Key2e SB2 Answerkey

Key 2nd edition Student’s Book 2 - Answer Key
Starter 2 1 She got a job after she had left school. /

After she had left school, she got a job.
Starter A Present & past tenses
2 I fell asleep while I was sitting on the
A A ’re / are watching sofa. / While I was sitting on the sofa, I fell
asleep.
B watch
3 I phoned her as soon as I’d heard the
C believe
news. / As soon as I’d heard the news, I
D went phoned her.
E was running 4 She hadn’t been out of the country
before she went on holiday last year. /
1 A present continuous Before she went on holiday last year, she
B present simple hadn’t been out of the country.
C present simple 5 They didn’t know about the concert

because they hadn’t seen the poster. /
D past simple Because they hadn’t seen the poster, they
didn’t know about the concert.
E past continuous
6 I phoned him straight away when I had
2 present continuous and past continuous
got his text message. / When I had got his
3 ‘believe’ is a stative verb describing text message, I phoned him straightaway.
thoughts not actions, so it cannot be used
in continuous tenses.
3 1 I’ve have had it for years.
2 Where have you bought did you buy it?
B 1 A the rain stopped
3 Actually, my parents have given gave it
B the match started to me for my 13th birthday.
2 A had stopped 4 correct
B had started 5 I’ve wrote written loads of songs with it
when I first got it.
3 The past perfect shows this event
happened before another in the past. 6 correct
7 Yes, but I haven’t used it much since I’d
got I got a guitar.
C 1 B, D, F (PS)
2 A, C (PP)
4 1A
3 E (PP)
2B
3A
D 1 A 4C
2 B 5A
6C
7A
Practice
8A
1 1 are you doing: present action in progress
9B
2 done: action is complete
10 C
3 didn’t understand: understand is a stative
verb and is not used in continuous tenses 11 C
4 knows: know is a stative verb and is not 12 C

used in continuous tenses 13 B
5 been learning: the continuous form is 14 A
used to focus on the duration of the action
6 do you get: the present simple is used
for facts and states
Starter B Future forms & 2 The taxi will be waited waiting outside in
ten minutes.
question forms 3 What am I going to do?
A 1E 4 Who did give gave you that money?
2H 5 (correct)
3G 6 Have you waited been waiting here for
long?
4F
5B
6A 3 1 How long have you been studying
English?
7C
2 When did you last go to the cinema?
8D
3 Have you ever posted a video online?
4 What are you doing tomorrow night?
A present simple
5 Are you going to go to university?
B present continuous
6 What will you be doing at 8 p.m.?
C future continuous
7 Where were your parents living when
D future perfect you were born?
8 How long do you spend online every
day?
We use the present simple to talk about
future events that are part of a timetable. 9 Which sports star inspires you?
We use the present continuous for definite
plans and arrangements in the future. 10 How long is it since you last rode a
bike?
B Translations: Students’ own answers

4 1 we’re going
1A
2 I’m going to
2 C My teacher teaches me. D He teaches
the students. 3 it’s going to be
Who refers to an object in D. 4 I’ll be learning
3 E Possible answer: Haven’t you already 5 we’ll have finished

seen that film? 6 I’ll meet
4H 7 I’ll
Practice 5 1 ’re going to be late
1 1 will / ’ll help 2 will be a lot of traffic
2 will win 3 leaves at 10 a.m.
3 am / ’m going to get 4 ’ll help you pack
4 are / ’re going to stay 5 ’ll be sitting on a bus
5 is having 6 ’ll have arrived
6 will / ’ll have visited

7 will / ’ll be sitting 6 1 How long ago was the trip? / How long is
it since she went on the trip?
8 arrives
2 Who did she go with?
3 Can she remember it?
4 How long did it take to get to Biarritz?
2 1 I think you’re becoming you’ll become
famous when you’re older. 5 Where was her / the hostel?
6 What did she do on her first day / the 3 1 false friends
next day?
2 idiom / expression
7 How did she find surfing?
3 fluently
8 What was she doing for the first 20
minutes? 4 translation
9 Did she finally manage to catch a wave? 5 meaning; synonyms (discussion / chat)
10 What is she doing now? 6 slang
11 When is she going to Australia? 7 comment on
12 What course is she going to do?

Listening
1 Connections 4 1 She wants to practise the French she
learns in class.
1A Introduction Words & worlds 2 By using text and voice messages.

3 expressions / idioms
Lead in
1 Possible answers: 5 1 French and English.
1 I find learning new vocabulary quite easy 2 grammar corrections and new words and
because I make flashcards and look at expressions.
them a lot. I also remember words easily,
but I find learning grammar difficult. It 3 translating and correcting.
takes me a long time to understand the
idea and then use it when I’m writing or 4 idiom / expression.
speaking. 5 she told their mother about a surprise
2 I think I’m quieter when I speak English, party.
but that’s because I’m not confident 6 going back to university.
speaking. Maybe in the future, I’ll be really
sociable in English, just like I am in my first
language. 6 1 how
2 Could
Vocabulary Language & 3 mean
communication 4 of
2 1 A When someone accidentally says 5 what

something that is embarrassing or that 6 opposite
upsets or annoys someone else.
7 say
B When someone has been working too
hard as well as trying to do other things, he 8 Do
isn’t getting enough sleep because he
9 what
goes to bed late and gets up early.
C When you only just manage to do
something.
Pronunciation Difficult sounds
2 Students’ own answers.
8 1 discussion, translation
3 A and C
2 mother, discussion
4B
3 skills, translation, speaker
5 false friends: discussion, argument
cognate: dialogue, comment on 4 have
6 A a person 5 brilliant, translation
B a language
C a language 9 Students’ own answers.
Video A brief guide to language 4 interpret
5 varied
6 defining
11 1D
2C Vocabulary Feelings
3A 6 1 isolated
4B 2 sad
3 frustrated
12 Possible answers: 4 delighted
Influence of the British Empire in the 5 affectionate

nineteenth century 6 empathetic / empathic
Influence of American culture in the
twentieth century
7 annoying / annoyed
Technology uses a lot of English
terminology boring / bored
English is relatively simple confusing / confused
embarassing / embarassed
1B Reading Language & identity enthusiastic

hopeful / hopeless
jealous
1 C
relieved
2 1 True. (… approximately 65% of the

global population speaks more than one False friends: realize, introduce
language …) Cognates: express, suffer, diverse,
2 False. (Multilingualism often reflects a influence
rich multicultural heritage.)
3 True. (… there is also evidence to
suggest that language can actually shape
Extra activity: Exam practice
our personality.) 1 Many countries, such as Spain and
Canada, have multiple languages.
4 False. (… researchers are also
uncovering health benefits to being fluent 2 Being monolingual in South Africa is not
in more than one language …) only unusual but is also regarded as a
social disadvantage.
5 True. (Regardless of whether we are
multi- or monolingual, our language plays 3 As well as connecting us to our ancestry,
an essential role in defining who we are.) there is also evidence to suggest that
language can shape our personality.
4 It is accepted that multilingualism
3 1 It may be normal to speak multiple
increases empathy.
different languages.
2 Without access to his linguistic heritage,
he has been denied full access to the
Cypriot part of his identity and feels
1C Grammar Reported speech
frustrated and sad.
Grammar video
3 They understand that people, situations
and customs vary as well as languages. A The verbs that don’t change are:
– had learned because it is in the past
perfect, and the past perfect doesn’t
3 1 regarded change in reported speech.
2 exposed to
3 denied
– would like because it uses the modal 4 She said she would send me a photo
verb would, and most modal verbs don’t because the fish was really big.
change tense in reported speech.
5 She said she had decided she was going
– am planning because you do not need to to have fish and chips every week.
change the tense if the reporting verb is in
the present, or if the original statement
was about something that is still true. 3 1 Louisa apologized for losing my
Most verbs move ‘one step’ further into the sunglasses.
past. 2 John denied breaking my camera.
3 Kylie admitted forgetting to upload the
B A was going file.
B to 4 Becky promised to keep in touch.
C Paul to 5 Harry suggested going to the cinema

this week.
D stealing
E buying
4 1 She ordered me not to go.
2 I told you not to eat the cake.
1 We use a direct object with ‘told’, but not
with ‘said’. 3 She told me not to open the door.
2 A: ‘I’m not going out.’ → She told me /

said that she wasn’t going out. 5 1 what hobbies she did.
B: ‘I won’t help.’ → She refused to help. 2 if / whether it was normal to say hello to
3 Structure C is for commands and strangers in my country.
requests. 3 where she would like to travel to and
why.
C 1 False 4 what languages I wished I could speak.
2 True
3 False 6 1 I play hockey on a team and we train
three times per week after school.
2 I think it’s normal to say hello to
Practice strangers in Spain. When I go to the local
shop, I say hello to people and I don’t
1 2 She said her new housemates had just know them. It’s friendly.
made her a cup and it was disgusting.
3 I would like to travel to Canada because
3 She said she had been having a siesta, there is incredible countryside and I want
so she had arrived about 45 minutes late. to climb the Rocky Mountains.
4 She said she needs to learn more 4 I wish I could speak Latin because it’s
English expressions. the origin of so many languages, like
Spanish.
5 She said she had been in a café the day
before and it had started raining.
6 She said she was going to try fish and 7 1 Harry begged Taylor not to go. (word
chips the next day. order)
7 She said she would let Andrew know 2 Joey suggested watching / (that) we
how it went. watch the match. (incorrect structure for
reporting verb)
3 Hassan asked Tim whether he wrote a
2 1 She said she was having fish and chips blog. (incorrect form)
with one of her new housemates.
4 Gavin accused Leah of stealing his idea.
2 She said she had been looking at the (incorrect preposition and verb form)
menu for ages before she had chosen
what fish to have. 5 Mr Turner told us / me (or said) to arrive
early for the test. (direct personal object
3 She said it’s traditional to have salt and with tell)
vinegar on fish and chips.
6 Mohammed told John that he couldn’t 8 instant messaging
help him. (incorrect structure for reporting
verb and incorrect verb tense)
Listening
Consolidation 4 1 listening in
8 1 Mike asked if Fay felt part of her local 2 phones and photos
community. 3 phones on speakerphone
2 Fay replied that she does now, but she 4 food and phones
hadn’t when she was younger.
5 unintentional calls
3 Fay told Mike that she hadn’t valued her
parents’ culture as a child.
4 Mike suggested she should / could visit 5 1C
her parents’ hometown in China. 2C
5 Fay admitted that she had forgotten a lot 3C
of Chinese.
4B
6 Fay promised to cook for Mike.
5A
9 1 I eat a lot of food that is typical in Spain.

For example, jamon, cocido and my Extra activity: Speaking
favourite, pimientos de Padrón.
1 False. (You can still hear the tinny
2 I like hip-hop music that is from North noise.)
America and I really like Japanese food,
like sushi and noodles. 2 False. (It’s easy to ignore it when you
can hear everything they say.)
3 I don’t know much about their lives,
except what I have seen in old 3 True.
photographs. I think they … 4 True.
5 False. (It happens by accident when your
phone is not locked.)
1D Communication
Conversations
Speaking
Vocabulary Phone life
7 (Possible answers in brackets)
1 1 get through
1 glad (pleased, disappointed)
2 swipe
2 What (Who, Where)
3 emoji
3 kidding (joking, sure)
4 run out of battery
4 a shame (good, great, disappointing)
5 predictive text
5 Exactly! (Of course!)
6 spam
6 a shame (good, great, disappointing,
7 stream surprising)
8 on speakerphone
1E Writing An opinion essay

2 1 cut off
2 ringtone
Model text
3 charger 1 1 Yes.
4 lost signal 2 Students’ own answers. Possible

answers:
5 offline
I agree that games give students a real
6 tag reason to use and practice language, but I
think that students often use their first
7 follow language if they share it with other
students, when they can’t express 2 It’s obvious, however, that we need to
themselves during a game. learn.
3 People are unlike machines, which don’t
have feelings.
2 1 Yes.
4 Learning a language, like learning
2 I would argue that; I believe that; I would anything, can be useful.
support
5 The story was simple. On the other
3 First and foremost hand, it was very beautiful.
4 for example 6 We bought some bread, six apples and a
5 Making mistakes. large cake at the market.
6 Yes.
8 1 accepted
Extra activity: Speaking 2 foremost
1 accepted 3 For
2 positive 4 In
3 As a result 5 believe
4 create
5 retain Speaking Preparing to write
Writing skills An opinion essay

3 In a discussion essay, you consider both 10 Online classes
sides of an argument and explain them For: There are apps and videos available,
before giving your own opinion as a they’re good for studying for short periods
conclusion. of time every day, some apps allow you to
speak with native speakers, some are free.
4 1 agree Against: not clear how effectively you can

learn, could be missing important
2 don’t language, no guarantee your work is
correct, nobody to correct your writing,
3 reason
video comments suggest grammar is
4 another unreliable, native speakers might teach
you incorrect language.
5 statement
Face-to-face learning
For: Classes were interesting and students
5 1 In addition to this, As well as this were international, teacher was great, can
2 Despite this ask the teacher any questions right away,
follow a coursebook with a planned
3 so, Therefore, As a result, Consequently syllabus, class means the correct level for
the learner.
Against: they are expensive.
6 1 As well as this,
2 Despite this,
3 so Skills Extra Listening
4 Therefore 1 1 It’s a podcast about books and literature.
5 As a result, 2 An AI language generator called GPT-3.
6 Consequently, 3 GPT-3 has written an essay about why
humans should not fear AI (artificial
intelligence).
7 1 You could use tablets, mobiles or
computers.
2 1B
2C
2 Mind and body
3B 2A Introduction How active are
4D you?
5B
Lead in
6C
1 Possible answers:
7A
1 I really like doing exercise because I feel
8C good afterwards. I also enjoy playing
basketball with my friends because we
have fun together.
2 I go swimming every Monday and play
basketball twice a week. Apart from that I
walk to school every day, so I think I do
Skills extra Video enough exercise.
3 I think sports are good for your mental
Video Digital training for the health because I feel very positive after
elderly playing tennis.
3 1 … use the internet.

2 … she doesn’t have digital skills, so she Vocabulary Sport
can’t go online to speak to friends and
family. 2 1 150+
3 … to connect with her community and 2 Exactly
family who live abroad.
3 regular
4 … to take action / be proactive.
4 more
5 one
4 1 True.
2 False. (Elderly people often say they
3 Verbs: motivate, sign up, take part, get
don’t need technology if they’ve lived for
through, cheer, drop out
so long without it.)
Nouns: championship, trophy, teammate,
3 True.
wellbeing, event, spectator
4 False. (It takes place at Lilian’s home.)
Adjectives: active, sedentary, moderate,
5 False. (Ryan uses a tablet.) competitive, sporty, balanced
5 3A 4 1 signed up, championship, take part,

teammates
5C
2 spectators, cheering, event, motivates
1D
3 Competitive, getting through, trophy
2E
4 sporty, moderate, wellbeing
4B
Pronunciation Word stress

5 1 moderate
2 active
3 competitive
4 balanced
5 spectator
6 teammate
7 championship 13 Possible answers:
Team sports increase self-esteem.
8 event
Team sports build strong relationships.
Team sports teach that life isn’t always
Listening fair.
7 1 tell Team sports teach discipline.
2 like
3 often 2B Reading e-sports
4 did
1 C
5 good
6 better
2 1 True. (Following the closure of sporting
7 spend events due to the COVID-19 virus, the final
8 What of the World Tennis Association’s Madrid
Open ended up online.)
9 long
2 False. (As well as making traditional
10 anybody sports more accessible, e-sports can also
make them more available.)
11 been
3 False. (Virtual sports also offer valuable
12 Would training opportunities for traditional
athletes.)
8 Interview 1: How often do you train? Do

you spend a lot of time and money on it?
What do you get out of it? Is it something
4 1B
anybody could do? 2C
Interview 2: Can you tell me about your 3A
sport? How often do you train? Are you
good at it? Have you ever been injured?
Interview 3: Can you tell me about your 5 1 Because you don’t need to be a
sport? How did you get into it? Is it professional cyclist to enter and it doesn’t
something anybody could do? Do you cost very much money to race.
think you can get better at it? 2 They can practice making different
decisions and this helps them to make
decisions in a real match.
9 1 £20 per month
3 It seems that players with good virtual
2 Strengthen with moderate games before abilities have more ability playing
taking part in full-length matches. traditional football.
3 It’s really fun and great for fitness.
4 She’s making good progress, but needs 6 Possible answers:
to improve her balance.
1 For: Some e-sports require physical
5 They got through to a final and won. movement, such as e-cycling, and similar
6 Being tall and being able to jump high. skills to traditional sports such as spatial
awareness. They are competitive and you
have to train. They can be individual or in
teams.
Video Three things you didn’t Against: You don’t move in many e-
know about your body sports, everyone is on a screen rather than
in person.
12 1 releasing carbon dioxide when we
breathe. 2 For: The industry makes a lot of money.
Professional athletes and coaches use it
2 oxygen for training, and evidence suggests that it
3 mental health. improves athlete performance in traditional
sports. It can make traditional sports more
inclusive.
Against: It’s bad for your health because 3 … there are elements of e-sports that
you’re looking at a screen. Players / are influencing its traditional counterpart.
Participants are more sedentary. DEF
3 For: It’s competitive, attracts many 4 Professional players, whose skills and
spectators and requires a lot of skill. tactics are refined through e-sports,
perhaps owe some of their success to the
Against: It’s a game rather than a sport digital game. NON-DEF
5 This helps them to find solutions for
themselves and be better equipped to
Vocabulary Phrasal verbs make split-second decisions when they’re
7 1 come up with playing high-pressured, important
matches. DEF
2 keep track
6 The world of e-sports, where participants
3 take over compete in digital versions of traditional
sports such as tennis, football and
4 work out athletics, is a highly disciplined and
5 go ahead increasingly popular industry. NON-DEF
6 end up
We use which / that for things, who / that
for people, whose for possessives, when
8 1 work out for times and where for places.
2 go ahead
3 keep track B 1 True
4 end up 2 True
5 take over 3 False
6 come up with 4 False
1 Even though C 1 Which

2 For this reason 2 that
3 As well as 3 What
4 In addition 4 that, which
Extra activity: Exam practice D A

1 seriously
2 traditional
3 accessible
Practice
4 ability 1 1 The Kitesurfing World Cup is held in
places such as Tarifa where the wind and
5 moving weather conditions are excellent.
2 Contestants are kitesurfers whose
videos of them doing tricks help decide if
2C Grammar Relative clauses the can compete.
3 The prize money is approximately
Grammar video €30,000, which is divided between the
winners.
A 1 All they need is a fixed bike and an app
which keeps track of their progress. DEF 4 Ines Correira (Portugal) and James
Carew (Australia) are the kitesurfers who
2 Every year, the British Cycling eRacing
won the 2020 World Cup.
Championships attracts thousands of
competitors who take part from their
homes. DEF
2 1 medal
2 a cup
3 fans 8 1 She’s the goalkeeper who she plays for
a men’s football team.
4 semi-finals
2 I love the e-sports that they shows on
5 aerobics
TV.
6 substitute
3 Fulham FC’s stadium, where they play
7 gym their home matches, holds about 30,000
spectators.
8 participant
4 This is the racket what that Jenni uses.
9 badminton
10 physiotherapist
Practice
3 Students’ own answers. 1 1 ’ll go
2 ’s going
4 1 Where are the tickets (which / that) I 3 ’re going to go

gave to you? 4 ’ll go
2 Our fans, who are very loyal, are great. 5 goes
3 The course (which / that) they described 6 ’s going to
to me is difficult.
4 The team which / that beat us won the
trophy. 2 1 We’re going
5 My coach, whose methods include e- 2 going to relax
sports, has helped me a lot.
3 you’ll have
4 are you going to get
We can omit the relative pronouns in
5 leaves
sentences 1 and 3 because they are the
object of the verb in the relative clause. 6 will be
7 I’ll drive
5 1 that (can be omitted) 8 I finish
2 which 9 I’ll take
3 what
4 who / that 4 1 will … be working
5 that (can be omitted) 2 won’t have finished
3 ’ll have read
6 1 who / that; to 4 won’t be watching
2 which / that; for 5 ’ll be playing
3 which / that; against 6 ’ll be relaxing
4 which; in 7 Will … have fixed
7 1 The commentator to whom I was 6 1 will have, will be processing, will have
listening was very excited. developed
2 The event for which you signed up has 2 will be, won’t be doing, will have become
been cancelled.
3 will be, will be living, will have discovered
3 What’s the name of the team against
which we are playing?
4 The Premier League, in which 20 teams 8 1 I’ve arrived
play, is very tough. 2 we’re ready
3 starts
4 you’ve had
5 I’ve finished
Listening
3 A Ultimate Frisbee, 4
Consolidation B climbing, 5
9 1 which C yoga, 1
2 that (can be omitted) D Zumba, 3
3 who / that E kick-boxing, 2
4 to whom
5 which 4 1 because she wants to motivate students
to be more active.
6 where
2 they are in groups and they are looking
7 which
the same way.
8 what
3 a combination of well-known activities as
9 which / that well as new fitness ideas.
10 whose 4 she didn’t enjoy kicking.
5 play Ultimate Frisbee / jump high.
2D Communication 6 your balance, flexibility and strength.
Conversations
Extra activity: Listening
1 Possible answers:
1 They are all related to fitness and
1 I enrolled in a fitness class at the gym, exercise.
so I go there twice a week and I rest well. I
make sure I sleep at least eight hours 2 He prefers working out with other people.
every night.
3 Zumba uses music.
2 I wouldn’t cut out one unhealthy habit per
month. I enjoy my unhealthy habits, like 4 Yoga and climbing.
eating chocolate, so I don’t think I need to
cut it out.
5 1 As
3 I would choose staying hydrated,
because I get headaches if I don’t drink 2 common
enough water and I feel tired. Number 2
3 related
would be to be mindful each day, even if
I’m really busy! For number 3, I would say 4 like
make sure you are well rested. I used to
go to bed really late, so I was always late 5 be
for school because I couldn’t get out of 6 whereas
bed. Now I make sure that I get at least
seven hours of sleep every night, so I feel 7 hand
ready to get up for school in the mornings.
Speaking
2 Possible answers:
6 1C
1 Enrol in a fitness class or enter an event
with some friends and train for it together. 2A
2 Take up a martial art or do yoga and 3B
take a moment to be mindful each day.
4D
3 Set a goal for something you want to
5E
achieve, and get in shape by creating a
keep-fit schedule. Try to cut out one
unhealthy habit per month.
7 Possible answers:
4 Enrol in a fun dance class.
The photos are similar because they both
5 Set a goal to give yourself a positive show sports, but in the first photo, the
focus and train with friends. person is running with a dog, so it’s an
individual sport. They may be in the
countryside. The second photo shows a The second paragraph gives one
team sport and I think they’re playing on a recommendation.
pitch.
The third paragraph gives a second
I think the person in photo A feels calm recommendation.
and happy to be with a dog and nobody
else, whereas I think the people in photo B The final paragraph describes the writer’s
are focussed, excited and probably feeling opinion.
competitive.
I go running on my own a lot so that’s why
I think the person in photo A feels calm Writing skills A report
because running makes me feel calm and 4 1 I would recommend teaching more skills.
gives me time to think about things. I have
friends who play team sports and they say 2 Perhaps we should consider creating a
they feel very determined when they’re committee.
playing, so the people in the second photo
may feel determined too. 3 We suggest a new representative.
I would like to try a team sport because it 4 We should organize a fundraising event.
looks exciting and fun being with other 5 We (would) recommend advertising for a
people, but also a bit stressful because media Professional.
you might make a mistake and your
teammates would be angry with you.
5 1B
2E
2E Writing A report
3C
Model text 4A
1 1 Fit West gym. 5G
2 They want to attract more members. 6H
3 Open-water swimming. 7D
8F
2 Obstacle course advantages: fun
challenge, collaborative rather than purely
competitive, adventurous Skills Extra Reading
Obstacle course disadvantages: mud,
wouldn’t want to do it as a regular activity, Reading Ten days, two hours, 48
far from the gym minutes
Lake swimming advantages: good 1 Possible answers:
exercise, use all your muscles, good if you
have injuries, reduces stress Independent, good at planning and making
decisions, physically and mentally strong.
Lake swimming disadvantages: cold
3 1 A group of about 250 male and female

3 1 The objective / aim of this report is …
cyclists.
2 option, advantages, disadvantages 2 She could have completed the race in
3 However, less time.
4 An alternative possibility is … 3 They can see where each rider is using a
GPS tracker.
5 This option has several advantages …
4 Fiona Kolbinger started playing the piano
6 In conclusion, in a hotel reception after she registered at
7 They make the report easier to read. the checkpoint.
5 It wasn’t very exciting because it was
very early and she was alone.
Extra activity: Writing
6 She turned on her phone so that she
The first paragraph explains the aim of the could read the messages and consider her
report. achievement.
Skills Extra Video back, it’s easier to send it back from the
local post office than go back to the shop.
Video The Gothia World Cup: – I do everything online, browse and buy. I
the largest youth football hate going on shopping trips and walking
around shops for ages, it’s tiring. I prefer to
tournament in the world look on my phone from my sofa and buy
3 1B something with one touch on my screen.
Although I spend a lot of money doing that.
2D
3C
4A Listening
5C 4 1C
6D 2A
3D
4 1, 3 4B
3 A world of consumers 5 1 £10.

2 It was too much effort to send them back
3A Introduction Buying and they were cheap.
3 She didn’t want to wear it again.
Lead in
4 £12
5 The clothes come from sweatshops.
6 The clothes are cool and cheap.
Vocabulary Shopping 7 An influencer he likes wears them.
2 1 influencer 8 Save up to buy the trainers online.
2 browse
3 refund Extra activity: Grammar
4 exchange 1 Don’t you?
5 sale 2 Can’t you?
6 second-hand 3 Did they?
7 sweatshop 4 Didn’t you?
8 try on 5 Do you?
9 purchase
10 try out
Video How to go low waste
11 brand
10 Carry a reusable water bottle
12 charity shop
Buy second-hand clothes
13 bargain
Search for reusable items
14 ripped off
Fix things
3 Possible answers:
11 Possible answers:
– For the first questions, I answered B. I
find products in shops and then buy them Take your own bag while shopping
online because they’re often cheaper Use reusable kitchen items like straws
online. Also, if I want to take something
Make meals with leftover food
Try a new way to buy (and sell) clothes 3 I wouldn’t take a job as a fake review
writer because you’re lying to people. I
don’t think it’s morally right to lie to people.
3B Reading Selling
1 Possible answers: Vocabulary Idioms
1 Consumers demand reviews which puts
6 1 a rule of thumb
pressure on sellers to have positive
reviews in order to sell their product or 2 doesn’t give these offers the time of day
service.
3 in safe hands
2 Consumers might buy something based
4 keep an eye out
on a fake review and then find out the item
wasn’t what they expected. 5 judge a book by its cover
3 Check if lots of positive reviews appear 6 the tip of the iceberg
over a couple of days. Look out for short
and repetitive sentences that use
the same phrases. Check that reviews 7 1 are in safe hands
have links to named individuals rather than 2 rules of thumb
businesses. Buy from reputable
companies. Check the seller’s refund and 3 keep an eye out
return policy before you buy. 4 the tip of the iceberg
5 judged a book by its cover
2 Possible answers: 6 give, the time of day
1 help them decide which product to buy.

2 they want to have lots of positive 1 genuine: authentic
reviews. 2 falsify: to change information so that it is
3 guests to write a review in return for a no longer true
lower price for their room. 3 made up: not true or real; invented
4 fake names and sometimes don’t even 4 scam: a clever and dishonest plan for
have a product to sell. making money
5 spot: to see or notice something
3 1C
2A Extra activity: Vocabulary
3C 1 falsify
4B 2 make up
3 genuine
4 1 vast 4 scam
2 disguised 5 spot
3 limited
4 impressed Extra activity: Exam practice
5 automated 1 to, be
6 reputable 2 to, about
3 by
5 Possible answers: 4 than
2 I would try to get my money back. I
would also leave an honest review to warn
other shoppers not to buy from that seller.
3C Grammar The passive, the 4 over 175 million (This happened in 2019
when Prime members were given special
causative deals.)
Grammar video
3 1 have been introduced
A 1 The focus is on the person or object that
experiences an action, rather than on the 2 are displayed
person or object that performs it.
3 can be bought
2 A and D because the person doing the
4 is processed
action is unknown (A) or obvious (D – the
government / police). 5 should be delivered
3 Past participle verb. 6 will be installed
4 A Somebody offers them free goods.
B Companies post jobs for fake review 4 1 Zara was founded in 1975 by Amancio
writers. Ortega Gaona and Rosalía Mera.
C An automated system posted them. 2 Their new product will be advertised on
TV.
D Somebody should investigate fake
reviews. 3 A new book has been published by that
expert.
4 A discount is being offered to all our
B 1 He was sold some faulty headphones.
customers. All our customers are being
2 The hotel was given a positive review. offered a discount.
5 The new shopping centre is being
opened by the mayor.
C It is believed that these reviews are fake.
The reviews are believed to be fake.
5 1 A new credit card has been sent to you. /
The seller is / was believed to have posted You have been sent a new credit card.
fake reviews.
2 Surnames are said / thought / believed to
make bad passwords. / It is said / thought /
D 1 B and C believed that surnames make bad
passwords. (thought, believed)
2A
3 Online shopping is thought / believed /
said / considered to be relatively safe. / It
is thought / believed / said / considered
Practice that online shopping is relatively safe.
(believed, said, considered)
1 are stolen
4 I was promised a complete refund. / A
2 be sold
complete refund was promised (to) me.
3 been paid
5 We were given a guarantee by the
4 were sold company. / A guarantee was given to us
by the company.
2 (Possible extra information in brackets)

6 1 get / have, cut
1 $3 billion (47% of that is stolen by people
who work there.) 2 had, stolen
2 pets (In 2006 someone tried to sell New 3 having, taken

Zealand, but the auction was stopped.)
5 get / have, checked
3 $31 million (It took over 100,000 hours to
6 have / get, delivered
make.)
7 1 Items cannot be returned without a 6 break down
receipt.
7 reuses
2 I was shown their new products.
8 sustainable
3 This watch is believed to be fake.
9 clean-up
4 The company will deliver all orders within
10 carbon footprint
fourteen days.
11 packaging
5 Somebody accused the company of
writing fake reviews. 12 compost
13 incinerate
8 Possible answers: 14 zero-waste
Have you ever had anything confiscated? 15 landfill sites
When did you last have something 16 recycling

delivered to your house?
Have you ever had a phone or money
2 1 recycled / recyclable
stolen?
2 environmental
Would you like to have your bedroom
decorated? 3 wasteful
Have you ever had your hair dyed? 4 reusable
Would you like to get your nose pierced? 5 Sustainable
Consolidation FAST FINISHERS

Possible answers:
9 1 the same dress is being worn by every
model Reuse: reusable
2 has been created Compost: compostable
3 she is considered to be Dispose: disposable
4 (she) is followed by 2.7 million people Renew: renewable
5 she has been embraced by the fashion Biodegrade: biodegradable
world
6 3D-generated gifs were posted
7 her followers were given
Listening
8 Miquela has had her profile attacked / 4 B What exactly was the issue?
Miquela’s profile has been attacked D What did Ercolini do to tackle the
9 images online shouldn’t be viewed problem?
A Did Ercolini succeed?
F What does Ercolini want for the future?
3D Communication A
presentation
5 1 True
Vocabulary Waste 2 False
1 1 dumped 3 True
2 toxic 4 False
3 contaminate 5 False
4 disposed of 6 True
5 biodegradable 7 True
8 False seen that some cities, like San Francisco,
have gardens in cities and people can
grow their own food and put waste food on
Extra activity: Listening a compost. I’d really like to do that.
1 True. (It produces toxic gas for many

years).
3E Writing Formal emails
2 True. (… the residents weren’t informed
…).
Model text
3 False. (Ercolini began organizing town
meetings…). 1 1 From Tessa Carpacho to Athlete
Accessories.
4 False. (… he’s promoting zero-waste as
an opportunity to create jobs.) 2 It is the wrong colour and it isn’t
waterproof.
3 The previous points and she hasn’t
Pronunciation Stress for received a response from them after
sending an online return form to request a
emphasis refund.
6 1 Today, examine 4 Students’ own answers.
2 First, Firstly 5 For a catch up, to complain about the

watch and to ask which one he has.
3 start, looking, talking
4 surprise, interest, learn
2 She said that it is a busy time of year for
5 Here, key
them, that they have moved warehouse
6 So, recap, up and that they’ve had some email problems.
She agreed to process a refund straight
7 also away.
8 Thank, listening
3 Email A
Speaking 1 Dear Sir or Madam – she does not know
the person’s name.
7 Possible answers:
2 ‘which was placed; I had been sent;
1 A lot of food waste is created by people could be resolved’
buying too much food. We buy more than
we need, sometimes because we’re 3 Students’ own answers
hungry when we go shopping or we Email B
haven’t planned what we need for the
week. Also shops, restaurants and cafés 4 (It) looks amazing! (I) Hope it’s really hot!
buy and make more food than they sell. So 5 ‘You were with your sister, weren’t you?’;
all of this extra food is thrown away. The ‘You’ve got a waterproof watch, haven’t
majority of the world’s population lives in you?’
cities where people don’t have space to
have a food compost, so they throw it 6 Students’ own answers
away and it goes to landfill sites or it’s
burned.
2 I definitely buy too much food. I often go
to the shop after school when I’m really 1 with reference to
hungry and buy loads of crisps, chocolate
2 placed
and other things. Then I eat some and
don’t want the rest. I usually leave it in my 3 dissatisfied
bag and forget about it and then find it a
4 request
week later and throw it in the bin, in the
plastic packaging. 5 response
3 I don’t know of any initiatives near my 6 resolved
house that deal with food waste. I have
Writing skills 3A
4 1 passive
2 sentences Speaking Preparing to write
3 aims 9 Possible answer:
4 contractions I bought an eye mask to sleep when
travelling, but when I opened the package,
5 incomplete
there was a bottle of mosquito repellent. It
6 questions was completely the wrong item. I
contacted the company and told them that
7 conversational I had received the wrong item.
8 tags They responded the same day, apologized
and investigated the problem. Then they
sent the correct item, which arrived two
5 1 didn’t they days later.
2 have you
3 wouldn’t it
Skills Extra Listening
4 won’t you
Listening The world’s favourite
product
Extra activity: Writing 1 Possible answers:
1 are you 1 I think they drink it because they think it

gives them energy, or because it gives
2 will you them a reason to meet with friends.
3 aren’t you 2 I spend about 10 euros on coffee per
4 shouldn’t it week, but I have some friends that buy
coffee every day. That must be really
5 didn’t you expensive.
3 I think coffee is OK as part of a healthy
6 1 Sir diet, but in moderation. A lot of people
seem to be addicted to caffeine, which is
2 to unhealthy.
3 would 4 Different countries have different ways of
serving coffee. Sometimes it’s in a
4 hearing
particular cup or people drink it at specific
5 faithfully times of the day. These things all depend
on the local culture.
6 doing
7 Keep
2 1B
2D
3C
1 Lovely to see you last week.
4A
2 You coming to the party?
5C
3 Saw Maria yesterday.
6A
4 Everything OK with you?
7D
5 Looking forward to seeing you.
8B
7 1C
2 B (also A)
3 Possible answers: 5 1 and 2
1 I would like to work on a coffee farm
because it would be an interesting
experience. I would see how other people
live and have the opportunity to make and
4 Humanity
drink pure coffee. I would also understand
the process that’s behind a popular 4A Introduction This is my life
product. 1 3 I think everybody is responsible for
2 I would prefer to buy coffee from an creating a better society because
independent shop because I would be governments need to give a good example
supporting people who need money. I also and rules for people to follow, but
think big chains often pay employees, such individuals have to follow the rules for it to
as people working on a coffee farm, very work.
little. However, in reality I usually buy
coffee from a large chain because it’s
cheaper. Vocabulary Society
3 I’d like to see a reduction in the amount
of disposable cups used to serve coffee –
3 Possible answers:
perhaps cafes might start only serving Text A is about three black women who
takeaway coffee in reusable cups? worked for NASA. They were very
intelligent and were very good at
calculations, so people called them human
computers. Even though they were
amazing, they suffered discrimination
Skills extra Video because they were black and females, but
they worked well and sent a man into
Video Fast fashion and the space.
environment
4 1 welfare state
2 1 2,700 litres
2 segregation
2 1%
3 Child poverty
3 Make them from one material that breaks
down or can be made into a new fabric or 4 animal rights
product.
5 mental health issue
3 1 True.
5 Possible answers:
2 True.
Who governs? Who votes and when? New
3 False. (100 billion) laws?
4 False. (20%) Improving education?
5 True. Changes to the welfare state and

healthcare system?
6 False. (They have no clue.)
Sharing wealth?
Ending discrimination?
4 1 materials / fabrics
How to encourage tolerance?
2 burned
Making happier neighbourhoods?
3 one
4 ordered
5 code Listening
6 circular 6 1 Both
2 Maasai
3 North America
4 Maasai 3 1C
5 North America 2B
6 Maasai 3A
7 Maasai
8 Both 4 1B
2C
7 1A
2B 5 1 uninhabited
3C 2 duties
4C 3 naked
5A 4 chaos
5 doubtful
8 Students’ own answers. 6 perspective
Video Three strange laws 6 Possible answers:
10 1 1992, prison 1 I would choose Zoe, Harriet, Sam and

Chris because they all have different skills
2 American, road and listen to other people. Zoe is very
practical and can build things; Harriet is
3 French, 1954
calm and maintains peace in a group of
people; Sam can cook really well and
wouldn’t be scared to kill a chicken; Chris
4B Reading Hope for humankind is very organized so he would be able to
create timetables. I would create the rules!
1 Possible answers:
2 I would build something to collect water.
1 They might have been bored and
That would be the priority. I don’t think I
encouraged each other to break the rules
would build a bed, but I would build a cabin
and run away. Perhaps they were unhappy
or net to protect me from insects and the
there and were being treated badly.
sun. Then I would build something to cook
2 A group of people would need food, with, like a fire pit.
water and a cover to sleep under to
3 I think the most effective way to help
survive on an island.
people calm down is to make everybody
3 Group members could argue and stop walk away and take ten deep breaths. This
talking to each other, or they could helps them to feel less angry and think
become really close friends and about a solution.
understand each other really well.
4 They probably wouldn’t have any
practical skills. My parents and
grandparents used to make and repair
2 Possible answers: things, but we don’t do that these days.
1 was to sail to Fiji in a boat.
2 live on the island and grow food, collect
water and follow rules. Vocabulary Noun suffixes
3 they were arrested, but then released 7 1 maturity
with money Peter Warner got from selling 2 fairness
their story to the media.
3 friendship
4 the boys worked well together, created
and followed systems and were very 4 entertainment
organized.
5 appearance
6 supervision
7 bravery 1 wouldn’t
8 survival 2 might not
4 couldn’t
8 arrival, commitment, community,

education, kindness, ownership, scenery, C 1B
tolerance
2A
1 deal with
D 1 a C and D
2 come across
b A and B
3 stick together
2 a could
4 run away
b would
5 calm down
6 set off
7 bring back Practice
8 set up 1 1 even if
2 provided that
Extra activity: Vocabulary 3 unless
1 end 4 as long as
2 Calm
3 stick 2 1 Does ice melt when it gets hot? (always
happens)
4 ran
2 What will you do if you go out this
5 set weekend? (probable)
3 If money didn’t exist, what would we do?
(hypothetical)
4 If you’re old enough, will you vote in the
1 weak
next election? (probable)
2 they
5 What would you say if the president
3 in walked into class? (hypothetical)
4 eggs
5 garden 3 Possible answers:
6 water 1 Yes, it does. It melts really fast when it’s
midday in August.
7 fire
2 Sophie will go into town for a pizza with
her mates.
4C Grammar Conditionals, 3 I suppose we’d use something else, or
wishes & regrets maybe we’d exchange things.
4 I won’t be old enough because there’s
Grammar video one this year, but if I was old enough I
would vote, yes.
A Students’ own answers.
5 I’d say hi, ask for their autograph and
ask how much they get paid.
B 1 A (third conditional)
2 B (first conditional) 4 1 If a giant asteroid hadn’t hit the Earth,
dinosaurs wouldn’t have become extinct.
3 D (second conditional)
2 A lot of African Americans wouldn’t have
4 C (zero conditional)
lived in freedom if President Lincoln hadn’t
banned slavery.
3 If European countries hadn’t exploited 3 wasn’t
their colonies, many African nations
wouldn’t have suffered poverty. 4 be able to
5 have to
6 hadn’t argued
5 1 If I had brought a map, we wouldn’t be
lost now. 7 affects
2 If I had asked the teacher, I would 8 could
understand the homework now.
9 might
3 If I had taken a photo, I could show you
the house. 10 be
4 If she wasn’t generous, she wouldn’t 11 had paid

have lent me some money. 12 Even if
5 If they didn’t like Italian food, they 13 weren’t
wouldn’t have ordered pizza.
14 had
6 1 must
2 been able to
4D Communication Reaching an
3 couldn’t
agreement
4 might have Vocabulary Crime & justice
5 won’t have to 1 1 vandalism
2 witness
7 1 I wish / If only our neighbours would be / 3 young offender
were less noisy / quieter.
4 therapy programme
2 I wish / If only I could vote in the next
election. 5 judge
3 I wish / If only we lived in a fair society. 6 criminal record
4 I wish / If only my brother would stop 7 prosecutor

annoying me. 8 sentence
5 I wish / If only I’d listened to my friend’s
advice.
2 Crime: shoplifting, vandalism, theft,
6 I wish / If only she’d known their customs burglary, mugging
when she travelled there.
Punishment: criminal record, therapy
programme, sentence, community service,
8 1 You’ll have a place in society providing pay a fine, a life sentence, send sb to
that you respect others. prison
2 It wouldn’t have been fair unless you’d People: young offender, criminal, victim,
shared. prosecutor, defendant, witness, jury, judge,
a suspect
3 If I hadn’t arrived late, I wouldn’t have
missed the meal. Police and court procedures: on trial,
arrest sb, dismiss a case, reach a verdict,
4 I wish I’d visited my grandfather. send sb to prison
5 You can put up a tent as long as there’s
space.
3 Possible answers:
6 If they’d liked the place, they wouldn’t
have moved on. 1 judge – I would prefer to work as a judge
because listening to the small details of
crimes during therapy would make me feel
really bad.
Consolidation
2 vandalism, shoplifting – I think vandalism
9 1 as long as is more serious as it affects more people.
2 might
3 victim – I think it would be difficult, but it 5 I (…) believe; it could be replaced with
is possible and the process would be long. ‘In my opinion’, ‘From my point of view’, ‘I
First the criminal has to understand why think’, etc.
they did something, then speak to the
victim to understand the effects on the
other person.
Writing skills A discussion essay
4 sentence – They have to clean streets
and other things to help the local 3 1A3
community. B4
5 criminals – I think therapy would C1
encourage a criminal to admit to their
crime a lot more because they’re not trying D2
to receive a smaller sentence. They can be
honest in therapy and probably not in a 2 Both paragraphs have two arguments.
court. 3 A and B
Video / Listening 4 1 … our awareness and tolerance are

improving, and society has a strong base
4 Possible answers: to build on.
Paul stole an iPod from a student at school 2 … there have been wars, violence and,
and tried to sell it. The jury decided that he on a more local level, unkind behaviour.
should do eleven hours of community
service and write letters of apology to his 3 … a lot of the problems that societies
victim and the teacher involved. face have been repeated throughout
history.
5 1 He has been suspended from school,

and he hasn’t been allowed out by his 5 Adding points: What’s more, In addition,
parents. moreover, furthermore, as well as
2 He feels bad (he says several times that Result: As a result, For this reason,
he feels bad). therefore, consequently, so, due to
3 He says he wouldn’t do the same thing Contrast: On the one hand, On the other
again. It was just a mad moment. hand, despite, nevertheless, even though

5 Students’ own answers. 6 1 hand
2 question
3 On
4E Writing A discussion essay 4 reason
Model text 5 believe
1 1 The writer is optimistic because there are

multicultural communities in the world that
live together harmoniously.
Speaking Preparing to write
2 There are festivals and projects that 7 Students’ own answers.
celebrate the customs of people from a
variety of backgrounds.
3 A harmonious multicultural society is
unlikely due to human nature.
4 Students’ own answers. 9 1 John
2 Modern society is too busy and stressful.
2 1B 3 Ellie; things like a lack of healthcare
meant that life 100 years ago was actually
2 argument, evidence, conclusion
quite difficult compared with modern day.
3 pauses
4 It appears that …
Skills Extra Literature 3 1 science
2 take part in
Literature Rabbit-Proof Fence
3 realizing it
1 Possible answer:
4 not always obvious
1 Aboriginal language, tradition,
5 share something with
knowledge, dances and spirituality could
only live if passed on to their children. 6 belong to
In breaking this circle of life, white people
hoped to end Aboriginal culture within a
short time and get rid of “the Aboriginal 5 1, 3 and 7 change.
problem”.
In the early 20th century under the 6 1 False. (No-one correctly identified all the
assimilation policy, white Australians
faces that were replaced.)
thought Aboriginal people would die out. In
three generations, they thought, Aboriginal 2 True.
genes would have been ‘bred out’ when
Aboriginal people had children with white 3 False. (We find it difficult to recognize
people. faces from races different to our own.)
4 True.
5 True.
2 1 It’s very basic and inhumane because
there aren’t any sheets on the beds.
2 The institution tries to show outsiders 7 1 Facial expressions can show our
that it treats the children better than it unconscious bias.
really does, because sheets are only put
onto beds when there are visitors. 2 It means that we don’t care as much
about other people’s welfare.
3 The authors uses ‘thin’ and ‘cold,’ which
suggests little food and an unhappy 3 That we can become aware of our
atmosphere. unconscious bias and take action to stop
bias and racism.
4 She feels like it’s a prison, because they
aren’t free to move around when / where
they want and are locked in at night. Extra activity: Exam practice
1 racial
3 A, B, C, D, F 2 feelings
3 correctly
4 The fence will guide them back to their 4 outcome
hometown of Jigalong.
5 1 The girls were desperate to be with their

own people, and their knowledge of nature
5 Appearance
and the land helped them to survive.
5A Introduction Changing looks
2 They were probably hidden from the
authorities, perhaps in the desert, so that Lead in
they couldn’t be stolen again.
1 Possible answers:
3 Judging by the name, it was probably
built to stop rabbits – perhaps to protect 1 My clothes are probably more casual
crops. than my friends’ clothes. They wear stylish,
elegant clothes, but I don’t feel very
comfortable like that. I prefer baggy
clothes.
Skills extra Video
2 It’s not that important to me – I want to
Video Unconscious bias in society look good, but I’m not interested in
following the latest styles all the time.
2 a
3 They probably think it’s all a bit fake and
that we are being manipulated by
magazines to spend money unnecessarily.
4 Advertising makes me feel as if I should 7 Possible answers:
wear trendy clothes every day and have
perfect hair even though I know very few 1 I think the clothes rental is a really good
people are like that in reality. system because it stops so much waste
and the pollution we make by making and
transporting clothes.
Vocabulary Clothes & accessories 2 It’s sustainable because people are

reusing and sharing things instead of
2 1 1960s buying and throwing away. It’s a cycle,
instead of a line, which means it’s
2 2000s sustainable.
3 1920s 3 I would definitely rent clothes, although I
4 1970s would probably be very nervous I would
damage them.
5 1940s
4 I have some outfits I would rent out, such
as the clothes I bought for prom and for a
wedding last year. I have only worn them
3 1 accessories
once and they have been in my wardrobe
2 high heels for ages.
3 loose fitting
4 casual Video A brief history of deadly
5 elegant fashion
6 fitted
9 1B
7 plain
2C
8 chunky
3A
Listening 10 1, 3 and 4
5 Karina thinks it’s a good idea because it’s
cheaper than buying new clothes.
5B Reading Happy on my own?
1 Possible answer:
6 Possible answers:
As War Paint is a product for men, the
People can rent all kinds of clothes,
association with war and battle will
including casual and formal items.
probably make them feel it’s acceptable to
2 People can either pay an amount every use it.
month or just pay for single items.
3 There is a review and photo system so
borrowers can see if clothes are in good 2 1B
condition and leave reviews about the 2D
clothes and their experience with a
particular lender. 3A
4 Having to go to the post office in order to 4C

send things back.
5 They are sent to landfill sites or
3 1 Danny wasn’t sure if anyone would like
incinerated, which creates pollution.
his product.
6 The packaging is recycled and there is
2 Danny used his sister’s make-up himself
less waste generated because people get
to cover up spots.
more use out of clothes.
3 Danny expected to sell 10,000 products
7 You can lend clothes yourself and earn
during the first year, but he actually sold
money.
50,000.
4 Danny’s product is aimed at and
advertised just for men, and by making it
seem masculine, men feel comfortable
buying and using it.
FAST FINISHERS
4 1 unexpected Possible answers:
2 entrepreneur have a bath, make a mistake, take an
exam, catch a cold, keep a secret, come to
3 self-conscious a decision, get lost
4 reluctant
5 trial
Extra activity: Vocabulary
6 stocked
1 from
2 to
5 Possible answers:
3 by
1 I don’t think people look better or worse 4 by
with make-up, they just look different. I
think people look bad with too much make-
up, though.
2 I think men should wear make-up just
like women if they want to. I don’t see any 1A
difference between women and men 2B
wearing make-up.
3A
3 I think make-up for men would be
popular, but I think men would be 4C
embarrassed if their friends knew they
used it, even though they probably all
would use it.
5C Grammar Modal verbs
Grammar video
Vocabulary Idiomatic expressions
A 1 be able to
6 1 have
2 can
2 take
3 mustn’t
3 do
4 have to
4 make
5 needn’t, don’t need to
5 give
6 ought to
6 reach
7 may, can’t
Students’ own answers
7 1 have
2 reach
B 1 permission / prohibition: A, D; ability: B,
3 make C
4 take 2C
5 do 3 No.
6 give
C 1B
1 classify 2C
2 lighten 3 A We had to wear a uniform.
3 simplify B We didn’t have to wear a uniform.
4 specialize C We couldn’t / weren’t allowed to wear
a uniform.
5 symbolize
D 1A
2 A ’d / had better not
B ought not / oughtn’t to 3 think twice about buying more things
from that shop.
4 feel great about how cheap they were.
E 1 A can’t
5 wear grey trousers.
B might not
6 wear jewellery.
C couldn’t
2 A They must have been comfortable in
those clothes. 6 1 must have been
B He might have been wearing make-up. 2 might have gone
C That could have caused an accident. 3 should have tried
4 shouldn’t have laughed
Practice 5 can’t have practised
1 1 might
7 1 You needn’t have driven me home.
2 should
2 We should leave now.
3 don’t have to
3 You can’t have left your coat at school.
4 can’t
4 He must be at the beach.
5 couldn’t
5 She might be a designer, but I’m not
6 can’t
certain.
6 I could have bought a vintage designer
2 1 I have a feeling that stripy, stylish suits jacket, but I decided not to.
may come back into fashion soon. 7 I shouldn’t have gone to the party. I was
2 You ought to have an eyebrow piercing. too tired to enjoy it.
It would look really cool.
3 You don’t need to be rich to be stylish.
Consolidation
4 My sister’s son isn’t able to read or write
yet. 8 1 allowed to
5 He wasn’t allowed to go out last night 2 have / need to
because he was babysitting.
3 can
6 That couldn’t have been Ania. She’s
staying with her aunt this week. 4 should
5 managed to
6 mustn’t / can’t
3 1 How did you could manage to find those
shoes? 7 may / might
2 You don’t must have to wear formal 8 might / could have
clothes of you don’t want to.
9 need to / have to
3 The shop was closed so I wasn’t
manage able to buy that shirt. 10 should
4 How late do are you allowed to stay out 11 have to / need to

during the week? 12 could / might / may
5 They can must be there by now because
they left four hours ago.
9 1 allowed
6 I’ll must need / have to ask my sister if I
want to borrow her dress for the party. 2 could / were allowed to
3 should / ought to
4 Possible answers: 4 would / should
1 be good-looking; spend a lot of money.

2 take care of yourself and wear the things
that suit you best.
5D Communication Describing Pronunciation Compound nouns
people & photos & adjectives
Vocabulary Compound adjectives 4 1 beauty product
1 average-sized, clean-shaven, dark-haired, 2 make-up

heavily-built, middle-aged, natural-looking,
scruffy-looking, smartly-dressed 3 surveillance camera
4 clean-shaven
2 Possible answers: 5 dark-haired

1 Criminals disguised themselves in the 6 average-sized
past by changing their appearance. They
wore different clothes, put on make-up or a
fake beard, changed their hair colour, wore
wigs, wore loose-fitting or dark clothes to 5 1 smartly, well
change their shape.
2 friendly, professional, sporty
2 New cameras look at the details of
people’s faces, such as the shape of the 3 full, shoulder
nose and eyes, so it’s much more difficult
to go undetected.
3 The Dazzle Club think the cameras are
Stress:
limiting people’s rights of freedom.
4 I partly agree and disagree with the 1 badly-dressed, smartly-dressed, well-
Dazzle Club because I am worried that my dressed
face might be saved on a system, but I
also understand that it’s important to find 2 friendly-looking, professional-looking,
criminals and the cameras make our sporty-looking
streets safer.
3 full-length, shoulder-length

brightly-coloured: a shirt, a balloon, a 6 Possible answers:
painting, a photograph A The people are in an office and they are
fast-thinking: a scientist, a teacher, a about 25 years old.
student, a detective They are in a meeting and they are smartly
knee-length: a skirt, a pair of shorts, a dressed.
dress B The couple are at their wedding. They
middle-aged: parents, teachers, uncle, look in their twenties or thirties. She is
aunt offering him some cake. The groom is
smartly dressed. The bride is natural-
time-saving: digital device, kitchen looking and beautiful.
appliance, App
C The two boys are at a skate park and
widely recognized: politician, TV they are about eighteen years old. They
personality, pop-star, footballer are spending time together and
skateboarding. They are a bit scruffy-
looking, dark-haired and average-sized.
3 1 smartly-dressed, brightly-coloured
2 scruffy-looking, natural-looking, fast-

thinking, time-saving
Video
8 Possible answers:
3 knee-length
Well-dressed, dark-haired, police, arrest,
suit, criminal, ties, tight, dark clothes
9 Speaker 1: A, B, C, D
Speaker 2: A, C
Speaker 3: A Extra activity: Writing
Possible answers:
Speaking Dos:
1 Include all the main points.
2 Include the points in the same order as
they appear in the original text.
5E Writing A summary 3 Paraphrase the original text, rather than
copying directly from it.
Model text Don’ts:
1 1 concerns 1 Give unnecessary detail.
2 divide 2 Give personal opinions.
3 decision 3 Copy directly from the text..
4 add
5 stereotypical
Writing skills A summary
6 controversy
4 main topics: A, C, D, F, G
unnecessary detail: B, E
Possible answers:
1 I think an advantage of a school uniform
is that all students are equal and some 5 1C
won’t have more expensive clothing
brands than others. A disadvantage is that 2A
teens can’t express themselves and feel 3B
like adults.
2 I think a gender-neutral uniform would
help to reduce stereotypes, because 6 1 length
students would get used to seeing males
2 sense
and females dressed in the same clothing.
3 main
3 I think males and females do generally
wear different clothes. It’s unusual to see a
male in a skirt or dress and much more
common to see women wearing tight Speaking Preparing to write
clothes. I think this comes from
generations of stereotypical advertising Possible answer:
and publicity and gender roles in society. I’ve chosen the text from Unit 1 which was
about native languages and living in
different countries. It discusses how
2 Summary A is the best summary because language is connected to our identity or, in
it is objective and briefly mentions all of the fact, they’re part of the same thing. One of
points. Summary B gives an opinion and the things it said was that Dean Atta feels
unnecessary details. like he’s lost part of his Cypriot identity
because he can’t speak the language. One
part I remember is that it described a
3 1 1: paragraph 2; 2: paragraph 3; 3: family with an English father and Italian
paragraph 4 mother whose children are bilingual. The
father noticed that the children’s
2 Possible answers: personalities were different when they
The text discusses = The topic of the text spoke each language. If I remember
is claims = says (but might not be a fact) correctly, the text said that language can
help children to understand that situations
3 may and people vary, just as language does.
4 A 2 B 6 C 1 – These are bad features of
a summary.
8 Speaker 1 talks about the text in Unit 1;
The text was about …; One of the things it
said was …; If I remember correctly …
Speaker 2 talks about the text in Unit 2; 5 Danny made Alex take off all of his
The text was about …; It discusses …; make-up.
One thing I remember is that …
6 the most important thing in life.
7 to take more care of his appearance.
Skills extra Listening
Listening Beauty contests 5 3
1 Possible answer:
I think the women are at a beauty
competition and I think they’re feeling
nervous because they want to win, but all
of them are beautiful and could win.
2 1B
2A
3C
4D
5C
6C
7B
8C
Skills extra Video

Video The life swap
2 1 Alex
2 Danny
3 Danny
4 Alex
5 Alex
6 Alex
3 1 month
2 impress
3 swap
4 ten
5 spends
6 make-up
4 1 was when he was a teenager and had

acne / bad skin.
2 when he’s wearing make-up and beauty
products.
3 he isn’t happy because he doesn’t like
them.
4 to be as good as he was.
6 Work and study
look after your money, but I only know that
because of my parents. Many children
don’t know that, so they can’t choose to
6A Introduction A satisfying learn it. I think it’s one of the most
important skills to learn for life.
career
Lead in Listening
1 Possible answers:
5 In favour of statements A–F.
1 My dream job would be a vet as I love
being with animals.
2 You can become successful by getting a 6 1B
degree, and maybe a Masters, and 2C
applying for jobs in that industry.
3C
You could also be performing or playing
sports and a talent spotter finds you. Or 4D
you could start your own business selling a
product that people need online.
3 The advantages of going to university
are that you get a good qualification, you
are more educated, and you meet new
people. The disadvantages are that it Video Getting a job: three
takes several years, it can be expensive
and it doesn’t guarantee a job afterwards. expressions you didn’t know
9 1A
Vocabulary Careers 2A
3B
2 Michelle Obama: She was involved in the
centre that offered after-school tutoring for
older children.
6B Reading That’s the job for me
Francisco Goya: He didn’t win a
scholarship. 1 Possible answer:
The text is about making plans for your
future job.
3 1 graduate
2 write
3 take on / turn down 2 1 True. (The text says values include
status, money and flexibility.)
4 mentor / supervise / tutor
2 False. (The text says you will enjoy a job
5 apply you’re good at.)
6 win 3 False. (The text recommends you write
down several ways to enter each career.)
7 volunteer
4 True. (The text says you will find things
8 become
out about yourself.)
9 commission
10 appoint
3 1 Reflection: Think about what type of job
best suits your interest, skills, personality
and values.
4 Possible answer:
2 Research: Find out about jobs and the
I disagree that students should choose qualifications and experience required for
what they want to learn because they don’t each one.
know the things they need to learn for
future life. For example, I’m sure there are 3 Planning: Plan routes into your ideal
jobs that I don’t know exist, so teachers jobs.
and adults need to teach us they exist and
what they involve. Also, I imagine it’s
important to learn how to use banks and
4 1 The blog suggests that students will feel 8 successful in
lost and uncertain about planning their
career options.
2 The blog suggests students look online, Extra activity: Vocabulary
go to events that talk about careers and 1 of
ask people about their own career
experiences. 2 in
3 The blog says that it’s possible to get a 3 with

job using various ways. If one way doesn’t 4 to
work, there is usually another way to try.
5 in
4 The blog asks readers to send in any
interesting or helpful career stories.
5 1 contemplating 1 interested
2 freelance 2 on
3 rewarding 3 status
4 aspects 4 job
5 gateways 5 to
6 inspiring 6 as
7 about
8 can
Vocabulary Compound nouns:
jobs
6 brain surgeon, software designer, flight 6C Grammar Verb structures
attendant, statistical analyst, drone pilot
A 1E
2G
7 1 camera operator 3A
2 company director 4F
3 dog groomer 5B
4 estate agent 6C
5 tattoo artist 7D
6 train driver
7 video editor
B them and him
8 yoga instructor
C 1 adjectives
8 Students’ own mind map, in the style of the
2 what has already happened
artwork on the page
3 fewer

1 confused by Practice
2 fond of 1 1 to become
3 dedicated to 2 to be
4 familiar with 3 being
5 interested in 4 listening
6 necessary for 5 them
7 passionate about 6 being
7 to put 10 Having spoken
8 Having 11 collecting
9 Making 12 Listening
10 to spend 13 to be
2 1 Would you like I me to help you? 6 Possible answers:

2 My parents didn’t want that I me to drop 1 I think four days at school would mean
out of school. doing less homework and being less tired.
Also, it would mean having an extra day to
3 The teacher would like they all pass do other activities such as school clubs,
them all to pass their volunteering or even helping around at
exams. home.
4 Do you want we us to go with you? 2 The good things about school are
studying lots of different subjects and
5 I’d like that he him to appoint me as spending time with friends.
captain.
3 I would like to go to university because I
need to get a degree to become a
3 1 Getting scientist, which is the job I want to apply
for in the future. I’d also like to travel
2 Having worked during the summer after I leave school. I’d
like to go to Asia because my friend told
3 cheating me the weather and food are amazing and
4 Having been built it’s cheap.
5 Injured, bleeding 4 I’m really excited about going to a water

park with my friends. I have never been
6 Disappointed before and I love going really fast and
swimming.
4 1 Having left school, he went travelling. 5 It depends on the day! For me, Mondays
are tiring, boring and educational, but
2 Feeling confident, Hannah didn’t worry Wednesdays are exciting, inspiring and
about the interview. fast because I have geography and drama
classes, which are my favourite.
3 Having broken his leg, Sam couldn’t play
in the match. 6 I’d encourage teachers to give me more
reading time because I love reading, but
4 Shaking with anger, Anna tried to don’t have enough time because of
breathe more slowly. homework, studying and exams.
5 Feeling nervous in the dentist’s waiting
room, Jorge looked at the poster on the
wall of a beautiful beach. 7 1 having longer weekends, feeling less
tired
6 Having been taught some French as a
child, she found the classes easy. 2 being with your friends and having long
holidays
3 earn some money and then travel for a
Consolidation while
5 1 Having seen 4 going to the cinema
2 to argue 5 fun, stimulating, exhausting
3 learning 6 set certain classes outside
4 revising
5 Having 6D Communication Interviews
6 to gain
1 1 A unreliable B cautious C perceptive
7 to do
2 A optimistic B cool-headed
8 to correct C imaginative
9 enjoying 3 A diligent B focused C anxious
4 A empathetic B critical C analytical
Pronunciation Stress &
intonation
8 1 Nice to meet you.
2 Please take a seat.
Extra activity: Vocabulary 3 That’s an interesting question.
Possible answers: 4 There are one or two things I’d like to
ambitious, confident, sensitive, intelligent, ask.
lazy, negative, worried 5 Sorry, could you say that again?
3 1 sociable
Speaking
2 determined
3 decisive
4 enthusiastic
5 rational 6E Writing A covering email
3 1 Introduce
Students’ own answers for motivated, 2 details
brainy and disorganized
3 response
4 conclude
4 1 optimistic
2 cool-headed
4 1 longer
3 diligent
2 don’t use
4 focused
3 more
5 anxious
6 empathetic
about – regarding
at the moment / now – At present
Video / Listening I think – I believe
6 1 smart job – vacancy / position
2 eye contact tell – inform
3 life
4 working 5 1 applying
5 Turn off 2 At
6 apologize 3 to take a…
4 aim
7 Olivia: wore bright clothes; a lot of 5 that
jewellery and perfume; told rambling life
6 would
story.
7 find
James: tried to high-five, then fist bump
the interviewer; sat down before being 8 hesitate
asked; looked at something else instead of
making eye contact; focused on problems 9 forward
not solutions in answering weaknesses
question; left phone on and answered it
when it rang. 6 1 I am interested in finding out more about
your organization.
2 At present I am doing a course in
sociology.
3 I am hoping to study medicine in the
future.
Skills extra Literature
4 My aim is to apply for university in two Literature Vanity Fair
years’ time.
5 I believe that I am well-qualified for the
position.
6 I would be delighted if you could help 2 1 She is poor and her parents seem to
me. have been absent.
7 Please find attached two passport 2 Becky has learned how to manipulate
photos. people.
8 Please do not hesitate to email me. 3 She is jealous of the other girls.
9 I look forward to hearing from you. 4 Becky is happy to be leaving, but Amelia
is sad.
5 Amelia shows Becky all of her
Speaking Preparing to write belongings.
7 Possible answers:
1 I expect to finish school in June this year. 3 1B
2 I’m planning to do some volunteering this 2A

summer with a café that makes food for 3D
homeless people.
4C
3 For advert B, I’m interested in working
with people as a barista. For advert C, I’m
interested in learning admin skills because
I’d like to be a statistical analyst in the 4 1 She has gained money from her
future. husband’s family.
4 Working as a barista would teach me 2 People now treat Amelia with respect
how to deal with customers and work and affection.
under stress during busy times. Working 3 She has gained a circle of friends.
as a kennel assistant would teach me data
skills and to make sure my work is
accurate.
5 1 Becky was jealous of Amelia’s wealth
5 Advert B: I have experience helping at and Amelia was jealous of Becky’s
charity coffee mornings in the town. intelligence, energy and male admirers.
Advert C: We have two dogs at home so I 2 She had lost her money and was treated
have experience of cleaning their beds and badly by society.
taking them for walks.
3 Often things can be temporary.
6 Working as a barista could teach me to
4 People were judgmental and your
be patient, work fast and maintain a clean
position in society was dependent on your
working area. Working as a kennel
wealth.
assistant would teach me how to deal with
clients, keep animals calm and organize
data and information.
7 It would be important to be friendly,
Skills extra Video
sociable and punctual for both of these
jobs. It would also be important to work Video Youth Fusion: helping
fast and as part of a team as a barista, and students stay in school
be careful and work on my own as a
kennel assistant. 2 B
8 I would love to work as a barista in other
cities in Europe. I think it would be really
interesting to meet people from other 3 1 True.
countries and taste other types of coffee! 2 False. (In Quebec 64% of students
graduate from school every year.)
3 False. (Gabriel Lopez lived in Guatemala
until he was three years old.)
4 False. (He hated studying and wasn’t
interested in school.)
Writing skills
5 True. 3 1 First and foremost
6 False. (He went on to study at college.) 2 In addition

3 Despite this
4 1 inspire teenagers to stay at school 4 So

5 In conclusion
2 a year
3 after school or at weekends
4 teach Common errors
5 creative 4 1 James asked Susan what her parent
6 create mother tongue was.
7 study the subject 2 She asked him what did he eat he ate
for breakfast.
3 (correct)
5 1 He is an Inuit artist and he teaches
4 My phone has run down out of battery.
performing arts.
5 The teacher ordered the students that
2 Happy, hopeful, positive, proud,
they be to be quiet.
motivated, excited.
6 The English word ‘deception’ and the
3 To continue helping teenagers to enjoy
Spanish word ‘decepción’ are wrong false
and stay at school.
friends.
Review – Unit 1 Review – Unit 2

Use of English Use of English
1 1D
1 1 which
2D
2 who
3B
3 whose
4C
4 up
5A
5 get
6C
6 part
7B
7 set
8A
8 focus / attitude
2 1 Juan complained (that) his phone had

2 1 up with
just lost signal.
2 take a (power) nap
2 Sarah said (that) she would see Jon the
next day. 3 out sugar
3 Manuel said (that) he had learned some 4 getting your heart rate
new idioms.
5 being mindful
4 Ana said (that) she was going to change
her ringtone.
5 Emma accused Lena of breaking her Writing skills
phone.
3 1 aim
6 Xavier suggested chatting online later.
2 option
3 to share
4 alternative
5 provide 4 I look forward to hearing from you.
(formal)
6 this
5 You were asking about my holiday – it
7 to advertise was great! (informal)
8 offering
Common errors
Common errors 4 My sister’s rule of thumb for buying
4 1 Have you found the book who that / clothes is to wait for the sales, so that she
which you lost yet? can buy her favourite brands and labels at
a more affordable price. A few months
2 Jack suggested to become becoming a ago, she found a website that sold second-
member of a gym. hand designer clothes. She was
3 I had to drop out of the tournament immediately hooked, and loved having
because of an injury. stuff delivered on a regular basis.
However, one day she bought a designer
4 (correct) suit which she thought was a bargain, but
it ended up costing a fortune. However,
5 It’s a shame the match didn’t get go
when she asked the website for her money
ahead.
back she was told that they never give
6 This is the football player who’s whose refunds or exchanges. She’s now decided
autobiography I’ve read. to give up internet shopping, and just goes
window shopping instead!
Review – Unit 3 Review – Unit 4

Use of English
Use of English
1 1 purchasing / buying
1 1B
2 who
2D
3 been
3A
4 refund
4C
5 sell
5B
6 eye
6A
7 was
7B
8 hadn’t
8D
2 1 is dumped
2 1 unless the government invests
2 disposes
2 hadn’t stuck together, they
3 are not considered
3 wouldn’t be in trouble
4 have been spotted / are spotted
4 wishes he hadn’t vandalized
5 to break down
5 provided that there is
6 is believed
6 only I could
Writing skills
Writing skills
3 1 I am writing with reference to my order.
(formal) 3 It appears that more and more young
people are getting into trouble with the
2 I would be grateful if you could send me police. The question is, should young
a refund. (formal) offenders be sent to prison, or not? On the
3 Good to hear from you. (informal) one hand, if someone has committed a
crime then they should be punished. On
the other hand, young people should be
given a second chance. Another thing to 2 discusses
consider is that nowadays young
offenders’ institutions are overcrowded, so 3 said
perhaps young people should be given 4 made
community service instead. One
advantage of this is that we can teach 5 correctly
them useful skills. On balance, I therefore
think that a prison sentence should only be
given as a last resort. Common errors
4 1 You’ll You’d better take a coat with you
Common errors – it might be cold later.
2 My brother is trying to lighten his hair
4 1 When the witness will arrive arrives, with hair dye.
please tell him to come into the court.
3 (correct)
2 We came over across some old photos
when we were tidying the garage. 4 I’ve never been allowed to have a tattoo.
3 The judge is ready to sentence the 5 We made took advantage of the sales,
witness defendant. and bought some new clothes.
4 (correct)
5 If only I haven’t hadn’t listened to their
conversation yesterday. Review – Unit 6
6 Is anything more important than kind
kindness / being kind in a relationship? Use of English
1 1 for
Review – Unit 5
2 by
3 who / that
Use of English 4 from

5 out
1 1B
6 about
2C
7 for
3A
8 as
4D
5A
6B 2 1B
7C 2D
8A 3D
4B
5C
2 1 was
6B
2 clean
7A
3 as
8A
4 built
5 dressed
6 aged Writing skills
7 length 1 1 Dear
8 piercings 2 am writing
3 present
Writing skills 4 to
5 find
3 1 about
6 faithfully
Common errors 4 Where’s the watch I lent you – what have
you done with it?
4 1 Did you remember calling to call your 5 Your face is red – what have you been
mum to tell her that you had arrived? doing?
2 To fill Filling out job application forms
takes a long time.
Ex 5 1 plays
3 It’s difficult find difficult to find a job, even
if you’re an experienced graduate. 2 has scored
4 The candidate seemed to be unhonest 3 started
dishonest and inexperienced.
4 was
5 (correct)
5 makes
Grammar Workshop – Ex 6 1 was growing up
Starter
2 focused
3 saw
Ex 1 1 It’s snowing 4 started
2 It snows 5 was studying
3 Do you know 6 beat
4 Is it raining
5 ’m not reading Ex 7 1 had run, scored
6 don’t understand 2 began, had arrived
3 flew, had seen
Ex 2 1 How long have you been studying here? 4 had finished, began.
2 Ethan has been learning the guitar for 5 went, had broken
three years.
3 Olivia hasn’t been working here for long.
Ex 8 1 had stopped
4 I haven’t been feeling well this week.
2 hadn’t remembered
5 They’ve been playing on the computer all
day. 3 had been talking
4 had never seen
5 Have you been watching
Ex 3 1 Diana has forgot forgotten her
homework.
2 I don’t want to come because I have Ex 9 1 Every summer Julia would go on holiday
already saw seen that film. to Lanzarote. /
3 correct Every summer Julia used to go on holiday
4 Alex has been losing lost his watch. to Lanzarote.
5 Pedro haven’t hasn’t been bungee 2 Did Gonzalo use to work in a

jumping before. supermarket?
6 Did Have you eaten anything since 3 I used to live in Greece when I was a
yesterday? child.
4 When he was a teenager he didn’t use to
smoke.
Ex 4 1 Please can we stop and rest – we’ve
5 100 years ago people didn’t use to have
been walking for hours.
televisions.
2 Eric is very excited – he’s never visited
6 Would you play in the street when you
Cyprus before.
were young? / Did you use to play in the
3 Have you seen Tom Cruise’s new film street when you were young?
yet?
Ex 10 1 won
Grammar Workshop –
2 was Unit 1
3 became
Ex 1 1 saw
4 has had
2 were
5 have never had
3 showed
4 could
Ex 11 1 ’m going to see
2 won’t rain
Ex 2 1 Tom said that he had been was going to
3 ’s going to be the cinema that night.
4 ’ll drive 2 My aunt said that she would check my
her messages before we left.
5 ’ll ring
3 Mum said that we have had to wait for
6 ’m going to ring my brother to arrive.
4 Sarah said that she haven’t hadn’t seen
Ex 12 1 will be playing him the day before.
2 will have gone 5 correct
3 will have spent

4 will have worked Ex 3 1 Lucy said that she had spoken to her
friend on Skype the day before.
5 will be cycling
2 Max said that he would take a photo of
6 will be walking me.
7 will be performing 3 My mother said that I had to tell her if I
8 will have left changed my email address.
4 Dad said that Peter had been online for
too long.
Ex 13 1 leaves
5 They said they had never used this
2 arrives website before.
3 am staying 6 Stephanie said that she was going to
look it up on the internet then to find out
4 is going to show more.
5 is going to take
6 are seeing
Ex 4 1 accused
2 offered
Ex 14 1 do 3 advised
2 How long 4 apologized
3 Who 5 announced
4 Weren’t 6 denied
5 play
6 When
Ex 5 1 to learn how to use the privacy features
7 Didn’t of any social networking site that we used.
2 to recommend some safe websites if we
liked.
3 never to give any personal information
about ourselves such as our phone
number, address or school.
4 lying about their identities online.
5 to help us sort out any problems we had Ex 4 1 , who is very tall,
online.
2 who scored the most goals
3 , who comes from Majorca,
Ex 6 1 she had seen
4 where the famous Oxford vs Cambridge
2 Marco was boat race
3 he was doing 5 which / that I used when I won
4 she knew
5 he hadn’t told Ex 5 1 which
2 (that)
Ex 7 1 Alex asked Harriet when her birthday 3 what
was.
4 (that/which)
2 Joe asked Lucy why she was crying.
5 which
3 Raul asked Victor who the tall boy was.
6 what
4 Ruben asked Julia if she liked carrots.
5 Sonia asked Tomas what he had had for
lunch. Ex 6 1 This is the football what which / that (can
be omitted) I used when I was a child.
6 Fran asked Caroline if she was a
member of friends.com. 2 I go running three times a week, that
which keeps me fit.
3 Here’s something what that / which (can
Grammar Workshop – be omitted) you can wear if you get cold.

4 I didn’t hear that what he said.
Unit 2 5 correct
Ex 1 1 who
Ex 7 1 a These are the main problems (which)
2 whose
we need to concentrate on.
3 that
b These are the main problems on which
4 when we need to concentrate.
5 where 2 a Seville is the city (which) we were
talking about yesterday.
b Seville is the city about which we were
Ex 2 1 where talking yesterday.
2 whose
3 who
4 when Grammar Workshop –
5 which
Unit 3
Ex 1 1 are attended
Ex 3 1 This is the triathlon that I took part in last
year. 2 are being helped
2 The race, which is five kilometres long, is 3 is held
in London. 4 is set up
3 Usain Bolt, who is the fastest man in the 5 have been donated
world, ran in the London Olympics.
6 are given
4 14 June is the date when we first met.
7 are told
5 We met him on Sunday, when we were
visiting friends.
Ex 2 1 A shoplifter was arrested this morning. 3 It is thought that buying items from this
website is risky. / Buying items from this
2 Shoppers will be offered discounts next website is thought to be risky.
week.
4 It is believed that this shopkeeper is
3 The ring was stolen from the jewellers dishonest. / This shopkeeper is believed to
last week. be dishonest.
4 Will the new shopping centre be opened
by the mayor tomorrow? / Is the new
shopping centre going to be opened by the Ex 8 1 delivered
mayor tomorrow?
2 broken into
5 Is this shirt being worn / going to be worn
by Mohamed Salah next season? 3 painted
4 smashed
5 refunded
Ex 3 1 was been opened
2 have are found
3 is visited
Ex 9 1 photo taking taken
4 have being been 2 leg been bitten
5 are being held 3 correct

4 Sandra got had her
5 bags packed
Ex 4 1 a was given b was given

2 a was passed b was passed Grammar Workshop –
3 a was sent b were sent
4 a was brought b were brought Unit 4
5 a was taught b were taught Ex 1 1 providing that
2 even if
Ex 5 1 The girl was shown the dress. / The 3 if
dress was shown to the girl.
4 as long as
2 Naomi was given some money. / Some
money was given to Naomi.
3 A refund was offered to me. / I was Ex 2 1 Rafaella is determined to join the
offered a refund. commune even if her parents don’t
approve.
4 Simone has been sent a letter. / A letter
has been sent to Simone. 2 We won’t be able to take part in the
demonstration unless we leave
immediately.
Ex 6 1 Consumers are reported to be staying 3 They’ll stay in the caravan providing that
away. there is electricity.
2 It is believed that online sales are 4 The judge won’t give him a fine as long
cheaper. as he agrees to do community service.
3 The watches are rumoured to be fake.
4 It is thought that customers are satisfied. Ex 3 1 If it rains, I won’t play football. First
conditional
2 If you hadn’t overslept, you wouldn’t
Ex 7 1 It is reported that organic items are have seen him. Third conditional
popular. / Organic items are reported to be
popular. 3 If babies cry, they are hungry. Zero
conditional
2 It is thought that a personal shopper is a
luxury. / A personal shopper is thought to 4 If you had invited me, I would have
be a luxury. come. Third conditional
Ex 4 1 would put
2 get
Grammar Workshop –
3 Will, go Unit 5
4 would, do
Ex 1 1 needn’t
5 melts
2 can
3 might
Ex 5 1 If I had enough time, I would learn
4 ’d better
Spanish.
5 could
2 If you put wood on a fire, it burns.
6 ought to
3 If the roads are icy, it will stop us from
making the journey tomorrow. 7 don’t have to
4 Will you feed the dog if she is hungry 8 should
later?
9 may
5 If John hadn’t broken the law, he
wouldn’t have gone to prison.
Ex 2 1 was able to buy
Ex 6 1 should 2 ’re allowed to spend
2 might 3 couldn’t speak
3 could 4 mustn’t use
4 could 5 managed to find
5 might
6 could Ex 3 1 Year 10 students must take exams every
term.
2 Year 8 students must be at school by
Ex 7 1 may / might take 7.45.
2 should 3 Students don’t have to eat in the school
canteen.
3 could
4 Bachillerato students don’t have to study
4 may / might not have come
art.
5 must pay
Ex 4 1 should / ought to take

Ex 8 1 hadn’t argued, would still be
2 should / ought to make
2 would be, hadn’t
3 shouldn’t / ought not to ignore
3 would have chatted, spoke
4 shouldn’t / ought not to undersell
5 should / ought to find
Ex 9 1E
2A
Ex 5 1 must
3C
2 may / might / could
4D
3 must
4 can’t
Ex 10 1 wish I hadn’t shouted
2 wishes her fiancé was
Ex 6 1 might have won / could have won / may
3 wishes he could speak have won
4 wishes she hadn’t lied 2 shouldn’t have stayed
5 wish my neighbour would be 3 couldn’t have / can’t have enjoyed
4 should have eaten
5 must have missed
Key Linkers
Grammar Workshop – Ex 1 too: as well
Unit 6 What’s more: Furthermore / In addition /

Moreover
Ex 1 1 to look for also: none
2 to discover besides: as well as
3 finding Also: none
4 not to offer
5 having Ex 2 1 (any order) furthermore, in addition,
moreover, what’s more
2 (any order) too; as well
Ex 2 1 Kay’s interview seemed to go well
yesterday. 3 (any order) as well as; besides
2 Applying for jobs is always time- 4 also
consuming.
3 Josh is used to attending job interviews.
Ex 3 1 In spite of
4 Angela was happy to see her friends last
night. 2 but
3 Even though
Ex 3 1 She warned him to stay away. 4 However
2 He expected me not to disagree. 5 nevertheless
3 The boss persuaded his staff to work

overtime. Ex 4 1E
4 Did Sara invite you to stay the night? 2C
3B
Ex 4 1 her mum to let 4F
2 to eat 5A
3 to win 6D
4 not to lose
Ex 5 1 Looked Looking
Vocabulary Workshop
2 ran run – Unit 1
3 correct Ex 1 1 expression
4 spoke spoken
2 false friend
5 had watched
3 proverb
4 cognate
Ex 6 1 Being hungry, I ate a snack. 5 synonym
2 Having bought some stamps, Freya 6 meaning
posted the card.
3 Feeling cold, he put on a jumper.
Ex 2 Students’ own answers.
4 Having already eaten, Leo didn’t go to
the restaurant.
5 Not wanting to watch the film, she read a Ex 3 1 argument
book.
2 comment
3 discussion / dialogue 5 instant messaging
Ex 4 I have: an accent Ex 10 Students’ own answers.

I am: bilingual, a native speaker
Vocabulary Workshop
That is: slang, a translation, my mother
tongue
I speak: fluently, a second language
– Unit 2
Ex 1 active, competitive, sedentary, sporty
Ex 5 1 speak, fluently
2 native speaker, slang
Ex 2 1F
3 bilingual
2D
4 have an argument
3A
5 commented on
4B
6 translation
5C
7 second language
8 have a discussion
Ex 3 1 sign up
2 get through
Ex 6 1 jealous
3 sedentary
2 annoyance
4 take part in
3 isolation
4 sad
Ex 4 Possible answer:
5 delight
There are people taking part in a running
6 confusion
event with lots of spectators who are
7 hopeful cheering for them. Two runners are
helping another competitor rather than let
8 embarrassment him drop out.
9 enthusiastic
10 affectionate
Ex 5 1 keep track of
2 ended up
Ex 7 1 get through 3 went ahead
2 spam 4 came up with
3 on speakerphone 5 worked out
4 swipe 6 taking over
Ex 8 1 cut off Ex 6 1 take part

2 ringtone 2 came up with
3 spam 3 get through
4 offline 4 ended up
5 took over
Ex 9 1 emojis 6 sign up
2 charger
3 predictive texting Ex 7 1a
4 follow 2 take (or have)
3 for shopping on the high street is that you can
try on clothes and see if the clothes fit
4 an properly and suit you, but the
disadvantage is that there are often
crowds of people, and it’s tiring.
Ex 8 1 enrolled
2 get
Ex 4 A
3 gain
4 taking
Ex 5 1 give him the time of day
5 stretching
2 keeps an eye out for
6 get
3 rule of thumb
7 keep
4 tip of the iceberg
8 taking
5 ’re in safe hands
6 judge a book by its cover
Ex 9 Possible answer:
If you don’t have any energy: You might be
dehydrated, so try drinking more water, Ex 6 1C
about eight glasses per day to help your
2A
body get hydrated. Also, be mindful of the
food you eat. If you eat lots of sugar and 3D
fat, you won’t have any energy. Try eating
vegetables rather than carbohydrates for 4E
long-lasting energy. 5B
Vocabulary Workshop Ex 7 1 clean up

2 packaging
– Unit 3 3 incinerate
Ex 1 place: charity shop, sweatshop activity / 4 dump
action: browse, try out, try on, purchase,
exchange, refund 5 compost
person: influencer 6 contaminate

7 recycling
Ex 2 1 Shopping online
2 purchase Ex 8 1 toxic
3 sweatshops 2 break down
4 charity shops 3 zero-waste
5 second-hand 4 landfill sites
6 brands 5 carbon footprint
7 try on / out 6 dispose of
8 send, back
9 refund Ex 9 1 dump
2 reuse
Ex 3 Possible answer: 3 dispose of
The advantage of shopping online is that 4 incinerate

you can browse easily and compare 5 contaminate
products. It’s also convenient, but the
disadvantage is that you can’t try on 6 recycle
clothes, so sometimes you have to send
them back, and ask the shop to refund or
exchange them. The advantage of Students’ own answers.
Vocabulary Workshop Ex 6 crime: shoplifting, theft, vandalism,

mugging
– Unit 4 punishments: community service, pay a

fine, sentence
Ex 1 1D people in court: criminal, defendant, judge,
jury, prosecutor
2A
3B
4E Ex 7 1 to
5G 2 of
6C 3 crime
7F 4 verdict
Ex 2 1 wealth Ex 8 1 sentenced to
2 authorities 2 dismissed (–)
3 neighbourhood 3 reached (–)
4 citizen 4 arrested, for
5 racial discrimination 5 released from
6 segregation 6 accused, of
7 employment
Ex 3 1 healthcare system
2 animal rights
3 welfare state
Vocabulary Workshop
– Unit 5
Students’ own answers. Ex 1 Across
2 tattoo
Ex 4 1 –2 maturity, minority 6 plain
3 bravery 8 decorative
4–6 supervision, discrimination, education 11 piercing
7 appearance 12 loose
8–9 treatment, entertainment
10 friendship Down
11–12 fairness, kindness 1 casual
13 arrival 3 vintage
14 neighbourhood 4 fitted
5 accessory
Ex 5 1 scenery 7 striped
2 appearance 9 chunky
3 supervision 10 elegant
4 entertainment
5 kindness
6 bravery
Ex 2 Possible answer: 12 L
I wouldn’t design and make my own 13 H
clothes because I can’t draw or make
things, so it would be a disaster! I would
have my clothes made for me if I had Ex 7 Possible answer:
enough money because jeans never fit me
well. The man in photo A is smartly dressed and
clean-shaven, while the man in photo B is
scruffy-looking.
Ex 3 Both of the women have dark hair, but the
woman in photo C has a natural-looking
do research, someone a favour style with a full-length dress, while the
give someone a chance, the impression female in photo D is sporty-looking.
make no difference, sense

reach the point, a compromise
Vocabulary Workshop
take advantage, something seriously
have an opportunity, a feeling
– Unit 6
Ex 1 Studying: graduate from, do an internship,
win a scholarship, write a thesis, become
Ex 4 1 had an opportunity an apprentice Teaching: supervise a
volunteer, mentor an intern, tutor a student
2 reached the point
Working: apply for a permanent position,
3 make sense
work full-time / part-time, take on a
4 take advantage temporary job, turn down a job, have a
well-paid job
5 gives the impression
6 do me a favour
Ex 2 1 be
2 take on
Ex 5 Possible answers:
3 be
2 It’s going to take three hours to reach our
destination. 4 take on
3 I have a feeling that it will rain later. 5 be
4 We shouldn’t take our education for 6 take on
granted.
7 be
5 If I had my own fashion business, I
8 be
wouldn’t do business with sweatshops.
6 These seats give priority to disabled, 9 be
elderly or pregnant people.
Ex 3 1 scholarship
Ex 6 1B 2 thesis
2E 3 apprentice
3I 4 apply
4D 5 train
5G 6 full, low
6A
7K Ex 4 video editor, yoga instructor, flight
8J attendant, dog groomer, software
designer, drone pilot
9F
Photos: 1 flight attendant
10 M
2 drone pilot
11 C
3 software designer
Exam practice 1
4 dog groomer
Ex 5 Possible answer: Ex 1 1 False. (Maths anxiety may affect up to

two million children in the UK …)
1 A tattoo artist creates tattoos, and a
tattoo remover removes tattoos. 2 True. (… people don’t admit to struggling
with reading and writing …)
2 A film director is in charge of making a
film, and a company director manages a
business. Ex 2 A
3 A drone pilot controls a drone, and an
airline pilot controls a plane.
Ex 3 1 The woman showed that she disliked
4 A school teacher teaches children at a
maths through her facial expression and
school, and a yoga instructor teaches yoga
by saying that she did not think algebra
in a studio.
was useful in real life.
5 A software designer designs software,
2 According to Margaret Lester, many
and a video editor edits videos.
people believe that mathematical ability is
due to a gene and that if you are not
naturally good at maths, you cannot
Ex 6 Students’ own answers. improve.
3 Martin Trigg thinks that teachers can
help pupils to understand the way they feel
Ex 7 1 in
about their difficulties with maths.
2 dis
3 un
Ex 4 Suggested answers:
4 im
1 common, affecting a lot of people
5 ir
2 finding difficult
3 something that you are proud of and
Ex 8 Students’ own answers. want to show to people
4 has not yet been proved
Ex 9 Possible answer: 5 instantly
1 For me, it’s more important to have the

right personal qualities for a job because
Ex 5 Whose responsibility is it to ensure that the
you can gain experience when you’re
emotional aspects of learning aren’t
working, and both of those things are more
neglected?
important than qualifications in many
cases. In the case of a job that requires a
lot of knowledge, for example a doctor,
qualifications are more important because Ex 6 1B
you would be unsafe without correct 2D
medical knowledge. The right personal
qualities would make you a nicer doctor
and you’d enjoy the work more, but you
wouldn’t be safe. Ex 7 Students’ own answers.
2 I wouldn’t like to be a football player

because there is a lot of pressure from Ex 9 1B
fans, the team owner and teammates. You
also have to be incredibly fit, and enjoy 2B
being in the public eye. I like being
3A
anonymous, and eating pizza regularly!
4C
5B
6C
7C
8B
9C 8C
10 B
Exam practice 3
Exam practice 2 Ex 1 C
Ex 1 1 False. (… Howard Schulz, wanted his
coffee shops to become a “third place”,
neither an office nor a home but something Ex 2 Suggested answers:
in between.) 1 To show that sign languages have
2 False. (The British might have been sophisticated grammars, Dr Atwell uses
cash-strapped, but they were not prepared the example of verb tenses, which sign
to give up their morning latte. / It was languages can express by changing
predicted that Starbucks and its rivals movements in certain ways.
would go the same way. In fact, the 2 When the first school for deaf children
opposite happened.) opened in Nicaragua, the pupils soon
developed their own sign language, which
they still use as adults. However, only the
Ex 2 1 underwent a meteoric expansion pupils who started at the school when they
were four developed a language with a
2 tech-savvy complete grammar.
3 status symbol 3 Some people are opposed to the use of
4 raved about loan signs because they think that sign
languages should be kept pure and not be
5 cash-strapped influenced by other languages.
Ex 3 Students’ own answers. Ex 3 1 False. (Up to the 1970s … deaf

Nicaraguans were largely cut off from one
another.)
Ex 4 Starbucks grew rapidly in the UK because
2 False. (… Gallaudet … had travelled to
of the popularity of the US sitcom Friends
France to learn about deaf education
with British people.
before returning home.)
Ex 5 1 that it continued to Ex 4 1 directly related to

2 increased so sharply that coffee may 2 a school after
Ex 6 Suggested answers: Ex 5 1 straightforward

1 words that we use frequently 2 cut off
2 happened at the same time as 3 making up
3 had become excessive 4 to this day
4 started spending less money 5 acquire
6 take the view that

Ex 9 1C
2A Ex 8 1B
3C 2C
4B 3A
5C 4B
6C 5A
7D 6A
7C 10 learning from our mistakes
8B
Exam practice 5
9C
Ex 1 B
Exam practice 4
Ex 1 1 The purpose of the study was to Ex 2 B
examine whether honey was an effective
treatment.
2 She discovered that soldiers used honey Ex 3 A
to heal cuts.
3 They pollinate flowers, so more plants
Ex 4 B
can grow and produce food.
Ex 5 A
Ex 2 C
Ex 6 B
Ex 3 1 allergies / allergy
2 become immune
3 soothe Ex 7 1C
4 confirmation 2B
3B
4D
Ex 4 1 well / widely known
5C
2 should / need to look after bees
6C
7A
Ex 5 1 worry
8C
2 found out
3 alternative
Ex 8 1B
4 container
2A
5 harmful
3C
4C
Ex 6 In which ways is beekeeping an absorbing
activity? 5A
6B

Ex 8 1 logical
2 social networking sites
3 psychology student
Exam practice 6
Ex 1 1D
4 break the habit
2G
5 our behaviour
3C
6 a (new) pair of sandals
4A
7 useful articles
5E
8 irrational
6B
9 drama club
Ex 2 1A
2C
3A
4B
5C
Ex 3 1 competitive
2 leading
3 enthusiasm
4 genuinely
5 performance
6 creatively
7 useful
8 glamorous

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Key 2nd edition Student’s Book 2 - Answer Key

Starter 2 1 She got a job after she had left school. /

C present simple 5 They didn’t know about the concert

4 knows: know is a stative verb and is not 12 C

B Translations: Students’ own answers

Who refers to an object in D. 4 I’ll be learning

3 E Possible answer: Haven’t you already 5 we’ll have finished

Practice 5 1 ’re going to be late

1 1 will / ’ll help 2 will be a lot of traffic

2 will win 3 leaves at 10 a.m.

3 am / ’m going to get 4 ’ll help you pack

4 are / ’re going to stay 5 ’ll be sitting on a bus

5 is having 6 ’ll have arrived

6 will / ’ll have visited

10 What is she doing now? 6 slang

11 When is she going to Australia? 7 comment on

12 What course is she going to do?

1A Introduction Words & worlds 2 By using text and voice messages.

2 1 A When someone accidentally says 5 what

6 A a person 5 brilliant, translation

12 Possible answers: 4 delighted

Influence of the British Empire in the 5 affectionate

1B Reading Language & identity enthusiastic

2 1 True. (… approximately 65% of the

B to 4 Becky promised to keep in touch.

C Paul to 5 Harry suggested going to the cinema

2 A: ‘I’m not going out.’ → She told me /

C 1 False 4 what languages I wished I could speak.

9 1 I eat a lot of food that is typical in Spain.

1E Writing An opinion essay

4 lost signal 2 Students’ own answers. Possible

Extra activity: Speaking 2 foremost

Writing skills An opinion essay

4 1 agree Against: not clear how effectively you can

3 1 … use the internet.

5 3A 4 1 signed up, championship, take part,

Pronunciation Word stress

8 Interview 1: How often do you train? Do

1 Even though C 1 Which

Extra activity: Exam practice D A

4 1 Where are the tickets (which / that) I 3 ’re going to go

2D Communication 6 your balance, flexibility and strength.

3 1 A group of about 250 male and female

3 A world of consumers 5 1 £10.

2 1 influencer 8 Save up to buy the trainers online.

1 help them decide which product to buy.

2 (Possible extra information in brackets)

2 pets (In 2006 someone tried to sell New 3 having, taken

8 Possible answers: 14 zero-waste

Have you ever had anything confiscated? 15 landfill sites

When did you last have something 16 recycling

Consolidation FAST FINISHERS

1 True. (It produces toxic gas for many

6 1 Today, examine 4 Students’ own answers.

2 First, Firstly 5 For a catch up, to complain about the

1 are you 1 I think they drink it because they think it

4 False. (20%) Improving education?

5 True. Changes to the welfare state and

Video Three strange laws 6 Possible answers: