Biochem Lec 7
Biochem Lec 7
Biochem Lec 7
PYRUVATE OXIDATION
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION
MITOCHONDRIA
- Oxidation of pyruvate [3
carbon] into Acetyl CoA [2
carbon] so it can enter the
citric acid cycle
-32-34 ATP!
PROCESS LOCATION REACTANTS PRODUCTS NET ATP
GLYCOLYSIS Cytosol 1 Glucose (6 carbon) 2 Pyruvates 4 – 2 = 2 ATP
2 ATP (*Energy 2 Water (substrate level
Investment) 4 ATP phosphorylation)
2 NAD+
PYRUVATE Mitochondrial 2 Pyruvates 2 Acetyl CoA None
OXIDATION Matrix 2 Coenzyme A 2 CO2
(Acetyl Coa 2 NAD+ 2 NADH
Formation)
CITRIC ACID CYCLE Mitochondrial 2 Acetyl CoA 2 ATP 2 ATP
(Kreb’s or TCA Matrix 6 NAD+ 4 CO2 (substrate level
cycle) 2 FAD 6 NADH phosphorylation)
2 FADH2
OXIDATIVE Inner membrane 10 NADH 32-34 ATP 32-34 ATP
PHOSPHORYLATION and intermembrane 2 FADH2 H2 O
(ETC and
chemiosmosis)
space 6 O2
36-38 TOTAL ATP
Byproducts:
- Alcoholic fermentation produces: ethanol and carbon dioxide
- Lactic acid fermentation produces: lactic acid
Other characteristics:
- temporary solution only for cells when oxygen is unlimited and until aerobic conditions are
restored
- less efficient than aerobic respiration
• Acetyl CoA can also come from lipid and protein metabolism which also enter the CITRIC ACID
CYCLE
• Conversely, Acetyl CoA can also be converted to other molecules
Other sources of energy
1. Fatty acids
2. Proteins
PROTEIN