Monography

WONDERS
AROUND THE
WORLD
Description
of “Petra”
STUDENT:
 DIEGO SAMUEL LOBÓN LIMA

 JUAN EDWIN CALIZAYA LLANOS
 GIOVANNI BIERHOF CCALLATA
ANCCORI
GROUP TEACHER:
 Chambi Vilavila Teresa Sonia
COURSE:
 Basic English
EIGHTH UNIT
MOQUEGUA – PERÚ 2024

Petra
Introduction:
Petra is an ancient city located in southern Jordan, renowned for its remarkable architecture
carved into rock and its rich historical and cultural significance. This historical site, nestled in a
valley surrounded by towering cliffs, has captivated people worldwide due to its beauty and
intriguing past.
- Location
The city sits in a valley surrounded by tall cliffs, making it stunning to see. In ancient times,
Petra was a big trading center and cultural hub, drawing people from everywhere. Now, it's a top
spot for tourists, letting them explore the area's fascinating history and heritage.
- Climate and Environment

The weather is tough, with scorching summers up to 40°C and chilly winters below 0°C. Plants
like bushes, cacti, and tough grasses survive in the sparse vegetation. The landscape is full of
rocky formations and colorful cliffs, making Petra stand out for its beauty and unique
environment.
-Tourism
Popular sights at Petra include the Treasury, a stunning building carved into the rock, the
Monastery, another impressive monument atop a hill, and the Siq, a narrow canyon leading to
these wonders. Visitors can also explore the ancient city with its ruins, tombs, temples, and the
rock-cut Roman Theater.
- Number of visitors
Jordanian tourism authorities say Petra attracted 900,000 visitors last year, close to the record of
one million in 2019. All of Jordan received 4.6 million visitors in 2022, almost four times more
than 2020.
- How to get?
Getting into Petra is quite difficult. Visitors have several options to choose from. Some prefer to
ride horses or take a horse carriage, offering a scenic and traditional way to approach the site.
Others opt for the classic experience of walking through the Siq, a narrow canyon that leads into
Petra, immersing themselves in the breathtaking surroundings along the way. Whichever mode
of transportation you choose, each offers a unique and memorable journey into this ancient
wonder.
History:
Origin and Foundation of Petra

Historians debate where Petra came from, but many think the Nabateans started it around the 4th
century BCE in southern Jordan. Its location, protected by tall cliffs, made it perfect for trade and
defense.
Over time, Petra grew a lot as a city. The Nabateans, who were good at trading and building,
made it bigger and fancier. They carved impressive rock buildings like the Treasury and
Monastery, and set up smart water systems.
Petra was at its best during the Hellenistic and Roman times, thriving as a wealthy and diverse
city. But when trade routes changed and business slowed down, Petra lost its importance.
Eventually, it was left empty by the 7th century CE.
Petra, was rediscovered by the Western world in the early 19th century. It had been known to
local Bedouins for centuries, but it gained international attention when Swiss explorer Johann
Ludwig Burckhardt stumbled upon it in 1812. Disguised as an Arab, Burckhardt convinced his
guide to take him to the ancient city, which was then lost to the outside world. Burckhardt's
accounts of Petra's grandeur and beauty captivated the imagination of people worldwide,
sparking a renewed interest in the site and leading to further exploration and study.
Architecture
Petra is known for its amazing rock-cut structures like the Treasury, the Monastery, the Roman
Theater, and many tombs and temples. The Treasury, especially, is iconic, carved into a cliff and
decorated with columns and sculptures.
Petra's architecture blends Nabataean, Roman, Greek, and Egyptian styles. It's known for its
huge rock-carved facades adorned with columns, pediments, and sculptures.
The Nabataeans developed advanced engineering techniques for carving and sculpting into rock,
using tools such as hammers, chisels, and iron pickaxes. They also built water channeling
systems and cisterns to supply the city.
Conclusion:
Visitors come from all over the world, but tourism also poses challenges such as preserving the
site and managing the flow of visitors.
It's crucial to find ways to balance tourism with preserving Petra's culture and environment.
We could also research sustainable ways to manage tourism, understand its impact on the local
community, and find strategies to protect Petra's history for future generations.
Bibliography
 Sánchez Sanz, A. (2012). El descubrimiento de Petra. Iberian. Revista Digital de Historia,

Nº 5, 12. ISSN 2174-5633.
 Blánquez Pérez, C. (2023). Petra y el reino Nabateo. Madrid, España: Editorial Dilema.

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WONDERS

 DIEGO SAMUEL LOBÓN LIMA

MOQUEGUA – PERÚ 2024

- Climate and Environment

Origin and Foundation of Petra

 Sánchez Sanz, A. (2012). El descubrimiento de Petra. Iberian. Revista Digital de Historia,

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