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Lecture 1, 2 & 3

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18 views74 pages

Lecture 1, 2 & 3

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ertc13m220110
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Erbil Technology College

Construction and Materials Technology


Engineering Department

Lecture 1 ,2 & 3
Calculus I
Code: CAL114

Lecturer
Lawin Dh. Hayder
Function, domain and range:

y= f(x), represent a function.


x is an independent variable,
y is a dependent variable.
Domain is a set of all possible inputs of a
function,
Range is a set of all possible outputs of a
function.
Graphs of function:
Even, odd function: symmetry
Classes of functions:
Example:

y = 25 + 5x
let x = 1 then y = 25 + 5(1) = 30
let x = 3 then y = 25 + 5(3) = 40
Exercise: Find the slope of the line through each pair of points.
(17, −6), (−11, 7)
− 13
m=
28
Example
Negative power functions
Fractional power functions
Example:
Algebraic Function
One to one function:
One to One Function
Inverse functions:
Finding inverses:
Inverse function :-

Example:-

Class Activity:-
Composite functions:
Composition functions:-
Example 1: Consider the functions 𝑔: 𝑅 → 𝑅, 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℎ: 𝑅 →
𝑅 defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℎ = 1 − 𝑥 Find the
compositions of functions: 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ∘ ℎ & 𝑓 ∘ (𝑔 ∘ ℎ).

Solution: ( 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ∘ ℎ)(𝑥) = 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 h x = 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 (1-x )= f(g( 1-x)) =


f(( 1−x)2 )
2
= 2 ( 1−x) + 3.
𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ∘ ℎ 𝑥 = 𝑓 ∘ (𝑔 ℎ 𝑥 = 𝑓∘ 𝑔 1−𝑥 = f(( 1−x)2 )
= 2 ( 1−x)2 + 3.
Example 2: Consider the functions g:R→R and f:R→R defined as
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3, 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 .
Find 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔(2) & 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓(2).

Solution: 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔(2) = 𝑓(𝑔(2)) = 𝑓(22 ) = 2 (4) +3=11.


𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 2 = 𝑔(𝑓 2 ) = 𝑔(2(2) + 3) = (7)2 = 49.
Then 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 ≠ 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓.
Example:
Exponential functions
Laws of exponents:
Exponential Function
Logarithmic functions:
Logarithm Function
Logarithm Function
Example:-
Example:-
Trigonometric Functions:
The six basic trigonometric functions:
Example:-
Example:-
Trigonometric Function :-
Exercises\ Prove that:
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵
1. tan 𝐴 + 𝐵 = .
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐵

𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
2. 2+
1−cot 𝑥
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
.

𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
3. 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
=
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
.

2 tan 𝐴
4. 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝐴 =
1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝐴

5.

Note:
sin(𝐴+𝐴) sin 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝐴 = tan(𝐴 +𝐴) = =
cos(𝐴 +𝐴) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴
Inverse of trigonometric functions:

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