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Lecture Part 2 Physical Media

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Arwa Muhamad
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15 views16 pages

Lecture Part 2 Physical Media

Uploaded by

Arwa Muhamad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physical layer *

• Signals and encoding

• Media : Wired and wireless media

• Types of wires and their properties distance and speed (data rate),…

• Connectors used in combination with wires. (RJ45, RJ11,…)


Physical Media *

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Guided Media *
• Guided media are those that provide a visible channel/wire from one device
to another:
Twisted Pair two types:
• Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and
• Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Coaxial Cables tow type:
• Thicknet
• Thinnet

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Guided Media *
• Guided media are those that provide a visible channel/wire from one
device to another, they include:

• Fiber-Optics two types

• Single-mode

• Multimode

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Twisted Pair Cables *

The twisting reduces


electromagnetic
interference

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UTP and STP Cables *

UTP Cable

Metal Shield

STP Cable

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STP Shielding
Individual Shielding

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STP Shielding
Group Shielding

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STP Shielding
Double Shielding

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Coaxial Cables *

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Optical Fibers

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Optical Fibers

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Propagation Modes *

• Lower transmission speed • Higher transmission speed


• Distance up to 2km • Distance up to 100Km
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Coaxial Cables - BNC Connectors

Twisted Pair Cables - RJ-45 Connectors

Straight- Crossover
Through Configuration
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Configuration
Unguided Media: Wireless *
• This type of communication is often referred to as wireless
communication
• There are several standards that govern wireless communication,
the most widely used are:
• IEEE 802.11: Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi)
• IEEE 802.15: Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN or Bluetooth)
• IEEE 802.16: Broadband wireless communication (WiMAX)
• Global System for Mobile communication (GSM): the standard of data
transfer over cellular networks

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Unguided Media: Wireless
• Bluetooth uses a device pairing process to communicate over
distances up to 15 meters
• Wi-Fi provides the standards for wireless LANs, there are
several categories in this standard:
• 802.11a: 54Mbps transmission in the 5GHz band
• 802.11b: Provides up to 11Mbps transmission in the 2.4GHz band
• 802.11g: Provides up to 54Mbps transmission in the 2.4GHz band
• 802.11n: Provides a data rate from 54Mbps to 600Mbps, and
operates on both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands
• 802.11ac, 802.11ad, 802.11af, 802.11ax, 802.11aj, 802.11ay …. etc.

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