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Linear Programing Problems

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17 views7 pages

Linear Programing Problems

Uploaded by

esebabi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

4.8 Showing the inequality on a graph


If we are to show an inequality on a Cartesian graph, we consider the
inequality as if it was an equation and then plot the line corresponding
to it. We then shade the unwanted region. The unwanted region is the
region on the Cartesian graph for which the inequality has no solution.

Note:
When drawing the line, we look for the line; we look for the
inequality symbol and treat the line as follows;
i) If the inequality symbol is < or >, we use a broken line meaning
that it is not part of the solution to inequality.

ii) If the inequality symbol is  or  , we use a solid (continuous) line


meaning that the line forms part of the solution to the inequality.

4.9 Steps involved in drawing the inequality graphs


 Form an equation for the boundary line for each region by
replacing the inequality symbol with equal sing.
 Find the intercepts for each of the boundary lines.
 Join the two intercepts for each line with a continuous or a broken
line depending on the nature of the inequality symbol.
 Choose a test point on one side of the boundary line and check
whether the test point satisfies the inequality.
 Lastly, you can now shade out the unwanted region with the help of
a test point.

Example
Show the region x  2 on a graph by shading out the unwanted region.

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Kawanda Secondary School
Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

Solution
The inequality x  2 can be treated as a line x  2
Next, sketch the line x  2 using a broken line because of the symbol <

Let x  1be the test point. Substituting for 1 in the inequality


x  2  1  2 . Now what do you say. Is 1 less than 2? The answer is yes,
so shade out the unwanted region (which is to your right).

Example
Show the region for which y  x  3 by shading out the unwanted region.

Solution
First draw y  x  3
Intercepts:

x 0 -3
y 3 0

Let the point (0, 0), be the test point.


From y  x  3
Is 0  0  3 ?, the answer is NO. So the unwanted region is to the right of the line y  x  3

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Kawanda Secondary School
Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

Example
Show the region for which 3x  2 y  6 by shading out the unwanted
region.

Solution
Boundary line is 3x  2 y  6  y  3  32 x
Intercepts:

x 0 2
y 3 0

Test point (0, 0):


From 3x  2 y  6
Is 3(0)  2(0)  6  yes. So the unwanted region is to the right of the line 3x  2 y  6

Example
By shading the unwanted regions, show the region, which satisfies the
following inequalities.
x y3
y  x4
x0

Hence, find the area of the wanted region.

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Kawanda Secondary School
Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

Solution
For : x  y  3
y  3 x
Boundary line is y  3  x

Intercept

x 0 3
y 3 0

Test point (4, 0)


From x  y  3
Is 4  0  3  No. So the unwanted region is to the right of the line x  y  3
For : y  x  4
y  x4
Boundary line is y  x  4

Intercept

x 0 4
y -4 0

Test point (1,-2)


From y  x  4
Is  2  1  4  yes. So the unwanted region is below the line y  x  4
For : x  0
x0
Boundary line is x  0

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Kawanda Secondary School
Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

Test point (-1, 0)


Form : x  0, usin g the point (1, 0)  x  1, y  0.
Is  1  0  No, so, shade the left hand side of the line x  0
Boundary line is x  0

The wanted region is a triangle with base 7 units and height h


unknown. To find h, we consider the intersection of the
y  3  x and y  x  4
 3 x  x 4
2x  7
 x  7 2  3.5
Hence h  3.5 units

Area of the wanted region  12 bh  12  7  3.5


 12.25 sq units

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Kawanda Secondary School
Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

4.10 Miscellaneous exercise


1. Using a number line, determine the values of x satisfying the
given pairs of inequalities.
i. 1  x  7, 2  x  10

ii. 1  x  4, 0  x  8

iii. 2  x  6, 3 x  4

iv. 3  x  2, 0  x  5
v. 3  x  9, 7  x  11

2. Solve the following inequalities.


i. 3x  5  4
ii. 2 y  14  7
iii. 2(3x  1)  4 x  3
iv. 3x  4  6 x  7

3. Represent on suitable number line the solution set of each of the


following inequalities.
i. 3x 2  7 x  20  0
ii. 3x 2  7 x  20  0
x2 2
iii. 
4x  2x 2
3

4. Show the regions that satisfy the given inequalities.


i. y  2 x  1, y  3 x
ii. y  3x  2, y  2, 4 x  3 y  12  0
iii. y  0, 0  x  4, x  y  6

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Kawanda Secondary School
Shining UCE Mathematics – Wendi Kassim

5. Study the figure below and use it to answer the questions that
follow.

a) State the coordinates of the points A, B, C, and D.


b) Write down the inequalities satisfied by regions labeled 1, 2,
3, and 4.

6. Show on a Cartesian graph the region satisfying the


inequalities:
y  x  2  0, x  3 y  6  0, x  0, y0
a) List the points with integer coordinates that are contained
in the region.
b) What is the area of the figure that forms the wanted
region?
c) For which vertex of the figure that forms the wanted
region is 4 x  3 y :
i. Greatest
ii. Least.

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Kawanda Secondary School

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