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Topic 4 - Actions To Be Take During Grounding

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27 views29 pages

Topic 4 - Actions To Be Take During Grounding

Uploaded by

74k7mvtnky
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ensuring Excellence at sea at all times

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COURSE
INTRODUCTION

The course will provide knowledge,


understanding, and proficiency to the
actions to be taken for the protection and
safety of passengers in emergency
situations, following a collision and
grounding, principles of ship handling, the
effects of deadweight, draft, trim, speed
and under keel clearance on turning circles
and stopping distance, effects of wind and
current on ship handling while maintaining
safety of navigation.

2
ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN
FOLLOWING GROUNDING
• State that, on stranding, the engines should
be stopped, watertight doors closed, the
general alarm sounded and, if on a falling
tide, the engines should be put full astern to
see if the ship will immediately refloat
TOPIC
• State that the engineers should be warned to
change to high-level water intakes
OBJECTIVES

• State that a distress or urgency signal should


be transmitted and survival craft prepared if
necessary
• State that all tanks and compartments should
be sounded and the ship inspected for
damage

• State that any discharge or probable TOPIC


discharge of harmful substances should be OBJECTIVES
reported to the nearest coast radio station

• State that soundings should be taken to


establish the depth of water round the ship
and the nature of the bottom
• Describe measures which can be taken to
prevent further damage to the ship and to
assist with subsequent refloating

• Explain how ballast or other weights may be TOPIC


moved, taken on or discharged to assist OBJECTIVES
refloating

• Describe the use of ground tackle for hauling


off
• Describe ways in which tugs may be used to
assist in refloating TOPIC
OBJECTIVES
• Describe the use of the main engine in
attempting to refloat and the danger of
building up silt from its use
Actions to be
taken
Click the topics to
learn more
Tug
Assistance
GROUNDIN and Ground
Tackle
G
Preventive
measures to
further Damage
GROUNDING or STRANDING

is the accidental grounding of


a vessel on a beach or
shoreline while grounding is
the accidental contact with the
sea bed other than the shoreline.
Actions to be taken
following GROUNDING
Seamanship 5
On grounding the
general alarm must be
sounded

Close Watertight
Doors
• On grounding, the engines
should be stopped if on a falling
tide, the engines should be put
full astern to see if the ship will
immediately re-float.

• The engineers should be warned


to change to high-level water
intakes.
Distress or urgency signal
should be transmitted and
survival craft prepared if
necessary.
• All tanks and compartments should be
sounded and the ship should be
inspected for damage as well as
soundings of depth of water around
the ship and the nature of the bottom

• Any discharge or probable discharge


of harmful substances
should be reported
When a ship has run aground various
factors have to be considered before any
action is taken.

Prior to any immediate refloating attempt


the master should obtain full information
about any
possible structural damage to the ship.
• If the ship is structurally
intact and the surrounding
circumstances have been
carefully considered,

• An immediate attempt may


be made by using the own
engines and other means
available within the ship
Tug Assistance
If an early refloating
attempt did not have
any success or seems to
be not reasonable, help
from
outside will be necessary,
tug
assistance or other
means.
Tugs must be positioned to:

• Achieve the most effective pull

• Prevent mutual interference

• Avoid fouling beach gear


ground legs
Ground Tackle
Ground tackle consists
of all the equipment
used in
anchoring. This includes
the anchors, anchor
cables or chain,
connecting devices, and
the anchor windlass.
Pulling systems of ground tackles for
stranding ships are made to gain
maximum effect of salvaging and
minimize interference. In rare
circumstances, shallow draft tugs,
jacks, heavy vehicles, or barges
rigged with ground tackle can be
used to push a casualty off the beach.
Measures which can be
taken to prevent further
damage to the ship
When a ship goes aground, the
initial reaction on the bridge is
to back down using the engines.
Before attempts are made,
consideration
should be given to:

• Depth of Water

• Sea Floor Composition

• Possible Damage to Propellers


and Hull
If propellers are reversed and
there is no tendency of the ship
to back away, no further
attempts to move the ship by
means of the screws should be
made.

• primary reasons we do not


continue to use propulsion
in a grounding situation

Click on the picture to


learn more
The ship's screws become less
effective in shallow water and
the ship may squat. Propellers
may also be damaged due to
contact with the sea floor.
SIL
This silt can beTsucked into sea
chests, fouling necessary cooling
equipment
required to maintain the ship's
propulsion systems.

Propeller wash will drive silt in and


around the hull, possibly causing a
suction when the ship is pulled from
its location.
Prior to Refloating:
In preparing for refloating, at least the
following items are checked:

• Overall seaworthiness

• The bottom for damage hidden when the


ship was beached
• Piping systems and machinery
• All systems necessary to the transit
End of Topic powered by:

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