sensitivity Compensation Factor [PRESS COMP FACT] 5-39
Setting Operation Level of Leak Sensor [LEAK THR] ............................................. 5-40
Setting Timing to replace Plunger Seal [SEAL REPLACEMENT] .......................... 5-40
Selecting Operation Mode [OP MODE] .................................................................. 5-40
Initializing Parameters [INITIALIZE PARAM] .......................................................... 5-40
Changing Passwords [CHANGE PASSWORD] ...................................................... 5-41
Showing/Setting CBM Parameter [CBM PARAMETER] ......................................... 5-41

5.4 Creating Time Program ..................................................................................5-45

5.4.1 Time Program Command .............................................................................. 5-45
5.4.2 Description of Time Program Screen ............................................................ 5-46
5.4.3 Time Program Creating Flow ........................................................................ 5-47
5.4.4 Creating Time Program ................................................................................. 5-48
Step 1 ...................................................................................................................... 5-48
Step 2 ...................................................................................................................... 5-49
Step 3 ...................................................................................................................... 5-49
5.4.5 Creating High-Pressure Gradient Programs ................................................. 5-51
Example of Setting [BCNC] ..................................................................................... 5-51
5.4.6 Creating Low-Pressure Gradient Programs .................................................. 5-52
Example of Setting [BCNC] ..................................................................................... 5-52
5.4.7 Deleting Steps ............................................................................................... 5-52
5.4.8 Starting and Stopping a Time Program ......................................................... 5-53
Starting a Time Program ......................................................................................... 5-53
Stopping a Time Program ....................................................................................... 5-53
5.4.9 Commands Used Only For Time Program .................................................... 5-53
Setting Stop Command of Time Program [STOP] .................................................. 5-53
Setting Loop Count of Time Program [LOOP] ........................................................ 5-54
Switching File [GOTO] ............................................................................................ 5-54

5.5 Control by CBM-20A or CBM-20Alite System Controller ...............................5-56

5.5.1 Preparation .................................................................................................... 5-56
5.5.2 Basic Parameters .......................................................................................... 5-56

5.6 Control by SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A System Controller .................................5-57

5.6.1 Preparation .................................................................................................... 5-57
5.6.2 Basic Parameters .......................................................................................... 5-57
5.6.3 Attention ........................................................................................................ 5-57

5.7 Connection to External Input/Output Terminals .............................................5-58

5.7.1 External Input/Output Terminals ................................................................... 5-58
5.7.2 Connection of Event Cable ........................................................................... 5-59

LC-20AT Contents-5
Contents

Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
6.1 Troubleshooting and Corrective Action ............................................................6-2

6.2 Error Message ..................................................................................................6-5

Chapter 7 Hardware Validation

7.1 Overview of Hardware Validation .....................................................................7-2
7.1.1 Hardware Validation ........................................................................................ 7-2
7.1.2 Types of Hardware Validation ......................................................................... 7-2

7.2 Implementation of Hardware Validation ...........................................................7-3

7.2.1 Periodic Validation .......................................................................................... 7-3
7.2.2 Daily Inspection ............................................................................................... 7-3
7.2.3 Validation After Maintenance .......................................................................... 7-3

7.3 Validation Precautions .....................................................................................7-4

7.3.1 Environment .................................................................................................... 7-4
7.3.2 Installation Site ................................................................................................ 7-4

7.4 Equipment Required for Validation ..................................................................7-5

Testing Equipment ....................................................................................................7-5
Standard Reagents for Validation ..............................................................................7-6
Hardware Testing Supplies .......................................................................................7-6

7.5 Validation: Pump .............................................................................................7-7

7.5.1 Check Terms ................................................................................................... 7-7
7.5.2 ROM, RAM Self Diagnosis .............................................................................. 7-7
Objective ...................................................................................................................7-7
Check Procedure .......................................................................................................7-7
7.5.3 Firmware Version Check ................................................................................. 7-8
Objective ...................................................................................................................7-8
Check Procedure .......................................................................................................7-8
7.5.4 Display, LED Test ........................................................................................... 7-8
Objective ...................................................................................................................7-8
Check Procedure .......................................................................................................7-8
7.5.5 Flow Rate’s Control Parameter ....................................................................... 7-9
Objective ...................................................................................................................7-9
Check Procedure .......................................................................................................7-9
7.5.6 Pumping Stability Test .................................................................................. 7-10
Objective .................................................................................................................7-10
Items Required for Check ........................................................................................7-10

Contents-6 LC-20AT
 Contents

Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-10

Resetting after Check ............................................................................................. 7-11
7.5.7 Pressure Limiter Test .................................................................................... 7-12
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-12
Items Required for Check ....................................................................................... 7-12
Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-12
7.5.8 Leak Sensor Test .......................................................................................... 7-14
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-14
Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-14
7.5.9 Flow Rate Accuracy Test .............................................................................. 7-15
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-15
Items Required for Check ....................................................................................... 7-15
Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-15
Resetting after Check ............................................................................................. 7-18
7.5.10 Solenoid Valve Test ...................................................................................... 7-18
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-18
Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-18

7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System (For Gradient System) ............................7-20

7.6.1 Gradient Concentration Accuracy Test for High-Pressure Gradient System 7-20
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-20
Items Required for Check ....................................................................................... 7-20
Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-20
7.6.2 Gradient Concentration Accuracy Test for Low-Pressure Gradient System . 7-24
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-24
Items Required for Check ....................................................................................... 7-24
Check Procedure .................................................................................................... 7-24

7.7 System Validation ...........................................................................................7-28

7.7.1 Validation of Isocratic LC system .................................................................. 7-28
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-28
Items Required for Validation .................................................................................. 7-28
Checking and Preparing the LC system ................................................................. 7-29
Validation Procedure ............................................................................................... 7-30
Parameter Settings for Isocratic System Validation ................................................ 7-31
7.7.2 Validation of Gradient LC System ................................................................. 7-32
Objective ................................................................................................................. 7-32
Items Required for Validation .................................................................................. 7-32
Checking and Preparing the LC System ................................................................. 7-32
Validation Procedure ............................................................................................... 7-33
Parameter Settings for Gradient System Validation ............................................... 7-35

7.8 If Validation Fails ............................................................................................7-36

LC-20AT Contents-7
Contents

Chapter 8 Maintenance
8.1 Periodic Inspection and Maintenance ..............................................................8-2
8.1.1 Prior to Inspection and Maintenance ............................................................... 8-2
8.1.2 List of Periodic Inspection and Maintenance ................................................... 8-3
8.1.3 Check after Inspection and Maintenance ........................................................ 8-4

8.2 Replacement of Plunger Seal ..........................................................................8-5

8.2.1 Before Removing Pump Head ........................................................................ 8-5
8.2.2 Removing Pump Head .................................................................................... 8-6
8.2.3 Replacing Plunger Seal ................................................................................... 8-7
8.2.4 Installing Pump Head ...................................................................................... 8-9
8.2.5 Check after Replacement .............................................................................. 8-10

8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement) of Plungers .....................................8-11

8.3.1 Removing Pump Head and Seal Holder ASSY ............................................. 8-11
When the Seal Holder ASSY is difficult to remove ..................................................8-12
8.3.2 Cleaning and Inspecting (Replacing) of Plungers ......................................... 8-13
8.3.3 Re-Installing after Inspection ......................................................................... 8-14

8.4 Replacement of Rinse Flow Line Seal ...........................................................8-16

8.4.1 Removing Pump Head and Seal Holder ASSY ............................................. 8-16
8.4.2 Replacing Rinse Flow Line Seal ................................................................... 8-16
8.4.3 Re-Installing after Replacement .................................................................... 8-17

8.5 Cleaning of Check Valves ..............................................................................8-18

8.6 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Check Valves ....8-19

8.7 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Line Filter ..........8-22
Replacing Frit ..........................................................................................................8-23

8.8 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Suction Filter .....8-24

8.9 Replacement of Drain Valve ASSY ................................................................8-25

8.10 Replacement of Fuse .....................................................................................8-27

8.11 Wiping of Leak Tray .......................................................................................8-28

8.12 Exterior Cleaning ............................................................................................8-29

Contents-8 LC-20AT
 Contents

Chapter 9 Technical Information

9.1 Installation ........................................................................................................9-2
9.1.1 Installation Site ................................................................................................ 9-2
Suitable Sites and Preparation ................................................................................. 9-2
Required Installation Space ...................................................................................... 9-3
9.1.2 Installation ....................................................................................................... 9-4
Remove the Shipping Screws ................................................................................... 9-4
Installation ................................................................................................................. 9-4
Stacking Brackets ..................................................................................................... 9-4
9.1.3 Power Supply Connection ............................................................................... 9-5
Connection to Power Outlet ...................................................................................... 9-5
Grounding ................................................................................................................. 9-6
9.1.4 Prior to Plumbing ............................................................................................. 9-6
Types of Tubings and Connectors ............................................................................ 9-6
Cutting Tubings ......................................................................................................... 9-6
Connecting Tubings .................................................................................................. 9-8
Protective Plugs ........................................................................................................ 9-9
9.1.5 Plumbing ....................................................................................................... 9-10
Reservoir and Waste Container Preparation .......................................................... 9-11
Front Cover Removal .............................................................................................. 9-11
Suction Filter (Accessory) Installation ..................................................................... 9-12
Drain Tubing (Accessory) Installation ..................................................................... 9-13
Connecting Leakage Drain Tubing ......................................................................... 9-14
Front Cover Installation ........................................................................................... 9-18
9.1.6 Installation of Manual Injector and Column ................................................... 9-18
Installation of Manual Injector ................................................................................. 9-18
Installation of Column Holder .................................................................................. 9-20
9.1.7 Flow Line Plumbing ....................................................................................... 9-20
Manual Injector Plumbing ....................................................................................... 9-20
Plumbing between Pump Unit and Manual Injector ................................................ 9-21
Plumbing between Manual Injector and Column .................................................... 9-22
Plumbing between Column and Detector ............................................................... 9-23
9.1.8 Installation and Plumbing of Mixer (Option) .................................................. 9-24
Preparation of Mixer ................................................................................................ 9-24
Mounting the Mixer on the Instrument .................................................................... 9-25
Mixer Plumbing (in Low-Pressure Gradient System) .............................................. 9-26
Mixer Plumbing (in High-Pressure Gradient System) ............................................. 9-28
Mixer Cover Installation .......................................................................................... 9-29
9.1.9 Wiring ............................................................................................................ 9-30
Connectors .............................................................................................................. 9-30
Connecting the Optical Cable ................................................................................. 9-31
Connection to System Controller ............................................................................ 9-32

LC-20AT Contents-9
Contents

Connection to System Controller (in case of the installed CBM-20Alite) .................9-33

Connection of Twin Pump Units ..............................................................................9-34
Connection of [DGU/SOL.V] Connector ..................................................................9-35
Connection of [PUMP PRESS] Connector ..............................................................9-36
Connection of [DGU PRESS] Connector .................................................................9-36
9.1.10 Installation of Automatic Rinsing Pump (Optional) ........................................ 9-37
For a Single Pump Unit ...........................................................................................9-37
For Twin Pump Units ...............................................................................................9-38

9.2 Specifications .................................................................................................9-39

9.2.1 LC-20AT Pump Unit ...................................................................................... 9-39
9.2.2 High-Pressure Gradient System ................................................................... 9-40
High-Pressure Gradient System controlled by System Controller (CBM-20A) ........9-40
High-Pressure Gradient System controlled by Pump Unit (LC-20AT) .....................9-40
9.2.3 Low-Pressure Gradient System .................................................................... 9-41
Low-Pressure Gradient System controlled by System Controller (CBM-20A) .........9-41
Low-Pressure Gradient System controlled by Pump Unit (LC-20AT) ......................9-41

9.3 Maintenance Parts .........................................................................................9-42

9.3.1 Consumable Parts ......................................................................................... 9-42
9.3.2 Replacement Parts ....................................................................................... 9-42
Mechanical Parts .....................................................................................................9-42
Electrical Parts .........................................................................................................9-43
9.3.3 Maintenance Kit ............................................................................................ 9-43

9.4 Introduction to HPLC System .........................................................................9-44

9.4.1 Example of a Simple (Isocratic) System ....................................................... 9-44
Solvent Flow ............................................................................................................9-44
Function of Components .........................................................................................9-44
9.4.2 Example of Autosampler System (1) ............................................................. 9-45
Solvent Flow ............................................................................................................9-45
Function of Components .........................................................................................9-45
9.4.3 Example of Autosampler System (2) ............................................................. 9-46
Solvent Flow ............................................................................................................9-46
Function of Components .........................................................................................9-46

9.5 Mobile Phase Characteristics .........................................................................9-47

Index

Contents-10 LC-20AT
 1 Configuration
1
Contents

1.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 1-2

1.2 Features ........................................................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Component Parts ............................................................................................. 1-3
1.4 Optional Parts .................................................................................................. 1-5
1. Configuration

1.1 Overview
LC-20AT (hereinafter referred to as the instrument) is a dual-plunger tandem-flow solvent delivery module. It
offers improved accuracy and sensitivity in high-performance liquid chromatograph. In addition to the
instrument, a high performance liquid chromatograph system requires an autosampler, column oven, detector
and system controller at a minimum, which should be purchased separately. Consult your Shimadzu
representative regarding the components required for your system.

1.2 Features
• Stable Delivery with Low Flow Pulsation
The unique method used to drive the dual reciprocating plungers provides stable delivery with low flow
pulsation.

• Choice of Gradient Modes and Control Options

The LC-20AT can be used in both low- and high-pressure gradient modes.
The high-pressure gradient mode uses two LC-20AT pumps and is highly accurate with minimal time lag. In
low-pressure gradient mode, a single LC-20AT plus the gradient unit provides a low cost option to combine
up to four solvents. The gradient program may be controlled by the LC-20AT itself or, for enhanced control
capability, by the CBM-20A/20Alite system controller.

• Automatic Plunger Rinsing

An optional automatic mechanism rinses the plunger and the back of the plunger seal, preventing
premature seal failure due to crystallization of high-salt-concentration buffer solutions.

1-2 LC-20AT
 1.3 Component Parts

1.3 Component Parts

1
This instrument consists of the standard parts listed below. Check the parts against this list after unpacking.
The standard parts provided depend on the power supply voltage. (See below.) After unpacking, verify that
the correct types and quantity of parts have been provided.
The 2-digit numbers in the remark column in the table below indicate the power supply voltages for the part.
-31 indicates use with a 100V power supply, -32 is a 120V power supply, and -38 a 220-240V power supply.
These 2-digit figures refer to the last two digits in the product number of the instrument. -31 is for products
destined for Japan, while -32 and -38 are for use in other countries.

Parts Part No. Q’ty Remark

LC-20AT − 1

AC Power cord (for UL/CSA) 071-60825-01 1 -31, -32 only

AC Power cord (for VDE) 071-60825-51 1 -38 only

Adapter KPR-1 071-60813 1 -31 only

Suction filter 228-39181-95 1

Instruction manual (Japanese version) 228-30886 1 -31 only

Instruction manual (English version) 228-30887 1 -32, -38 only

Accessory pack (See next page for contents.) 228-42650-92 1

Signal cable 228-35047-92 1

Event cable 228-28253-91 1

CBM grounding plate (with 3 screws) 228-42299 1 Used when CBM-20Alite is built-in.

LC-20AT 1-3
1. Configuration

Accessory Pack
Parts Part No. Q’ty Remark

Wrench, 8 × 10 086-03006 2

Wrench, 13 × 17 086-03017 1

Allen wrench 3mm 086-03804 1

Tools

Seal installer / remover 228-25142 1

Plunger tool 228-34672-02 1

File 670-18928-02 1 For cutting SUS tubing

Optical cable 070-92025-51 1

Tube clamp 046-00994-03 1 For securing tubings

Bottle cap 228-18887 1

Lid 228-17644 1

Pipe clip 037-60177-05 1 For securing tubings

Male nut, PEEK 228-18565 2

Male nut, 1.6MN 228-16001 2

Ferrule, 1.6F 228-16000-10 2

Drain tubing 228-25495-93 1

Rinse tubing 228-39184-91 1

Hex socket head bolts, M5 × 20 022-27089 2

Bolt truss, M4 × 8 020-37054 2

SUS pipe 1.6mm O.D. × 0.3mm I.D. 228-36993-96 1 2m

Parts

Spiral tube wrap 018-26020-02 1 0.2m

Syringe 046-00038-01 1 Volume: 20mL

Syringe needle 228-18216-91 1

Frit 228-32744 1 For line filter

Drain OUT, STD 228-42205 1

Drain OUT, CTO 228-42206 1

Silicone tubing 228-25162-03 1 1m

Straight tubing connector 228-28163 1

L-type tubing connector 035-61561-12 1

Drain adapter 228-42204 1

Tubing holder 228-42209 3

Stop joint T 228-46054-92 1

Syringe tubing T 228-46055-92 1 Volume: 2.5mL

1-4 LC-20AT
 1.4 Optional Parts

1.4 Optional Parts

1
Optional units available for this instrument are listed below.
For information about other optional units not listed below, contact your Shimadzu representative.

Option Part No. Features

Degasses mobile phase by passing through special tubing made of

Degasser (5 flow lines)
228-45019-XX resin film, thereby reducing the pressure surrounding the tubing. Can
DGU-20A5
separately degas up to 5 flow lines. Connected to pump unit.

Degasser (3 flow lines)

228-45018-XX Same as above, but able to separately degas up to 3 flow lines.
DGU-20A3

Degasses up to four different mobile phases by means of helium. Can

Degasser DGU-10B 228-45067-XX
be switched ON/OFF at the instrument or with a system controller.

• Can switch between up to 4

Pump unit
liquids of low-pressure
gradient or mobile phases. 5-way switching
Low pressure gradient block
228-45040-91 • Used for auto rinsing of
unit 2-way solenoid
column and flow lines.
valves
• Installed inside of the
instrument.

Reservor switching valves used for switching between pairs of reservoir

bottles (for up to 3 flow lines).
• Each valve switches between two liquids serving one pump (for
example, switches between mobile phase and rinse solution).
Reservoir switching • FCV-11AL can perfom
228-45048-XX switching for up to 3 pumps.
valves FCV-11AL
to pump units

3-way solenoid
valve

• Switches between two liquids serving one pump (for example,

switches between mobile phase and rinse solution).
• FCV-11ALS can perfom
Reservoir switching valve switching for a single pump. to each pump units
228-45049-XX
FCV-11ALS

• Auto mobile-phase switching valve with 7 ports and 6 positions.

• Can switch between up to 6
to each pump units
reservoir bottles.
Reservoir switching valve • FCV-13AL can be controlled
228-45016-XX
FCV-13AL via LC workstation and are
connected through an option
box vp to the system
controller.

LC-20AT 1-5
1. Configuration

Option Part No. Features

Can house up to two FCV-11AL, FCV-11ALS or DGU-10B.

Option box vp 228-45060-XX
Can be placed under pump to save space.

Reservoir box 228-45041-91 Holds up to seven 1-liter bottles.

Gradient mixer with excellent gradient performance. Capacity can be

SUS mixer 228-45093-91 varied in 3 stages. Can be used for high-pressure, low-pressure or
semi-micro gradient analysis.

Gradient mixer for semi micro with excellent gradient performance.

Semi micro mixer 228-35830-92 Can be installed inside the instrument using a semi micro mixer
installation kit (T) (228-45936-91).

For continuous automatic rinsing of the back side of the plunger seal,
Automatic rinsing pump using a rinsing pump with rinse solution. Used when system uses high-
228-45568-91
20AT salt-concentration buffer solution.
Installed inside of the instrument.

Injector mounting plate 228-35659-92 Plate for installing manual injectors on the instrument.

Column holder 228-35655-94 For use if the column is installed on the instrument.

CBM-20Alite 228-45011-XX CBM-20Alite system controller can be installed inside of the instrument.

1-6 LC-20AT
2 Parts Identification and Function
2
Contents

2.1 Front Cover ...................................................................................................... 2-2

2.2 Behind Front Cover .......................................................................................... 2-3
2.3 Right Side and Base Panel .............................................................................. 2-4
2.4 Back ................................................................................................................. 2-5
2.5 Names and Functions of Displays and Keypad ............................................... 2-6
2. Parts Identification and Function

2.1 Front Cover

Keypad
To operate and configure settings.
Press to show the operation keys.

Drain valve knob

To open the drain valve, turn this knob
Display panel counterclockwise.
Comprising the display screen and To close the valve, turn back as far as it will go.
LED indicators displays operational
settings.

Front cover
To cover pump heads and flow lines.

Power switch
To switch the power ON/OFF.
Press the switch in to turn power ON.
Press again to turn power OFF.

Press in Press again

(power ON) (power OFF)

2-2 LC-20AT
 2.2 Behind Front Cover

2.2 Behind Front Cover

Pump head
To enclose a reciprocating
2
plunger which delivers solvent.

Rinse tubing U

Drain valve Head holder

To purge the mobile phase and To support the plunger rinse
bleed air from the flow line. flow line and the pump head.
The valve has a built-in pressure
transducer.

Inlet check valve

The secondary check
valve.
Rinsing flow line
The flow line for rinse solution.
Pump outlet Connect rinse tubing to this line
Connect to the autosampler/ for auto rinsing and manual
manual injector inelet rinsing.
plumbing.

Line filter Primary-inlet check valve

To protect LC system from The primary check valve.
clogging due to particles
from worn seals.

Pump inlet
The filtered solvent line is
connected to this inlet.

LC-20AT 2-3
2. Parts Identification and Function

2.3 Right Side and Base Panel

Mixer mounting holes

Used to install mixer, manual
injector and column stay.

Shipping screws
To prevent the shock during
Leakage drain outlet transportation.
Connect the provided drain tubing. Remove before installation.

2-4 LC-20AT
 2.4 Back

2.4 Back

[REMOTE] connector
Connect to the system controller or an
2
identical pump unit.

External input/output terminals

Connect to external equipment.

Power cord connector

Connect the power cord.

Fuse holders
To hold the fuses.

[DGU/SOL.V] connector
Connect to the flow line switching valve (FCV
series) or DGU-20A degasser.

[PUMP PRESS] connector

To output voltage so that pressure can be monitored with an
external device.
Can be adjusted from 0-5MPa up to 0-50MPa in 10 steps.

[DGU PRESS] connector

To input the pressure signal from degasser.

LC-20AT 2-5
2. Parts Identification and Function

2.5 Names and Functions of Displays

and Keypad

Display panel
This instrument is controlled through the keypad.
The display allows verification of the instruments status.

NOTE

The display screen may become hot when in use.

Keypad

1 2 3 4
2.5.1 Display Panel
The display panel consists of a display screen and LED
indicators. 0.000mL MAX 10.0
Names and functions of the display screen and the 0.0MPa MIN 0.0
indications are given below.

5 6 7 8 9
No. Display or Indicator Function
Displays set flow rate (in mL/min) in constant flow pumping mode, and set pressure
1 flow/press (in units set with [PRS-UNIT] additional function) in constant pressure pumping
mode.
Displays reading of pressure sensor (in units set with [PRS-UNIT] additional
2 pressure
function).

3 p.max Displays pressure upper limit (in units set with [PRS-UNIT] additional function).

4 p.min Displays pressure lower limit (in units set with [PRS-UNIT] additional function).

pump
5 Illuminates when pump is running.
(Pump indicator)
prog.run
6 Illuminates when program is being executed.
(Program indicator)
remote
7 Illuminates when the instrument is controlled by system controller.
(Remote mode indicator)
G.E.
8 Illuminates when the instrument is running in gradient mode.
(Gradient mode indicator)
Green : when power is ON.
9 Status Indicator Red : when an error is generated.
Orange : during sleep mode.

2-6 LC-20AT
 2.5 Names and Functions of Displays and Keypad

2.5.2 Keypad
The 24 keys on the keypad are used to operate the
instrument and set parameters.

Key Indicator Function

Display key To show the operation keys.

Pump key To start and stop the pump.

To start and stop the time program.

Run key
(If time program is not registered, this key is inoperative.)

To start and stop purging.

Purging stops automatically 3 minutes after it begins.
Purge key Purging can be stopped also by pressing the .
The duration of purging can be changed using [P-TIMER] of auxiliary
function.

VP key To move from the initial screen to VP mode.

Sleep key To turn off the display screen. This key has no effect on operation.

Delete key To delete individual lines of time program on the display screen.

Edit key To activate edit mode of time program (from the initial screen).

• To initialize the screen.

Clear key • To clear the values input up to that time while entering the values.
• To clear error messages and cancel alarms.

• To scroll backward during time program editing.

Back key
• To scroll backward through auxiliary functions setting screens.

Concentration key To set liquid concentrations in gradient analysis.

• To scroll forward through basic functions.

Function key • To scroll forward through auxiliary functions.
• To scroll during time program editing.

Enter key To validate input values for each item setting.

- Numeric keypad To enter numeric values for each item setting.

LC-20AT 2-7
2. Parts Identification and Function

This page is intentionally left blank.

2-8 LC-20AT
 3 Preparation
3
Contents

3.1 Turning Power ON/OFF ................................................................................... 3-2

3.2 Preparation before Operation........................................................................... 3-3
3.3 Checking Pressure Value................................................................................. 3-5
3. Preparation

3.1 Turning Power ON/OFF

1 Press the power switch to turn the power ON.

Press it again to turn the power OFF.

Press in Press again

(ON) (OFF)

Fig. 3.1

2 When the power is first turned on, all the dots in

the display matrix and all the indicators illuminate,
as shown on the right.
™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™
™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™

3 The memory is automatically tested, and after the

memory check passes, the version number of the
control program is displayed momentarily. Prominence LC
The screen shown on the right appears and
LC-20AT V*.**
displays the ROM version [V∗.∗∗] in this example.

Initial Screen
Flow rate [flow]

4 After displaying the ROM version, the initial

screen appears as shown on the right. The status
indicators turns green and the instrument is now 0.000mL MAX 10.0
operable. 0.0MPa MIN 0.0

NOTE

• The values displayed on the initial screen are the Pressure display [pressure]
values last set.
• If an error is detected, an alarm sounds and an error
message appears.
"6.2 Error Message" P. 6-5

3-2 LC-20AT
 3.2 Preparation before Operation

3.2 Preparation before Operation

The pumps and internal plumbing of the pump are purged with nitrogen and dried prior to shipment. Prior to
initial use (after installation) the pump must first be run for a short time in order to expel the air inside its flow
lines. Then the instrument will be ready to receive the mobile phase to be used for analysis. The procedure is
as follows.

3
1 Pour approximately 100mL of 2-propanol into a
beaker.

2 Place a suction filter into the beaker. Beaker

Suction filter

Fig. 3.2

3 Connect one end of the SUS tubing (O.D. 1.6 ×

I.D. 0.3mm) provided to the pump outlet, and put SUS tubing Drain tubing
the other end into the beaker.
Beaker Waste
container

4 Connect one end of the drain tubing to the drain

tubing connection port, and put the other end into
the waste container.

5 Turn the power ON.

The initial screen appears. Drain tubing
Power switch Pump outlet
"3.1 Turning Power ON/OFF" P. 3-2 connection port
Fig. 3.3

6 Turn the drain valve knob 180° counterclockwise

to open the drain valve.
Drain valve knob

7 Press . Open
The pumps run, and the pump indicator
illuminates.

NOTE

If the drain valve knob is turned more than 180°, any

mobile phase that drains out may contain air bubbles.
This is normal.
Fig. 3.4

LC-20AT 3-3
3. Preparation

8 When purging is over, press

change the flow rate.
once, to Flow rate

Set the flow rate to 5mL/min.

5.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0
9 Turn the drain valve knob clockwise as far as
possible, to close the drain valve.

Pump indicator

10 Press .
The pumps run, and the pump indicator
illuminates.

11 After about 15 minutes, press again.

The pump stops, and the pump indicator goes out.
Preparation for operation is now completed.

3-4 LC-20AT
 3.3 Checking Pressure Value

3.3 Checking Pressure Value

Before beginning operation, check the values for upper and lower pressure limits.

1 Pour mobile phase in the reservoir, and put the suction filter inside the reservoir.

3
The end of the drain tubing should be in the waste container, which is placed on the floor.

Drain valve knob

Reservoir
To Autosampler/
Manual injector

Waste container

Drain tubing
Suction filter

Fig. 3.5

2 To open the drain valve, turn the drain valve knob

180° counterclockwise.

NOTE

If the drain valve knob is turned more than 180°, any

mobile phase that drains out may contain air bubbles.
This is normal.

Fig. 3.6

LC-20AT 3-5
3. Preparation

3 Press to return the initial screen. Initial Screen

Pressure upper limit

4 Check that the [pressure] value shown on the

screen is in the range of -0.3 to 0.3MPa. 0.000mL MAX 15.0
0.0MPa MIN 2.0

Pressure display [pressure] Pressure lower limit

NOTE

If not, zero the value of the pressure sensor with [ZERO

ADJ] function.
"Zero Adjustment of Pressure Sensor [ZERO ADJ]"
P. 5-20

5 Check that the pressure upper and lower limits are

appropriate values.
To change the values;
"4.1 Setting Parameters" P. 4-2

6 Press .
Pumping begins at a registered flow rate.
"Setting Purge Flow Rate [P-FLOW]" P. 5-17 PURGING LINE

NOTE

Normally, pumping begins at the set flow rate as soon as

Pump indicator
is pressed. But in the following situations,
pumping is initially carried out at low speed (for a few
seconds) in order to detect the pump home position,
before rising at the set flow rate:

• is pressed for the first time after the power is

turned on.
• is pressed for the first time after a pressure
upper limit of 22MPa or more has been activated.

7 Observe the condition of the mobile phase that

flows from the end of the drain tubing for about 10
seconds.
The mobile phase should flow continuously and
be free of air bubbles.

3-6 LC-20AT
 3.3 Checking Pressure Value

8 Press .
The pump stops, and the pump indicator goes out.

NOTE

• If the flow of mobile phase starts and stops repeatedly

in synchronization with pumping:
There are probably air bubbles in the pump heads;
press to expel air.
• If no mobile phase emerges:
Attach the syringe needle to the disposable syringe
3
Drain tubing
(provided), insert the tip of the needle into the end of Syringe needle
the drain tubing, and draw the mobile phase through Disposable syringe
the tubing.
Fig. 3.7

LC-20AT 3-7
3. Preparation

This page is intentionally left blank.

3-8 LC-20AT
 4 Basic Operation
4
Contents

4.1 Setting Parameters .......................................................................................... 4-2

4.2 Operation ......................................................................................................... 4-6
4.3 High-Pressure Gradient Mode ......................................................................... 4-9
4.4 Low-Pressure Gradient Mode ........................................................................ 4-11
4.5 Plunger Rinsing When Buffer Solution is Used as Mobile Phase .................. 4-14
4.6 Replacing the Mobile Phase .......................................................................... 4-16
4. Basic Operation

4.1 Setting Parameters

Before operating this instrument, it is necessary to set the flow rate and the pressure value to protect flow line
parts such as column.
The ranges, steps, initial values and their applicable modes of parameters are listed in the following table.

Mode Parameter Range Steps Initial Value

flow 0 ∼ 10.000mL/min 0.001 mL/min 0 mL/min

1.0 ∼ 44.0MPa
(0 ∼ 5.000mL/min)
p.max 0.1 MPa 10 MPa
1.0 ∼ 22.0MPa
Constant Flow
(5.001 ∼ 10.000mL/min)
Delivery
0.0 ∼ 44.0MPa
(0 ∼ 5.000mL/min)
p.min 0.1 MPa 0 MPa
0.0 ∼ 22.0MPa
(5.001 ∼ 10.000mL/min)

press 1.0 ∼ 40.0MPa 0.1 MPa 1.0 MPa

Constant Pressure
p.max 1.0 ∼ 44.0MPa 0.1 MPa 10 MPa
Delivery
p.min 0.0 ∼ 44.0MPa 0.1 MPa 0 MPa
2
1kgf/cm = 0.098MPa = 0.98bar = 14.2psi

4.1.1 Prior to Key Operation

Press to show the operation key.
Display Panel
Operation Panel

4-2 LC-20AT
 4.1 Setting Parameters

4.1.2 Setting Flow Rate

The following is the basic procedure for setting a flow rate.

1 Display the initial screen, either by turning the

power on or by pressing several times.
0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Press .
The cursor blinks in the display field, prompting 4
input of a new value. Flow rate [flow] (with cursor prompting input)

3 Enter the new value using the numeric keypad,

and press . The new value is set, and the
™.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0
screen returns to the initial screen.
∗ To cancel the new setting, press .

4 To change other parameters, press

Pressing accesses the items in the
. [flow] [P.max]

following sequence:
[flow (press)]→ [P.max] → [P.min]. 0.000mL MAX ™0.0
When an item is accessed, the cursor blinks in the 0.0MPa MIN 0.0
display field, prompting value input. Press
further to access the other auxiliary
functions.
[P.min]

5 After setting a flow rate, press

the initial screen.
to return to

LC-20AT 4-3
4. Basic Operation

4.1.3 Setting Maximum Pressure Limit

The maximum pressure limit is the value of which the
pressure in the flow line may not exceed. The purpose of
maximum limit is to protect the column and other flow ERROR P-MAX
line components. 16.0MPa MIN 0.0
If pressure exceeds the maximum limit, pumping stops
automatically, and an alarm sounds with the message as
shown on the right.

Setting Procedure
The procedure for setting the maximum pressure limit is as follows.
For example, 15MPa will be set as the maximum pressure limit.

1 On the initial screen, press twice.

The cursor blinks in the [P.max] field, prompting
[P.max]

input of a new value.

0.000mL MAX ™0.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Press , and .
The new value appears (as shown on the right) on
the initial screen.
0.000mL MAX 15.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

4-4 LC-20AT
 4.1 Setting Parameters

4.1.4 Setting Minimum Pressure Limit

The purpose of the minimum pressure limit is to prevent pressure drop which occur in the following situation.
• When mobile phase in reservoirs runs out, air will be pumped through the flow lines.
• When a leakage occurs in the flow lines.

If pressure drops to less than the minimum pressure limit

and remains for more than 1 minute, pumping stops
automatically and an alarm sounds with the message as ERROR P-MIN
shown on the right. 0.0MPa MIN 2.0

4
Setting Procedure
The procedure for setting the minimum pressure limit is as follows.
For example, 2MPa will be set as the minimum pressure limit.

1 On the initial screen, press three times.

The cursor blinks in the [P.min] field, prompting
input of a new value. 0.000mL MAX 15.0
0.0MPa MIN ™0.0

[P.min]

2 Press , , and .
The new value appears (as shown on the right) on
the initial screen. 0.000mL MAX 15.0
0.0MPa MIN 2.0

NOTE

When [0] is set as [P.min], pumping will not stop

automatically and alarm will not sound when pressure
drops.

LC-20AT 4-5
4. Basic Operation

4.2 Operation
There are two basic operating modes; one is in constant flow delivery mode and the other is in constant
pressure delivery mode.

4.2.1 Operation in Constant Flow Delivery Mode

1 Turn the drain valve knob clockwise as far as

possible to close the drain valve.

2 Press to return to the initial screen.

3 Press
rate.
once, then, set the desired flow [flow]

Example: To set 1mL/min, press and

. 1.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

4 Press .
The pumping starts, and the pump indicator
illuminates. 1.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0
5 Observe the pressure value on the screen to
ensure that the pump outlet pressure is rising.

Pump indicator Pressure display

6 To stop operation, press again.

The pumping stops, and the pump indicator goes
out.

CAUTION
Close the drain valve if necessary. When it is left opened, mobile phase could flow out of the drain due to
atmospheric pressure.

4-6 LC-20AT
 4.2 Operation

4.2.2 Operation in Constant Pressure Delivery Mode

1 Turn the drain valve knob clockwise as far as

possible to close the drain valve.

2 Press repeatedly until [CONTROL]

appears on the screen.
0.000 CONTROL
Enter to Select

4
3 Press
Press
.
repeatedly until [MODE CHANG]
appears. 0.000 MODE CHANG
Enter to Change

4 Press .
The mode changes from constant flow delivery
mode to constant pressure delivery mode. 1.0 MODE CHANG
"Plunger Set [P-SET]" P. 5-20 Enter to Change

5 Press twice after mode is changed.

The initial screen of constant pressure delivery
mode appears. 1.0MPa MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

6 Press .
The cursor blinks in the [press] display field,
[press]

prompting value input.

™1.0MPa MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

7 Enter a value with the numeric keypad.

Example: To enter 2.0MPa, press and
. 2.0MPa MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

LC-20AT 4-7
4. Basic Operation

8 Press .
The pump indicator illuminates and pumping
starts. 2.0MPa MAX 10.0
2.0MPa MIN 0.0

9 Observe that the pump outlet pressure rises and

pressure display [pressure] stabilizes at about
Pump indicator Pressure display [pressure]
2.0MPa.

10 To stop operation, press again.

The pump indicator goes out and pumping stops.

4-8 LC-20AT
 4.3 High-Pressure Gradient Mode

4.3 High-Pressure Gradient Mode

When two pump units are used to form a high-pressure gradient system, two methods of control are possible:
• All pump units controlled by a system controller.
• Pump units connected together; one unit controls the other.
This section explains the second method. For details of the first method, see the system controller Instruction
Manual.

4.3.1 Preparatory Settings

4
1 Press to set the [SYS] parameter of the
master pump unit (hereinafter referred to as pump
Master pump unit (Pump A)

A).
"Setting System Control Parameter [SYS]" P.
0.000 SYS 2
5-22 Set System Param

2 Press to set the [SYS] parameter of the

slave pump unit (hereinafter referred to as pump
Slave pump unit (Pump B)

B).
0.000 SYS 1
Set System Param

3 Press and to set the [ADRS]

parameter of both pump units.
"Setting Link Address [ADRS]" P. 5-21 0.000 ADRS 85
Input 1 - 12,85

4 Set the maximum and minimum pressure limits of

each pump unit.
The limits set for pump A will be valid for pump A
only, and those set for pump B valid for pump B
only.
From now on, operations will be controlled by
pump A only.
"4.1.3 Setting Maximum Pressure Limit" P. 4-4
"4.1.4 Setting Minimum Pressure Limit" P. 4-5

LC-20AT 4-9
4. Basic Operation

4.3.2 Setting Initial Conditions

1 On the initial screen, press . Flow rate [flow]

2 Set the value of flow rate [flow], enter the flow rate
(the total flow rate value of pump A and pump B).
™.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0
∗ The mobile phase delivered by pump A is
referred to as mobile phase A, and that of pump
B as mobile phase B.

3 Press .
The screen of setting concentration appears.
A:100.0 B:™ 0.0

4 Enter the concentration of mobile phase B

(unit:%).
The concentration of mobile phase A will be
determined as follows:

Concentration of mobile phase A (%) =

100 (%) - Concentration of mobile phase B (%)

The concentration of mobile phase [B] can be set

to any value between 0 and 100%.
Minimum setting unit: 0.1%

5 Press on pump A.
Pumping in pump A and pump B starts at the
same time.

4.3.3 Operation in High-Pressure Gradient Mode

After setting initial conditions, press to start pumping.

Operation of Pump B
• The flow rate of pump B is controlled by pump A; all the other parameter settings of pump B remain effective
for pump B.
• remains active and can be used to stop and start pump B at any time, during execution of a time
program set on the side of pump A.
• is available to execute purging of pump B.

NOTE

Do not press on pump B.

If is pressed, the time program of pump B will start, which may cause incorrect operation.

4-10 LC-20AT
 4.4 Low-Pressure Gradient Mode

4.4 Low-Pressure Gradient Mode

When an optional low-pressure gradient unit is connected, quaternary low-pressure gradient delivery can be
controlled either by the instrument itself or by a system controller.
This section explains the operation of low-pressure gradient delivery controlled by the instrument itself.
For operation controlled by a system controller, see the system controller instruction manual.

4.4.1 Preparatory Setting

1 Press to set the [FCV-TYPE] parameter.

"Selecting Flow Channel Valve Type [FCV
4
TYPE]" P. 5-23 0.000 FCV-TYPE 0
0:10AL 1:11AL

2 Press to set the [SYS] parameter.

"Setting System Control Parameter [SYS]" P.
5-22 0.000 SYS 4
Set System Param

3 Press twice to return to the initial screen.

4 Press once. Flow rate [flow]

5.000mL MAX 10.0

5 Set the flow rate.
Enter the total flow rate of mobile phases A, B, C
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

and D.
In the example on the right, 5 mL/min is set for the
flow rate.

6 Press .
The screen of setting concentration appears.
Enter the concentrations. A:100.0 B:™ 0.0
C: 0.0 D: 0.0

LC-20AT 4-11
4. Basic Operation

7 Enter each concentration (%) for mobile phases B,

C and D by using the numeric keypad.
A: 75.0 B:™25.0
Press to move the cursor to the next C: 0.0 D: 0.0
mobile phase.
In this case, since the settings are for initial A: 50.0 B: 25.0
operation of the gradient system (which need to C:™25.0 D: 0.0
be completed for all flow lines), the same value of
mobile phases B, C and D should be entered. A: 25.0 B: 25.0
Therefore, set 25% for each. C: 25.0 D:™25.0
The concentration of mobile phase A will be
determined as follows:

Mobile phase A (%) = 100 (%) - Mobile phase B (%) - Mobile phase C (%) - Mobile phase D (%)

The concentrations of mobile phases B, C and D

can be set to any value between 0 and 100%.
Minimum setting unit is 0.1%.

4.4.2 Initial Operation

1 To open the drain valve, turn the drain valve knob

180° counterclockwise .
Drain valve knob
Open

2 Press .
Pumping starts, and the pump indicator
illuminates.

Fig. 4.1

3 Wait for the flow lines to be filled with mobile

phase.
Verify that the mobile phase is continuously
flowing.

NOTE

There will be some air bubbles in the flow at first. Check air
Wait for a short time until air bubbles disappear. bubbles
disappear.

4 Run the pump for about 6 minutes, to allow the

new mobile phase to completely replace the old
Fig. 4.2

mobile phase in the flow lines.

4-12 LC-20AT
 4.4 Low-Pressure Gradient Mode

5 Press .
Pumping stops, and the pump indicator goes out.

6 Rotate the drain valve lever clockwise until it

stops. Close the drain valve.

4.4.3 Operation in Low-Pressure Gradient Mode

When the required settings for flow rate and concentrations are completed, press to start pumping.

Select of Low-Pressure Gradient Mode

This instrument has the three control methods for low-pressure gradient mode.
Select the optimal method for purposes.
4
"Setting Low-Pressure Gradient Mode [LPGE MODE]" P. 5-17

<1-Cycle Mode>
The opening and closing times of the solenoid valves are controlled for each individual cycle (intake and
discharge) of pump.
This permits a small unit liquid volume of gradient concentration, giving excellent mixing performance and
allowing use of a small-capacity mixer that provides highly consistent concentrations.

<2-Cycle Mode>
The opening and closing times of the solenoid valves are controlled for every two cycles (intake and
discharge) of pump.
This permits a large unit liquid volume of gradient concentration, providing high concentration precision.

<4-Cycle Mode>
The opening and closing times of the solenoid valves are controlled for every four cycles (intake and
discharge) of pump.
This permits a large unit liquid volume of gradient concentration, providing high concentration precision.
However, the capacity of the mixer must be large in this method, or the liquids will not be mixed properly.
Consequently this method is unsuitable for analysis by low flow rates.

The table below is a usage guide of each gradient mode.

Gradient Mode 1-Cycle Mode 2-Cycle Mode 4-Cycle Mode

Concentration Accuracy ±2% ±1% ±1%

Appropriate mixer volume 0.1mL 0.5mL 1.7mL

Appropriate flow rate range 0.05-0.1mL/min 0.1-1.5mL/min 1.5-5mL/min

NOTE

In the initial setting, it is set to [LPGE MODE=0] on which 2-Cycle and 4-Cycle Mode are switched each other
automatically based on the flow rate.

LC-20AT 4-13
4. Basic Operation

4.5 Plunger Rinsing When Buffer

Solution is Used as Mobile Phase
When a buffer solution is used as the mobile phase, use distilled water to rinse the inner surfaces of the seals
and the plunger surfaces.
The cycle of manual rinsing is as follows.
• For phosphoric acid buffer solution (low concentration): Several times a day.
• For boric acid buffer solution (low concentration): Frequently during the day.

CAUTION
The seals and plungers must be rinsed frequently when a buffer solution is used as the mobile phase.
Buffer solutions crystallize upon evaporation, and crystals could damage the plungers and plunger seals,
which may cause the shortening of their service life.

4.5.1 Connecting the Plumbing

1 Cut the rinse tubing assembly (provided) to

lengths appropriate for connecting the rinse flow
Rinse tubing assembly

line at the bottom of the head holder to the

disposable syringe and a beaker. Then connect
the rinse tubing to the rinse flow line.
Cut

2 Put one end of the rinse tubing into a beaker. Fig. 4.3

Rinse flow line

Rinse tubing

Rinse tubing
Beaker
Disposable syringe

Fig. 4.4

4-14 LC-20AT
 4.5 Plunger Rinsing When Buffer Solution is Used as Mobile Phase

4.5.2 Rinsing

1 Draw the rinse solution into the disposable syringe.

∗Attach the syringe needle to the syringe before using.

2 Insert the disposable syringe into the other rinse tubing.

3 Flow the rinse solution into rinse flow line.

Manual rinsing can be performed either when pumping or not pumping.

LC-20AT 4-15
4. Basic Operation

4.6 Replacing the Mobile Phase

The procedure for replacing the mobile phase varies depending on whether the new mobile phase is miscible
with the old one, or whether a buffer solution is used for the mobile phase. Replace properly according to the
appropriate procedure below. When the column is to be replaced also, remove the column first.

4.6.1 When New Mobile Phase is Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase

1 Pour about 100mL of the new mobile phase into a

200mL beaker. Beaker

2 Remove the suction filter from the reservoir and

put the filter into the beaker filled with the new
mobile phase by step 1 above.

3 Shake the filter slightly to mix the mobile phases. Reservoir

Suction filter

Fig. 4.5

4 Put new mobile phase into the reservoir. Then

remove the suction filter from the beaker and put it
into the reservoir.

5 Turn the drain valve knob 180° counterclockwise

to open the drain valve.
Drain valve
Open
NOTE

If the drain valve knob is turned more than 180°, any

mobile phase that drains out may contain air bubbles.
This is normal.

Fig. 4.6

4-16 LC-20AT
 4.6 Replacing the Mobile Phase

6 Press .
The old mobile phase will be completely expelled
from the flow lines through the drain tubing.

Drain valve

Drain tubing

4
Fig. 4.7

7 Disconnect the tubing. Connecting the manual

injector outlet to the column, and put the tubing
into the reservoir.

8 Close the drain valve. Turn the drain valve knob

clockwise as far as it will go.

SUS tubing connected to column

Waste container
Fig. 4.8

9 Set the flow rate [flow] to about 1-3mL/min. Flow rate [flow]

3.000mL MAX 10.0

0.3MPa MIN 0.0
10 Press .
Pumping starts, and the pump indicator
illuminates.
Pump indicator

11 Press .
Pumping stops, and the pump indicator goes out.

12 Reconnect the tubing that was disconnected in

step 7 to the manual injector outlet.

13 Press again to restart pumping.

The mobile phase in the flow line downstream of
the manual injector will be replaced.

∗ The flow rate should be set so that the pressure Fig. 4.9
will be lower than the maximum column
pressure.

LC-20AT 4-17
4. Basic Operation

4.6.2 When New Mobile Phase is not Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase

1 Prepare an intermediate rinse solution (2-propanol or similar) that is miscible with both the old and new
mobile phases.

2 Replace the old mobile phase with the intermediate rinse solution.
"4.6.1 When New Mobile Phase is Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase" P. 4-16, steps 1-11

3 Replace the intermediate rinse solution with the new mobile phase.
"4.6.1 When New Mobile Phase is Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase" P. 4-16, steps 1-11

4.6.3 When Buffer Solution is used as Mobile Phase

If a buffer solution is used as the mobile phase, it deposits crystals in the flow line when it evaporates.

CAUTION
Distilled or de-ionized water should be used for purging.
Use of organic solvents such as 2-propanol may cause crystals.

1 Prepare distilled water or de-ionized water.

2 Pump at least 200mL of the water prepared in step 1 through the flow line.
"4.6.1 When New Mobile Phase is Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase" P. 4-16, steps 1-11

3 Replace the water with the new mobile phase.

"4.6.1 When New Mobile Phase is Miscible with the Old Mobile Phase" P. 4-16, steps 1-11

4.6.4 Rinse When Buffer Solution is used

When a buffer solution is used as the mobile phase, it deposits crystals in the flow line when it evaporates.
Crystals on the plungers or plunger seals could damage them and shorten their service life, so when a buffer
solution is used it is important to rinse the seal inner surfaces and plunger surfaces frequently with distilled
water in order to protect them and prolong their service life.
"4.5 Plunger Rinsing When Buffer Solution is Used as Mobile Phase" P. 4-14

CAUTION
When the instrument is to remain inactive following operation with a buffer solution, be sure to replace the
buffer solution in the flow lines with distilled or de-ionized water to prevent deposition of buffer solution
crystals.

4-18 LC-20AT
 5 Application Operation
5
Contents

5.1 Display Panel ................................................................................................... 5-2

5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions ................................................................... 5-12
5.3 VP Functions.................................................................................................. 5-27
5.4 Creating Time Program .................................................................................. 5-45
5.5 Control by CBM-20A or CBM-20Alite System Controller ............................... 5-56
5.6 Control by SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A System Controller .................................. 5-57
5.7 Connection to External Input/Output Terminals.............................................. 5-58
5. Application Operation

5.1 Display Panel

5.1.1 Types of Screens

Turn the power ON, the initial screen appears.
By pushing the keys , and , the screen can be switched from the initial screen to
one of the three screens described below.
• Basic setting screens and auxiliary function screens
• VP function screen
• Time program edit screen

Basic setting screen and auxiliary

function setting screens
Initial screen P.5-3

0.000mL MAX 10.0 ™ .000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0 0.0MPa MIN 0.0
Basic settings
• Flow rate
• Maximum pressure limit
• Minimum pressure limit
Auxiliary settings
• Parameter
• File operation
• Control
• System
• Monitor

VP function screen P.5-8

PRODUCT INFO
Press func or VP
VP function settings
• Mobile phase monitor
• Product information
• Maintenance information
• Validation support
• Calibration support

Time program edit screen P.5-45

USED LEFT
0 320
Time program editing

5-2 LC-20AT
 5.1 Display Panel

5.1.2 Basic Setting Screen and Auxiliary Function Setting Screen

In this section, basic setting screens and auxiliary function setting screens are shown in the following flow
diagrams.
On each screen, press to show the next screen, and press to return.
On auxiliary function group screens, press to enter each group.
Press to return the initial screen.

Initial screen
0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

Flow rate P.4-3

™ .000mL MAX 10.0 5

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

Maximum pressure limit P.4-4

0.000mL MAX ™ 0.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

Minimum pressure limit P.4-5

0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN ™ 0.0

LC-20AT 5-3
5. Application Operation

Parameter settings group Solenoid valve position P.5-15

0.000 PARAMETER 0.000 SV ™
Enter to Select Select Port No.

EVENT output terminals P.5-16

0.000 EVENT ™0
0,1,2 or 12

Compressibility compensation
P.5-16
0.000 COMP ™ .45
Input 0.00-3.00

Low pressure gradient mode

P.5-17
0.000 LPGE MODE™
0:A u t o 1 , 2 , 4:(c )

Purge timer P.5-17

0.000 P-TIMER ™ 3
Input 1 - 20 min

Purge flow rate P.5-17

0.000 P-FLOW™ 8.0
Input 0.1-10.0mL

Purge max. pressure limit P.5-18

0.000 P-PMAX™ 0.0
Input 1 - 10 MPa

5-4 LC-20AT
 5.1 Display Panel

File operation group File number P.5-19

0.000 FILE 0.000 FILE NUM ™
Enter to Select Select File 0-9

Copying a file P.5-19

0.000 FILE CPY ™
Input No. 0-9

Deleting a file P.5-19

0.000 FILE DEL

5
Enter to Delete

Control settings group Plunger set P.5-20

0.000 CONTROL 0.000 P-SET ™
Enter to Select 0:C l e a r 1:S e t

Zero adjustment of pressure sensor

P.5-20
0.000 ZERO ADJ
Enter to ZeroAdj

Solvent delivery mode change

P.5-20
0.000 MODE CHANG
Enter to Change

System settings group Local/Remote mode P.5-21

0.000 SYSTEM 0.000 LOCAL ™
Enter to Select 0:R e m o t e 1:L o c a l

Link address P.5-21

0.000 ADRS ™3
Input 1 - 12,85

Disable key entry P.5-21

0.000 KEY CLOSE
Enter to Close

LC-20AT 5-5
5. Application Operation

Brightness of screen P.5-22

0.000 BRIGHT ™
Enter 1 - 4

EVENT signal functions P.5-22

0.000 EXT-S ™
Input 0 - 3

System control parameter P.5-22

0.000 SYS ™
Set System Param

System protect function P.5-23

0.000 S-PROT ™
0:C l e a r 1 : S e t

Flow channel valve type P.5-23

0.000 FCV TYPE ™
0:1 0 A L 1 : 1 1 A L

Pressure display unit P.5-23

0.000 PRS-UNIT ™
Set Press Unit

Pressure recorder full scale P.5-23

0.000 RANGE ™0
RANGE* 5.0MPa/ FS

Link destination P.5-24

0.000 CBM LINK ™
0:Int 1:Ext

Operation of buzzer P.5-24

0.000 BEEP MODE™
0:On 1:Alm 2:Off

5-6 LC-20AT
 5.1 Display Panel

Monitors program elapsed time

Monitor settings group P.5-24
0.000 MONITOR 0.000 MON TIME ™
Enter to Select 0:C l e a r 1 : S e t

Monitor flow rate P.5-25

0.000 MON FLOW ™
0:C l e a r 1:S e t

Monitors ID for remote control P.5-25

0.000 MON ID ™
0:C l e a r 1:S e t
5
Monitor solenoid valve P.5-26
0.000 MON SV ™
0:C l e a r 1:S e t

Monitor pump revolution P.5-26

0.000 MON REV ™
0:C l e a r 1:S e t

Initial screen Monitor degasser pressure P.5-26

0.000mL MAX 10.0 0.000 DEGAS PRS
0.0MPa MIN 0.0 - 9 3 k Pa ( O K )

LC-20AT 5-7
5. Application Operation

5.1.3 VP Function Screen

In this section VP function screens are shown in the following flow diagrams.
Press on initial screen to show each group screen.
Press to return to the initial screen.
Press or to switch the setting screen within the groups selected by .
Press to return to the initial screen in the group.

Initial screen
0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

Monitor mobile phase volume

Mobile phase monitor group P.5-31
MOBILE PHASE MOBILE PHASE
Press func or VP 0 / ™ 000 mL

Input alarm level P.5-31

ALARM LEVEL ™0%
Input 1-99,0:OFF

Product information group Serial No. P.5-32

PRODUCT INFO SERIAL NUMBER
Press func or VP L20110000000

Software version No. P.5-32

S/W ID: V*.**
LC-20AT

5-8 LC-20AT
 5.1 Display Panel

Maintenance information group Total operation time P.5-32

MAINTENANCE TOTAL OP TIME
Press func or VP 1(h)

Total volume of liquid delivered

through left seal P.5-33
L SEAL DELIVERED
™ 0 / 180 L

Total volume of liquid delivered

5
through right seal P.5-33
R SEAL DELIVERED
™ 0 / 180 L

Input of part No. for replacement

P.5-33
PART REPLACEMENT
P/N:™ - -

Maintenance log P.5-33

MAINTENANCE LOG
Enter to Display

Error log P.5-34

ERROR LOG
Enter to Display

Operation log P.5-34

OPERATION LOG
Enter to Display

LC-20AT 5-9
5. Application Operation

Validation support group Date P.5-35

VALIDATION DATE YY-MM-DD
Press func or VP ™ 0-00-00

Time P.5-35
TIME HH:MM:SS
™ 0:00:00

Memory check P.5-36

MEMORY CHECK
Enter to Start

Pulsation check P.5-36

PULSE CHECK
CRITERIA:0.30MPa

Flow rate check P.5-37

FLOW CHECK
Enter to Start

Time program for GE test P.5-37

GE TEST PROGRAM
Copy to File ™

Leakage test P.5-37

LEAKAGE TEST
Enter to Start

Leak sensor test P.5-38

LEAK SENSOR TEST
Soak and Enter

5-10 LC-20AT
 5.1 Display Panel

Password P.5-39
∗ If password is input incorrectly, subsequent screens
Calibration support group cannot be accessed.

CALIBRATION Input PASSWORD

Press func or VP ™

Flow rate compensation parameter

(ALPHA) P.5-39
FLOW COMP FACT
™.00

Pressure sensor sensitivity

compensation P.5-39
PRESS COMP FACT
1:™456 5:8535
5
Leak sensor actuation level P.5-40
LEAK THR ™ 50
ActLv 100 / 255

Liquid volume for seal replacement

P.5-40
SEAL REPLACEMENT
™ 180 L

Operation mode P.5-40

OP MODE ™
0:20A 1:VP 2:10A

Parameter initialization P.5-40

INITIALIZE PARAM
Enter to Init

Change password P.5-41

CHANGE PASSWORD
Enter to Change

Displaying and setting of

CBM parameter P.5-41
CBM PARAMETER
To mobile phase monitor group Enter to Select
MOBILE PHASE
Press func or VP

LC-20AT 5-11
5. Application Operation

5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

There are five groups for auxiliary functions:
Parameter Setting, File Operation, Control Setting, System Setting and Monitor Setting.

5.2.1 List of Auxiliary Functions

The auxiliary functions are listed in the tables below.
"5.1.2 Basic Setting Screen and Auxiliary Function Setting Screen" P. 5-3

Parameter Settings Group

Command Operation Description Default value Page
To switch the solenoid valve to select mobile phase
SV Numeric keypad 1 P.5-15
in optional low-pressure gradient unit or FCV-11AL.
EVENT Numeric keypad To control output relays. 0 P.5-16
To set a mobile phase compressibility for
COMP Numeric keypad 0.45 P.5-16
compensation (fine adjustment).
LPGE MODE Numeric keypad To set low-pressure gradient mode. 0 P.5-17
P-TIMER Numeric keypad To set a purge execution time. 3 P.5-17
P-FLOW Numeric keypad To set a purge flow rate. 8.0 P.5-17
P-PMAX Numeric keypad To set a maximum pressure limit at purging. 10.0 P.5-18

File Operation Group

Command Operation Description Default value Page
FILE NUM Numeric keypad To select a program file No. 0 P.5-19
To copy a file.
FILE CPY Numeric keypad - P.5-19
(including initial conditions and time program)
FILE DEL To delete a time program from a file. - P.5-19

About files:
The instrument can store up to 10 files of flow rate and other parameter values, and time programs in
memory .
File No. 0 to 9 are assigned to each file. The auxiliary functions other than [SV] and [EVENT] are common
functions.
Each value can be switched by [FILE NUM] in the File Operation Group.

∗ Operation in the table head shows the types of operation described below.
Display : Check the monitor.
: Press to activate the function.
Numeric keypad : Press - to enter a value and press to determine the value.

5-12 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

Control Settings Group

Command Operation Description Default value Page
P-SET Numeric keypad To replace the plunger and plunger seal. - P.5-20
ZERO ADJ To perform zero adjustment of pressure screen. - P.5-20
Constant flow
MODE CHANG To change solvent delivery mode. solvent delivery P.5-20
mode

System Settings Group

Command Operation Description Default value Page
To select independent operation or control via
LOCAL Numeric keypad 0 P.5-21
system controller.
To set address of the instrument for control via
ADRS Numeric keypad 3 P.5-21
system controller.
KEY CLOSE
BRIGHT Numeric keypad
To lock the keypad, preventing unexpected entries.
To set brightness of display screen.
-
3
P.5-21
P.5-22 5
To close [EVENT1] output terminal at the start of
EXT-S Numeric keypad time program, and [EVENT2] output terminal on 0 P.5-22
detection of pump error.
SYS Numeric keypad To select a system control mode. 1 P.5-22
To reduce the flow rate without stopping the
S-PROT Numeric keypad pumping when the pressure exceeds the p.max 0 P.5-23
value.
To set a type of flow channel valve connected to the
FCV TYPE Numeric keypad 0 P.5-23
[SOL.V] connector on the back of the instrument.
PRS-UNIT Numeric keypad To set a unit of pressure. 0 P.5-23
To set a full range for pressure signals for the
RANGE Numeric keypad 10 P.5-23
recorder output.
CBM LINK Numeric keypad To set a link destination of system controller. 1 P.5-24
BEEP MODE Numeric keypad To set the operation of buzzer. 0 P.5-24

Monitor Settings Group

Command Operation Description Default value Page
To monitor the elapsed time when running a time
MON TIME Numeric keypad 0 P.5-24
program.
To monitor the flow rate in constant pressure
MON FLOW Numeric keypad 0 P.5-25
delivery mode.
MON ID Numeric keypad To monitor the pump ID. 0 P.5-25
MON SV Numeric keypad To monitor the flow line of solenoid valve unit. 0 P.5-26
MON REV Numeric keypad To monitor the pump revolution counter. 0 P.5-26
DEGAS PRS Display To monitor the vacuum pressure in degasser unit. - P.5-26

∗ Operation in the table head shows the types of operation described below.
Display : Check the monitor.
: Press to activate the function.
Numeric keypad : Press - to enter a value and press to determine the value.

LC-20AT 5-13
5. Application Operation

5.2.2 Showing the Auxiliary Function Screen

1 Press .
Initial screen appears.
0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Press four times to show parameter

settings group, the first group of the auxiliary
function. 0.000 PARAMETER
Pressing more than four times shows the other Enter to Select
groups of the auxiliary function.
∗ Press to return the previous screen.

3 Select the desired group and press .

0.000 SV ™
Select Port No.

4 Press and select the desired parameter.

5 Press
functions.
or to move to the other

6 Press
Press
to show the group screen.
to return to the initial screen.

5-14 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

5.2.3 Parameter Settings Group

This setting group is for pumping parameters.

0.000 PARAMETER
Enter to Select

0.000 SV ™
Select Port No.

5
Setting Solenoid Valve Position [SV]
Selects the position of the solenoid valve when using the
low-pressure gradient unit or FCV-11AL reservoir
switching valve (option). Enter the value corresponding
to the selected mobile phase and press .

Solenoid valve Set

Selected mobile phase
type value

1 Solvent A

Low-pressure 2 Solvent B
gradient unit 3 Solvent C
4 Solvent D

Solenoid valve Set

Selected mobile phase
type value

0 All channels are set to the A side.

Reservoir
1 Channel 1 is set to the B side.
select valve
2 Channel 2 is set to the B side.
(FCV-11AL)
3 Channel 3 is set to the B side.

The above settings can be combined in use.

Example: Set [SV]123 to set all 1, 2 and 3 channels to B side.

NOTE

Before setting [SV], select a solenoid valve unit by [FCV

TYPE].
"Selecting Flow Channel Valve Type [FCV TYPE]"
P. 5-23

LC-20AT 5-15
5. Application Operation

Setting EVENT Output Terminals [EVENT]

Sets the relays ON (close) / OFF(open) accessed by the
EVENT output terminals on the back of the instrument.
Enter the value and press . 0.000 EVENT ™0
0,1,2 or 12
Set value [EVENT1] output [EVENT2] output

0 Relay 1 OFF Relay 2 OFF

1 Relay 1 ON Relay 2 OFF

2 Relay 1 OFF Relay 2 ON

12 Relay 1 ON Relay 2 ON

Setting Fine Adjustment of Compressibility Compensation [COMP]

This instrument performs compressibility compensation
to minimize pulsation due to mobile phase
compressibility. The value set for this parameter is the 0.000 COMP ™.45
compressibility of the mobile phase used. This value is Input 0.00-3.00
utilized to fine-tune the compensation.
For low-pressure pumping, there is no particular need to
alter this parameter, but when a high-compressibility
mobile phase such as hexane or methanol is delivered at
high pressure of 20MPa or more, alter this parameter to
the compressibility of the mobile phase used.
The setting units are (GPa)-1. Enter the value using
numeric keypad, and press . The initial setting is
0.45.

Mobile phase Compressibility (GPa)-1

Water 0.45

Acetonitrile 1.20

Methanol 1.25

Hexane 1.60

5-16 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

Setting Low-Pressure Gradient Mode [LPGE MODE]

Sets a control mode in the low-pressure gradient mode.
Enter a set value using the numeric keypad and press
. 0.000 LPGE MODE™
"4.4 Low-Pressure Gradient Mode" P. 4-11 0:Auto 1,2,4:( c)
Set value Low-pressure gradient mode

Operation is automatically switched between 1-

and 4-cycle control mode, according to the flow
0 rate.
• Below 1.507mL/min : 2-cycle mode
• 1.508mL/min and over : 4-cycle mode

1 1-cycle mode

2 2-cycle mode

4 4-cycle mode
5
Setting Purge Time [P-TIMER]
Sets purge time.
Enter a time using the numeric keypad and press
. 0.000 P-TIMER ™3
Setting range is 1-20 (minutes) with 1 minutes step as Input 1 - 20 min
setting unit.

Setting Purge Flow Rate [P-FLOW]

Sets the flow rate during purging.
It is available to both purging by and auto-
purging by ststem controller. 0.000 P-FLOW™8.0
Enter a flow rate using the numeric keypad and press Input 0.1-10.0mL
.
Setting range is 0.1-10.0 (mL/min) with 0.1mL/min step
as setting unit.

LC-20AT 5-17
5. Application Operation

Setting Maximum Pressure Limit during Purging [P-PMAX]

Sets the maximum pressure limit during auto-purging by
system controller.
During purging by , the maximum pressure limit 0.000 P-PMAX™0.0
is 2.0MPa. Input 1 - 10 MPa
Enter a maximum pressure limit using the numeric
keypad and press .
"5.5 Control by CBM-20A or CBM-20Alite System
Controller" P. 5-56

Set Range Setting Steps

1.0 ∼ 10.0 MPa 0.1 MPa

10 ∼ 102 kgf/cm2 1 kgf/cm2

10 ∼ 100 bar 1 bar

142 ∼ 1451 psi 1 psi

1kgf/cm2 = 0.098MPa = 0.98bar = 14.2psi

5-18 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

5.2.4 File Operation Group

This is the group for file operation.

0.000 FILE
Enter to Select

File Number [FILE NUM]

This function selects a file.
Up to 10 files of time program can be created and stored
in memory. 0.000 FILE NUM ™
Enter the desired file number using the numeric keypad
[0-9] and press .
Select File 0-9
5
Copying a File [FILE CPY]
The contents of the file currently selected by [FILE NUM]
are copied to the selected file number.
Enter the file number and press . 0.000 FILE CPY ™
Input No. 0-9

Deleting a Time Program [FILE DEL]

The contents of the time program of the currently
selected file are deleted.
Press . 0.000 FILE DEL
Enter to Delete

LC-20AT 5-19
5. Application Operation

5.2.5 Control Settings Group

This is the group for control.

0.000 CONTROL
Enter to Select

Plunger Set [P-SET]

Manually moves the plungers to a safe position for seal
replacement or removal of pump heads.
Enter the desired value and press . 0.000 P-SET ™
Pump indicator illuminates and plunger moves. 0:Clear 1:Set
Set value Function

The left and right plungers move to where they

Pump indicator
1 are in the same position, and stop.
In this state, remove pump heads.

Zero Adjustment of Pressure Sensor [ZERO ADJ]

Clears the value of the pressure sensor to zero in
atmospheric pressure.
0.000 ZERO ADJ
Enter to ZeroAdj
1 Open the drain valve.
Pressure sensor is released from the pressure.

2 Press .

Switching Solvent Delivery Mode [MODE CHANG]

Switches constant flow solvent delivery mode or
constant pressure solvent delivery mode.
Press to switch between two solvent delivery 0.000 MODE CHANG
modes. Enter to Change

NOTE

Switch the delivery mode during pumping stopping.

When the delivery mode is changed during pumping, the
system may not run correctly.

5-20 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

5.2.6 System Settings Group

This is the group for system settings.

0.000 SYSTEM
Enter to Select

Selecting Local/Remote Mode [LOCAL]

Sets whether this instrument is operated by system
controller or the instrument operates independently
when system controller is connected. 0.000 LOCAL ™
Enter the desired value, and press . 0:Remote 1:Local
Set
value
Mode Function
5
Operate via system controller
0 Remote
(initial setting)

1 Local Operate independently (in local mode)

Setting Link Address [ADRS]

Sets the address (channel number) when this instrument
is connected to system controller.
Enter the address number, and press . 0.000 ADRS ™3
Input 1 - 12,85
Address Function

Channel numbers when this instrument is

1-12
connected to system controller.

For a case of high-pressure gradient mode, in

85 which two of this instruments are connected in
use.

Disables Key Entry [KEY CLOSE]

Press to prohibit the key entry.
After this, key operation is not available.
∗ To release this function, press while pressing 0.000 KEY CLOSE
. Enter to Close

LC-20AT 5-21
5. Application Operation

Setting Brightness of Display Screen [BRIGHT]

Sets the brightness of display screen.
Enter the set value and press .
Value range is 1 to 4 and 4 is the brightest. 0.000 BRIGHT ™
Enter 1 - 4

External Signal Functions for EVENT Output Terminals [EXT-S]

This feature is typically used to control external devices
through the EVENT outputs (relays 1 and 2).
Enter the desired value and press . 0.000 EXT-S ™
Input 0 - 3
Set value Function

Relay contact points are controlled by the

0
[EVENT] set value.

Relay 1 ([EVENT1] terminals) closes at the

1
start of a time program.

Relay 2 ([EVENT2] terminals) closes on

2
detection of an error.

3 Both functions of above 1 and 2 are enabled.

NOTE

The corresponding [EVENT] parameter will not be

available when [EXT-S] function is activated.

Setting System Control Parameter [SYS]

Sets system control parameters.
Enter the desired value and press .
0.000 SYS ™
Set value Function Set System Param
When used with this instrument operated
1
independently or by any other system.

When used as a master pump in high-pressure

2
gradient mode of two units.

4 In low-pressure gradient mode.

NOTE

Values other than above are invalid.

5-22 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

Setting System Protection [S-PROT]

Halves the flow rate repeatedly until pressure does not
exceed [P.MAX].
Enter the desired value and press . 0.000 S-PROT ™
0:Clear 1:Set
Set value Function

0 Cancels system protection.

1 Set system protection.

∗ To clear [ERROR P-MAX] error, press . It

turns the alarm off, and the flow rate will be increased
as before.

Selecting Flow Channel Valve Type [FCV TYPE]

Selects the type of flow control valve connected to the
[SOL.V] connector on the back of the instrument.
Enter the desired value and press . 0.000 FCV TYPE ™
5
0:10AL 1:11AL
Set value Valve unit

0 When low-pressure gradient unit is built-in

1 FCV-11AL

Selecting a Unit of Pressure [PRS-UNIT]

Sets the units by which the pressure is displayed.
Enter a set value and press .
0.000 PRS-UNIT ™
Set value Unit Set Press Unit
0 MPa

1 kgf/cm2

2 bar

3 psi

1kgf/cm2 = 0.098MPa = 0.98bar = 14.2psi

Setting Pressure Recorder Range [RANGE]

Sets the full scale of the pressure recorder output.
Enter the desired value and press .
0.000 RANGE ™0
Full scale = (Set value) × 5.0MPaFS RANGE*5.0MPa/FS

Examples:
• When set value is 1, the full scale is 5.0MPaFS.
• When set value is 10, the full scale is 50.0MPaFS.

LC-20AT 5-23
5. Application Operation

Switching Remote Connector internal/external [CBM LINK]

Sets the link destination of system controller.
Enter the desired value and press .
0.000 CBM LINK ™
Set value Function 0:Int 1:Ext
Link with CBM-20Alite (option) inside of the
0
instrument.

Link with external system controller by optical

1
cable connected to [REMOTE] connector.

Setting Operation of Buzzer [BEEP MODE]

Set the operation of buzzer.
Enter a set value and press .
0.000 BEEP MODE™
Set value Function 0:On 1:Alm 2:Off
Alarm sound when error occurs and key entry
0
sound are enabled. (default)

Only alarm sound when error occurs is

1
enabled. Key entry sound is disabled.

2 All sounds are disabled.

5.2.7 Monitor Settings Group

This is the group for monitor setting.

0.000 MONITOR
Enter to Select

Monitoring Program Elapsed Time [MON TIME]

Monitors the time elapsed from the start of the time
program.
Enter a set value and press . 0.000 MON TIME ™
0:Clear 1:Set
Set value Function

0 Clear this function

1 Set this function

5-24 LC-20AT
 5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions

If [1] is set, the initial screen will be as shown on the right

while the program is running. However, if other monitor
functions are set, this screen may not be displayed. 0.000mL T 1.00
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

Monitoring Flow Rate in Constant Pressure Solvent Delivery Mode [MON FLOW]
Monitors the flow rate in the constant pressure solvent
delivery mode.
Enter a set value and press . 0.000 MON FLOW ™
0:Clear 1:Set
Set value Function

0 Clear this function

1 Set this function

If [1] is set, the initial screen in constant pressure solvent

5
delivery mode will be as shown on the right. However, if
other monitor functions are set, this screen may not be 1.0MPa FLOW 1.0
displayed. 1.0MPa MIN 0.0

Monitoring ID for Remote Control [MON ID]

Monitors the ID (A, B, C or D) connected to a system
controller.
Enter a set value and press . 0.000 MON ID ™
0:Clear 1:Set
Set value Function

0 Clear this function

1 Set this function

If the ID is [A], the initial screen will be as shown on the

right.
0.000mL PUMP A
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

If the instrument is not connected to a system controller,

the initial screen will be as shown on the right.
0.000mL NO LINK
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

LC-20AT 5-25
5. Application Operation

Monitoring Flow Line of Solenoid Valve Unit [MON SV]

Monitors the flow line of the solenoid valve unit.
Enter the set value and press .
0.000 MON SV ™
Set value Function
0:Clear 1:Set
0 Clear this function

1 Set this function

If [1] is set, the initial screen will be as shown on the

right.
0.000mL MAX 10.0
NOTE 0.0MPa SV 1
This function is available also by low-pressure gradient
mode. However, the screen sometimes shows the
different flow line from the actual, because low-pressure
gradient system switches the flow line at very high
speed.

Monitoring Pump Revolution Counter [MON REV]

Monitors the total number of pump revolution counter.
Enter a set value and press .
0.000 MON REV ™
Set value Function 0:Clear 1:Set
0 Clear this function

1 Set this function

Monitoring the pump revolution counter provides an

indication of the timing to replace seals.
Approx. 3,750,000 times of revolution (approx. 3,000 0.000 R 10000
hours by 1mL/min) by running at 10MPa (102kgf/cm2) 0.0MPa MIN 0.0
with 2-propanol is the aim to replace seals.
If [1] is set, the initial screen will be as shown on the
right. However, if other monitor functions are set, this
screen may not be displayed.

Monitoring Vacuum Pressure in Degasser Unit [DEGAS PRS]

Monitors the pressure in the DGU-20A degasser unit.
• When the pressure value is standard, [(OK)] is
displayed. 0.000 DEGAS PRS
• When the pressure value is not standard, [(NG)] is - 93 kPa (OK)
displayed.
• When the DGU-20A degasser unit is not connected,
[(NOT CONNECTED)] is displayed.

5-26 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

5.3 VP Functions
VP functions support the validation of the instrument by check functions or displaying the instrument
information.
There are five groups for VP functions: Mobile Phase Monitor, Product Information, Maintenance Information,
Validation Support, and Calibration Support.

5.3.1 List of VP Functions

The VP functions are listed in the tables below.
"5.1.3 VP Function Screen" P. 5-8

Mobile Phase Monitor Group

Command Operation

Display/
Function

To monitor the remaining volume and set volume of mobile

Page
5
MOBILE PHASE∗1 P.5-31
Numeric keypad phase.

ALARM LEVEL Numeric keypad To set the alarm level of remaining mobile phase. P.5-31

∗1 Mobile phase monitor functions are available only for one type of liquid in standard mode. However, 4 types of liquide (liquide A-D) can
be available in low-pressure gradient mode.

Product Information Group

Command Operation Function Page

SERIAL NUMBER Display To show the serial number of the instrument P.5-32

S/W ID Display To show the version number of software P.5-32

∗ Operation in the table head shows the types of operation described below.
Display : Check the monitor.
: Press to activate the function.
Numeric keypad : Press - to enter a value and press to determine the value.

LC-20AT 5-27
5. Application Operation

Maintenance Information Group

Command Operation Function Page

To show the total cumulative operating time of the

TOTAL OP TIME Display P.5-32
instrument

To show the total volume of flow rate through left seal, and
L SEAL DELIVERED Display/ P.5-33
volume at a timing to replace a seal

To show the total volume of flow rate through right seal,

R SEAL DELIVERED Display/ P.5-33
and volume at a timing to replace a seal

PART REPLACEMENT Numeric keypad To record the replaced parts number P.5-33

MAINTENANCE LOG Display/ To show maintenance log P.5-33

ERROR LOG Display/ To show error log P.5-34

OPERATION LOG Display/ To show operation log P.5-34

Validation Support Group

Command Operation Function Page

Display/Numeric
DATE To show/set the date P.5-35
keypad

Display/Numeric
TIME To show/set the time P.5-35
keypad

MEMORY CHECK To run the memory check P.5-36

Numeric keypad/
PULSE CHECK To run the pulsation check P.5-36

FLOW CHECK To run the flow rate check P.5-37

To set the time program to check concentration accuracy

GE TEST PROGRAM Numeric keypad P.5-37
by gradient mode

LEAKAGE TEST To run the leakage check P.5-37

LEAK SENSOR TEST To run the leak sensor check P.5-38

∗ Operation in the table head shows the types of operation described below.
Display : Check the monitor.
: Press to activate the function.
Numeric keypad : Press - to enter a value and press to determine the value.

5-28 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

Calibration Support Group

Command Operation Function Page

Input PASSWORD∗1 Numeric keypad To input password P.5-39

FLOW COMP FACT Numeric keypad To enter the flow rate compensation factor (ALPHA) P.5-39

PRESS COMP FACT Numeric keypad To enter pressure sensor sensitivity compensation factor P.5-39

LEAK THR Numeric keypad To enter leak sensor operation level P.5-40

SEAL REPLACEMENT Numeric keypad To set the volume at which seals are replaced P.5-40

OP MODE Numeric keypad To select the operation mode P.5-40

INITIALIZE PARAM To initialize parameters P.5-40

CHANGE PASSWORD Numeric keypad To change password P.5-41

CBM PARAMETER To show/set CBM-20A(lite) parameters P.5-41

∗1 If the password is not input correctly, the functions after [FLOW COMP FACT] in the Calibration Support Group cannot be accessed,
even is pressed. 5
∗ Operation in the table head shows the types of operation described below.
Display : Check the monitor.
: Press to activate the function.
Numeric keypad : Press - to enter a value and press to determine the value.

LC-20AT 5-29
5. Application Operation

5.3.2 Displaying the VP Functions

1 Press .
The initial screen appears.
0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Press to select the desired Group.

MOBILE PHASE
Press func or VP

3 Press until the desired function appears.

∗ To return to the previous screen, press
.

MOBILE PHASE
0 / ™000 mL

4 Follow the further instructions of the selected

function.

5 To select a different VP Function Group, press

repeatedly.
To select the desired function, press or
.

6 To return to the initial screen, press .

5-30 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

5.3.3 Mobile Phase Monitor Group

This is the group for mobile phase monitor function.

MOBILE PHASE
Press func or VP

Showing/Setting Mobile Phase Volume [MOBILE PHASE]

Shows the current remaining volume ( ) and set
volume ( ) of mobile phase.
Enter the mobile phase set volume in mL and press MOBILE PHASE
. 0 / ™000 mL
Remaining volume is automatically calculated by
pumping. 5
1 2
Only one type of mobile phase is shown in standard
mode. However, 4 types of mobile phases (A-D) can be
shown in low-pressure gradient mode. MOBILE PHASE A
0 / ™000 mL

Setting Alarm Level of Remaining Mobile Phase [ALARM LEVEL]

Shows the warning indication when the remaining
volume of mobile phase is decreased less than the
setting value (%). ALARM LEVEL ™0%
The pumping will continue. Input 1-99,0:OFF

Input the value, and press . Warning screen

When 0% is registered, this function will be deactivated.

WARN : M.PHASE
Press CE Key

LC-20AT 5-31
5. Application Operation

5.3.4 Product Information Group

This group provides the information about the
instrument.
PRODUCT INFO
Press func or VP

Showing Serial Number [SERIAL NUMBER]

Shows the serial number of this instrument.

SERIAL NUMBER
L20110000000

Showing S/W Version No. [S/W ID]

Shows the name of software (same as the model name)
and version.
S/W ID: V*.**
LC-20AT

5.3.5 Maintenance Information Group

This group provides the maintenance-related
information.
MAINTENANCE
Press func or VP

Showing Total Operating Time [TOTAL OP TIME]

Shows the total operating time of this instrument.

TOTAL OP TIME
1(h)

5-32 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

Showing Timing to Replace Left Plunger Seal [L SEAL DELIVERED]

Shows the volume of mobile phase delivered through the
left plunger seal in use ( ), and the volume at which the
plunger seal should be replaced ( ). (Unit:L) L SEAL DELIVERED
After the seal is replaced, press to reset the ™ 0 / 180 L
value to [0]. The date will be recorded in the
maintenance log.

1 2
∗ The left plunger seal is [L], as viewed from the front of
the instrument.

Showing Timing to Replace Right Plunger Seal [R SEAL DELIVERED]

Shows the volume of mobile phase delivered through the
right plunger seal in use ( ), and the volume at which
R SEAL DELIVERED
5
the plunger seal should be replaced ( ). (Unit:L)
After the seal is replaced, press to reset the ™ 0 / 180 L
value to [0]. The date will be recorded in the
maintenance log.
1 2
∗ The right plunger seal is [R], as viewed from the front of
the instrument.

Entering Replaced Part No. [PART REPLACEMENT]

Enters the replaced part No.
The part No. is recorded in the maintenance log.
PART REPLACEMENT
P/N:™ - -

Showing Maintenance Log [MAINTENANCE LOG]

Shows the maintenance log, which contains the most
recent parts replacement records (part No. and date) (up
to 10). MAINTENANCE LOG
Press repeatedly to show Log1 to Log10 in Enter to Display
sequence, and return to the title screen.

In the example on the right, Log1 indicates that part No.

228-30000-91 was replaced on May 12, 2003.

If less than 10 logs are recorded, the screen displays the LOG 1 03-05-12
message as shown on the right. P/N:228-30000-91
Press to return to the title screen.

No more Logs

LC-20AT 5-33
5. Application Operation

Showing Error Log [ERROR LOG]

Shows the error log, which contains the most recent
errors (up to 10) with their dates.
Press repeatedly to show Log1 to Log10 in ERROR LOG
sequence, and return to the title screen. Enter to Display
In the example on the right, Log1 indicates that error on
maximum pressure limit occurred on May 12, 2003.

If less than 10 logs are recorded, the screen displays the

message as shown on the right. LOG 1 03-05-12
Press to return to the title screen. ERROR P-MAX

No more Logs

Showing Operation Log [OPERATION LOG]

Shows the operation log, which contains the most recent
password settings, parameter initialization, etc. (up to
10). OPERATION LOG
Press repeatedly to show Log1 to Log10 in Enter to Display
sequence, and return to the title screen.

In the example on the right, Log1 indicates that

password was changed on May 12, 2003.

If less than 10 logs are recorded, the screen displays the LOG 1 03-05-12
message as shown on the right. CHANGE PASSWORD
Press to return to the title screen.

No more Logs

5-34 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

5.3.6 Validation Support Group

This group checks whether the instrument is running
correctly.
VALIDATION
Press func or VP

Entering Date [DATE]

Shows/enters the date. Date
However, the value returns to the initial value [00-00-00]
after turning the power OFF.
When the instrument is controlled by a system controller, DATE YY-MM-DD
™0-00-00
the date is transmitted in connecting.
5
Example: Set January 2, 2003.

1 Enter year, month and day in 2 digits. Entered

Date YY-MM-DD
03-01-02
2 Press .

Entering Time [TIME]

Shows/enters the time. Time
However, the value returns to the initial value [00:00:00]
after turning the power OFF.
When the instrument is controlled by a system controller, TIME HH:MM:SS
the time is transmitted in connecting. ™0:00:00

Example: Setting 5:30:55 p.m.

1 Enter hour, minute and second in 2 digits.

The display uses the 24-hour clock.
Entered
TIME HH:MM:SS
17:30:55
2 Press .

LC-20AT 5-35
5. Application Operation

Checking Memory [MEMORY CHECK]

Runs the memory check on ROM and RAM.
Press to start.
Results are shown when checking is completed. MEMORY CHECK
Enter to Start

Result

MEMORY CHECK
ROM OK / RAM OK

Checking Pulsation [PULSE CHECK]

1 Set the criterion of pressure fluctuation width

(pulse).
The unit is MPa. PULSE CHECK
CRITERIA:™.30MPa
2 Press to start.
Pumping starts at 1mL/min and measuring starts
in ten minutes.
During measuring, set flow rate (or pressure
value), actual pressure value, pressure fluctuation
width and remaining time. PULSE CHECK
Results are shown when measuring is complete. Enter to Start

3 Press .
The date and results are recorded.
1.000 wait...
1.99min left
NOTE

When measuring, ensure that parameters for solvent

compressibility compensation are set correctly.
1.000 6.5 0.17
"Setting Fine Adjustment of Compressibility 0.99min left
Compensation [COMP]" P. 5-16

PULSE 0.17MPa OK
Enter to Memory

5-36 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

Checking Flow Rate [FLOW CHECK]

1 Press .
Pumping starts at 1mL/min. Prepare for
measuring. FLOW CHECK
Enter to Start
2 When the preparation for measuring is done,
press again to measure the required time
for flowing liquid to fill 5mL of measuring flask.

3 Enter the measured time in seconds.

Flow rate accuracy (%) and the check result are
Ready ?
Enter to Measure
shown.
The criterion is within ± 2%.

NOTE Measure the time

5
to collect 5mL.
At the measuring, ensure that the parameter for solvent
compressibility compensation are set correctly.

"Setting Fine Adjustment of Compressibility

Input Time(sec)
Compensation [COMP]" P. 5-16
300.0 + 0.00% OK

Setting Time Program to Check Concentration Accuracy of Gradient Mode [GE TEST
PROGRAM]
Enter a file number 0-9 of time program in which the
default gradient test program is to be copied. This file is
automatically loaded for execution. GE TEST PROGRAM
Copy to File ™
∗ The test program is the gradient time program
described in P.7-22.

Checking Leakage [LEAKAGE TEST]

1 Insert a plug into the pump outlet.

LEAKAGE TEST
2 Press during the pump stopped. Enter to Start

3 The pump will run, and stop when the pressure

reaches about 30MPa. Then, pressure
fluctuations will be monitored.
∗ If the pressure drops, there could be a leakage;
inspect the entire flow line.

LC-20AT 5-37
5. Application Operation

Checking Leak Sensor [LEAK SENSOR TEST]

Carries on the operation test for leak sensor.

1 Use a syringe filled with water to wet the

thermosensor at the bottom of the leak sensor.
LEAK SENSOR TEST
Soak and Enter

2 Wait about 10 seconds. Then, press .

If the sensor detects a leakage, [GOOD] will be
shown. If not, [NO GOOD] will be shown.

Leak sensor

Fig. 5.1

3 Press to clear the result.

If the result is [NO GOOD], adjust the detection
level with [LEAK THR] function in the Calibration LEAK SENSOR TEST
Support Group. SENSOR GOOD
"Setting Operation Level of Leak Sensor
[LEAK THR]" P. 5-40

NOTE

After wetting and testing the leak sensor, wipe away the
water on the leak tray completely.
"8.11 Wiping of Leak Tray" P. 8-28

5-38 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

5.3.7 Calibration Support Group

This group calibrates the instrument.

NOTE CALIBRATION
Press func or VP
The instrument is adjusted before leaving the factory. Do
not change values unnecessarily.

Inputting Password [Input PASSWORD]

Password should be registered by a system manager.
Input five numbers and press .
Input PASSWORD
∗ Be sure to input five numbers. The default password is ™
[00000].
If the password is input correctly, [FLOW COMP FACT]
function (subsequent function) appears. 5
If the password is not input correctly, [FLOW COMP
FACT] cannot be accessed.
Input PASSWORD
PASSWORD WRONG

Setting Flow Rate Compensation Parameter (ALPHA) [FLOW COMP FACT]

Enter the value and press .
Reset if the flow rate is not accurate.
To increase the flow rate, enter the surplus value FLOW COMP FACT
(additional flow rate to the original flow rate). To ™.00
decrease the flow rate, enter the value of which should
be decreased from the original value.
For example, to increase the parameter by 1.45%
(because the current flow rate is 1.45% lower than the
set rate) when the current setting value of the parameter
is 5, enter 5 + 1.45 = 6.45. This will increase the flow rate
by 1.45%.

Setting Pressure Sensor Sensitivity Compensation Factor [PRESS COMP FACT]

Enter the value and press .
Reset when the pressure sensor is replaced.
Enter the value as a multiple of 100 for PRS-1 (in [1:] ) PRESS COMP FACT
and PRS-5 (in [5:] )[XX.XX] shown in the data label of 1:™456 5:8535
the pressure sensor.

LC-20AT 5-39
5. Application Operation

Setting Operation Level of Leak Sensor [LEAK THR]

Sets the level at which the leak sensor is actuated.
Enter the level and press .
Use this function to reset the level when the sensor fails LEAK THR ™50
[LEAK SENSOR TEST]. ActLv 100 / 255

Setting Timing to replace Plunger Seal [SEAL REPLACEMENT]

Sets the timing to replace the plunger seal. (Unit:L)
Enter the set value by numeric keypad and press
. It is recommended to replace seals after SEAL REPLACEMENT
pumping 180L (equivalent to 3,000 hours at 1mL/min). ™ 180 L

Selecting Operation Mode [OP MODE]

Select the operation mode according to the type of
connected system controller.
Enter the number and press . OP MODE ™
0:20A 1:VP 2:10A
Set value System controller

0 CBM-20A/20Alite

1 SCL-10Avp

2 SCL-10A

Initializing Parameters [INITIALIZE PARAM]

Initializes the parameters and deletes the time programs.
Press to return to the default value and to
delete the time programs. INITIALIZE PARAM
Enter to Init

5-40 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

Changing Passwords [CHANGE PASSWORD]

1 Press .
Input screen appears.
CHANGE PASSWORD
Enter to Change

2 Input a new password and press

The password must consist of five digits.
.
Input PASSWORD
™

3 To confirm, input the same password again.

Input Again
5
™

4 When the new password is registered, Valid

[PASSWORD CHANGED] appears. Input Again
PASSWORD CHANGED
If not, [PASSWORD WRONG] appears. In this Not valid
case, the password newly entered is not Input Again
registered. PASSWORD WRONG

5 Press to return to the title screen.

Showing/Setting CBM Parameter [CBM PARAMETER]

Shows/sets parameters of CBM-20A/20Alite which
controls the instrument.
Press to move to the CBM parameter setting CBM PARAMETER
screen. Enter to Select
To select the desired function, press or
repeatedly.
To return to the title screen on the right, press .

NOTE

When the instrument is not connected with CBM-20A/

20Alite, or is set to local mode, the CBM parameter
setting screen will not appear, even is pressed.

LC-20AT 5-41
5. Application Operation

List of CBM Parameters

SERIAL NUMBER To show the serial No. of CBM

S/W ID To show the program version No. of CBM

INTERFACE To set the transmitting protocol to data processing unit

ETHERNET SPEED To set the transmitting speed of ethernet∗1

USE GATEWAY To set usage of default gateway∗1

IP ADDRESS To set IP address of CBM∗1

SUBNET MASK To set subnet mask∗1

DEFAULT GATEWAY To set default gateway∗1∗2

To select the communication destination when connecting to a LC workstation or a

TRS MODE
Chromatopac

∗1 Available only to show, when not allowed to change on CBM-20A/20Alite side.

∗2 Not available when [Default gateway] is not used.

NOTE

Each parameter is activated after CBM is restarted.

Refer to CBM-20A/20Alite instruction manual for details
of each parameter.

Showing Serial No. [SERIAL NUMBER]

Shows the serial No. of CBM which controls the
instrument.
SERIAL NUMBER
L20220000000

Showing S/W Version No. [S/W ID]

Shows the name of software and version No.of CBM
which controls the instrument.
S/W ID: V*.**
CBM-20Alite

5-42 LC-20AT
 5.3 VP Functions

Setting Transmitting Protocol to Data Processing Unit [INTERFACE]

Sets the transmitting protocol from CBM which controls
the instrument to data processing unit.
Enter the value by numeric keypad and press . INTERFACE ™
Set Value Transmitting Protocol 0:OPT 1:RS 2:ETH
0 To connect with optical cable

To connect with serial transmission

1
(RS-232C)

2 To connect with ethernet

Setting Transmitting Speed of Ethernet [ETHERNET SPEED]

Sets transmitting speed of CBM ethernet which controls
the instrument.
Enter the value by numeric keypad and press . ETHERNET SPEED ™
5
Set Value Transmitting Speed Input 0,1-4
0 Auto Detect

1 10Mbps, Half Duplex

2 10Mbps, Full Duplex

3 100Mbps, Half Duplex

4 100Mbps, Full Duplex

Setting Usage of Default Gateway [USE GATEWAY]

Sets usage of default gateway of CBM which controls
the instrument.
Enter the value and press . USE GATEWAY ™
Set Value Default Gateway
0:No 1:Yes
0 Use

1 Not use

Setting IP Address [IP ADDRESS]

Sets IP address of CBM which controls the instrument.
Enter the value and press .
IP ADDRESS
™92.168.1.250

LC-20AT 5-43
5. Application Operation

Setting Subnet Mask [SUBNET MASK]

Sets subnet mask of CBM which controls the instrument.
Enter the value by numeric keypad and press .
SUBNET MASK
™55.255.255.0

Setting Default Gateway [DEFAULT GATEWAY]

Sets default gateway of CBM which controls the
instrument.
Enter the value by numeric keypad and press . DEFAULT GATEWAY
™92.168.1.201

Setting Transmission Mode [TRS MODE]

Selects the communication destination when CBM is
connected to a LC workstation or a Chromatopac.
Enter the value by numeric keypad and press . TRS MODE ™3
Input 0,1-19
Set Value Remark

0 To connect in manual setting at CBM

2 To connect to CLASS-VP

3 To connect to LCsolution

11 To connect to C-R8A

12 To connect to C-R7A/C-R5A

13 To connect to C-R4A

To connect to C-R6A (without extended ROM

14
board)

To connect to C-R6A (with extended ROM

15
board)

NOTE

Value other than above are invalid.

5-44 LC-20AT
 5.4 Creating Time Program

5.4 Creating Time Program

Time programs can be used to execute commands (for flow rate, etc.) automatically at specified times during
operation. Time programs are stored under file numbers (there are 10 files available). Before writing a
program, check the file numbers already used. File numbers can be checked and specified using the [FILE
NUM] auxiliary function in P.5-19.

5.4.1 Time Program Command

The commands for the time program are listed below.

Command Description Setting Range Remark Page

To set flow rate Minimum setting

5
FLOW (Available only in constant flow solvent delivery 0 − 10.000mL/min unit: P.4-3
mode) 0.001mL/min

Minimum setting
• 1.0 ∼ 40.0 MPa units:
To set pressure
• 10 ∼ 408 kgf/cm2 0.1MPa
PRESS (Available only in constant pressure solvent P.4-7
• 10 ∼ 400 bar • 1kgf/cm2
delivery mode)
• 142 ∼ 5804 psi • 1bar
• 1psi

To set opening/closing of the solenoid valves of

the low-pressure gradient units or FCV-11AL (S) 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
SV Refer to ∗1 P.5-15
(Optional) 0 - 123 ∗1
(only active when [SYS]∗2 = 1 or 2)

To set ON/OFF for EVENT output (of relay One of 4 values

EVENT 0, 1, 2, 12 P.5-16
contacts at back of the instrument) (For details, P.5-16.)

0 - 255
Setting 0 will repeat Minimum setting
LOOP To repeat program P.5-54
the program 256 units: 1
times.

STOP To stop program N/A P.5-53

GOTO To switch to other programs (up to 10) 0-9 P.5-54

To specify concentration of mobile phase B Minimum setting P.4-9

BCNC 0 - 100% ∗3
(only active when [SYS]∗2 = 2 or 4) units: 0.1% P.4-11

To specify concentration of mobile phase C Minimum setting

CCNC 0 - 100% ∗3 P.4-11
(only active when [SYS]∗2 = 4) units: 0.1%

To specify concentration of mobile phase D Minimum setting

DCNC 0 - 100% ∗3 P.4-11
(only active when [SYS]∗2 = 4) units: 0.1%
∗1: If Low-Pressure Gradient unit is set for the [FCV TYPE] parameter, the setting range is 1, 2, 3, 4. If FCV-11AL (S) is set, the range is
0-123, using combinations of 0, 1, 2 & 3. "Selecting Flow Channel Valve Type [FCV TYPE]" P. 5-23
∗2: For details of the [SYS] (system parameter) auxiliary function, "Setting System Control Parameter [SYS]" P. 5-22
∗3: The total of the settings for [BCNC], [CCNC] and [DCNC] may not exceed 100%. That is: [BCNC] + [CCNC] + [DCNC] ≤ 100. The
concentration of mobile phase A will be the value substructed the total value of the other concentrations from 100(%), for example:
Concentration A = 100 - [(BCNC] + [CCNC] + [DCNC]). "5.4.5 Creating High-Pressure Gradient Programs" P. 5-51, "5.4.6
Creating Low-Pressure Gradient Programs" P. 5-52

LC-20AT 5-45
5. Application Operation

5.4.2 Description of Time Program Screen

To create a time program, access the edit screen as described below.

1 Press .
Initial screen appears.
0.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Press .
The screen appears as shown on the right.
Number of steps already created USED LEFT
Number of remaining steps 10 310
This example shows that 10 steps of time program
have been set, and that 310 steps remain.

1 2

3 Press .
Editing screen appears.
1 2 3

Elapsed time from program start (minutes)

Command
™IME FUNC VALUE
Set value
0.01 - 999.99min
For the following programming procedure, refer to
the "5.4.3 Time Program Creating Flow" P. 5-47

5-46 LC-20AT
 5.4 Creating Time Program

5.4.3 Time Program Creating Flow

In this section, the creating procedure of time programs are shown in the following flow diagrams.

Initial screen

0.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

Input the time

USED LEFT ™IME FUNC VALUE
0 320 0.01 - 999.99min

Press to select the command.

5.00 ™LOW
0.000 - 10.000mL
5
Input the Value (except for STOP)
5.00 FLOW ™ALUE
0.000 - 10.000mL

Input Stored
™5.00 FLOW 4.000
0.01 - 999.99min

Make settings for the next one.

∗The displayed screen is the one set
previously.

∗To return to the previous step, press .

LC-20AT 5-47
5. Application Operation

5.4.4 Creating Time Program

The following example gives the steps to create a time
program to change the flow rate automatically as shown
on the right. (initial flow rate : 1mL/min) Step 2 Step 3

Step TIME (min) FUNC VALUE (mL/min)

1 15.00 FLOW 2.000

Step 1
2 20.00 FLOW 5.000

3 30.00 STOP
Min.

Fig. 5.2

1 Press .
Initial screen appears.
1.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Press .
The number of steps already created and
remaining steps appear. USED LEFT
0 320

Time setting

3 Press .
The setting screen appears.
™IME FUNC VALUE
0.01 - 999.99min

Step 1

4 Press , and . Select of command

15.00 ™LOW
0.000 - 10.000mL

5-48 LC-20AT
 5.4 Creating Time Program

5 Press repeatedly until [FLOW] appears. Input the value of the command (Flow rate)

15.00 FLOW ™ALUE

0.000 - 10.000mL
6 Press .

7 Press and . Determination of step 1

™5.00 FLOW 2.000

0.01 - 999.99min

5
Step 2

8 Press
time.
, and to enter the Determination of step 2

Press to select [FLOW].

Press and to enter the flow rate. 20.00 FLOW 5.000
0.01 - 999.99min

Step 3

9 Press , and . Select of command

30.00 ™LOW
0.000 - 10.000mL

10 Press repeatedly until [STOP] appears. Determination of step 3

30.00 STOP
11 Press . 0.01 - 999.99min

LC-20AT 5-49
5. Application Operation

12 Press to complete creating program.

3-step time program has created.
USED LEFT
3 317

13 Press to save the time program.

Initial screen of step 1 appears.
USED LEFT
Saving ...

1.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

NOTE

When setting several steps, they are ordered

automatically in sequence.

5-50 LC-20AT
 5.4 Creating Time Program

5.4.5 Creating High-Pressure Gradient Programs

[BCNC] command of time programs can be used to specify particular concentration of mobile phase B (and
thereby concentration of mobile phase A also) at particular times during operation. Concentration of mobile
phase A is determined relative to concentration of mobile phase B as follows:

Concentration of Mobile phase A (%) = 100 (%) - Concentration of Mobile phase B [BCNC] (%)

The value of [BCNC] command can be set to any concentration between 0 and 100%.
Minimum setting unit is 0.1%.

Example of Setting [BCNC]

1 Enter the time program edit mode.

"5.4 Creating Time Program" P. 5-45

2 Enter the time. 5

3 Press repeatedly until [BCNC] appears. Time Mobile phase Concentration

4 Enter the concentration and press . 20.00 BCNC 100.0

0.01 - 999.99min

As an example of creating a high-pressure gradient

program, changing the concentration of mobile phase B
Conc. B (%)
is shown at right. (The initial value is 0.0%.)
100
Step TIME (min) FUNC VALUE (%)

20.00 BCNC 100.0

30.00 BCNC 100.0

30.01 BCNC 0.0

40.00 STOP
0 20 30 40 min

"5.4.4 Creating Time Program" P. 5-48 Fig. 5.3

LC-20AT 5-51
5. Application Operation

5.4.6 Creating Low-Pressure Gradient Programs

[BCNC], [CCNC] and [DCNC] commands of a time program can be used to change the concentrations of
mobile phases A, B, C and D at specified times.
The concentration of mobile phase A is determined as follows:

Mobile phase A% = 100 (%) - Mobile phase B% [BCNC] - Mobile phase C% [CCNC] - Mobile phase D%
[DCNC]

The values of [BCNC], [CCNC] and [DCNC] can be set to any value between 0 and 100%.
Minimum setting units: 0.1%.

Example of Setting [BCNC]

1 Enter the time program edit mode.

"5.4 Creating Time Program" P. 5-45

2 Enter the time. Time Mobile phase Concentration

3 Press repeatedly until [BCNC] appears.

∗ To set [CCNC] or [DCNC], press to
20.00 BCNC 100.0
0.01 - 999.99min
show [CCNC] or [DCNC].

4 Enter the concentration and press .

5.4.7 Deleting Steps

Call up the steps and press .
An example to delete the step 1 of the program set in "5.4.4 Creating Time Program" P. 5-48 is shown as
follows:

1 Show the step to be deleted.

To display the step, follow the same procedure as
creating the programs. ™5.00 FLOW 2.000
∗ To delete a subsequent step, press 0.01 - 999.99min
repeatedly until the step appears.

2 Press .
Step 1 will be deleted, and the subsequent step
appears. ™0.00 FLOW 5.000
0.01 - 999.99min

5-52 LC-20AT
 5.4 Creating Time Program

5.4.8 Starting and Stopping a Time Program

Starting a Time Program
To start a time program, proceed as follows: [prog.run] indicator
Press to start the time program.
[prog.run] indicator illuminates.

Stopping a Time Program

There are two ways to stop the time program:
• Press to stop the running program forcefully.
The [prog.run] indicator goes out.
• Insert [STOP] command of the program.
"Setting Stop Command of Time Program [STOP]"
P. 5-53
5

Fig. 5.4

5.4.9 Commands Used Only For Time Program

This section describes the commands used only for the time program.

Setting Stop Command of Time Program [STOP]

Sets the time when the time program will stop. Enter the
time in the last step of time program, and press
until [STOP] appears. Enter , [STOP] command 30.00 STOP
will be set. 0.01 - 999.99min
NOTE

In the following cases, do not set [STOP] command at

the end of the program.
Operating a time program endlessly.
Coupling on program files by the [GOTO] command.
"Switching File [GOTO]" P. 5-54

LC-20AT 5-53
5. Application Operation

Setting Loop Count of Time Program [LOOP]

[LOOP] function can register the loop count of time
program.
30.00 LOOP 3
0.01 - 999.99min

Set as right table for example. Step and will be

repeated three times in 30 minutes interval. Step TIME (min) FUNC VALUE (mL/min)

15.00 FLOW 2.000

20.00 FLOW 5.000

30.00 LOOP 3
NOTE

• After the time program is repeated as set for [LOOP], how the time program will automatically stop depends
on whether [GOTO] command following [LOOP] has been entered or not as follows.
With [GOTO] command:
Until the time set for [GOTO] command is reached, time program maintain the setting values when [LOOP]
is ended, and then the next time program starts.
Without [GOTO] command:
The time program will stop when [LOOP] has finished.

• Steps set after [LOOP] command will deactivate except for [GOTO] command.
• Value of [LOOP] command can be set to 255. When [0] is set, time program will be repeated 256 times.

Switching File [GOTO]

[GOTO] command switches the specified file. Enter the program No. to be switched to.
When [GOTO] command switches the file, the initial
screen of the file newly called up appears, and the
instrument waits in standby. However, the program can XX.XX GOTO ™ALUE
set to start automatically after [GOTO] command is Set File Num:0-9
completed. Follow steps 1 to 6 to set [GOTO] command
to start automatically.

1 Insert the event cable into the external input/

output terminal.
"5.7.2 Connection of Event Cable" P. 5-59

Event cable

Fig. 5.5

5-54 LC-20AT
 5.4 Creating Time Program

2 Add the following step to the original time

program.
1 2 3

Set a time earlier than [GOTO] command.

Show [EVENT].
XX.XX EVENT 0
Set [0].
0.01 - 999.99min

3 Press to complete the time program.

4 Change the file number into the one newly called

up.
"File Number [FILE NUM]" P. 5-19 0.000 FILE NUM ™
Select File 0-9

5
5 Set the EVENT output terminal of the newly called
up file specified in step 4 as [1].
"Setting EVENT Output Terminals [EVENT]" 0.000 EVENT 1
P. 5-16 0,1,2 or 12

6 Set the file number back to the original file

number.

LC-20AT 5-55
5. Application Operation

5.5 Control by CBM-20A or CBM-20Alite

System Controller

5.5.1 Preparation
To control the instrument by the CBM-20A or CBM-20Alite system controller, set the parameters as follows:

Command Set Value References

LOCAL 0 : Remote "Selecting Local/Remote Mode [LOCAL]" P. 5-21

ADRS Link address "Setting Link Address [ADRS]" P. 5-21

OP MODE 0 : 20A "Selecting Operation Mode [OP MODE]" P. 5-40

5.5.2 Basic Parameters

A max. of four pump units can be connected to a CBM-20A/20Alite. CBM-20A/20Alite can set flow rate
(pressure), maximum pressure limit, minimum pressure limit, solenoid valves, pumping ON/OFF, time
program, etc. and control binary high-pressure gradient, ternary high-pressure gradient and quaternary low-
pressure gradient. Also by combining the SIL-20A autosampler, auto purging function is available. Refer to
the CBM-20A/20Alite instruction manual.

5-56 LC-20AT
 5.6 Control by SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A System Controller

5.6 Control by SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A

System Controller

5.6.1 Preparation
To control the instrument by the SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A system controller, set the parameters as follows:

Command Set Value References

LOCAL 0 : Remote "Selecting Local/Remote Mode [LOCAL]" P. 5-21

ADRS Link address "Setting Link Address [ADRS]" P. 5-21

1 : VP ∗1
OP MODE "Selecting Operation Mode [OP MODE]" P. 5-40
2 : 10A∗2
∗1 To connect to SCL-10Avp : the instrument is recognized as LC-10ATvp.
∗2 To connect to SCL-10A : the instrument is recognized as LC-10AT.
5
5.6.2 Basic Parameters
A max.of three pump units can be connected to a SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A. SCL-10Avp/SCL-10A can set flow
rate (pressure), maximum pressure limit, minimum pressure limit, solenoid valves, pumping ON/OFF, time
program, etc. and control binary high-pressure gradient, ternary high-pressure gradient and quaternary low-
pressure gradient. Refer to the SCL-10Avp/SCL-10A instruction manual.

5.6.3 Attention
When the instrument is connected to a SCL-10Avp or SCL-10A, the instrument will work in compatibility mode
for LC-10ATvp or LC-10AT. In this case, the following applies.
1) Maximum limit of flow rate is 9.999mL/min.
2) Maximum value of [P.MAX] is 43.2MPa.
3) Only [0, 1, 4] can be set for [LPGE MODE]. However, the operation in [0] setting is slightly different from the
one of LC-10AT(vp).

10A(vp) compatibility mode

LPGE MODE LC-10AT(vp)
of this instrument

Mode is switched automatically depending on Mode is switched automatically depending on

flow rate. flow rate.
0
1.507mL/min and below : 2-cycle mode 1.507mL/min and below : 1-cycle mode
1.508mL/min and more : 4-cycle mode 1.508mL/min and more : 4-cycle mode

1 1-cycle mode 1-cycle mode

(2) (2-cycle mode) (No setting) - (No setting)

4 4-cycle mode 4-cycle mode

LC-20AT 5-57
5. Application Operation

5.7 Connection to External Input/Output

Terminals
The external input/output terminals are connected to a event output device or another external device with a
provided event cable.
Details of the terminal and wiring are described as follows.

WARNING
• Before connecting the cable, turn off the power and unplug the instrument.
• Use only the specified cable.
• Connect as specified.
Otherwise, fire, electric shock or malfunction may occur.

5.7.1 External Input/Output Terminals

Fig. 5.6

Signals Description Remark

EVENT1 [Event1/2] output terminals. To connect to relay and be turned ON/
OFF according to a time program or the [EVENT] value of auxiliary Contact rating: 30VDC/1A
EVENT2
function.
PUMP ON [PUMP ON] input terminal. To start pumping. These signals are
PUMP OFF [PUMP OFF] input terminal. To stop pumping. implemented by shorting
the appropriate wire pair
[START] input terminal. To start the time program.
between the input
START When a start signal is received while program is running, time program
command terminal and the
is restarted from time [0].
common terminal.
ERR IN Error input terminal. To detect error.
Duration of shorting (tc)
Common terminal for [PUMP ON], [PUMP OFF], [START], and [ERR should be as follows.
COM
IN]. 0.5 sec < tc < 10 sec.

5-58 LC-20AT
 5.7 Connection to External Input/Output Terminals

5.7.2 Connection of Event Cable

1 Peel the cable about 10mm.

It is not necessary for provided event cable.

peel 10mm

2 Insert the cable. Fig. 5.7

When the cable has the single core wire, just
insert the cable.
5
When the cable has the stranded wires, strand the
wires enough and insert with pressing the button
of the terminal.
When removing the cable, remove the cable by
pressing the button of the terminal.

NOTE

The instrument provides one event cable. When more than 2 cables are required, use the following cables.
• Cable with single wire : φ 0.4 to φ 1.2 (AWG26 to 16)
• Cable with stranded wire : 0.3mm2 to 1.25mm2 (AWG22 to 16), diameter of single wire thicker than φ 0.18.
The cable with stranded wire is suitable to prevent disconnection.

NOTE

If [EVENT1] or [EVENT2] signal is used, set [EVENT]

and [EXT-S] parameters.
"Setting EVENT Output Terminals [EVENT]" P. 5- 0.000 EVENT 1
16 0,1,2 or 12
"External Signal Functions for EVENT Output
Terminals [EXT-S]" P. 5-22

0.000 EXT-S 0
Input 0 - 3

LC-20AT 5-59
5. Application Operation

This page is intentionally left blank.

5-60 LC-20AT
 6 Troubleshooting
6
Contents

6.1 Troubleshooting and Corrective Action ............................................................ 6-2

6.2 Error Message.................................................................................................. 6-5
6. Troubleshooting

6.1 Troubleshooting and Corrective

Action
This section describes the probable causes of problems that can arise, and the corrective action to be taken
to eliminate the causes. For more detailed procedures, refer to the indicated page.
If the problem cannot be resolved even after taking the indicated measures, or if there are problems not
included in the following tables, contact your Shimadzu representative.

Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Action Page

Power does not turn Power plug is disconnected. • Connect plug correctly. P.9-5
ON even after
Power cord internal wires are • Replace with a new cord of the same type.
switching ON power. P.1-3
cut.

Power supply does not meet • Use power supply that meets specifications
specifications for this for this instrument. P.9-5
instrument.

Fuse is blown. • Replace the fuse. P.8-27

Key operation is not was not pressed. • Press .

P.2-7
possible. Operation keys are shown to operate.

No liquid is pumped. was not pressed. • Press .

P.4-6
(The instrument does (Pump indicator does not The pump indicator will illuminate.
not run.) illuminate.)
• Have the system controller send a signal to
∗1
start pumping.

Flow rate is set to [0]. • Set a flow rate other than 0. P.4-3

• Have the system controller set a flow rate. ∗1

Error message (P.MAX, P.MIN • Press to clear the message and make
P.6-5
etc.) appears. corrective action for errors.

The instrument is Air bubbles are generated inside • Press to purge out the bubbles.
running, but no liquid pump head. • Insert the disposable syringe into the drain P.3-7
is pumped. tubing outlet and draw out the bubbles.

Air bubbles are produced • Make sure that the filter bushing is tightly
through suction filter and pump fitted. P.9-13
inlet.

Check valve is not working • Push in 2-propanol etc. from the check valve
properly. inlet.∗2

∗1:Refer to the system controller instruction manual for details.

∗2:How to push in solvent
Unplug the suction tubing connected to the primary-inlet check valve. Attach the provided stop joint T to this unplugged suction tubing.
Connect the provided syringe tubing T to the check valve inlet and push in 2-propanol etc.
∗3:How to check clogging of filter
Take off the filter part of the suction filter and record a pressure waveform.
If the pressure waveform becomes ideal by taking off the filter, that suction filter is clogged.

6-2 LC-20AT
 6.1 Troubleshooting and Corrective Action

Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Action Page

Pumping is unstable, Air bubbles are generated inside • Press to purge out the bubbles.
with large pump pump head. • Insert the disposable syringe into the drain P.3-7
pulsation. tubing outlet and draw out the bubbles.

Previous mobile phase is still • Press , and thoroughly purge the old
remaining inside pump head. mobile phase.

Air bubbles are generated in • Press , and thoroughly purge the old
filter tubing. mobile phase.

• Shake the suction filter to drive out the

bubbles.

• If the suction filter is clogged, clean it in an

P.8-24
ultrasonic bath. Otherwise, replace it.∗3

• Degas the mobile phase. P.1-5

Check valve is not working • Push in 2-propanol etc. from the check valve
properly. inlet.∗2

• Pump 2-propanol to clean check valve. P.8-18

• If cleaning check valve is not effective, clean

the valve in an ultrasonic bath or replace it.
P.8-19 6
Liquid is leaking from gap • Replace the plunger seal. P.8-5
between pump head and head
• Replace the plunger seal. Otherwise, replace
holder, or from rinse flow lines. P.8-11
the plunger.

Liquid is leaking from flow line • Retighten the male nuts. Otherwise, replace
P.9-8
connection. the nuts and ferrules.

Flow line is (partially) clogged. • Clean the line filter in an ultrasonic bath or
P.8-22
replace it.

• Identify the clogged parts and replace it.

Plunger seals wear out too • Replace plunger.

P.8-11
quickly.

LC-20AT 6-3
6. Troubleshooting

Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Action Page

Flow rate is below set Check valve does not work • Pump 2-propanol to clean check valve. P.8-18
value. properly.
• Pump 2-propanol to clean check valve.
Otherwise, clean the valve in an ultrasonic P.8-19
bath or replace it.

Suction filter is clogged.∗3 • Clean Suction filter in an ultrasonic bath.

P.8-24
Otherwise, replace it.

Retention time cannot Check valve does not work • Pump 2-propanol to clean check valve. P.8-18
be reproduced. properly.
• If cleaning check valve is not effective,
replace the valve or clean it in an ultrasonic P.8-19
bath.

In a high-pressure Zero points of the pressure • Use [ZERO ADJ] auxiliary function to execute
gradient system, the sensors of two pump units are zero adjustment of the pressure sensors. P.5-20
two pump units show not the same.
different pressures.
Line filter of one of the pump • Clean the line filter in an ultrasonic bath, or
(Difference of up to P.8-22
units is clogged. replace it.
2.0MPa or 5% is
normal.) Flow line(s) is/are clogged at the • Identify the clogged lines and replace it.
junction of the two pump unit
flow lines.

Pressure does not Drain valve open. • Close drain valve. P.2-2
rise.
Liquid is leaking from flow line • Retighten the male nuts. Otherwise, replace
P.9-8
connections. the nuts and ferrules.

Pressure rises too Line filter is clogged. • Clean the line filter in an ultrasonic bath or
P.8-22
much. replace it.
(Remove the column
Flow lines are clogged. • Identify the clogged parts and replace them.
to check.)
Inner diameter of tubings is too • Use tubings with the specified inner diameter.
small.

∗3:How to check clogging of filter

Take off the filter part of the suction filter and record a pressure waveform.
If the pressure waveform improves by taking off the filter, that suction filter is clogged.

6-4 LC-20AT
 6.2 Error Message

6.2 Error Message

The instrument has several diagnostic functions. Upon detection of a problem, an alarm sounds and an error
message appears on the display panel.
The following list describes the error messages along with the causes and corrective actions.

NOTE

Each message is classified into the following three types.

The type is indicated under the type column. Error message

Fatal: The instrument stops operation.

Pressing will not clear the error ROM FAILURE
message.
Alarm: The instrument stops operation.
Press to clear the error message.
Warning: The instrument does not stop operation.
Press to clear the error message.

Error Message Type Cause and Action

6
ROM FAILURE Fatal Cause: ROM error (electric failure)
Action: Turn power OFF and contact your Shimadzu
(ROM error)
representative.

RAM FAILURE Fatal Cause: RAM error (electric failure)

Action: Turn power OFF and contact your Shimadzu
(RAM error)
representative.

ERROR OVER HEAT Fatal Cause: Interior temperature has risen to an abnormal
level.
(Overheating)
Action: Check to be sure that the internal fan can move,
and that the rear exhaust vent is not blocked. If
this message still appears, turn the power OFF
and contact your Shimadzu representative.

OUT OF MAXSTEPS Alarm Cause: More than 320 steps of time program have been
set.
(Max. number of steps exceeded)
Action: Delete unnecessary programs.
"5.4 Creating Time Program" P. 5-45

LC-20AT 6-5
6. Troubleshooting

Error Message Type Cause and Action

ERROR P-MAX Alarm Cause: Pump discharge pressure has exceeded the set
max. pressure limit, [P.MAX]. Pumping will
(Max. pressure limit error)
automatically stop, unless [S-PROT] function has
been activated, in which case pumping will
continue at half flow rate.
"Setting System Protection [S-PROT]" P. 5-
23
Action: Inspect the clogging in the flow line. If no clogging
is found, set the appropriate [P.MAX] value.
"4.1.3 Setting Maximum Pressure Limit" P. 4-
4

ERROR P-MIN Alarm Cause: Pump discharge pressure has fallen below the set
min. pressure limit, [P.MIN]. Pumping will
(Min. pressure limit error)
automatically stop.
Action: Inspect the leakage in the flow line. If no leakage
is found, set the appropriate [P.MIN] value. Note
that [P.MIN] function is not activated for first one
minute of pumping.
"4.1.4 Setting Minimum Pressure Limit" P. 4-5

ERROR HOME POS Alarm Cause: The motor home position cannot be detected, the
motor does not run, or the motor is slipping.
(Home position error)
Action: Turn the power OFF and ON again, and press
. If this message still appears, turn the
power OFF and contact your Shimadzu
representative.

OPEN DRAIN VALVE Alarm Cause: Pump discharge pressure has exceeded [P-
PMAX] during purging.
(Purge error)
Action: Open the drain valve before pressing .
If an error message appears during auto-purging
by system controller, inspect the clogging in the
flow line. If no clogging is found, set the
appropriate [P-FLOW] and [P-PMAX] value.
"Setting Purge Flow Rate [P-FLOW]" P. 5-17
"Setting Maximum Pressure Limit during
Purging [P-PMAX]" P. 5-18
"5.5 Control by CBM-20A or CBM-20Alite
System Controller" P. 5-56

ERROR LEAK Alarm Cause: Leak sensor has detected leakage.

Action: Inspect the leakage in the flow line. Wipe away
(Leak error)
any liquid around the leak sensor.

6-6 LC-20AT
 6.2 Error Message

Error Message Type Cause and Action

ERROR EXTERNAL Alarm Cause: An error signal was sent from the external device
connected to the external input/output terminal
(External equipment error)
[ERR IN].
Action: Inspect the external device, and eliminate the
cause of the error.

WARN : M.PHASE Warning Cause: The remaining volume of mobile phase is less
than the alarm level.
(Mobile phase alarm)
Action: Replace the mobile phase and reset the amount of
mobile phase.
"Showing/Setting Mobile Phase Volume
[MOBILE PHASE]" P. 5-31

WARN : DEGAS PRS Warning Cause: Vacuum pressure of degasser (DGU-20A)

connected to this instrument has been abnormal
(Degasser vacuum pressure error) for a certain time.
Action: Check the vacuum pressure of degasser. If the
vacuum pressure is [NG], turn the power OFF
once and turn it ON again.
If the vacuum pressure is [OK], it is of no matter,
6
for the degasser is returning to run automatically.
"Monitoring Vacuum Pressure in Degasser
Unit [DEGAS PRS]" P. 5-26

LC-20AT 6-7
6. Troubleshooting

This page is intentionally left blank.

6-8 LC-20AT
 7 Hardware Validation
7
This chapter provides instruction on hardware validation, which verifies the
performance of individual components and the instrument as a whole.

Contents

7.1 Overview of Hardware Validation ..................................................................... 7-2

7.2 Implementation of Hardware Validation ........................................................... 7-3
7.3 Validation Precautions...................................................................................... 7-4
7.4 Equipment Required for Validation................................................................... 7-5
7.5 Validation: Pump .............................................................................................. 7-7
7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System (For Gradient System) ............................ 7-20
7.7 System Validation........................................................................................... 7-28
7.8 If Validation Fails ............................................................................................ 7-36
7. Hardware Validation

7.1 Overview of Hardware Validation

7.1.1 Hardware Validation

Hardware validation examines whether the LC system runs correctly and the instrument is suitable for the
intended analysis. Validation is performed through LC system Installation, Operation and Performance
Qualifications followed by periodic inspections. The performance of the LC system deteriorates with age,
reflecting the wear of consumable parts. Hardware validation must therefore be performed periodically from
the time of installation until the system is retired. Although validation aspects related to analysis, such as
method validation and system suitability tests should also be performed, hardware validation is a prerequisite
for these items.

7.1.2 Types of Hardware Validation

A High Performance Liquid Chromatograph consists of several LC components such as pump(s),
autosampler, column oven, and detector(s). For this reason, hardware validation is divided into the inspection
of individual components and system validation as a whole.

Component Validation To inspect whether each LC component runs

correctly.
Hardware
Validation

System Validation To inspect items that cannot be inspected as a

single component and also inspect the entire
LC system for proper function.

The operational protocol and criteria for this component and the HPLC system are described in this chapter to
assist the user in conducting validation. Refer to each the instruction manual for each component for
operational protocol of that specific component.

7-2 LC-20AT
 7.2 Implementation of Hardware Validation

7.2 Implementation of Hardware

Validation

7.2.1 Periodic Validation

Component and system validation must be performed at installation and every 6-12 months, as the
performance of an LC instrument changes with age. It is also important to perform maintenance such as
replacement of consumables in advance of hardware validation.

7.2.2 Daily Inspection

Daily inspection of the components and HPLC system examine the condition of maintenance parts to ensure
a high level of analysis data reliability.
Items such as column deterioration and mobile phase adjustment are examined during system suitability
tests.

7.2.3 Validation After Maintenance

7
After any maintenace, component performance must be re-validated. The type of validation depends on the
actual work done.
If the maintenance inspection cannot be performed solely by the specific component validation, system
validation is required.

NOTE

Maintenance information and results of hardware validation must be recorded and kept for future reference.

LC-20AT 7-3
7. Hardware Validation

7.3 Validation Precautions

7.3.1 Environment
Instrument performance may be affected by abrupt changes in ambient temperature such as drafts from
heating and air conditioning vents.
The equipment should be installed in a room with minimal (< 2°C) temperature fluctuation and away from
sources of drafts and air currents.

7.3.2 Installation Site

The installation site is very important for ensuring correct validation. The site should satisfy the following
conditions:

WARNING
• Provide ample ventilation with no fire sources in vicinity
When flammable or toxic solvents are used as the mobile phase, the room must be properly ventilated.
When flammable solvents are used, open flame or other fire sources must be strictly prohibited.

CAUTION
• Avoid dust or corrosive gas
Avoid installing the instrument in places subject to excessive dust or corrosive gas since service life
and performance levels may be affected.
• Keep away from strong magnetic fields
Do not install the instrument near equipment that generates strong magnetic fields. If the power supply
line is subject to high electrical noise, use a commercially-available power surge protector.
• Provide adequate installation surface and space
The weight of LC-20AT is 11kg. During installation, consider the entire weight combined with other LC
components.
The lab table on which this instrument is installed should be strong enough to support the total weight
of the LC system. It should be level, stable and have depth of at least 600mm.
If these precautions are not followed, the instrument could tip over or fall off the table.
When components are installed side by side, maintain a keep space of at least 30 mm between the
components.
• Regulate room temperature and humidity
The room temperature should be between 4 and 35°C, with minimal temperature variations throughout
the course of a day. Humidity should be kept within 20-85%.
• Position instrument properly in the room
Install the instrument in a location that is free from vibration and away from sunlight, and heat/air
conditioning drafts.

7-4 LC-20AT
 7.4 Equipment Required for Validation

7.4 Equipment Required for Validation

The equipment and samples listed below are required for hardware validation. Prepare necessary equipment
and samples depending on the system configuration of the instrument.

Testing Equipment
A list of testing equipment required for hardware validation is shown below. A certificate ensuring traceability
or inspection results should accompany each item of testing equipment that is used.

Equipment Description

For inspection of the temperature setting accuracy for the column oven and the
autosampler's sample cooler.
Thermo recorder
The thermo recorder must be certified as having an accuracy rating of ±1.0°C for the
required temperature range (0°C to 50°C) at the time of inspection.

For inspection of the temperature accuracy for the column oven.

Resistance thermometer The resistance thermometer must have a testing accuracy of ±0.5°C for the required
temperature range (0°C to 50°C) at the time of inspection.

For inspection of the temperature accuracy for the column oven and autosampler's sample
cooler.
Thermocouple
The thermocouple must have a testing accuracy of ±0.6°C for the required temperature
range (0°C to 50°C) at the time of inspection.

DC voltage/current
For the hardware validation of the chromatopac.
The DC voltage/current generator must be certified as having an accuracy rating of
7
generator
±0.15% at the time of testing.

For inspection of the flow rate accuracy for the solvent delivery module.
Stopwatch
The stopwatch must be certified at 5'30" ±0.3sec at the time of inspection.

For inspection of the flow rate accuracy for the solvent delivery module.
Measuring flask
Obtain a 5mL-measuring flask.

For inspection of the injection volume accuracy for the autosampler.

Electronic balance The balance must be calibrated and able to perform measurement with a 0.001g precision
at the time of inspection.

LC-20AT 7-5
7. Hardware Validation

Standard Reagents for Validation

A list of standard reagents required for validation is shown below. The customer should prepare standard
reagents to the stated specifications.

Standard sample Part No. Description

For inspection of the absorbance linearity for the UV-VIS
Caffeine set spectrophotometric and photodiode array detectors.
228-45725-91
(5 concentrations) For also inspection of system reproducibility for a system equipped
with a UV-VIS spectrophotometric or photodiode array detector.
For inspection of system reproducibility for a system equipped with a
refractive index detector, inspection of autosampler carry-over, and
Caffeine (250mg/L) 228-45725-06
inspection of the gradient concentration accuracy for gradient
systems.
For inspection of system reproducibility for a system equipped with a
Naphthalene (60mg/L) 228-32996-01
spectrofluorometric detector.
Glycerol (0.872mg/L) 228-32996-05 For inspection of the span for the refractive index detector.

Hardware Testing Supplies

A list of supplies required for hardware validation is shown below. Note that items such as autosampler vials
or mobile phase solutions may be required in addition to the items listed.
Implement Part No. Description
I.D. 0.13mm × 2m + I.D. 0.8mm × 2m
Resistor tube 228-45726-91 For inspection of flow rate and gradient concentration accuracy for
solvent delivery module, etc.
For inspection of the absorbance linearity for the UV-VIS
046-00001
spectrophotometric and photodiode array detectors.
Syringe or
For also inspection of the span for the refractive index detector.
046-00038-01
This item is provided with detectors as a standard accessory.
Syringe adapter 228-15672-91 Same as above.
For each kind of inspection and in plumbing the detector.
Coupling 1.6C 228-16004-13
This item is provided with each component as a standard accessory.
Male nut, PEEK 228-18565 Same as above.
Plug 228-16006 For inspection of the drift/noise for the refractive index detector.
Low-pressure For inspection of the wavelength accuracy for the UV-VIS photodiode
200-38423
Hg (Mercury) lamp set array detector and the spectrofluorometric detector.
For inspection of the wavelength accuracy for the UV-VIS photodiode
228-34170-91
array detector.
Hg (Mercury) lamp holder
For inspection of the wavelength accuracy for the spectrofluorometric
228-34478-91
detector.
For inspection of the wavelength accuracy for the spectrofluorometric
PTFE block assembly 228-34319-91
detector.
Column Particle size: 5µm
Shim-pack VP-ODS 228-34937-91 Column Dimension: I.D. 4.6mm × length 150mm
or or (An equivalent ODS column may also be used.)
LUNA C18(2) 00F-4252-E0 For the system validation.

7-6 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

7.5 Validation: Pump

7.5.1 Check Terms

Check terms for the pump validation are listed below.

Check Term Description

7.5.2 ROM, RAM Self Diagnosis Checks whether the memory (ROM, RAM) functions correctly.

7.5.3 Firmware Version Check Checks the version of firmware.

7.5.4 Display, LED Test Checks the operation of display and LEDs.

7.5.5 Flow Rate’s Control Parameter Checks parameters to control the flow rate.

7.5.6 Pumping Stability Test Checks that the pump's pulse width does not exceed the rated value.

7.5.7 Pressure Limiter Test Checks the operation of pressure limiter.

7.5.8 Leak Sensor Test Checks the operation of leak sensor.

7.5.9 Flow Rate Accuracy Test Checks the flow rate accuracy by using a measuring flask.

Checks whether the valve switches correctly.

7.5.10 Solenoid Valve Test
(Only when the low-pressure gradient unit is connected.)

7.5.2 ROM, RAM Self Diagnosis 7

Objective
To check whether the memory (ROM, RAM) functions correctly.

Check Procedure

1 Turn the power switch ON.

2 Press
[VALIDATION].
four times to display

3 Press
CHECK].
three times to display [MEMORY

MEMORY CHECK
ROM OK / RAM OK
4 Press .
"Checking Memory [MEMORY CHECK]" P.
5-36

CHECK CRITERIA : [ROM OK / RAM OK] is displayed on the screen.

LC-20AT 7-7
7. Hardware Validation

7.5.3 Firmware Version Check

Objective
To check the version of firmware.

Check Procedure

1 Press two times on the initial screen.

[PRODUCT INFO] appears.

2 Press
number.
two times to display the version

"Showing S/W Version No. [S/W ID]" P. 5-32 S/W ID: V*.**
LC-20AT

CHECK CRITERIA : Version number appears.

The number is same as the administrated one.

7.5.4 Display, LED Test

Objective
To check the operation of display and LEDs.

Check Procedure

1 Turn the power switch ON.

2 Check that all the dots on the screen and LEDs on

the keypanel illuminate right after turning ON the
power. ™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™
™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™™

CHECK CRITERIA : All the dots and LEDs on the screen illuminate.

7-8 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

7.5.5 Flow Rate’s Control Parameter

Objective
To check parameters to control the flow rate.

Check Procedure

1 Press five times on the initial screen.

[CALIBRATION] appears.

2 Press
PASSWORD].
once to display [Input

Input PASSWORD
™

3 Enter the password as 5 digits and press

"Inputting Password [Input PASSWORD]" P.
.

5-39 FLOW COMP FACT

[FLOW COMP FACT] appears. 5.00
7
4 Make a note of the displayed value of [FLOW
COMP FACT] (ALPHA).
"Setting Flow Rate Compensation Parameter
(ALPHA) [FLOW COMP FACT]" P. 5-39

5 Press once.
Make a note of the displayed two values (1: [PRS-
1] and 5: [PRS-5]) of [PRESS COMP FACT] . PRESS COMP FACT
"Setting Pressure Sensor Sensitivity 1:1456 5:8535
Compensation Factor [PRESS COMP
FACT]" P. 5-39

CHECK CRITERIA : Parameters appear.

LC-20AT 7-9
7. Hardware Validation

7.5.6 Pumping Stability Test

Objective
To check that the pulse width does not exceed the rated value.

Items Required for Check

Item Description

Distilled water Degas thoroughly using ultrasonic waves or an aspirator.

Resistor tube

Check Procedure

1 Connect the resistor tube to the pump outlet

instead of HPLC column.

2 Fill the reservoir with distilled water to replace the

mobile phase in the flow line.

3 Press repeatedly until [PARAMETER]

appears and press .
Make note of this value.

1.000 COMP 1.20

4 Press
[COMP] appears.
or repeatedly until
Input 0.00-3.00
Make a note of the current value.

5 Press ⋅ ⋅
to set the value as[0.45].
⋅ ⋅

1.000 COMP 0.45

Input 0.00-3.00

6 Press
screen.
two times to return to the initial

7 Press
[VALIDATION].
four times to display

8 Press
CHECK].
four times to display [PULSE

7-10 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

9 Press ⋅ ⋅
set [CRITERIA] as [0.30MPa].
⋅ to

PULSE CHECK
10 Press .
The pump operates at 1mL/min and measurement
CRITERIA:0.30MPa

starts one minute later. The set flow rate, the

measured pressure, the pressure fluctuation, and
the remaining time are displayed during
measurement. After measurement, the measured
value and the pass/fail status for the pressure
fluctuation width are displayed.
"Checking Pulsation [PULSE CHECK]" P. 5- PULSE 0.17MPa OK
36 Enter to Memory

11 Press .
The result and date having measured will be
stored at the instrument memory.

CHECK CRITERIA :
The measurement result for pressure fluctuation width does not exceed 0.30MPa.

7
Resetting after Check

1 Press repeatedly until [PARAMETER]

appears, and press .

2 Press or
[COMP] appears.
repeatedly until

Make a note the current value.

3 Return the value to the one recorded in step 4.

LC-20AT 7-11
7. Hardware Validation

7.5.7 Pressure Limiter Test

Objective
To check that the pressure limiter operates properly at the upper and lower limits.

Items Required for Check

Item Description

Distilled water Must be thoroughly degassed using ultrasonic waves or an aspirator.

Resistor tube

Check Procedure

1 Connect the resistor tube to the pump outlet

instead of HPLC column.

2 Fill the reservoir with distilled water to replace the

mobile phase in the flow line.

3 Turn the power switch ON.

Initial screen appears.
2.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 2.0

4 Press to activate setting of the flow rate. Cursor (positioned to prompt input)

5 Press
[1mL/min].
and to set the flow rate to ™.000mL MAX 10.0
0.0MPa MIN 2.0

6 Press
[P.MAX].
two times to activate input of

7 Press ,
[20.0MPa] as [P.MAX].
and to set
1.000mL MAX ™0.0
0.0MPa MIN 2.0

7-12 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

8 Press
[P.MIN].
three times to activate input of

1.000mL MAX 20.0

9 Press
[P.MIN].
and to set [0.0MPa] as 0.0MPa MIN ™2.0

10 Press to start pumping for 1 minute.

∗ The pump indicator will illuminate while
pumping.
1.000mL MAX 20.0
∗ At this time, neither [ERROR P-MAX] nor
[ERROR P-MIN] should appear on the screen.
10.0MPa MIN 0.0
Observe the screen and verify that neither
appears.

Illuminates

11 While pumping, change [P.MAX] and [P.MIN] as

follows:
[P.MAX] = actual pressure + 1.0MPa.
[P.MIN] = actual pressure - 1.0MPa. 1.000mL MAX 11.0
∗ For example, when the actual pressure value is 10.0MPa MIN 9.0
[10.0MPa], set [11.0MPa] as [P.MAX] and
[9.0MPa] as [P.MIN].

7
12 Change the flow rate to [1.5mL/min], and observe
the pressure.
When the actual pressure exceeds the [P.MAX]
value set by step 11, [ERROR P-MAX] should ERROR P-MAX
appear. 11.1MPa MIN 9.0

13 Press to clear [ERROR P-MAX].

14 Reset the flow rate to [1mL/min], and press

again to restart pumping.
1.000mL MAX 11.0
10.0MPa MIN 9.0

15 When the pressure has stabilized, change the flow

rate to [0.5mL/min].
The actual pressure should fall below the [P.MIN] 0.500mL MAX 11.0
value set by step 11, and in several seconds, 5.0MPa MIN 9.0
[ERROR P-MIN] should appear.

LC-20AT 7-13
7. Hardware Validation

16 Press to clear [ERROR P-MIN].

ERROR P-MIN
5.0MPa MIN 9.0

CHECK CRITERIA : [ERROR P-MAX] and [ERROR P-MIN] appear.

7.5.8 Leak Sensor Test

Objective
To check the operation of leak sensor.

Check Procedure

1 Press four times on the initial screen.

[VALIDATION] appears.
LEAK SENSOR TEST
Soak and Enter
2 Press
TEST].
once to display [LEAK SENSOR

"Checking Leak Sensor [LEAK SENSOR

TEST]" P. 5-38

3 Use a syringe filled with water to wet the

thermosensor at the bottom of the leak sensor.

Leak sensor

Fig. 7.1

4 In about 10 seconds, press

test result.
to display the

LEAK SENSOR TEST

SENSOR GOOD

CHECK CRITERIA : [SENSOR GOOD] appears on the screen.

7-14 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

NOTE

After wetting and testing the leak sensor, wipe away the water on the leak tray completely.
"8.11 Wiping of Leak Tray" P. 8-28

7.5.9 Flow Rate Accuracy Test

Objective
To check the flow rate accuracy by using a measuring flask.

Items Required for Check

Item Description

Distilled water Degas thoroughly using ultrasonic waves or an aspirator.

Resistor tube

Measuring flask (capacity

5mL), or measuring Flask/cylinder must have been validated.
cylinder (capacity 10mL)

Stopwatch

Check Procedure
7
1 Connect the resistor tube to the pump outlet
instead of HPLC column.

2 Fill the reservoir with distilled water to replace the

mobile phase in the flow line.

3 Press on the initial screen to activate

setting of the flow rate.
Cursor (positioned to prompt input)

™.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

4 Press
[1mL/min].
and to set the flow rate to

1.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

LC-20AT 7-15
7. Hardware Validation

5 Press repeatedly until [PARAMETER]

appears and press .
Make note of this value

6 Press repeatedly until [COMP] appears.

Then, make a note of the current [COMP] value. 1.000 COMP ™.45
Input 0.00-3.00

7 Press ⋅ ⋅
to set [0.45] as [COMP].
⋅ and

1.000 COMP ™.45

Input 0.00-3.00

8 Press to pump for at least 5 minutes.

∗ During pumping, Pump indicator illuminates.

1.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

9 Press four times on the initial screen.

[VALIDATION] appears.
Illuminates

10 Press five times until [FLOW CHECK]

appears and press .
FLOW CHECK
Enter to Start

11 Press again when it is ready to measure.

Ready ?
Enter to Measure

7-16 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

12 Place the end of the tube into the flask or cylinder.

Then start measuring.
<For a measuring flask>
The inside of the flask must be completely dry.
1) Start the stopwatch as soon as the first drop of
water emerges from the end of the tube into the
flask.
2) Stop the stopwatch when the water is pooled
5mL
5mL.

Measuring flask

Fig. 7.2
< For a measuring cylinder>
1) Bring the end of the tube into contact with the
cylinder wall.
2) Determine a suitable water level inside the
cylinder at which to start measurement. Start the
stopwatch when the water reaches the
determined start level.
3) Stop the stopwatch when the water is pooled Measuring
5mL. cylinder

7
NOTE
Fig. 7.3
Make sure that the end of the tube remains above the
water in the graduated cylinder throughout the
measurement.

13 Enter the time having measured with the numeric

keypad and press .
The flow rate accuracy (%) and the pass/fail status Input Time(sec)
are displayed. 299.8 + 0.07% OK

CHECK CRITERIA : within ± 2.00%

LC-20AT 7-17
7. Hardware Validation

Resetting after Check

1 Press repeatedly until [PARAMETER]

appears. Then, press .

2 Press or
[COMP] appears.
repeatedly until

3 Return the value to the recorded value by step 6.

7.5.10 Solenoid Valve Test

Objective
To check whether the valve switches correctly. Carried out only when the low-pressure gradient unit is
connected.

Check Procedure

1 Press repeatedly until [SYSTEM]

appears and press .
1.000 SYS ™
Set System Param
2 Press
appears.
or repeatedly until [SYS]

Then, make a note of the current [SYS] value.

3 Press ⋅
mode as isocratic.
and set the pumping

4 Press
screen.
two times to return to the initial

5 Press
rate.
once to activate setting of the flow

1.000mL MAX 10.0

6 Press
[1mL/min].
⋅ to set the flow rate to 0.0MPa MIN 0.0

7-18 LC-20AT
 7.5 Validation: Pump

7 Press repeatedly until [PARAMETER]

appears and press .
[SV] appears. 1.000 SV ™
Select Port No.

8 Press ⋅ to set [SV] as [1].

9 Hold up all the suction tubings from the reservoir.

10 Press to start pumping.

Mobile phase A's suction tubing sucks air bubbles
approximately 10mm.

11 In the same way, change [SV] to 2, 3, and 4

respectively so that the suction tubings of mobile
phases B, C, and D suck air bubbles.

12 Check that the settings for [SV] correspond to the

valves that actually open by observing the
movement of the air bubbles.

7
CHECK CRITERIA : Valve switches correctly.

LC-20AT 7-19
7. Hardware Validation

7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System

(For Gradient System)

7.6.1 Gradient Concentration Accuracy Test for High-Pressure Gradient System

Objective
To check the gradient concentration accuracy for high-pressure gradient system.

Items Required for Check

Item Description
High-pressure gradient system Pumps, gradient mixer
UV detector SPD-10A, 10Avp, 20A series
Data processor Chromatopac, LC workstation or similar
Resistor tube
Distilled water
(How to prepare)
<When using Shimadzu's standard reagents for validation>
Mobile
Weigh 20mg of caffeine (250mg/L, Part No. 228-45725-06) and bring it to
phase∗
500mL volume with water.
500mL for Caffeine solution (10mg/L)
<In case of preparation by customer>
each
Weigh 20mg of anhydrous caffeine, transfer them to a 100mL measuring
flask and bring it to 100mL volume with water.
Then take 25mL of the solution, and add water to bring it to 500mL volume.

∗ Both mobile phases must be degassed using helium degasser or degasser unit.

Check Procedure

1 Connect the resistor tube between mixer outlet

(1.7mL) and detector.

2 As mobile phase, prepare distilled water for

mobile phase A, and caffeine solution for mobile
phase B (500mL each).

3 Degas the mobile phases.

4 Open the drain valve and press of pump

A and B to replace the flow lines of each pump.

7-20 LC-20AT
 7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System (For Gradient System)

5 Set the pumping condition as follows and press

to start pumping until the baseline of
detector stabilizes. 3.000mL MAX 30.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0
Total flow rate = 3mL/min
Concentration of mobile phase B = 50.0%

A: 50.0 B:™50.0

6 Set the parameters of the control device as follows

and pump until the baseline stabilizes.

• Pumping system Pumping mode B.GE

Flow rate 2.0mL/min
Concentration of mobile phase B 0.0%

7
• UV detector Wavelength 272nm
RESPONSE 3 (0.5sec)
AUX RANGE 2 (1.0AU/V)
• Data processor 1,024 mAU full scale (for Chromatopac, ATTEN=10)
(With LCsolution, the intensity axis is set automatically.)
Chart speed 5mm/min (for Chromatopac, SPEED=5)

7 Enter the time program given in the table below,

which will produce the operation pattern shown on
Conc B%

the right.
• If a system controller or LC workstation is used,
select time program from each menu, and
create the program.

• If control is local, create the time program on

pump.

Time (min.)

Fig. 7.4

LC-20AT 7-21
7. Hardware Validation

∗ The [GE TEST PROGRAM] of VP function can Time Program

copy the time program to a specified file TIME FUNC VALUE
automatically. 5.00 B.CONC 0.0
"Setting Time Program to Check
5.01 B.CONC 10.0
Concentration Accuracy of Gradient Mode
10.00 B.CONC 10.0
[GE TEST PROGRAM]" P. 5-37
10.01 B.CONC 50.0
15.00 B.CONC 50.0
15.01 B.CONC 90.0
20.00 B.CONC 90.0
20.01 B.CONC 100.0
25.00 B.CONC 100.0
25.01 B.CONC 0.0
30.00 STOP

For C-R8A/R7A/R4A
8 If a Chromatopac is used as the data processor,
create the BASIC programs given on the right,
LINE PROGRAM
10 LPRINT LEVEL(1);
which print the signal level at every 30 seconds
(according to the model). 20 WAIT 30
30 GOTO 10
40 END

For C-R3A/R6A
LINE PROGRAM
10 PRINT LEVEL;
20 WAIT 30
30 GOTO 10
40 END

For C-R5A
LINE PROGRAM
10 LPRINT LEVEL;
20 WAIT 30
30 GOTO 10
40 END

9 Zero the baseline, start plotting on the data

processor and continue with the gradient time
program.
If the Chromatopac is used as data processor, run
the BASIC program.

7-22 LC-20AT
 7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System (For Gradient System)

10 Record the absorbance levels at the following

concentrations, and use the data to calculate the
actual concentrations.

NOTE

Measure a signal level when the baseline stabilizes.

<Calculation method>

(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set

-
concentration of 10%) concentration of 0%)
Actual concentration of 10% = × 100
(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set
-
concentration of 100%) concentration of 0%)

(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set

-
concentration of 50%) concentration of 0%)
Actual concentration of 50% = × 100
(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set
-
concentration of 100%) concentration of 0%)

Actual concentration of 90% =

(Absorbance level at set
concentration of 90%)
-
(Absorbance level at set
concentration of 0%)
× 100
7
(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set
-
concentration of 100%) concentration of 0%)

11 If the high-pressure gradient system uses 3

liquids, replace mobile phase of B (pump B) with C
(pump C) and test as the same.

CHECK CRITERIA : Within ± 1.0% of set value

LC-20AT 7-23
7. Hardware Validation

7.6.2 Gradient Concentration Accuracy Test for Low-Pressure Gradient System

Objective
To check the gradient concentration accuracy for low-pressure gradient system.

Items Required for Check

Item Description

Low-pressure gradient system Pump, low-pressure gradient unit, gradient mixer

UV detector SPD-10A, 10Avp, 20A series

Data processor Chromatopac, LC workstation or similar

Resistor tube

A Distilled water

(How to prepare)
<When using Shimadzu's standard reagents for validation>
Mobile Weigh 20mg of caffeine (250mg/L, Part No. 228-45725-06) and
phase∗ bring it to 500mL volume with water.
500mL B,C,D Caffeine solution (10mg/L) <In case of preparation by customer>
for each Weigh 20mg of anhydrous caffeine, transfer them to a 100mL
measuring flask and bring it to100mL volume with water.
Then take 25mL of the solution, and add water to bring it to 500mL
volume.

∗ Both mobile phases must be degassed using helium degasser or degasser unit.

Check Procedure

1 Connect the resistor tube between mixer outlet

(1.7mL) and detector.

2 As mobile phase, prepare distilled water for

mobile phase A, and caffeine solution for mobile
phases B, C, and D (500mL each).

3 Degas the mobile phases and replace the four

flow lines with each mobile phase.

7-24 LC-20AT
 7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System (For Gradient System)

4 Set the conditions given below on the control

device. Then open the drain valve and run the
pumps for 5 minutes to clean the flow lines. 9.000mL MAX 30.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0
Flow rate = 9mL/min
Concentration of mobile phase B = 25.0%
Concentration of mobile phase C = 25.0%
Concentration of mobile phase D = 25.0%

A: 25.0 B:™25.0
C: 25.0 D: 25.0

5 Change the flow rate to 3.0mL/min, close the drain

valve, and run the pumps until the baseline
stabilizes. 3.000mL MAX 30.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

6 Set the parameters of the control device as follows

and pump until the baseline stabilizes.

• Pump system Pumping mode LP.GE

7
Flow rate 2.0mL/min
Concentration of mobile phase B 0.0%
Concentration of mobile phase C 0.0%
Concentration of mobile phase D 0.0%
• UV detector Wavelength 272nm
RESPONSE 3 (0.5sec)
AUX RANGE 2 (1.0AU/V)
• Data processor 1,024 mAU full scale (for chromatopac, ATTEN=10)
(With LCsolution, the intensity axis is set automatically.)
Chart speed 5mm/min (for chromatopac, SPEED=5)

7 Enter the time program given in the table below,

which will produce the operation pattern shown on
Conc. B%

the right.
• If a system controller or LC workstation is used,
select time program from each menu, and
create the program.

• If control is local, create the time program on

pump.

Time (min.)

Fig. 7.5

LC-20AT 7-25
7. Hardware Validation

∗ The [GE TEST PROGRAM] of VP function can Time Program

copy the time program to a specified file TIME FUNC VALUE
automatically. 5.00 B.CONC 0.0
"Setting Time Program to Check
5.01 B.CONC 10.0
Concentration Accuracy of Gradient Mode
10.00 B.CONC 10.0
[GE TEST PROGRAM]" P. 5-37
10.01 B.CONC 50.0
15.00 B.CONC 50.0
15.01 B.CONC 90.0
20.00 B.CONC 90.0
20.01 B.CONC 100.0
25.00 B.CONC 100.0
25.01 B.CONC 0.0
30.00 STOP

For C-R8A/R7A/R4A
8 If a Chromatopac is used as the data processor,
create the BASIC programs given on the right,
LINE PROGRAM
10 LPRINT LEVEL(1);
which print the signal level at every 30 seconds
(according to the model). 20 WAIT 30
30 GOTO 10
40 END

For C-R3A/R6A
LINE PROGRAM
10 PRINT LEVEL;
20 WAIT 30
30 GOTO 10
40 END

For C-R5A
LINE PROGRAM
10 LPRINT LEVEL;
20 WAIT 30
30 GOTO 10
40 END

9 Zero the baseline, start plotting on the data

processor and continue with the gradient time
program. If the Chromatopac is used as data
processor, run the BASIC program.

10 Record the absorbance levels at the following

concentrations, and use the data to calculate the
actual concentrations.

NOTE

Measure a signal level when the baseline stabilizes.

7-26 LC-20AT
 7.6 Validation: Gradient Pump System (For Gradient System)

<Calculation method>

(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set

-
concentration of 10%) concentration of 0%)
Actual concentration of 10% = ×100
(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set
-
concentration of 100%) concentration of 0%)

(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set

-
concentration of 50%) concentration of 0%)
Actual concentration of 50% = ×100
(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set
-
concentration of 100%) concentration of 0%)

(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set

-
concentration of 90%) concentration of 0%)
Actual concentration of 90% = ×100
(Absorbance level at set (Absorbance level at set
-
concentration of 100%) concentration of 0%)

11 Repeat the above check with a pair of mobile

7
phases A and C, also A and D.

CHECK CRITERIA : Within ± 1.0% of set value

LC-20AT 7-27
7. Hardware Validation

7.7 System Validation

• The LC system is comprised of many individual components. System validation is used to confirm the
function of each component as well as the performance of the entire system.
• The standard system validation procedure described in this section is used to determine whether the
LC system is functioning normally. This procedure constitutes the basis of the LC system capability
inspection.
• System validation is performed at installation, and periodically thereafter. If a problem occurs during
operation, system validation may be performed to determine whether the problem is in the LC system
or in the analysis method.
• If the LC system passes the system validation, it can be assumed that the LC system is normal and that
the problem lies in the particular analysis method or conditions being used.
• If the LC system does not pass the system validation, it may be assumed that there is an abnormality in
the system, and component validation must be performed to identify the malfunctioning component(s).

7.7.1 Validation of Isocratic LC system

Objective
An analysis is performed and the retention time and peak area are obtained for each peak. The data is then
examined to check for reproducibility. Reproducible data validates the system.
Generally, the system being validated consists of a minimum of the following components: pump, column
oven, autosampler, detector, system controller and data processor.

Items Required for Validation

Item Description

Mixture of water and methanol (3/2, v/v)

Mobile phase
∗Both the water (distilled) and the methanol should be HPLC grade.
Shim-pack VP-ODS (Part No. 228-34937-91), LUNA C18 (2) (Part No. 00F-4252-E0)
Column
or equivalent ODS column (Particle size 5µm, Column Dimension : I.D. 4.6mm × length 150mm)

20mg/L caffeine solution (included in Caffeine set (5 concentrations) Part No. 228-45725-91)
<Preparation>
Sample Weigh 20mg of anhydrous caffeine, transfer to a 100mL volumetric flask and dilute to volume with
water.
Transfer 1mL of the solution to a 10mL volumetric flask, and dilute to volume with water.

Water HPLC grade, or equivalent

2-propanol HPLC grade, or equivalent

7-28 LC-20AT
 7.7 System Validation

Checking and Preparing the LC system

1 Check all the wiring connections in the LC system.

Refer to individual component instruction manuals Detector
for details. If a Chromatopac is used, it should be
connected to the detector with the signal cable
connector provided with the Chromatopac, and
the signal cable should then be connected to the
integrator terminal of the detector.
∗ If the system normally uses Chromatopac or LC Autosampler
workstation, the connections used for regular
analysis will be satisfactory.

2
Coupling
Check the LC system plumbing. 1.6C
Ensure that the tubing between (a) the
autosampler outlet and the column inlet, (b) the
column outlet and the detector inlet, has an I.D. of
less than 0.3mm, and is shorter than 300mm.
Keep the liquid volume that is not in the column as
low as possible.
Fig. 7.6

3 Clean the system flow lines using one of the

procedures described below. Detector 7
Before cleaning the flow lines, remove the column
from the system, and connect the column inlet to
the column outlet with a coupling 1.6C ("Fig. 7.6").

<For a new system>

Clean the flow lines first with 2-propanol, then with Autosampler
water. In each case, pass the liquid through the Tubing
flow lines for 10 minutes, at a rate of 2mL/min.

<For a system in use that uses a mobile phase

Column
with a low dielectric constant, such as
hexane>
The procedure is the same as that of a new
system, given above. Tubing

<For a system that has been using a mixture of Fig. 7.7

a water solution and an organic solvent as
mobile phase, or water plus an organic solvent
miscible with water (methanol, acetonitrile,
etc.)>
Clean the flow lines with water. Pass water
through the flow lines for 10 minutes, at a rate of
2mL/min.

LC-20AT 7-29
7. Hardware Validation

4 When cleaning is finished, pour mobile phase

(mixture of water and methanol (3/2, (v/v)) into the
reservoir, and reconnect the column with the LC
system ("Fig. 7.7").

Validation Procedure

1 Set the pumping flow rate to 1mL/min.

See the pump’s instruction manual for setting
Pump’s display screen

procedures.
1.000mL MAX 20.0
0.0MPa MIN 0.0

2 Set the column oven temperature to 40°C.

See the column oven’s instruction manual for
Column oven’s display screen

setting procedures.
SET TEMP 40
Input 4 - 85

3 Press on the pump keypad, and oven

on the column oven keypad. Pumping and
temperature regulation will start.
Verify that liquid flows through the detector outlet
tubing, and that there are no leaks from any of the
connections.

4 Set the detector parameters.

"Parameter Settings for Isocratic System
Detector’s display screen

Validation" P. 7-31
See the detector’s instruction manual for setting 272nm 0.000 AU
procedures. D2 1.0000AUFS

5 Set the autosampler parameters.

"Parameter Settings for Isocratic System
Validation" P. 7-31
See the autosampler’s instruction manual for
setting procedures.

6 Set the data processor parameters.

"Parameter Settings for Isocratic System
Validation" P. 7-31
See the data processor's instruction manual for
setting procedures.

7-30 LC-20AT
 7.7 System Validation

7 Monitor the baseline.

When the baseline has stabilized, press the
detector zero key, then inject 10µL of mobile
phase, and verify that no peaks are observed.

8 Inject 10µL of the test standard six times, and

analyze the data obtained.
RSD(C.V.)=(SD/X) × 100
n
SD = Σ(Xi−X)2
i =1

9 From the peak data obtained from the six
analyses, derive the relative standard deviation
n−1
X = (X1 + X2 •••• Xn − 1 + Xn)/n
(coefficient of variation (C.V.)) for: retention time n : Number of analyses
and peak area ("Fig. 7.8"). X1••Xn : Retention time (or areas) of each peak
X : Average
SD : Standard deviation
RSD : Relative standard deviation
C.V. : Coefficient of variation

Fig. 7.8
Parameter Settings for Isocratic System Validation
The parameters to be set for the various devices when validation analysis of an isocratic system is performed
are given below.

• Pump ........................... Flow rate : 1mL/min

P.Max
• Column oven ............... Oven temperature
: 20.0MPa
: 40°C 7
• Time program .............. 5.00 STOP
• autosampler................. RINSE VOLUME : 200µL
RINSE SPEED : 35µL/s
SAMPLING SPEED : 15µL/s
RINSE MODE : 0 (No needle rinsing)
• Detector ....................... Wavelength : 272nm
AUX RNG : 2 (1AU/V)
RESPONSE : 3 (0.5s)
• Data processor ............ WIDTH :5
DRIFT :0
T.DBL : 1000
ATTEN : 10 (1,024mAUFS)
SLOPE : 1000
MIN.AREA : 100000
STOP.TM :5

CHECK CRITERIA
The RSD (C.V.)'s obtained must satisfy the following criteria:
Retention time RSD must not exceed 0.5%.
Peak area RSD must not exceed 1.0%.

LC-20AT 7-31
7. Hardware Validation

7.7.2 Validation of Gradient LC System

Objective
An analysis is performed and the retention time and peak area are obtained for each peak. The data is then
examined to check for repeatability. Reproducible data validates the system.
Generally, the system being validated consists of a minimum of the following components: pump, column
oven, autosampler, detector, system controller and data processor.

Items Required for Validation

Item Description

A: Distilled water
B: Methanol
Mobile phases
A /B =60%/40%
∗Both the water (distilled) and the methanol should be HPLC grade.
Shim-pack VP-ODS (Part No. 228-34937-91), LUNA C18 (2) (Part No. 00F-4252-E0) or
Column
equivalent ODS column (Particle size 5µm, Column Dimension : I.D. 4.6mm × length 150mm)

20mg/L caffeine solution (included in Caffeine set (5 concentrations) Part No. 228-45725-91)
< Preparation >
Sample Weigh 20mg of anhydrous caffeine, transfer to a 100mL volumetric flask and dilute to volume
with water.
Transfer 1mL of the solution to a 10mL volumetric flask, and dilute to volume with water.

Water HPLC grade, or equivalent

2-propanol HPLC grade, or equivalent

Checking and Preparing the LC System

1 Check all the wiring connections in the LC system.

Refer to individual component instruction manuals Detector
for details. If a Chromatopac is used, it should be
connected to the detector with the signal cable
connector provided with the Chromatopac, and
the signal cable should then be connected to the
integrator terminal of the detector.
Autosampler
∗ If the system normally uses Chromatopac or LC
workstation, the connections used for regular
analysis will be satisfactory.

2
Coupling
Check the LC system plumbing.
1.6C
Ensure that the tubing between (a) the
autosampler outlet and the column inlet, (b) the
column outlet and the detector inlet, has an I.D. of
less than 0.3mm, and is shorter than 300mm.
Keep the liquid volume that is not in the column as
low as possible.
Fig. 7.9

7-32 LC-20AT
 7.7 System Validation

3 Clean the system flow lines using one of the

procedures described below. Detector
Before cleaning the flow lines, remove the column
from the system, and connect the column inlet to
the column outlet with a coupling 1.6C ("Fig. 7.9").

<For a new system>

Clean the flow lines first with 2-propanol, then with Autosampler

water. In each case, pass the liquid through the Tubing

flow lines for 10 minutes, at a rate of 2mL/min.

<For a system in use that uses a mobile phase

Column
with a low dielectric constant, such as
hexane>
The procedure is the same as that of a new
system, given above. Tubing

<For a system that has been using a mixture of Fig. 7.10

a water solution and an organic solvent as
mobile phase, or water plus an organic solvent
miscible with water (methanol, acetonitrile,
etc.)>
Clean the flow lines with water. Pass water
through the flow lines for 10 minutes, at a rate of
7
2mL/min.

4 When cleaning is finished, pour mobile phase (A:

water, B: methanol) into the reservoir, and
reconnect the column with the LC system ("Fig.
7.10").

Validation Procedure
Pump’s display screen

1 Set the pumping flow rate to 1mL/min, and set the

concentration of mobile phase B parameter to
40%. 1.000mL MAX 20.0
See the pump's instruction manual for setting 0.0MPa MIN 0.0
procedures.

A: 60.0 B:™ 40.0

C: 0.0 D: 0.0

LC-20AT 7-33
7. Hardware Validation

2 Set the column oven temperature to 40°C.

See the column oven's instruction manual for
Column oven’s display screen

setting procedures.
SET TEMP 40
Input 4 - 85

3 Press on the pump panel, and oven

on the column oven panel. Pumping and
temperature regulation will start.
Verify that liquid flows through the detector outlet
tubing, and that there are no leaks from any of the
connections.

4 Set the detector parameters.

"Parameter Settings for Gradient System
Detector’s display screen

Validation" P. 7-35
See the detector's instruction manual for setting
272nm 0.000 AU
procedures. D2 1.0000AUFS

5 Set the autosampler parameters.

"Parameter Settings for Isocratic System
Validation" P. 7-31
See the autosampler 's instruction manual for
setting procedures.

6 Set the data processor parameters.

"Parameter Settings for Gradient System
Validation" P. 7-35
See the data processor’s instruction manual for
setting procedures.

7 Monitor the baseline.

When the baseline has stabilized, press the
detector zero key. Then inject 10µL of mobile
phase and verify that no peaks are observed the
second time.

8 Inject 10µL of the test sample six times, and

analyze the data obtained.
RSD(C.V.)=(SD/X) × 100
n
SD = Σ(Xi−X)2
i =1

9 From the peak data obtained from the six
analyses, derive the relative standard deviation
n−1
X = (X1 + X2 •••• Xn − 1 + Xn)/n
(coefficient of variation (C.V.)) for: retention time n : Number of analyses
X1••Xn : Retention time (or areas) of each peak
and peak area ("Fig. 7.11").
X : Average
SD : Standard deviation
RSD : Relative standard deviation
C.V. : Coefficient of variation

Fig. 7.11

7-34 LC-20AT
 7.7 System Validation

Parameter Settings for Gradient System Validation

The parameters to be set for the various devices when validation analysis of a gradient system is performed
are given below.

• Pump ........................... Flow rate : 1mL/min

B.CONC : 40%
P.Max : 20.0MPa
• Column oven ............... Oven temperature : 40°C
• Time program .............. 5.00 STOP
• autosampler................. RINSE VOLUME : 200µL
RINSE SPEED : 35µL/s
SAMPLING SPEED : 15µL/s
RINSE MODE : 0 (No needle rinsing)
• Detector ....................... Wavelength : 272nm
AUX RNG : 2 (1AU/V)
RESPONSE : 3 (0.5s)
• Data processor ............ WIDTH :5
DRIFT :0
T.DBL : 1000
ATTEN
SLOPE
: 10 (1,024mAUFS)
: 1000
7
MIN.AREA : 100000
STOP.TM :5

CHECK CRITERIA
The RSD (C.V.)'s obtained must satisfy the following criteria:
Retention time RSD must not exceed 0.5%.
Peak area RSD must not exceed 1.0%.

LC-20AT 7-35
7. Hardware Validation

7.8 If Validation Fails

Should the system fail to satisfy any of the system validation check criteria, or should a component fail to
satisfy any of the component validation check criteria, proceed as follows.

• Check whether any consumable items have reached the end of their service life:
The cause of failure to satisfy check criteria could be a consumable part that is no longer usable. Check
consumable parts and replace them if necessary.

• Perform troubleshooting:
It is possible that some minor problem (such as air bubbles) has caused the system to fail the criteria.
Perform troubleshooting to check for such problems, and take action to eliminate any problems found.
For troubleshooting procedures for individual system components, see the applicable instruction
manuals.

• If a cause cannot be determined, contact your Shimadzu representative:

If you are unable to determine the cause of the failure, or if you are unclear about troubleshooting or
corrective action procedures, contact your Shimadzu representative.

7-36 LC-20AT
 8 Maintenance
8
Contents

8.1 Periodic Inspection and Maintenance .............................................................. 8-2

8.2 Replacement of Plunger Seal .......................................................................... 8-5
8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement) of Plungers..................................... 8-11
8.4 Replacement of Rinse Flow Line Seal ........................................................... 8-16
8.5 Cleaning of Check Valves .............................................................................. 8-18
8.6 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Check Valves .... 8-19
8.7 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Line Filter.......... 8-22
8.8 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Suction Filter..... 8-24
8.9 Replacement of Drain Valve ASSY ................................................................ 8-25
8.10 Replacement of Fuse ..................................................................................... 8-27
8.11 Wiping of Leak Tray ....................................................................................... 8-28
8.12 Exterior Cleaning............................................................................................ 8-29
8. Maintenance

8.1 Periodic Inspection and Maintenance

It is necessary to perform periodic inspections of this instrument to ensure its safe use.
It is possible to have these periodic inspections performed by Shimadzu service representatives on a
contractual basis.
For information regarding the maintenance inspection contract, contact your Shimadzu representative.

WARNING
• Unless the instructions here specified, turn off the power always and unplug the instrument prior to
performing inspections and maintenance. Otherwise, fire, electric shock or malfunction may occur.

CAUTION
• When replacing parts, use only the parts listed in "1.3Component Parts" and "9.3Maintenance Parts".
If any other parts are used, injury or malfunction may occur.
• Never remove the main cover. Otherwise, injury or malfunction may occur.
Contact your Shimadzu representative to remove the main cover.

8.1.1 Prior to Inspection and Maintenance

• Replace the mobile phase in the flow lines with water.
• Wipe away any dirt from the front panel and the main cover.
• Wipe away any dirt from the keypad with tissue paper or a soft cloth moistened with water.

8-2 LC-20AT
 8.1 Periodic Inspection and Maintenance

8.1.2 List of Periodic Inspection and Maintenance

CAUTION
The replacement and maintenance periods listed in this table are presented only as guidelines. These are
not guarantee periods. These will vary depending on usage conditions.

6 1 2 3
Inspection/Maintenance Item Remark Page
months year years years
• Sealing efficiency decreases when
seals are worn.
• Replace when the plunger is replaced.
• As a guideline, seals should be replaced
Replacement of plunger seal × after delivery of 180L when 2-propanol P.8-5
is pumped at pressure of 10MPa
(102kgf/cm2).
(VP function, [L(R) SEAL DELIVERED],
shows the cumulative pumping volume.)
Cleaning and inspection
× P.8-11
(replacement) of Plunger
Replacement of rinse flow line • Sealing efficiency decreases when
× P.8-16
seal seals are worn.
Inspection (replacement) and
ultrasonic bath cleaning of ×
inlet check valve
Inspection (replacement) and
ultrasonic bath cleaning of ×
P.8-19
8
primary-inlet check valve
Inspection (replacement) and • Particulates in mobile phase clog the
× P.8-22
cleaning of line filter filter in prolonged use.
Inspection (replacement) and • Particulates in mobile phase clog the
× P.8-24
cleaning of suction filter filter in prolonged use.
• Sealing efficiency decreases when the
Replacement of drain valve × P.8-25
drain valves are worn.
Pump ASSY lubrication × • Contact your Shimadzu representative. -
Fuse replacement × P.8-27

LC-20AT 8-3
8. Maintenance

Drain valve Rinse flow line seal

To increase sealing efficiency of To seal the rinse flow line.
drain valve, protecting the flow line.

Plunger
To pump the mobile phase.
Plunger surfaces may be damaged by foreign
matter from the mobile phase or by buffer
solution crystals.

Fuse

Plunger seal
To increase sealing efficiency to keep
Primary-inlet check valve the constant pumping
pressure.
Line filter
To filter particulates from the
mobile phase in order to Inlet check valve
protect the column.
Suction filter
To filter particulates from the
mobile phase to eliminate.

Fig. 8.1

8.1.3 Check after Inspection and Maintenance

After inspection and maintenance, check any leakage during pumping.
"6.1 Troubleshooting and Corrective Action" P. 6-2

8-4 LC-20AT
 8.2 Replacement of Plunger Seal

8.2 Replacement of Plunger Seal

Plunger seals are mounted inside both (right and left) pump heads. The procedure given below is for
replacement of the seal inside the right pump head (as viewed from the front of the instrument).

Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Plunger seal Consumable part 228-35145

Spacer S Consumable part 228-42700

8.2.1 Before Removing Pump Head

To prevent bending the plunger, follow the procedure
below to retract the plunger completely.

1 Turn the power switch ON.

Initial screen appears.
Initial screen

0.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

8
2 Press repeatedly until [CONTROL]
appears, and press .
[P-SET] display
Cursor blinks
[P-SET] appears on the screen and the cursor
blinks in the [P-SET] input field, prompting input.
0.000 P-SET ™
0:Clear 1:Set

3 Press and .
The pump indicator illuminates for a short while,
then goes out. When it goes out, the right and left
plungers move approximately to the same 0.000 P-SET 1
position. 0:Clear 1:Set
"Plunger Set [P-SET]" P. 5-20

4 Press two times. Pump indicator illuminates.

Initial screen appears.

LC-20AT 8-5
8. Maintenance

5 In order to prevent liquid from flowing out of the

end of the tubing when plumbing is removed, take
one of the following precautions:
• Place the reservoir lower than the pump inlet.
• Empty the reservoir and suction tubing of all
mobile phase, and unscrew and remove the
filter bushing from the pump inlet.

8.2.2 Removing Pump Head

1 Using a provided 8×10 wrench, unscrew the male

nuts from the ends of the upper and lower SUS SUS tubing
tubing, and remove the upper and lower SUS
tubing.

SUS tubing
Bush

NOTE Fig. 8.2

Remove the lower male nut from the right pump head
with provided 8×10 wrench by holding the inlet check
valve.
Remove the bush of primary-inlet check valve with your
hand.

Wrench 8×10
Hold

Fig. 8.3

2 Using the provided Allen wrench, alternately

loosen the two hex socket head bolts in the pump
head and remove.

Allen wrench Hex socket head bolt

Fig. 8.4

8-6 LC-20AT
 8.2 Replacement of Plunger Seal

3 Remove the pump head.

CAUTION
Plunger
Ease the pump head out gently, keeping it aligned
with the plunger at all times. If it is pulled out
forcefully, the plunger could be bent.

Pump head

Fig. 8.5

8.2.3 Replacing Plunger Seal

Plunger seals are mounted inside the pump head.
To remove the plunger seal, use the provided seal
installer/remover.

1 Insert the seal installer/remover (flanged end) into

the plunger seal.
Inside of pump head

Seal
installer/
remover
Flanged end
Plunger
seal
8
Spacer S

Fig. 8.6

2 Pull on the seal installer/remover.

The plunger seal will be removed of the pump
head. Plunger seal
Spacer S is attached to the edge of the seal. (Spacer S)

CAUTION Plunger seal hole

Inside the plunger seal hole in the pump head there

is a resin seal cap. When removing the seal, take
care that this cap does not come out along with the
seal. When it does, clean it with 2-propanol and
return it to its original place.

Fig. 8.7

LC-20AT 8-7
8. Maintenance

CAUTION
After removing the seal, wipe the plunger head inner
side and plunger seal outlet with clean gauze soaked
in 2-propanol.
If seal material adheres to these surfaces, the
sealing efficiency of the plunger cannot be
maintained.

3 Attach the spacer S to the edge of the seal.

In this step, be careful not to make any scar on the Inside outside
inside and outside of the seal.

Spacer S

Fig. 8.8

4 Insert the seal installer/remover (Straight end) into

the new plunger seal.

5 Insert the new plunger seal vertically into the

pump head. Then pull the installer/remover out of
Straight end
New plunger seal

the seal.
After installation, check if the seal has been
straight inserted all the way in the pump head.

Fig. 8.9

8-8 LC-20AT
 8.2 Replacement of Plunger Seal

8.2.4 Installing Pump Head

1 Align the groove in the side of the pump head with

the head holder pin, and mount the pump head
onto the head holder so that the pin slides into the
groove.

Pin
CAUTION
Groove
Ease the pump head in gently, keeping it aligned with
the plunger at all times. If it is pushed in forcefully, Plunger
the plunger could be bent. Pump head

Fig. 8.10

2 Place the two hex socket head bolts into the holes
in the pump head, and screw them in alternately
and uniformly with provided Allen wrench.

NOTE

Screw the bolts in alternately 90°. At the end, tighten the

bolts securely with the Allen wrench.

Hex socket head bolts

8
Allen wrench

Fig. 8.11

3 Screw the male nuts on the ends of the upper and

lower SUS tubing into the pump head. SUS tubing

4 Return the reservoir or the suction filter bushing to

its original position.
SUS tubing

Fig. 8.12

LC-20AT 8-9
8. Maintenance

8.2.5 Check after Replacement

After replacing a plunger seal, check the following:
• Pumping (pressure value) is stable.
• There is no leakage from the gap between the pump head and the head holder.
• There is no leakage from the rinse flow line.

NOTE

When the phenomena above happen even after replacement of the plunger seals, the surfaces of the plunger
may be scratched or nicked, in which case the plunger must be replaced.
"8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement) of Plungers" P. 8-11

8-10 LC-20AT
 8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement) of Plungers

8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement)

of Plungers
A plunger is mounted inside both (left and right) pump chambers. The procedure given below is for cleaning,
inspecting, and replacing of the plunger inside the right pump chamber (as viewed from the front of the
instrument).

Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Plunger Replacement part 228-35009-93

8.3.1 Removing Pump Head and Seal Holder ASSY

1 Remove the pump head.

"8.2.1 Before Removing Pump Head" P. 8-5,
"8.2.2 Removing Pump Head" P. 8-6

Plunger

Pump head 8
Fig. 8.13

2 Disconnect the rinse tubing.

Rinse flow line tubing

Fig. 8.14

LC-20AT 8-11
8. Maintenance

3 Pull and remove the seal holder ASSY.

CAUTION
Ease the seal holder ASSY out gently, keeping it
aligned with the plunger at all times. If it is pulled out Plunger

forcefully, the plunger could be bent.

Seal holder ASSY

Fig. 8.15

When the Seal Holder ASSY is difficult to remove

1 Screw the hex socket head bolts provided with

plunger tools to the seal holder ASSY.
Hex socket head
bolt
Rinse flow line
Seal holder ASSY
NOTE
Hex socket
Screw the hex socket head bolts of the plunger tools by head bolt
Seal
hand to pass to the rinse flow line. holder
ASSY
Plunger tool
Rinse flow
line

Fig. 8.16

2 Screw the 2 hex socket head bolts removed from

the pump head to the M4 bolt holes in the plunger
tool by the Allen wrench. Pressing the head holder
with 2 hex socket bolts, remove the seal holder
ASSY.

Head holder
Allen wrench

Pump head mounting

bolt (M4)

Fig. 8.17

8-12 LC-20AT
 8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement) of Plungers

8.3.2 Cleaning and Inspecting (Replacing) of Plungers

1 Using the provided plunger tool, rotate the plunger

holder counterclockwise, and remove it.

CAUTION
When inserting the plunger tool into the plunger Plunger
holder, be careful not to bend the plunger.

Plunger tool

Fig. 8.18

2 Wipe any seal material with clean gauze soaked in

2-propanol.
Seal material will interfere the sealing efficiency.

Clean/Inspect

Plunger

8
Fig. 8.19

3 Visually inspect the plunger for any scratches or

nicks.
If any scratches are found, replace the plunger.

CAUTION
Plunger surfaces may be damaged by foreign matter
(from the mobile phase) or buffer solution crystals
inside the head holder.

LC-20AT 8-13
8. Maintenance

8.3.3 Re-Installing after Inspection

1 Holding the plunger by finger, insert it into the

pump chamber.

2 Use the plunger tool to tighten the plunger.

Plunger
Plunger tool

Fig. 8.20

3 Wipe the plunger again with gauze soaked in 2-

propanol.

4 Insert the seal holder ASSY into the head holder.

CAUTION
Ease the seal holder in gently, keeping them
horizontal and aligned with the plunger at all times. If Plunger
it is pushed in forcefully, the plunger could be bent.

Seal holder ASSY

5 Set the pumping flow rate to 0.5mL/min.

"4.1.2 Setting Flow Rate" P. 4-3
Fig. 8.21

Push hard the seal holder ASSY onto the head

holder with your fingers so that it doesn't float and
press to fit in the plunger by reciprocating
it three times.
Then set the "P-SET" parameter to "1" to move
the right and left plungers to the same position
again.
"8.2.1 Before Removing Pump Head" P. 8-5,
"8.2.2 Removing Pump Head" P. 8-6

8-14 LC-20AT
 8.3 Cleaning and Inspection (Replacement) of Plungers

6 Reinstall the pump head and plumbing.

"8.2.4 Installing Pump Head" P. 8-9

Hex socket
Allen wrench head bolt

Fig. 8.22

LC-20AT 8-15
8. Maintenance

8.4 Replacement of Rinse Flow Line Seal

A rinse flow line seal is mounted in both (left and right) head holders. The procedure given below is for
replacement of the rinse flow line seal of the right head holder (as viewed from the front of the instrument).

Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Rinse flow line seal Replacement part 228-35935

8.4.1 Removing Pump Head and Seal Holder ASSY

1 Remove the pump head and seal holder ASSY.

"8.3.1 Removing Pump Head and Seal
Holder ASSY" P. 8-11

Plunger

Seal holder ASSY

Fig. 8.23

8.4.2 Replacing Rinse Flow Line Seal

The rinse flow line seal is mounted in a seal holder.

1 Remove the screws of seal holder ASSY and

remove the rinse flow line seal.
Seal holder
Back up ring

CAUTION Screw (two)

Wipe the inside of the seal holder and back up ring

with clean gauze soaked in 2-propanol.
O-ring
If seal material adheres to these surfaces, the
sealing efficiency cannot be maintained. Rinse flow line seal

2 Replace the rinse flow line seal, and mount the

seal holder ASSY as it was.
Fig. 8.24

When back up ring and/or O-ring is/are worn or

damaged, replace them also.

8-16 LC-20AT
 8.4 Replacement of Rinse Flow Line Seal

8.4.3 Re-Installing after Replacement

1 Insert the seal holder ASSY into the head holder.

CAUTION
Ease the seal holder ASSY in gently, keeping
Plunger
horizontal and aligned with the plunger at all times.
If they are pushed in forcefully, the plunger could be
bent.
Seal holder ASSY

2 Set the pumping flow rate to 0.5mL/min.

"4.1.2 Setting Flow Rate" P. 4-3
Fig. 8.25

Push hard the seal holder ASSY onto the head

holder with your fingers so that it doesn't float and
press to fit in the plunger by reciprocating
it three times.
Then set the "P-SET" parameter to "1" to move
the right and left plungers to the same position
again.
"8.2.1 Before Removing Pump Head" P. 8-5,
"8.2.2 Removing Pump Head" P. 8-6

3 Reinstallation of the pump head and plumbing. 8

"8.2.4 Installing Pump Head" P. 8-9

Hex socket head bolt

Allen wrench

Fig. 8.26

LC-20AT 8-17
8. Maintenance

8.5 Cleaning of Check Valves

The check valves are cleaned by pumping 2-propanol through the flow lines.
The procedure is described below.

1 Replace the mobile phase in the reservoir with 2-

propanol.
Detector end

Male nut

2 Put the suction filter into the reservoir filled with

the 2-propanol.

Resistor tube

3 Unscrew the male nuts from both ends of the

column, and remove the column from the flow line. Male nut

4 Screw the male nuts from the column into the

ends of a resistor tube (0.1mm I.D. × 2m length).

5 Turn the power switch ON.

Initial screen will appear. Male nut Male nut

Autosampler / Manual Injector end

Fig. 8.27

6 Press once.
The cursor blinks in the flow rate display field,
Flow rate setting screen
Cursor blinks
prompting input of the flow rate.

™.000mL MAX 30.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

7 Press
flow rate.
and to set [2.000] for the

8 Press .
Pumping of 2-propanol will begin at a rate of 2mL/
2.000mL MAX 30.0
min, and the pump indicator will illuminate. 20.0MPa MIN 0.0
Pump for at least 1 hour.

Pump indicator illuminates

8-18 LC-20AT
 8.6 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Check Valves

8.6 Inspection (Replacement) and

Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Check
Valves
Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Primary-inlet check valve ASSY Replacement part 228-45704-92

Inlet check valve ASSY Replacement part 228-45704-91

NOTE

In order to prevent mobile phase from flowing out of the suction tubing or pump head when plumbing is
disconnected from the pump, take one of the following precautions:
• Place the reservoir lower than the pump inlet.
• Empty the reservoir and tubing of all mobile phase, and unscrew and remove the filter bushing from the
pump inlet.

1 Hold the inlet check valve using the provided

wrench

8
2 Unscrew the male nuts on both ends of the upper
SUS tubing using another wrench, and remove
the upper SUS tubing.
Wrench 8×10 Hold

Fig. 8.28

3 Unscrew the filter bushing from the primary-inlet

check valve.

Primary-inlet
check valve

Bushing

Fig. 8.29

LC-20AT 8-19
8. Maintenance

4 Unscrew to remove the primary-inlet check valve

applying the provided 13×17 wrench and the inlet
Pump head
check valve applying the provided 8×10 wrench.

CAUTION
Do not disassemble the check valves for any reason.
If they are disassembled, their performance may be Primary-inlet
affected. check valve

Inlet check valve

Fig. 8.30

5 Put the primary-inlet and inlet check valves in a

2-propanol bath, and clean in an ultrasonic bath
for 5 minutes.

6 Screw the primary-inlet and inlet check valves

back into the pump head, and tighten with the
open-ended wrench.

7 Replace the upper SUS tubing, the filter bushing,

the suction filter and the reservoir to their original
positions.

8 Plug the instrument and turn the power switch ON.

Initial screen appears.

9 To open the drain valve, turn the drain valve knob

180° counterclockwise.

Open

Drain valve

Fig. 8.31

8-20 LC-20AT
 8.6 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Check Valves

10 Press once
The cursor blinks in the [flow] display field,
Flow rate setting screen
Cursor blinks
prompting input of the flow rate.

™.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

11 Press
[flow].
and to set [2.000] for the

2.000mL MAX 10.0

0.0MPa MIN 0.0

12 Press .
The pump indicator illuminates, and liquid flows
from the drain tubing. Pump indicator illuminates
If liquid flows continuously, the check valves are
functioning normally.
If the liquid does not flow continuously from the
drain tubing, the check valves must be replaced.

LC-20AT 8-21
8. Maintenance

8.7 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic

Bath Cleaning of Line Filter
Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Frit Consumable part 228-32744

1 Hold the line filter by the provided wrench.

8×10 Wrench

Hold
2 Unscrew the male nuts on the end of the SUS
tubing using another wrench, and remove the
SUS tubing. SUS tubing

8×10 Wrench

Fig. 8.32

3 Using the wrench, unscrew and remove the line

filter.
Line filter hole

Drain valve
4 Wipe any dirt from the line filter hole with a cotton
swab.

Line filter

Fig. 8.33

5 Put the line filter in a bath of 2-propanol, and clean

with an ultrasonic bath for 5 minutes.

6 Screw the line filter back into the line filter Drain valve

opening, and tighten it with the open-ended

wrench.
Line filter

Male nut

Fig. 8.34

8-22 LC-20AT
 8.7 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic Bath Cleaning of Line Filter

7 Screw the male nut on the SUS tubing back into

the line filter, and tighten the nut with the open-
ended wrench.

8 Turn the power switch ON.

Initial screen appears.

9 In a no load state, pump water at a rate of 1mL/

min.
• If the pressure displayed does not exceed 1.000mL MAX 10.0
0.3MPa, the line filter is functioning normally. 0.3MPa MIN 0.0
• If the pressure displayed exceeds 0.3MPa, the
frit must be replaced.

Filter is normal if this value is 0.3MPa or under.

Replacing Frit

1 Remove the line filter.

Perform steps 1 through 3 of the procedure in
P.8-22

2 Remove the frit on the end of the line filter body

using nippers.

Nippers

Frit
8

Fig. 8.35

3 Put a new frit into the line filter body.

New frit

Filter body

Fig. 8.36

4 Reinstall the line filter.

Perform steps 6 and 7 of the procedure in
P.8-22

LC-20AT 8-23
8. Maintenance

8.8 Inspection (Replacement) and Ultrasonic

Bath Cleaning of Suction Filter
Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Suction filter Consumable part 228-43342-91

1 Pull the suction filter out of the suction tubing.

Suction tubing

2 Clean the suction filter in a bath of 2-propanol, in

an ultrasonic cleaning device for 5 minutes.

Suction filter

Fig. 8.37

3 Insert the suction tubing into the suction filter.

4 Turn the power switch ON.

The initial screen appears on the display.

5 Pump water at 1mL/min for 10 minutes.

6 Check that air bubbles do not accumulate inside

the solvent tubing.
If they do, the tubing must be replaced.

8-24 LC-20AT
 8.9 Replacement of Drain Valve ASSY

8.9 Replacement of Drain Valve ASSY

Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

Drain valve ASSY Replacement part 228-45574-92

1 Unscrew the drain valve ASSY by turning

counterclockwise. And pull it in straight line.

NOTE

Confirm that there are no alien substance in the hole.

Drain valve ASSY

Fig. 8.38

2 Wet the seal of the new drain valve ASSY by

using the 2-propanol, and insert it into the hole of
the housing in a straight line.

8
NOTE

If the drain valve assy is inserted slantwise and

forcefully, the seal can deform. As a result, the sealing of
the seal cannot be maintained.

Seal

Fig. 8.39

3 Screw the new drain valve ASSY as far as it will

go to close.

Fig. 8.40

LC-20AT 8-25
8. Maintenance

4 Screw the knob to the drain valve ASSY and insert

the cap into the knob, while the kob position is
vertical.

Cap
Screw
Knob

Fig. 8.41

8-26 LC-20AT
 8.10 Replacement of Fuse

8.10 Replacement of Fuse

WARNING
• Before replacing fuses, turn off the power and unplug the instrument.
• For replacement, only use fuses of the correct type and rating.
Failure to heed the above could result in fire, electric shock or short circuits.

The correct rating of the fuses is:

Necessary parts

Part Type Part No.

250V 5AT (5×20) Replacement part 072-02004-23

1 Pull out the fuse holder by using a coin.

Fuse holder

Coin

Unscrew by
using a coin

8
Fig. 8.42

2 Place new fuses into the fuse holder.

Fuse holder

New fuse

Coin

Screw by using a coin

Fig. 8.43

3 Push the fuse holder in and fix by using a coin.

LC-20AT 8-27
8. Maintenance

8.11 Wiping of Leak Tray

The protective plate is attached on the leak tray in order to protect the leak sensor and to guide the leaking to
sensor and drain outlet.
Wipe away the leakage on the leak tray completely, as below.

NOTE

When a buffer solution is used as the mobile phase, it may deposit crystals on the leak tray when it
evaporates. Wipe the dirt on the leak tray with cloth soaked in water, as below.

1 Slide the protective plate upward, and remove it.

Protective plate
2 Wipe away the leakage around the leak sensor
and on the leak tray completely.
Leak sensor

NOTE

• Don’t twist and pull the leak sensor.

• Wipe the dirt on the leak tray with cloth soaked in
water. Leak tray

Fig. 8.44

3 Reinstall the protective plate.

CAUTION
• Make sure to reinstall the protective plate after the wiping.
Leak sensor may not detect leakage without the protective plate.

8-28 LC-20AT
 8.12 Exterior Cleaning

8.12 Exterior Cleaning

If the instrument cover or front panel becomes dirty, wipe it clean with a soft dry cloth or tissue paper.
For persistent stains, clean the exterior using the following procedure.

1 Dip a piece of cloth in a dilute neutral detergent and twist firmly to remove excess liquid. Use this cloth
to scrub the soiled area of the exterior surface of the instrument.

2 Dip a piece of cloth into water and twist firmly to remove excess liquid. Use this cloth to wipe away all
the remaining detergent. Use a dry cloth to remove all moisture from the exterior surface of the
instrument.

NOTE

Do not allow spilled water to remain on the instrument surface, and do not use alcohol or thinner-type solvents
to clean the surfaces. These can cause rusting and discoloration.

LC-20AT 8-29
8. Maintenance

This page is intentionally left blank.

8-30 LC-20AT
 9 Technical Information
9
Contents

9.1 Installation ........................................................................................................ 9-2

9.2 Specifications ................................................................................................. 9-39
9.3 Maintenance Parts ......................................................................................... 9-42
9.4 Introduction to HPLC System......................................................................... 9-44
9.5 Mobile Phase Characteristics......................................................................... 9-47
9. Technical Information

9.1 Installation

9.1.1 Installation Site

Suitable Sites and Preparation
To ensure safe operation, install the instrument in a suitable location that satisfies the following conditions.

WARNING
• Ample ventilation
The solvents used with the HPLC system are often flammable and toxic.
Therefore, the room where the instrument is installed must be well-ventilated.
• No fire sources used near the instrument
The solvents used with the HPLC are often flammable. Therefore, the use of open flame where the
instrument is installed must be strictly prohibited. Also, do not install in the same room with equipment
that emits or could potentially emit sparks.
• Fire extinguishers permanently available
Have fire extinguishers permanently available in case of fire.
• Protective equipment provided near the instrument
If solvent gets into the eyes or onto the skin, it must be flushed away immediately.
Provide equipment, such as eye wash stations and safety showers, as close to the instrument as
possible.

CAUTION
• Avoid dust or corrosive gas
To ensure a long service life of the instrument and preserve its performance levels, avoid installing it in
places subject to large amounts of dust or corrosive gas.
• Keep away from equipment generating strong magnetic fields
To ensure proper operation, do not install the instrument in places subject to strong magnetic fields.
If the power supply line is subject to high electrical noise, install a surge protector.
• Install the instrument in the location that satisfies the following conditions to preserve the
performance:
• room temperature is between 4 and 35°C, with minimal temperature variation through a day.
• air currents from heating or air conditioning equipment are not directed on the instrument.
• sunlight does not shine directly on the instrument.
• there is no vibration.
• humidity stays within 20 - 85%.
• place without condensation

9-2 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Required Installation Space

CAUTION
• The weight of this instrument is 11kg. During installation, consider the entire weight combined
with other LC components.
The lab table on which this instrument is installed should be strong enough to support the total weight
of the LC system. It should be level, stable and have depth of at least 600mm.
If these precautions are not followed, the instrument could tip over or fall off the table.
• Keep at least 100mm between the rear of the instrument and the wall.
This allows for sufficient air circulation to provide cooling and prevent the instrument from overheating
and impairing the performance.

Typical system configurations and required installation spaces are shown in the figures below.

System 1 (with Manual Injector)

System 2 (with Autosampler)

9

(Unit : mm)

Fig. 9.1

LC-20AT 9-3
9. Technical Information

9.1.2 Installation
Remove the Shipping Screws
In order to prevent shock during transportation, the instrument is fixed with the shipping screws.
Remove these screws prior to installation.

NOTE

When the instrument is used without removing the shipping screws, system makes noise because of
vibration.

1 Loose and remove the shipping screws (with

washer).
"2.3 Right Side and Base Panel" P. 2-4

Installation
The instrument is designed for stacking with other
Shimadzu HPLC components.
"9.4 Introduction to HPLC System" P. 9-44

CAUTION
When the LC-20A series components are stacked on
each other, the clearance between the components
is only 5 mm.
Use caution to avoid pinching your fingers between
the components.

Fig. 9.2
Stacking Brackets
The use of commercially available stacking brackets is
recommended. These brackets limit the possibility of the
instrument falling off the lab table during an earthquake
or the like. Various grades of stacking brackets are
Safety
available.
bracket

Fasten the instrument firmly in place by attaching

stacking brackets to both the right and left sides.
For more details, contact your Shimadzu representative.
Safety
bracket
An example of stacking bracket placement is shown in
"Fig. 9.3".

Fig. 9.3

9-4 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

9.1.3 Power Supply Connection

The following table shows the electrical voltage, power consumption, and frequency.

Power Supply Voltage

Part No. Consumption Frequency
(indicated on the instrument)

228-45001-31 AC100-120V(100-120V∼)

228-45001-32 AC100-120V(100-120V∼) 150VA 50/60Hz

228-45001-38 AC220-240V(220-240V∼)

Verify that the power outlet to be used for connection has sufficient capacity. If capacity is insufficient, a power
outage or voltage drop can occur, affecting not only this instrument, but other instruments connected to the
same power supply.

Connection to Power Outlet

WARNING
Handle the power cord with care, and observe the
following precautions to avoid cord damage, fire,
electric shock or instrument malfunction.
• Do not place heavy objects on the cord.
• Keep hot items away from the cord.
• Do not modify the cord.
• Do not bend the cord excessively or pull on it.
• To unplug the instrument, pull the plug itself, NOT
the cord.
If the cord is damaged, replace it immediately.

Fig. 9.4 9
CAUTION Power cord connector
Before plugging in the instrument, make sure that the
power switch is OFF.

1 Insert the connector side of the power cord into

the power cord connector at the back of the
instrument.
Connector side

2 Insert the plug side of the power cord into the

power supply outlet.
Connect to Power outlet

Plug side

Fig. 9.5

LC-20AT 9-5
9. Technical Information

Grounding

WARNING
The three-line type power cable provided as an
accessory includes the grounding wire.
Be sure to ground through this cable in order to
prevent electrical shock and to ensure stable
operation of the instrument.

9.1.4 Prior to Plumbing

Many different types of tubings and connectors are used to plumb the instrument at installation. It is necessary
to cut tubings and mount connectors prior to the plumbing. In this section, instructions and precautions for
these preparations are described.

Types of Tubings and Connectors

The tubing and connectors used for the plumbing are made of stainless steel (SUS) or resin as follows.

Stainless steel (SUS) Resin

• Stainless steel tubing 1.6 O.D. × 0.3 I.D. • FEP tubing, PTFE tubing, ETFE tubing, PEEK tubing, PE tubing,
• Male nuts, 1.6 MN etc.
• Ferrules 1.6F • Male nuts PEEK
• PEEK ferrules
• PTFE ferrules

Cutting Tubings
Cut provided tubing to the proper lengths for installation.

Cutting SUS Tubings

1 Position the provided file (for cutting SUS tubing)

diagonally against the tubing, and cut up around
SUS tubing
the tubing.

NOTE

Cut up the tubing so that the cut surface is at a right

angle.

Fig. 9.6

9-6 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

2 Holding the tubing at equal distances from the

cutting up line, bend it up and down and from side
to side to cut off.

3 File the cut surface to make smooth and straight.

Fig. 9.7

CAUTION
• Make the cut surface at right angle. Otherwise,
dead volume will be created and may cause
chromatographic peak broadening.
• Make sure that the inner diameter of the tubing is
not deformed. Otherwise, the tubing may be
clogged.

Cutting Resin Tubings

Cut off the resin tubing at a right angle using a cutter.
Resin tubing

9
Cut at right
angle

Fig. 9.8

LC-20AT 9-7
9. Technical Information

Connecting Tubings

1 Mount a male nut and a ferrule to the tubing.

Tubing
CAUTION Male nut

Install stainless steel male nuts and ferrules on SUS

Ferrule
tubing, and resin nuts and ferrules on resin tubing.
If resin male nuts are mounted on SUS tubing, the
nuts will be damaged and leakage may occur.

Fig. 9.9

2 Insert the end of the tubing, with the ferrule on it,

into the appropriate opening. Then tighten the
Perpendicular

male nut.
The ferrule will be secured on the tubing.

Fig. 9.10

CAUTION
• Insert the tubing completely into the opening, until
it butts against the end of the opening.
Otherwise, dead volume will be created and may
cause chromatographic peak broadening.
• Do not overtighten the male nut.
Otherwise, the threads will be damaged.

NOTE
Male nut
• For an SUS male nut:
Use the open-end wrench (provided) to tighten and
loosen the nut.
If the nut is to be connected to a union or other part
that is not secured, use a second wrench to secure the
union.
• For a resin male nut:
Tighten and loosen the nut by hand. Coupling

Fig. 9.11

9-8 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

3 Loosen and move the male nut slightly to verify

that the ferrule is secured on the tubing.

Moves

Does not move

Fig. 9.12

Protective Plugs
Inlets and outlets of the instrument are fitted with protective plugs (bushings, stop plugs, caps and similar
items) to keep out dirt and dust during shipment.
When the instrument is not connected to other LC system components, replace the protective plugs.
Otherwise, dirt and dust may cause clogging of the instrument.
Keep the plugs, and replace them when the instrument will be left not in use for a long time.

NOTE

• For stop plugs:

Use the wrench provided to unscrew and screw in the plugs.
• For resin plugs:
Remove and replace the plugs by hand.

LC-20AT 9-9
9. Technical Information

9.1.5 Plumbing

CAUTION
• Before plumbing, turn OFF the power supply to all the system components and unplug them.
• For plumbing, use the appropriate parts listed in "1.3Component Parts".
• Connect only the tubing described in the instructions.
Otherwise, injury or equipment failure may cause.

The necessary plumbing is as follows:

• Plumbing of suction filter . . . . . . . . Plumbing to form the flow line from the reservoir bottles to the pump.
• Plumbing of drain tubing . . . . . . . . . Plumbing to check the performance of the instrument before operation.
• Plumbing of tubing for leakage . . . . Plumbing to evacuate If leaks occur in any of the instrument in a stack,
this tubing directs it down to the lowest device in the stack, and from
there to a waste container.

NOTE

For details on plumbing when the optional degasser, low-pressure gradient unit and/or reservoir switching
valve is/are used, see the instruction manual(s) for these options.

Suction filter plumbing P.9-12

Reservoir preparation
P.9-11

Drain tubing plumbing

P.9-13
Connecting leakage drain tubing
P.9-14

Waste container preparation

P.9-11
Waste container preparation
Front cover removal P.9-11 P.9-11
Front cover installation P.9-18
Fig. 9.13

9-10 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Reservoir and Waste Container Preparation

Before connecting the plumbing, prepare (a) reservoirs and (b) waste container (to receive the mobile phase
after analysis and to collect leakage).

WARNING
Do not use cracked or damaged bottles.

φ29
The reservoir should be made of glass and have a Pitch of screw 4.23
φ26.5±0.3
capacity of at least 500mL. Width of screw 2.0-2.2
φ24.5±0.3 No. of turns of screw 1·1/2 turns
φ17.5±0.4

2.5-3.0
CAUTION
The waste container must be positioned lower than

11
the instrument (for example, on the floor). If it is
positioned higher than the instrument, liquid will not

4
drain, and will leak from the connections. φ25.4

Fig. 9.14
Front Cover Removal
The front cover must be removed in order to perform the
plumbing.

1 Press on the cover at the position indicated in the

figure, and release to open the front cover.

9
Front cover

Fig. 9.15

2 Hold the front cover upward and remove.

NOTE

The front cover can be removed at 120 degree of open

angle.

Fig. 9.16

LC-20AT 9-11
9. Technical Information

Suction Filter (Accessory) Installation

NOTE

Prevent any dirt from adhering to the filter portion of the filter when installing it.
Dirt on the filter could cause clogging and flow rate fluctuations.

NOTE

In order to ensure stable analysis at all times, the mobile phase should be degassed.
For details of the degassers, "1.4 Optional Parts" P. 1-5.

1 Remove the ferrule, bushing and coil spring from

the filter tubing.
Suction filter (assembly)
Ferrule

Bushing

2 Cut the tubing to a length appropriate for

connecting the reservoir bottle and the pump
Coil spring

suction port.

Suction tubing

3 Pour mobile phase into the reservoir.

Filter

Fig. 9.17

4 Put the filter into the reservoir, pass the tubing

through the hole in the lid and through the bolt Bottle cap
cap, place the lid into the bottle mouth, and screw
the bottle cap on.

NOTE Lid

The filter should touch the bottom of the bottle.

5 Replace the ferrule, bushing and coil spring on the

tubing.
Reservoir

Fig. 9.18

9-12 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

6 Remove the shipping bushing from the pump inlet.

NOTE

Replace it if the instrument is out of use for a long time,

to prevent foreign matter from entering the inlet. Retain
the shipping bushing after removal.

Pump inlet

Shipping bushing

Fig. 9.19

7 Attach the ferrule and bushing on the end of the

tubing into the pump inlet.

NOTE

When arranging the tubing upwards, fix it with tubing

clamp. Ferrule

Bushing

Fig. 9.20

Drain Tubing (Accessory) Installation

1 Remove the shipping cap from the drain tubing

connection port. 9
NOTE
Drain tubing
connection port
Keep the shipping cap after removal and attach it again if
Shipping cap
the instrument will not be used for a long time to prevent
foreign matter from entering the port.

Fig. 9.21

LC-20AT 9-13
9. Technical Information

2 Screw the male nut of the drain tubing into the

drain tubing connection port.
Male nut

Drain tubing

3 Put the other end of the drain tubing into the waste connection port

container.

NOTE

To ensure a smooth flow of liquid, put the tubing into the

Drain tubing
bottle with its end pointing downward.

Waste container

Fig. 9.22

Connecting Leakage Drain Tubing

This instrument is designed so that if leaks occur
internally (except the column oven), the leaked liquid
Drain adapter
flows down to the lowest level of the instrument and is
drained into the waste container.
The procedure for connecting leakage drain tubing is
given below.
L-Joint Drain OUT
(Except for the waste container, all parts shown in the
figure on the right are standard accessories.) Straight tubing
connector
Silicone tubing
NOTE

• For connecting, cut a silicone tubing into the length in

which both of the cut parts will not sag.
• Set the silicone tubing so that its edge does not touch Waste container
the liquid surface in the waste container.
Fig. 9.23

9-14 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Bottom of Instrument

1 Insert the drain OUT, STD into leakage drain outlet

from the front of the instrument.

2 Turn the drain OUT, STD counterclockwise 45° to

secure.

Drain OUT, STD

Fig. 9.24

3 Connect one end of the silicone tubing adapter to

the drain OUT, STD with a straight tubing
connector.

Straight tubing connector

Silicone tubing

Fig. 9.25

4 Cut the silicone tubing at the edge of the table,

and connect an L-Joint. Let the L-Joint head Silicone tubing 9
downward as in the right figure and connect the
other cut part of the silicone tubing.

L-Joint

5 Insert the other end of the silicone tubing into the

waste container.

NOTE
Fig. 9.26
To ensure a smooth flow of liquid, insert the silicone
tubing into the container with its tip pointing downward.

LC-20AT 9-15
9. Technical Information

Second Instrument from Bottom

NOTE

Leaks from the column oven are drained separately (See column oven Instruction Manual.). If any
components are installed on top of the column oven, carry out the same procedure as in "Installation on top of
the column oven" on next page. Also when the bottom unit has no leakage hole ("Fig. 9.28"), carry out the
same procedure as in "Installation on top of the column oven" on next page.

1 Insert the drain adapter into the position shown in

the illustration, and slide it on the instrument of
bottom.

45°

Drain adapter

Fig. 9.27

2 The drain adapter connects the drain outlet to the

leakage hole of the bottom unit.
Cross-section of connection parts

Drain outlet
Upper unit

Drain adapter

3 Pour some water onto a spot near the drain outlet

of the top unit, and verify that the water flows to
the waste container.
Lower unit Leakage hole

Fig. 9.28

9-16 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Installation on Top of the Column Oven

NOTE

When the bottom unit has no leakage hole ("Fig. 9.28"), carry out the same procedure described bellow.

1 Insert the drain OUT, CTO into leakage drain

outlet from the front of the instrument.

2 Turn the drain OUT, CTO counterclockwise 45° to

secure.

Drain OUT, CTO

Fig. 9.29

3 Connect one end of the silicone tubing adapter to

the drain OUT, CTO with a straight tubing
connector.

Straight tubing connector

Silicone tubing

4 Insert the other end of the silicone tubing into the

waste container. ( "Fig. 9.13" )
Fig. 9.30 9
NOTE

• To ensure a smooth flow of liquid, insert the silicone tubing into the container with its tip pointing downward.
• Set the silicone tubing so that its edge does not touch the liquid surface in the waste container. When the tip
of tubing touches into the liquid of waste container, the drainage becomes difficult to flow.

LC-20AT 9-17
9. Technical Information

Front Cover Installation

1 After performing the plumbing, install the front

cover using the reverse of the removal procedure.

2 Close the front door.

Front cover

Fig. 9.31

9.1.6 Installation of Manual Injector and Column

The procedures in this section covers installation of the manual injector and column installation.
For similar column oven installation procedures, see the column oven instruction manual.

Installation of Manual Injector

Use the manual injectors listed below.

Option name Part No. Features

Manual injector Manual injector for general purpose analysis.
228-32210-91
Type 7725 Standard sample loop: 20µL
Same as type 7725, but with a position sensing switch.
Manual injector
228-32210-93 Can send signals synchronized with injection of samples to system
Type 7725i
controller or Chromatopac.
Manual injector for semi micro volume range.
Standard sample loop: 5µL.
Semi-micro manual injector
228-23200-91 Includes position sensing switch.
Type 8125
Can send signals synchronized with injection of samples to system
controller or Chromatopac.
Non-metallic manual injector Has liquid-contacting parts made of non-metallic materials. Maximum
228-32650-91
Type 9725 use temperature: 60°C
Same as type 9725, but with a position sensing switch.
Non-metallic manual injector
228-32650-93 Can send signals synchronized with injection of samples to system
Type 9725i
controller or Chromatopac.

9-18 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

1 Attach the injector installation plate (option) onto

the instrument with accessory screws.

Injector installation
plate

Fig. 9.32

2 Attach the manual injector to the installation plate

with the screws attached to the injector.
(For more detailed instructions, see the instruction Manual injector
manual for the used manual injector.)

Fig. 9.33

3 Insert the vial holder provided with the installation

plate into the vial holder opening in the plate.

4 Insert the vial provided with the installation plate

into the vial holder. Vial holder
9
Vial

Vial holder hole

Fig. 9.34

LC-20AT 9-19
9. Technical Information

Installation of Column Holder

1 Attach the column holder to the pump with the

provided screws.

2 Orient the column with its outlet at the top, and

attach it to the column holder.
Column holder
Column outlet
The orientation of the column should be as shown
in the figure on the right. Column
Verify that the column is securely clamped.

Column inlet

Fig. 9.35

9.1.7 Flow Line Plumbing

Manual Injector Plumbing

NOTE

For connecting ports 1 to 6 of the manual injector, use the male nuts (with long bushing) and ferrules, provided
as manual injector standard accessories.

1 Screw the sample loop male nuts (with long

bushing) into ports 1 and 4 of the manual injector.
Back of manual injector

Sample loop

2 Install a male nut (with long bushing) and ferrule to

one end of each of the two waste liquid tubing
Waste liquid
tubing
sections. Then attach the tubing and ferrules into
ports 5 and 6 of the manual injector. Tighten the
nuts.

Waste liquid tubing

Fig. 9.36

9-20 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

3 Unscrew and remove the vial cap.

4 Route the other ends of the waste liquid tubing Waste liquid
tubing
through the tubing opening and into the vial.

Tubing hole

Vial

Fig. 9.37

NOTE
Waste liquid tubings
To prevent liquid from flowing out due to the siphon
effect, position the ends of the waste liquid tubing level
with the needle port.

Height of
Needle port

Fig. 9.38

Plumbing between Pump Unit and Manual Injector

1 Cut the 1.6 O.D.×0.3 I.D. SUS tubing (standard

Pump outlet
accessory of the pump) long enough to connect
the pump outlet and port 2 of the manual injector. 9
2 Attach male nut and ferrule to both ends of the
SUS tubing.
• Pump outlet end: 1.6MN male nut and 1.6F
ferrule provided as pump standard accessories.
• Manual injector end: Male nut (long bushing) Pump
and ferrule (provided as manual injector
standard accessories).
SUS tubing

3 Insert the ends of the SUS tubing into the pump

outlet and port 2 of the manual injector, and
tighten the male nuts.

Connect to
port 2

Fig. 9.39

LC-20AT 9-21
9. Technical Information

Plumbing between Manual Injector and Column

1 Cut the 1.6 O.D.×0.3 I.D. SUS tubing (standard

accessory of the pump) to a length appropriate for
connecting port 3 of the manual injector and the
column inlet.

NOTE

In order to minimize peak broadening, cut the plumbing

between the manual injector and the column as short as
possible.

2 Place a male nut and ferrule on both ends of the

SUS tubing.
• Manual injector end: Male nut (long bushing)
and ferrule (provided as standard accessories
of the manual injector)
Column outlet
• Column inlet end: Male nut and ferrule
(provided as standard accessories of the pump) Stop plug

3 Unscrew and remove the stop plug from the

column inlet.
Column

Stop plug

Column inlet

Fig. 9.40

4 Insert the ends of the SUS tubing into port 3 of the

manual injector and the column inlet, and tighten
the male nuts.
From pump outlet

Column
inlet

SUS tubing

Fig. 9.41

9-22 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Plumbing between Column and Detector

The figure below shows the flow line from the column outlet to the detector and the waste container.
Use the accessories provided with the detector to connect this tubing.
(For more detailed plumbing procedure, see the relevant sections of the detector instruction manual.)

Arrows indicate the direction of flow

Male nut PEEK
Cell outlet

Detector
Cell inlet

Male nut PEEK

Blue cover
Stop plug
Male nut PEEK
Column outlet

Waste container
Unscrew and
remove stop plug.

from Autosampler / Manual Injector 9

Fig. 9.42

LC-20AT 9-23
9. Technical Information

9.1.8 Installation and Plumbing of Mixer (Option)

A special SUS mixer with excellent solvent mixing performance is available for use with a gradient elution
system.
Procedures for installing and plumbing the mixer are given below.

Preparation of Mixer
The mixer may be plumbed to accommodate three volumes; 0.5mL, 1.7mL and 2.6mL.
Select the appropriate capacity for the application. (The standard plumbing, installed at delivery, is for 2.6mL
capacity.)

1 Remove the mixer cover.

Mixer cover

Pre-mixer
Mixer

2 Configure the mixer tubing using the following

illustrations.
Fig. 9.43

NOTE

Attach caps to ports which are not used, to prevent dirt or

dust entering through them.

0.5mL Plumbing 1.7mL Plumbing 2.6mL Plumbing

Attach caps
Attach cap
to Autosampler /
Manual Injector
to Autosampler /
to Autosampler / Manual Injector
Manual Injector

Attach cap

Fig. 9.44

9-24 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

3 The mixer assembly consists of two sections: a

mixer section and a pre-mixer section. Premixer (position at delivery)

Unscrew and remove screws

Fig. 9.45

4 The premixer section must be moved on the

assembly base plate before installing the mixer on
Move forward
the instrument. Move and refasten the pre-mixer
as shown in the figure.

Tighten screws to clamp premixer

Fig. 9.46

Mounting the Mixer on the Instrument

The mixer can be installed in any of the following three positions:
• On the right side of the instrument
• Left inside of column oven
• Right inside of column oven
9
Installing the mixer on this instrument is described here.
For installing of the mixer on a column oven, see the column oven instruction manual.

1 Unscrew the cover installation screws attached on

the right side of this instrument.

Mixer
2 Install the mixer on this instrument using the
unscrewed screws.

Fig. 9.47

LC-20AT 9-25
9. Technical Information

Mixer Plumbing (in Low-Pressure Gradient System)

1 Install the mixer on this instrument and remove the

premixer caps from inlets A and B. Cap

Inlet A

Inlet B

Cap

Premixer

Inlet C (stop plug fitted)

Fig. 9.48

2 Screw the stop plug provided with the mixer into

inlet A of the premixer.
Stop plug

Stop plug

Fig. 9.49

3 Cut the two 1.6 O.D.×0.3 I.D. SUS tubing sections

provided with the mixer long enough to connect for
Mixer outlet

the following:
• Pump outlet and premixer inlet
• Mixer outlet and injector

4 Attach the 1.6MN male nuts and 1.6F ferrules

provided with the mixer to both ends of each SUS
Pump outlet
tubing.
From low-pressure
Inlet B
gradient unit SUS tubing

5 Attach the ends of one tubing section and ferrule

into the pump outlet and premixer inlet B, and
Fig. 9.50

screw in the male nuts.

9-26 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

6 Attach the ends of the other tubing and its ferrule

into the mixer outlet and port 2 of the manual Mixer outlet
injector, and screw in the male nuts.

NOTE

If an autosampler is used, see its instruction manual for

procedures.

to Port 2

from Mixer outlet

Fig. 9.51

LC-20AT 9-27
9. Technical Information

Mixer Plumbing (in High-Pressure Gradient System)

1 Remove the premixer caps from inlets A and B.

Cap
Inlet A

2 Cut the 1.6 O.D.×0.3 I.D. SUS tubing provided

with the mixer to sections long enough for Inlet B
plumbing.
Cap

3 Attach the 1.6MN male nuts and 1.6F ferrules

provided with the mixer to both ends of each SUS
Premixer
Inlet C (Stop plug)
tubing section.

4 Connect the pump outlet to the premixer inlets A

and B with the SUS tubing.
Fig. 9.52

NOTE

For 3 mobile phases, also unscrew and remove the stop

plug from inlet C, and connect inlet C to the pump 3
outlet with more SUS tubing.

Pump outlet

SUS tubing

Pump outlet

Inlet A
from degasser or reservoir Inlet B
SUS tubing Inlet C (Stop plug)
switching valve

Fig. 9.53

9-28 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

5 Attach the ends of the third tubing section and

ferrule into the mixer outlet and port 2 of the
Mixer outlet

manual injector, and screw in the male nuts.

NOTE

If an autosampler is used, see its instruction manual for

procedures.
to Port 2

from Mixer
outlet

Fig. 9.54
Mixer Cover Installation

1 Secure the mixer cover with the screws.

9
Mixer cover

Fig. 9.55

LC-20AT 9-29
9. Technical Information

9.1.9 Wiring

WARNING
• Before performing wiring, turn OFF all components and unplug the power cables.
• Do not use any other than specified cables for wiring.
• Do not perform any other than the indicated wiring operations.
Failure to observe the above cautions could result in fire, electric shock or instrument malfunction.

Connectors
• [REMOTE] connector is used in cases below.
for connection to system controller
for connecting dual pumps together without using a system controller in a high-pressure gradient system
• [DGU/SOL. V] connector ............... For connection of optional reservoir selection valve/degasser
• [PUMP PRESS] connector ............ For connection to Chromatopac (or other integrator) or recorder.
Outputs voltage proportional to pressure.
• External input/output terminals ...... For connection to external equipment. For connection instructions, see
"5.7 Connection to External Input/Output Terminals" P. 5-58.
• [DGU PRESS] connector............... For connection to degasser to enter the pressure signal of vacuum
pump inside of degasser.

Use the connectors above needed for the system. Connection instructions are provided on the following
pages.

External input/output terminals [DGU PRESS] connector [PUMP PRESS] connector

P.5-58 P.9-36 P.9-36

[REMOTE] connector [DGU/SOL.V] connector

P.9-31 P.9-35

Fig. 9.56

9-30 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Connecting the Optical Cable

The optical cable provided with this instrument is a two-way assembly for both transmission and reception of
signals, and is connected to the [REMOTE] connector.
Instructions and precautions for connecting the optical cable are provided below.

1 Before connection, remove the cap from the

connection channel to be used.

CAUTION
The caps on the [REMOTE] connectors prevent dirt
or dust from getting into the connector.
If a [REMOTE] connector is not used, leave the cap
on it to prevent dirt or dust from interfering with
communication.
When a cap is removed, keep it in a safe place for
Cap [REMOTE] connector
future use.

Fig. 9.57

2 Insert the optical cable plug into the [REMOTE]

connector until it clicks into place.
Blue

CAUTION
Gray
• Make sure there is no dirt or dust on the plug.
Dirt or dust on the plug will get inside the
[REMOTE] connector.
Plug
• Be careful not to insert the plug across two
different channels. Insert until it clicks.
Failure to follow these precautions above could
result in malfunction or communication problems.
9
Fig. 9.58

CAUTION
• Do not bend the optical cable less than 35 mm in
radius.
• When inserting and removing the plug, grip the
plug itself, not the cable.
• Do not bend the cable where it joins the plug.
Failure to follow these above precautions could
result in damage to the plug or a broken wire in the
cable.

Fig. 9.59

LC-20AT 9-31
9. Technical Information

Connection to System Controller

1 Referring to "Connecting the Optical Cable",

connecting the optical cable, connect the pump
System controller

and system controller [REMOTE] connector with [REMOTE] connector

In use of channel 3-8
the optical cable.

NOTE
Optical cable
Channels between 3 and 8 of the system controller
[REMOTE] connector are typically used for this purpose.

2 Plug in the pump, and turn the power switch on.

[REMOTE] connector

Fig. 9.60

3 Check the [LOCAL] and [CBM LINK] parameter

and set the [ADRS] parameter.
"5.2.6 System Settings Group" P. 5-21 0.000 LOCAL 0
• [LOCAL] : Check the value is [0] (initial 0:Remote 1:Local
value). (Remote mode)
• [CBM LINK]: Check the value is [1] (initial
value). (External connection)
• [ADRS] : Enter the system controller’s
connector channel number.

0.000 CBM LINK 1

0:Int 1:Ext

0.000 ADRS 3
Input 1 - 12,85

9-32 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Connection to System Controller (in case of the installed CBM-20Alite)

The optional CBM-20Alite can control a maximum of 5 LC components (including this instrument). Since it is
installed in this instrument, the system requires a smaller space.
Refer to the CBM-20Alite instruction manual.

WARNING
• Only Shimadzu service representative is responsible for installation of CBM-20Alite.
There is a risk of electric shock or short.
• By the installation of the instrument, remove the power plug of the instrument from the power outlet.
There is a risk of electric shock or short.

1 Check the [LOCAL] parameter is [0:Remote], and

set the [CBM LINK] parameter to [0:Int] (Internal
Connection). 0.000 LOCAL 0
"Selecting Local/Remote Mode [LOCAL]" P.
0:Remote 1:Local
5-21
"Switching Remote Connector internal/
external [CBM LINK]" P. 5-24

0.000 CBM LINK 0

0:Int 1:Ext

NOTE 9
It is not necessary to connect the optical cable, because 0.000 ADRS 5
the instrument controlled by the internal-connected Fixed by Int-CBM
CBM-20Alite.
In case of internal connection, the link address [ADRS] is
the fixed value [5].
"Setting Link Address [ADRS]" P. 5-21

LC-20AT 9-33
9. Technical Information

Connection of Twin Pump Units

The wiring procedure for connecting twin pump units in a
high-pressure gradient system without using a system [REMOTE] connector
controller, is given below.

1 Connect the pump [REMOTE] connectors with the Optical cable

optical cable.

NOTE

When three pump units are used in a high-pressure

gradient system (for pumping 3 mobile phases), the
pump units must be connected to a system controller.

[REMOTE] connector

2 Plug the pumps in and turn the power switches

ON.
Fig. 9.61

3 Check the [LOCAL] and [CBM LINK] parameter,

and set the [ADRS] parameter.
"5.2.6 System Settings Group" P. 5-21 0.000 LOCAL 0
• [LOCAL] : Check that the value is [0] (Initial
0:Remote 1:Local
value). (Remote mode)
• [CBM LINK]: Check the value is [1] (initial
value). (External connection)
• [ADRS] : Enter [85].

0.000 CBM LINK 1

0:Int 1:Ext

0.000 ADRS 85
Input 1 - 12,85

9-34 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

Connection of [DGU/SOL.V] Connector

[DGU/SOL.V] connector attaches the reservoir selector valve or degasser to the pump.
"1.4 Optional Parts" P. 1-5
For detailed connection instructions, see the instruction manuals for the options.
The procedure given here is for connection of the reservoir select valve (FCV-11AL).

[DGU/SOL.V] connector
CAUTION
Make sure that the power switch of the instrument is
OFF before connecting or disconnecting the special
cable.
Otherwise, the instrument could be damaged.

1 Using the accessory cable for reservoir select

valve, connect the reservoir select valve to this
instrument’s [SOL. V] connector. Accessory cable

2 Tighten the [SOL. V] connector screws with a

Phillips screwdriver.
The connector on the reservoir select valve is a
flat cable connector and does not use screws.

Flat cable connector

FCV-11AL

3 Plug in the instrument, and turn the power Fig. 9.62

switches on.
9
4 Set the pump [FCV TYPE] (selecting solenoid
valve unit) of auxiliary function.
If necessary, also set its [SV] (opening/closing 0.000 FCV TYPE 1
solenoid valve unit). 0:10AL 1:11AL
"5.2 Parameter in Auxiliary Functions" P. 5-12
• [FCV TYPE] : Enter [1].
• [SV] : Set the parameter depending on a kind of
selected mobile phase.

0.000 SV ™
Select Po rt No.

LC-20AT 9-35
9. Technical Information

Connection of [PUMP PRESS] Connector

[PUMP PRESS] connector connects the instrument to a Chromatopac (or other integrator) or recorder. It
outputs voltage proportional to pressure. The procedure given here is for a pump connected to a
Chromatopac.

[DGU PRESS] connector

[PUMP PRESS] connector

Signal cable

Signal cable
(accessory for Chromatopac) Black (−)

White (+)

Terminal (accessory for Chromatopac)

to Chromatopac

Fig. 9.63

1 Connect the provided signal cable to the [PUMP

PRESS] connector. Then connect the instrument
to the Chromatopac as shown in the figure above.

2 Plug the pump in and turn the power switch ON.

3 Set the pump [RANGE] parameter.

"Setting Pressure Recorder Range [RANGE]"
P. 5-23 0.000 RANGE ™0
RANGE*5.0MPa/FS

Connection of [DGU PRESS] Connector

[DGU PRESS] connector is to enter the pressure signal of vacuum pump in degasser unit.
Refer to the instruction manual of degasser unit.

9-36 LC-20AT
 9.1 Installation

9.1.10 Installation of Automatic Rinsing Pump (Optional)

The optional automatic rinsing pump continually and automatically clears the pump plungers and the plunger
seals attached to the rear of the plungers, using a rinsing pump. Once it is connected, it conducts an
intermittent operation for two seconds in every one minute while the pump is ON.
No parameters need to be set for the automatic rinsing pump.
(For details of operation, see the automatic rinsing pump (optional) Instruction Manual.)

WARNING
• Only Shimadzu service representative is responsible for installation.
There is a risk of electric shock or short.
• By the installation of the instrument, remove the power plug of the instrument from the power outlet.
There is a risk of electric shock or short.

For a Single Pump Unit

to IN Rinsing pump

to OUT Rinsing pump

9
Rinse tubing

Fig. 9.64

1 Prepare the small bottle provided with automatic rinsing pump filled with distilled water about four-fifths
and close the cap.

2 Cut the rinse tubing provided with the instrument into two lengths, appropriate for connecting (a) the
instrument and the rinsing pump, and (b) the instrument and the bottle. Then connect plumbing as in
the figure.

NOTE

Do not pull on the rinse tubing connected to the pump heads or any of the rinse pump tubing, or you could
disconnect the tubing.

LC-20AT 9-37
9. Technical Information

For Twin Pump Units

Connect the plumbing as shown in the figure below, using the rinse tubing provided with the instrument.

Arrows indicate the direction of rinsing fluid flow

Rinsing pump

Fig. 9.65

9-38 LC-20AT
 9.2 Specifications

9.2 Specifications

9.2.1 LC-20AT Pump Unit

Item Specification

Pump Type Double reciprocating plunger pump

Pumping Methods Constant flow delivery and constant pressure delivery

Flow Rate 0.001-5mL/min (1.0-40MPa)

Setting Range 5.001-10mL/min (1.0-20MPa)

± 2% or ± 2µL/min, whichever is the greater.

Constant
Flow Rate Accuracy (when water is pumped at 0.1-5mL/min, 1-40MPa, with water and room
Flow
temperature constant between 20-30 °C.)
Pumping
± 0.3% (RSD0.1% and below)
Flow Rate Precision (when water is pumped at 0.1-5ml/min, 1-40MPa, with water and room
temperature constant between 20-30 °C.)

Constant Pressure Setting

1.0-40MPa (0.1MPa steps)
Pressure Range
Pumping Pressure Accuracy ± 10% or 1.0MPa, whichever is the greater.

Pressure limits function Upper and lower limits

Liquid-contacting part materials SUS316L, PEEK, PTFE, ruby, sapphire, HastelloyC®

Suction Filter 10µm

Line Filter 5µm mesh, capacity 30µL

Commands for flow rate, pressure, [EVENT] functions, [LOOP] (for program
Time Program

Pressure Display Accuracy

repetition), 10 files, total 320 steps

± 2% or ± 0.5MPa, whichever is the greater.

9
Plunger Rinsing Line Automatic rinsing possible through connecting syringe and rinsing pump

Dimensions W 260 × H 140 × D 420mm, excluding protruding parts

Weight 11kg

Operating Temperature Range 4-35 °C

Power Supply Voltage

Power
Part No. (indicated on the Frequency
Consumption
instrument)
Power Supply 228-45001-31 AC100-120V (100-120V~)

228-45001-32 AC100-120V (100-120V~) 150VA 50/60Hz

228-45001-38 AC220-240V (220-240V~)

LC-20AT 9-39
9. Technical Information

9.2.2 High-Pressure Gradient System

High-Pressure Gradient System controlled by System Controller (CBM-20A)

Item Specification

Number of solvents mixed 2 or 3

Step, linear and exponential functions (only when LC workstation controls)

Gradient profile
possible at multiple levels

Maximum program steps Max. 400 steps per program. 20 programs files

Program duration 0.01-9999.9 minutes (in 0.01 minutes steps)

Mix ratio setting range 0-100% (in 0.1% steps)

± 1%
Concentration accuracy
(for binary gradient with water/caffeine solution, at 0.1-3mL/min, 1.0-40MPa)

Flow rates possible 0.001-10mL/min

High-Pressure Gradient System controlled by Pump Unit (LC-20AT)

Item Specification

Number of solvents mixed 2

Gradient profile Step and linear possible at multiple levels

Maximum program steps Max. 320 steps per program. 10 program files.

Program duration 0.01-999.99 minutes (in 0.01 minutes steps)

Mix ratio setting range 0-100% (in 0.1% steps)

± 1%
Concentration accuracy
(for binary gradient with water/caffeine solution, at 0.1-3mL/min, 1.0-40MPa)

Flow rates possible 0.001-10mL/min

9-40 LC-20AT
 9.2 Specifications

9.2.3 Low-Pressure Gradient System

Low-Pressure Gradient System controlled by System Controller (CBM-20A)

Item Specification

Number of solvents mixed Max. 4

Step, linear and exponential functions (only when LC workstation controls)

Gradient profile
possible at multiple levels

Maximum program steps Max. 400 steps per program. 20 program files.

Program duration 0.01-9999.9 minutes (in 0.01 minutes steps)

Mix ratio setting range 0-100% (in 0.1% steps)

± 1%
Concentration accuracy
(for binary gradient with water/caffeine solution, at 0.1-2mL/min, 1-20MPa)

0.001-2mL/min (rate over 2mL/min possible, but will shorten life span of low-
Flow rates possible
pressure gradient unit’s solvent valves)

Low-Pressure Gradient System controlled by Pump Unit (LC-20AT)

Item Specification

Number of solvent mixed Max. 4

Gradient profile Step and linear possible at multiple levels

Maximum program steps Max. 320 steps per program. 10 program files

Program duration 0.01-999.99 minutes (in 0.01 minutes steps)

Mix ration setting range 0-100% (in 0.1% steps)

9
± 1%
Concentration accuracy
(for binary gradient with water/caffeine solution, at 0.1-2mL/min, 1-20MPa)

0.001-2mL/min (rate over 2mL/min possible, but will shorten life span of low-
Flow rate possible
pressure gradient unit’s solvent valves)

LC-20AT 9-41
9. Technical Information

9.3 Maintenance Parts

9.3.1 Consumable Parts

Part Part No. Remark

Plunger seal 228-35145 For pump head

Spacer S 228-42700 Replace it at plunger seal replacement.

Frit 228-32744 Lines filter’s frit

Suction filter 228-43342-91 Filter body only (cleaned)

9.3.2 Replacement Parts

Mechanical Parts
Part Part No. Remark

Primary-inlet check valve ASSY 228-45704-92

Inlet check valve ASSY 228-45704-91

Head holder 228-39104-01

Head 20AT1 228-42161-03 Left pump head

Head 20AT2 228-42162-03 Right pump head

Spring 5-6 228-34768-03

Belt 100S3M246 032-22472-23

Pressure sensor ASSY 228-45552-96

Tubing PRI-SEC 228-45591-91 For plumbing at top of pump head

For plumbing between pump head and pressure

Tubing SEC-PRS 228-45591-92
sensor

Drain valve ASSY, T 228-45574-92

Suction filter ASSY 228-39181-95

Bush 228-39084 For suction filter

Ferrule 3.0F-T 228-12493 For suction filter

FEP tubing 670-10321-05 For suction filter

Plunger SA ASSY 228-35009-93

Drain tubing ASSY 228-25495-93

Seal holder ASSY 228-35946-92

Rinsing seal 228-35935 For seal holder

Seal holder 228-42153-04 For seal holder

9-42 LC-20AT
 9.3 Maintenance Parts

Part Part No. Remark

Backup ring 228-35934 For seal holder

O-ring 670-11518 For seal holder

Pressure sensor ASSY, for 20AT 228-45552-96

Right panel ASSY, 20AT 228-46513-92 Front cover

Crosshead ASSY 228-45588-91

Electrical Parts
Part Part No. Remark

Fuse 5AT, 250V 072-02004-23

Switch ASSY 228-42287-91

Power supply LEA75F-24 074-80426-61

PCB LC-20AT ASSY 228-42114-94 Without EEPROM

PCB sensor ASSY 228-35842-93

Left Panel 20AT ASSY 228-43200-92 Display panel and keypad assembly

Leak sensor ASSY 228-39247-92

Fan for SPD60 LC-10A 228-25246-91

9.3.3 Maintenance Kit

A set of consumable parts and plumbing parts is provided as Maintenance Kit ASSY.
Maintenance Kit for LC-20AT (Part No.228-45593-92)
Part Part No. Q’ty Remark
9
Plunger seal 228-35145 2

Spacer S 228-42700 2

Frit 228-32744 2

Suction filter ASSY 228-39181-95 1

Plunger SA ASSY 228-35009-93 1

Seal holder ASSY 228-35946-92 1

Ferrule, 1.6F 228-16000-10 4

Male nut, 1.6MN 228-16001 4

Male nut, PEEK 228-18565 4

SUS pipe 1.6mm O.D. × 0.3mm I.D. 228-36993-96 1 2m

LC-20AT 9-43
9. Technical Information

9.4 Introduction to HPLC System

The Prominence LC (LC-20A) series components are for use with Shimadzu high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) systems, which are designed to provide high accuracy and high sensitivity analyses.
Example system configurations are provided below, along with descriptions of the operations of the various
components.

9.4.1 Example of a Simple (Isocratic) System

Each component of the system is controlled locally. This is a simple system composed of the minimum
number of components for stable analysis.
Solvent Flow Function of Components

1 Reservoir bottle

2 Degasser
1

3 Pump unit

Manual
4 injector

5 Column
4 5
2

6 Detector
7

7 Waste container 3

1 Mobile phase is drawn out of the reservoir bottle and pumped through the tubing by the pump.
2 The degasser removes dissolved air from the mobile phase, preventing air bubbles and consequent rise,
drift or other baseline irregularities caused by dissolved air.
3 The pump sends the mobile phase through the manual injector, column and detector, in that order, and
finally into the waste container.
4 Samples are injected into the system by the manual injector, with a syringe.
5 In the column, the components are separated by means of the mutual interactions of the mobile phase and
the column packing (stationary phase).
6 The detector detects the components eluted from the column, and sends the signal data to a Chromatopac
or PC.
7 Mobile phase from the detector drains into the waste container.

9-44 LC-20AT
 9.4 Introduction to HPLC System

9.4.2 Example of Autosampler System (1)

Centralized control of all the components by a CBM-20Alite system controller enhances ease operation and is
well suited for automated analyses. The CBM-20Alite can control a maximum of 5 LC components. Since it is
installed in the pump unit or autosampler, the system requires a smaller space.
Solvent Flow Function of Components

1 Reservoir bottle 1

2 Degasser
2

Low-pressure
3 gradient unit∗

4 8
3
4 Pump unit

5 Mixer

6 Autosampler

7 Column 7

8 Detector 9

6
9 Waste container 5

9
1 Mobile phase is drawn out of the reservoir bottles and pumped through the tubing by the pump.
2 The degasser removes dissolved air from the mobile phase, preventing air bubbles and consequent rise,
drift or other baseline irregularities caused by dissolved air.
3 The low-pressure gradient unit mixes up to 4 mobile phases that have been degassed by the degasser.
(∗This item is necessary for a low-pressure gradient system.)
4 The pump sends the mobile phase through the autosampler, column and detector, in that order, and finally
into the waste container.
5 The mixer enhances the mixing efficiency of the mobile phases. This item is required for low or high-
pressure gradient system.
6 The autosampler automatically injects the sample into the flow lines. By adding a rack changer, it is possible
to automatically change the autosampler racks.
7 In the column, the components are separated by means of the mutual interactions of the mobile phase and
the column packing (stationary phase).
8 The detector detects the components separated in the column, and sends the signal data to a Chromatopac
or PC.
9 Mobile phase from the detector drains into the waste container.

LC-20AT 9-45
9. Technical Information

9.4.3 Example of Autosampler System (2)

The CBM-20A system controller can control a maximum of 8 LC components (12 LC components as an
option).
Use the same type of pumps for high-pressure gradient system.
Solvent Flow Function of Components

1 Reservoir bottle
1

2 Degasser
2

3 Pump unit

9
4 Mixer 3

5 Autosampler
7
3
6 Column

7 Detector

8 Waste container

8
5

1 Mobile phase is drawn out of the reservoir bottles and pumped through the tubing by the pump.
2 The degasser removes dissolved air from the mobile phase, preventing air bubbles and consequent rise,
drift or other baseline irregularities caused by dissolved air.
3 The pump sends the mobile phase through the autosampler, column and detector, in that order, and finally
into the waste container.
4 The mixer enhances mixing efficiency of the mobile phases.
5 The autosampler automatically injects the sample into the flow lines. By adding a rack changer, it is possible
to automatically change the autosampler racks.
6 In the column, the components are separated by means of the mutual interactions of the mobile phase and
the column packing (stationary phase).
7 The detector detects the components eluted from the column, and send the signal data to a Chromatopac
or PC.
8 Mobile phase from the detector drains into the waste container.
9 The CBM-20A system controller can control a maximum of 8 LC components (12 LC components as an option)
including a maximum of 4 pump units.

9-46 LC-20AT
 9.5 Mobile Phase Characteristics

9.5 Mobile Phase Characteristics

(7)
(1) Water
Solvent (3) Boiling Solubility (8) (9)
(*)η<.5cP, > 45°C (2) UV (4) Point Viscosity (5) (6) %Win20°C Dielectric p'+
(**)η<.5cP,< 45°C Source Cutoff R.I.25° (°C) (cP,25°C) p' e°a Solvent Constant e20 0.25e
p’and'Diele
FC-78 (*) ct.
210nm 1.267 50 0.4 < -2 -.25 1.88
FC-75 (Fluorescent (LC const.
1 solvent) 210(opaque 1.276 102 0.8 < -2 -.25 1.86
specific) (Function
under 210) 1.291 174 2.6 < -2 -.25 1.9 proportional
FC-43
to strength)
Isooctane(*)(2,2,4-
2 tri methylpentane) LC 197 1.389 99 0.47 0.1 0.01 0.011 1.94 0.1

3 n-Heptane(*) LC 195 1.385 98 0.40 0.2 0.01 0.010 1.92 0.5

4 n-Hexane(*) LC 190 1.372 69 0.30 0.1 0.01 0.010 1.88 0.5
5 n-Pentane(**) LC 195 1.355 36 0.22 0.0 0.00 0.010 1.84 0.5
6 Cyclohexane LC 200 1.423 81 0.90 -0.2 0.04 0.012 2.02 0.5
7 Cyclopentane(*) LC 200 1.404 49 0.42 -0.2 0.05 0.014 1.97 0.6
8 I-Chlorobutane(*) LC 220 1.400 78 0.42 1.0 0.26 7.4 2.8
Carbon
9 LC 380 1.624 46 0.34 0.3 0.15 0.005 2.64 1.7
disulfide
10 2-Chloropropane(**) LC 230 1.375 36 0.30 1.2 0.29 9.82 3.7
Carbon
11 LC 265 1.457 77 0.90 1.6 0.18 0.008 2.24 2.3
tetrachloride
12 n-Butyl ether 220 1.397 142 0.64 2.1 0.25 0.19 2.8 2.4
13 Triethylamine 1.398 89 0.36 1.9 0.54 2.4 2.4
14 Bromoethane(*) 1.421 38 0.38 2.0 0.35 9.4 4.3
15 i-Propyl ether(*) 220 1.365 68 0.38 2.4 0.28 0.62 3.9 3.2
16 Toluene LC 285 1.494 110 0.55 2.4 0.29 0.046 2.4 2.9
17 p-Xylene
18 Chlorobenzene
290 1.493
1.521
138
132
0.60
0.75
2.5
2.7
0.26
0.30
2.3
5.6
3.0
4.1
9
19 Bromobenzene 1.557 156 1.04 2.7 0.32 5.4 4.1
20 Iodobenzene 2.8 0.35
21 Phenyl ether 1.580 258 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.7
22 Phenetole 1.505 170 1.14 3.3 4.2 4.9
23 Ethyl ether(**) LC 218 1.350 35 0.24 2.8 0.38 1.3 4.3 4.0
24 Benzene LC 280 1.498 80 0.60 2.7 0.32 0.058 2.3 3.6
25 Tricresy phosphate
26 Ethyl iodide 1.510 72 0.57 2.2 7.8 4.2
27 n-Octanol 205 1.427 195 7.3 3.4 0.5 3.9 10.3 5.8
28 Fluorobenzene 1.46 85 0.55 3.1 5.4 4.6
29 Benzylether 1.538 288 4.5 4.1
30 Methylene chloride(**) LC 233 1.421 40 0.41 3.1 0.42 0.17 8.9 5.6
31 Anisole 1.514 154 0.9 3.8 4.3 4.6
32 i-Pentanol 1.405 130 3.5 3.7 0.61 9.2 14.7 7.3
33 1,2-Dichloroethane LC 228 1.442 83 0.78 3.5 0.44 0.16 10.4 6.3

LC-20AT 9-47
9. Technical Information

(7)
(1) Water
Solvent (3) Boiling Solubility (8) (9)
(*)η<.5cP, > 45°C (2) UV (4) Point Viscosity (5) (6) %Win20°C Dielectric p'+
(**)η<.5cP,< 45°C Source Cutoff R.I.25° (°C) (cP,25°C) p' e°a Solvent Constant e20 0.25e
34 t-Butanol 1.385 82 3.6 4.1 0.7 miscible 12.5
35 n-Butanol LC 210 1.397 118 2.6 3.9 0.7 20.1 17.5 8.3
36 n-Propanol LC 240 1.385 97 1.9 4.0 0.82 miscible 20.3
37 Tetrahydrofuran(*) LC 212 1.405 66 0.46 4.0 0.57 miscible 7.6
38 Propylamine(*) 1.385 48 0.35 4.2 miscible 5.3
39 Ethylacetate(*) LC 256 1.370 77 0.43 4.4 0.58 8.8 6.0 5.8
40 i-Propanol LC 205 1.384 82 1.9 3.9 0.82 miscible 20.3
41 Chloroform(*) LC 245 1.443 61 0.53 4.1 0.40 0.072 4.8 5.6
42 Acetophenone 1.532 202 1.64 4.8 17.4 8.7
43 Methylethyl LC 329 1.376 80 0.38 4.7 0.51 23.4 18.3 9.1
44 Cyclohexanone 1.450 156 2.0 4.7 18.3 9.1
45 Nitrobenzene 1.550 211 1.8 4.4 34.8 13.2
46 Benzonitrile 1.536 191 1.2 4.8 25.2 10.9
47 Dioxane LC 215 1.420 101 1.2 4.8 miscible 2.2
48 Tetramethyl urea LC 265 1.449 175 6.0 0.56 23.0 10.7
49 Quinoline 1.625 237 3.4 5.0 9.0 7.4
50 Pyridine 1.507 115 0.88 5.3 miscible 12.4
51 Nitroethane 380 1.390 114 0.64 5.2 0.9
Acetone(*) 1.356 56 0.30 5.1
52 Benzyl alcohol LC 330 0.71 miscible 13.1 8.8
1.538 205 5.5 5.7
Tetramethyl
53 6.1 0.6
guanidine
54 Methoxyethanol LC 210 1.400 125 1.60 5.5 miscible 19.9
Tris(cyanoethoxy)
55 propane GC 6.6 0.56

Propylene
56 LC 6.1
carbonate
57 Ethanol LC 210 1.359 78 10.8 4.3 miscible 24.6
58 Oxydipropionitrile GC 6.8
59 Aniline 1.584 184 3.77 6.3 6.9 8.1
60 Acetic acid 1.370 118 1.1 6.0 miscible 6.2
61 Acetonitrile(*) LC 190 1.341 82 0.34 5.8 miscible 37.5
62 N,N-dimethylaceta-mide LC 268 1.436 166 0.78 6.5 0.88 37.8
63 Dimethylformamide LC 268 1.428 153 0.80 6.4 36.7
64 Dimethylsulfoxide LC 268 1.477 189 2.00 7.2 0.62 miscible 4.7
65 N-methyl-2-pyrolidone LC 285 1.468 202 1.67 6.7 32
Hexamethyl phosphoric
66 acid triamide 1.457 233 3 7.4 0.65 30

67 Methanol(*) LC 205 1.326 65 0.54 5.1 miscible 32.7

68 Nitromethane 380 1.380 101 0.61 6.0 2.1
69 m-Cresol 1.540 202 14 7.4 11.8 10.0
70 N-methylformamide 1.447 182 1.65 6.0 miscible 182

9-48 LC-20AT
 9.5 Mobile Phase Characteristics

(7)
(1) Water
Solvent (3) Boiling Solubility (8) (9)
(*)η<.5cP, > 45°C (2) UV (4) Point Viscosity (5) (6) %Win20°C Dielectric p'+
(**)η<.5cP,< 45°C Source Cutoff R.I.25° (°C) (cP,25°C) p' e°a Solvent Constant e20 0.25e
71 Ethylene glycol 1.431 182 16.5 6.9 miscible 37.7
72 Formamide 1.447 210 3.3 9.6 miscible 111
73 Water LC 1.333 100 0.89 10.2 80

(1) An asterisk (*) indicates solvents most suitable for LC, with low boiling points (>45 °C) and low viscosity
(<0.5cP).
Double asterisks (**) indicates solvents with a very low viscosity and boiling point.
(2) “LC” indicates that a grade of solvent specifically for LC is commercially available from companies like the
following:
Burdick & Jackson, Baker Chemical, Mallinkrodt Chemical, Fischer Scientifie, Waters Associate,
Manufacturing Chemists. Inc.
“GC” indicates that a solvent is used as a stationary phase for gas chromatography, and can be
purchased from companies selling GC columns and stationary phases. (These solvents are used as
stationary phase in liquid-to-liquid LC.)
(3) The wavelength below which the solvent becomes opaque.
(4) Refractive index at 25°C.
(5) Polarity parameter of solvent.
(6) Solvent’s strength parameter in relation to liquid-to-solid adsorption in alumina.
(7) Water solubility (%W) at 20°C of solvent used in liquid-to -solid adsorption.
(8) Value at 20°C.
(9) Function consisting of P’ (proportional to solvent strength) plus the dielectric constant, in ion
chromatography.

Source: A.Krstulovic and P.R.Blown, Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography,

Wiley Interscience, 1982.

LC-20AT 9-49
9. Technical Information

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9-50 LC-20AT
 Index

Index

A ERROR LOG ................................................. 5-34

Error Message ................................................. 6-5
Accessory Pack .............................................. 1-4 EVENT .......................................................... 5-16
ADRS ............................................................ 5-21 EVENT1 ........................................................ 5-58
ALARM LEVEL ............................................. 5-31 EVENT2 ........................................................ 5-58
Auto Purging Function .................................. 5-56 External Input/Output Terminals ............ 2-5, 5-58
Automatic Rinsing Pump ........................ 1-6, 9-37 EXT-S ............................................................ 5-22
Auxiliary Functions ........................................ 5-12
F
B
FCV TYPE ..................................................... 5-23
BEEP MODE ................................................. 5-24 File ................................................................ 5-12
BRIGHT ........................................................ 5-22 FILE CPY ...................................................... 5-19
FILE DEL ....................................................... 5-19
FILE NUM ..................................................... 5-19
C
File Operation Group .....................5-5, 5-12, 5-19
Calibration Support Group .......... 5-11, 5-29, 5-39 FLOW CHECK .............................................. 5-37
CBM LINK ..................................................... 5-24 FLOW COMP FACT ...................................... 5-39
CBM PARAMETER ....................................... 5-41 Front Cover ............................................ 2-2, 9-11
CHANGE PASSWORD ................................. 5-41 Fuse Holders ................................................... 2-5
Check Valve .................................... 2-3, 8-4, 8-19
COM .............................................................. 5-58 G
COMP ........................................................... 5-16
Component Validation ..................................... 7-2 GE TEST PROGRAM ................................... 5-37
Constant Flow Delivery ............................ 4-2, 4-6 GOTO ............................................................ 5-54
Constant Pressure Delivery ..................... 4-2, 4-7
Consumable Parts ............................... 9-42, 9-43
H
Control Settings Group ................. 5-5, 5-13, 5-20
Cutting Tubings ............................................... 9-6 Hardware Validation ........................................ 7-2
High-Pressure Gradient .................................. 4-9
D
I
DATE ............................................................ 5-35
DEGAS PRS ................................................. 5-26 INITIALIZE PARAM ....................................... 5-40
DGU PRESS connector .................................. 2-5 Input PASSWORD ........................................ 5-39
DGU/SOL.V connector ........................... 2-5, 9-35 Installation ....................................................... 9-2
Display Panel ........................................... 2-2, 2-6 Installation Space ............................................ 9-3
Drain Tubing ................................................. 9-13
Drain Valve ..................................................... 2-3
Drain Valve Knob ............................................ 2-2
K
KEY CLOSE .................................................. 5-21
E Keypad ..................................................... 2-2, 2-7

ERR IN .......................................................... 5-58

LC-20AT Index-1
Index

L Power Supply Connection ............................... 9-5

Power Switch ................................................... 2-2
L SEAL DELIVERED ..................................... 5-33 P-PMAX ......................................................... 5-18
LEAK SENSOR TEST ................................... 5-38 PRESS COMP FACT .................................... 5-39
LEAK THR ..................................................... 5-40 Product Information Group ............5-8, 5-27, 5-32
Leakage Drain Tubing ................................... 9-14 PRS-UNIT ..................................................... 5-23
LEAKAGE TEST ........................................... 5-37 P-SET ............................................................ 5-20
Line Filter ........................................................ 2-3 P-TIMER ........................................................ 5-17
LOCAL .......................................................... 5-21 PULSE CHECK ............................................. 5-36
LOOP ............................................................ 5-54 Pump Head .............................................. 2-3, 8-5
Low-Pressure Gradient ................................. 4-11 PUMP OFF .................................................... 5-58
LPGE MODE ................................................. 5-17 PUMP ON ...................................................... 5-58
PUMP PRESS connector ....................... 2-5, 9-36

M
R
Maintenance Information Group .... 5-9, 5-28, 5-32
MAINTENANCE LOG ................................... 5-33 R SEAL DELIVERED .................................... 5-33
Maintenance Parts ........................................ 9-42 RANGE .......................................................... 5-23
Maximum Pressure Limit ................................. 4-4 REMOTE Connector .............................. 2-5, 9-31
MEMORY CHECK ........................................ 5-36 Replacement of Check Valves ...................... 8-19
Minimum Pressure Limit .................................. 4-5 Replacement of Drain Valve ASSY ............... 8-25
Mixer ...................................................... 1-6, 9-24 Replacement of Fuse .................................... 8-27
MOBILE PHASE ........................................... 5-31 Replacement of Line Filter ............................ 8-22
Mobile Phase Monitor Group ........ 5-8, 5-27, 5-31 Replacement of Plunger Seal .......................... 8-5
MODE CHANG ............................................. 5-20 Replacement of Plungers .............................. 8-11
MON FLOW .................................................. 5-25 Replacement of Rinse Flow Line Seal .......... 8-16
MON ID ......................................................... 5-25 Replacement of Suction Filter ....................... 8-24
MON REV ..................................................... 5-26 Replacement Parts ........................................ 9-42
MON SV ........................................................ 5-26 Replacing the Mobile Phase .......................... 4-16
MON TIME .................................................... 5-24
Monitor Settings Group ................. 5-7, 5-13, 5-24
S

O SEAL REPLACEMENT ................................. 5-40

SERIAL NUMBER ......................................... 5-32
OP MODE ..................................................... 5-40 Shipping Screws ....................................... 2-4, 9-4
OPERATION LOG ........................................ 5-34 Specifications ................................................ 9-39
Optional Parts ................................................. 1-5 S-PROT ......................................................... 5-23
START ........................................................... 5-58
STOP ............................................................. 5-53
P
SV .................................................................. 5-15
Parameter Settings Group ............ 5-4, 5-12, 5-15 SYS ............................................................... 5-22
PART REPLACEMENT ................................. 5-33 System Controller ........................5-56, 9-32, 9-46
Periodic Inspection and Maintenance ............. 8-2 System Settings Group .................5-5, 5-13, 5-21
Periodic Validation .......................................... 7-3 System Validation ................................... 7-2, 7-28
P-FLOW ........................................................ 5-17 S/W ID ........................................................... 5-32
Plumbing ....................................................... 9-10
Plunger Rinsing ............................................. 4-14
Power Connector ............................................ 2-5

Index-2 LC-20AT
 Index

T
TIME ............................................................. 5-35
Time Program ............................................... 5-45
TOTAL OP TIME ........................................... 5-32
Troubleshooting and Corrective Action ........... 6-2

V
Validation Support Group ............ 5-10, 5-28, 5-35
Validation:Pump .............................................. 7-7
VP Functions .......................................... 5-8, 5-27

W
Wiring ............................................................ 9-30

Z
ZERO ADJ .................................................... 5-20

LC-20AT Index-3
Index

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Index-4 LC-20AT