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Operant Conditioning

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Clem Signar Balbon
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7 views10 pages

Operant Conditioning

.

Uploaded by

Clem Signar Balbon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPERANT CONDITIONING

Clem S. Balbon
Roxane Biaca
POSITIVE
REINFORCEMENT

involves adding a pleasant stimulus after a


behavior to increase its likelihood of occurring
again. This type of reinforcement is often used in
behavior modification techniques, such as token
economy systems in schools or workplaces.
NEGATIVE
REINFORCEMENT

involves removing an unpleasant stimulus after a


behavior to increase its likelihood of occurring
again. This type of reinforcement is often used in
escape or avoidance conditioning, where
individuals learn to engage in a behavior to avoid
or escape an aversive situation.
POSITIVE PUNISHMENT
is a technique used to decrease the likelihood of a
behavior occurring by adding an unpleasant
consequence immediately after the behavior takes
place. For instance, if a dog jumps on the couch,
the owner may yell at the dog to discourage this
behavior. The dog will associate jumping on the
couch with the negative consequence of being
scolded, leading to a decrease in the behavior.
NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT
involves removing a desired stimulus or
consequence in response to a behavior in order to
decrease the likelihood of that behavior happening
again. An example of negative punishment could
be taking away a child's favorite toy for
misbehaving. The child will learn that misbehaving
results in the loss of their toy, prompting them to
think twice before engaging in the behavior again.
REWARD AND PUNISHMENT
REWARD AND
PUNISHMENT

are two key components of operant


conditioning that play a crucial role in
shaping behavior.
REWARDS
Rewards are positive consequences that follow
a desired behavior, increasing the likelihood
that the behavior will be repeated in the future.
For example, giving a child a sticker for
completing their homework can serve as a
reward that reinforces the behavior of
completing homework.
PUNISHMENT
Punishment is a negative consequence that
follows an undesired behavior, decreasing the
likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in
the future. For instance, a child may be given a
time-out for hitting their sibling, which serves
as a punishment that discourages the behavior
of hitting.
MAJOR SIGNIFICANCE OF OPERANT
CONDITIONING IN DAILY LIFE
Operant Conditioning plays a major role in daily life by
shaping our behaviors, influencing our decision-making,
and contributing to our overall well-being. Through the
process of reinforcement and punishment, individuals
learn which behaviors lead to positive outcomes and which
behaviors lead to negative outcomes. By understanding
and applying the principles of operant conditioning,
individuals can effectively modify their behaviors, make
informed decisions, and improve their quality of life.

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