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Unit 2.2 Tabular Presentation of Data (SY22)

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WITH SOFTWARE APPLICATION

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14 views14 pages

Unit 2.2 Tabular Presentation of Data (SY22)

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WITH SOFTWARE APPLICATION

Uploaded by

20220025082
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 2.

2
TABULAR PRESENTATION OF
THE DATA
Mathematics Department
XAVIER UNIVERSITY-ATENEO DE CAGAYAN
Tabular Presentation – the process of
condensing classified data and
arranging them systematically in rows
and columns.

Common Types of Tables


1. Frequency Distribution Table (grouping by class
intervals)
2. Summary Table for Categorical Data
Frequency Distribution Table (grouping by class intervals)

- refers to the tabular arrangement (grouping) of all observations into


intervals or classes together with the count of the number of observations
that fall in each interval.

Steps
1. Determine an adequate number of intervals (K).
(usually between 5 to 20 class intervals)

Suggested Formulas: ; or K = 1+ 3.322log n, where n is the


sample size
2. Determine the range (R). R = highest-lowest
3. Compute the class width (c). c = R/K
Round off c to a value that is easy to work with.
(Suggested Rule: c must have the same number of decimal places as the original data)

4. List the class intervals


■ Example: The following table shows the weights (in pounds)
of 50 randomly selected tuna in a fish port.

70 87 99 112 127
78 88 99 114 132
80 89 100 115 132
80 89 106 117 132
82 92 106 119 135
84 94 107 120 136
85 95 108 123 136
86 95 109 124 137
87 97 110 125 138
87 98 112 125 139

Organize the WEIGHT data using Frequency Distribution


Table
Organize the WEIGHT data using Frequency Distribution Table

70 87 99 112 127 4. List the class intervals.


78 88 99 114 132 You may choose the lowest value
80 89 100 115 132 as the starting lower limit of the
80 89 106 117 132 1st class interval.
82 92 106 119 135
84 94 107 120 136 5. The next class intervals are
85 95 108 123 136 obtained by adding the class
86 95 109 124 137 width c.
87 97 110 125 138
87 98 112 125 139

Steps Class Intervals


1. Number of intervals (K).
+10
70 79
K = 1+ 3.322log n
80 89
= 1+ 3.322log 50
90 99
= 6.64 (rounded off to K=7)
100 109
2. Determine the range (R).
R = highest – lowest = 139-70 = 69 110 119
3. Compute the class width (c).
120 129
c = R/k = 69/7 = 9.857 (rounded off to c=10) 130 139
To determine the frequency of each interval using MS EXCEL:
Excel Function: (Highlight the cells under frequency.)
=frequency(data_array, bins_array) For the bins array, highlight the upper limit.
Press Ctrl+Shift+Enter
Output: Frequency Distribution Table

Table 3. Distribution of Weights of Selected


Tuna (in Pounds)

Weight Interval Relative


(lbs) No. of Tuna Frequency Percentage
70-79 2 0.04 4%
80-89 12 0.24 24%
90-99 8 0.16 16%
100-109 6 0.12 12%
110-119 7 0.14 14%
120-129 6 0.12 12%
130-139 9 0.18 18%
Total 50 1.00 100%

There are seven weight groups for the selected group. The lowest weight group is 70-79 lbs.
while the highest weight group is 130-139 lbs. 24% of the selected tuna fall under the 2nd
weight group of 80-89 lbs.
Additional Notes
1. Count/Frequency – represents the number of
observations falling in a certain category;
number of occurrence of a value

2. Percentage - represents the number of


observations falling in a certain category divided by
the total number of observations times 100.
Summary Table for Categorical Data

- a form of frequency distribution table where observations are


classified based on categorical names

Example: The following data are the colors of 20 randomly selected t-


shirts displayed in a department store.

T-shirt Color T-shirt Color


1 white 11 white
2 red 12 red
3 brown 13 brown
4 black 14 black
5 white 15 white
6 black 16 black
7 black 17 black
8 white 18 white
9 white 19 white
10 red 20 red

Organize the data in a Summary Table.


Excel Function
■ Encode the data in one column.
■ To determine the frequency: Use
countif function in Excel
=countif(range,”criteria”)
■ To get the total frequency
=sum(data)
■ To compute the relative frequency
=frequency/total
■ To get the percentage
Ctrl+Shift+% (or click on % icon in the
tool bar)

Note: Most statistical softwares


require numerical code to represent
each category. Ex. white = 1 (code)
Output: Summary Table for Categorical Data

Table 1. Distribution of T-shirt Colors in a Department Store

Number of Relative Percen


Colors t-shirts Frequency tage

white 8 0.4 40%

red 4 0.2 20%

brown 2 0.1 10%

black 6 0.3 30%

Total 20 1 100%

Among the four t-shirt colors, majority of the t-shirts displayed in the store
are white which covers 40% of the total distribution. The least displayed t-
shirt color is brown.
Excel Function
Note: Assign numerical code to
categorical data.
• Count/Frequency:
=countif(range_criteria)
• Total: =sum(data_range)
• Percentage: Ctrl+Shift+% (or click on
% icon in the tool bar)

Jamovi: Analyses -> Exploration -> Descriptive -> Frequency Tables


SPSS: Analyze – Descriptive
Statistics –
Crosstabs/Frequency

PSPP: Analyze – Descriptive


Statistics –
Crosstabs/Frequency

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