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Overview of Deep Learning - Intuition and History

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13 views3 pages

Overview of Deep Learning - Intuition and History

Uploaded by

vijai
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Overview of Deep Learning: Intuition

and History

Welcome to the Fascinating World of Deep Learn-


ing!
This section introduces the core ideas behind deep learning, tracing its devel-
opment from the 1980s to the present, explaining why it’s booming now, and
providing an overview of neural networks and artificial neurons.

A Historical Context: The Evolution of Deep


Learning
• Neural Networks’ Early Days:
– Neural networks were invented in the 1960s and 70s, gaining momen-
tum in the 1980s.
– Researchers believed they could revolutionize technology, but the ini-
tial hype faded as technology wasn’t yet capable of supporting neural
networks effectively.

Why It Failed Initially:


Two primary factors were missing:
1. Data: In the 1980s, there wasn’t enough data to train neural networks
effectively.
2. Processing Power: Computers back then were too slow to handle com-
plex neural networks efficiently.

Exponential Growth in Data and Technology


1. Storage Evolution:
• 1956: A 5-megabyte hard drive was as big as a room and required a
plane for transport.

1
• 1980: A 10-megabyte hard drive cost $3,500.
• 2017: A 256GB SSD fits on your fingertip and costs around $150.
2. Processing Power (Moore’s Law):
• Processing power has grown exponentially, doubling every two years.
• By 2025, computers are expected to achieve the processing power
equivalent to the human brain.
• By 2045, computers may surpass the processing power of all human
brains combined.

What is Deep Learning?


Deep learning is a branch of machine learning that mimics how the human
brain learns by using artificial neural networks. It excels at tasks like image
recognition, speech processing, and recommendation systems.

The Brain as Inspiration: Neural Networks


• Human Brain Neurons:
– The brain contains 100 billion neurons, each connected to around
1,000 neighbors.
• Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs):
– Input Layer: Receives raw data (e.g., image data).
– Hidden Layers: Process data through interconnected neurons.
– Output Layer: Provides the result (e.g., image classification).

Why is it Called Deep Learning?


• Shallow vs. Deep Networks:

– Shallow networks have one or two hidden layers, while deep networks
contain multiple hidden layers.
• Depth Creates Power:
– Each layer enables learning more complex features, excelling in:
∗ Computer Vision (e.g., self-driving cars)
∗ NLP (e.g., chatbots)
∗ Healthcare (e.g., disease diagnosis)

2
The Role of Geoffrey Hinton
• Geoffrey Hinton is known as the “godfather of deep learning.”
• He was a pioneer in neural networks in the 1980s and now works at Google
advancing deep learning research.

How Neural Networks Work: A Simple Example


1. Input Layer: Data includes customer’s age and account balance.
2. Hidden Layers: Extract patterns from input data.
3. Output Layer: Predicts whether a customer will stay or leave.

Applications of Deep Learning


1. Recommender Systems: Netflix, Amazon, and Spotify suggest content
based on user behavior.

2. Computer Vision: Powers facial recognition and self-driving cars.


3. Healthcare: Helps in diagnosing diseases and predicting health risks.

Why is Deep Learning Thriving Today?


• Abundant Data: The internet generates vast data every second.
• Affordable Storage: Cloud platforms provide accessible data storage.
• Advanced Processing Power: GPUs make training deep learning mod-
els efficient.

Conclusion: The Future of Deep Learning


Deep learning has transformed from a niche field to a cornerstone of technology.
With continuous advancements, it will continue shaping industries and solving
complex problems in the future.

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