Lesson Plan on Types of Speech Acts (Grade 11)

Subject: English or Communication Studies

Topic: Types of Speech Acts

Grade Level: Grade 11

Time Duration: 60 minutes

Learning Objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

1. Define the three types of speech acts: locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts.
2. Identify the type of speech act in various communication situations.
3. Analyze and create examples of different speech acts based on real-life scenarios.

Materials:
 Whiteboard/Blackboard
 Markers or Chalk
 Multimedia projector (optional)
 Printed handouts (or slides) on Speech Acts
 Sample dialogues/scripts

Lesson Outline:

1. Introduction (10 minutes)

Motivation/Hook:

o Start with a simple conversation between two people. Have two volunteers act it
out in front of the class.
 Example:
 Person A: “Could you pass the salt?”
 Person B: passes the salt
o Ask the class: “What happened here? Was the speaker just saying something, or
was there a purpose behind their words?”
 o Lead the students to realize that language isn't just about saying something
(locution), but it often carries an intention (illocution) and can cause a result or
response (perlocution).

Objective Setting:

o Inform the students that today, they will explore how language does more than
convey meaning—it performs actions, known as Speech Acts.

2. Presentation of Content (20 minutes)

Definition and Explanation of Speech Acts:

o Locutionary Act: The act of saying something. This involves the actual utterance and
its literal meaning. It's the content of the speech.

 Example: "It's cold in here."

o Illocutionary Act: The speaker's intention behind the statement. This is what the
speaker is trying to achieve (e.g., making a request, giving an order, making a
promise).
 Example: When someone says "It's cold in here," they might intend for
someone to close a window.
o Perlocutionary Act: The effect of the statement on the listener. This is the result or
response caused by the utterance.

 Example: The listener closes the window after hearing "It's cold in here."


Types of Illocutionary Acts (Austin and Searle):


o Assertives: Statements that express belief or information (e.g., "It’s raining
outside").
o Directives: Requests or commands (e.g., "Please close the door").
o Commissives: Commitments to future actions (e.g., "I promise to help you
tomorrow").
o Expressives: Express emotions or feelings (e.g., "I’m sorry for being late").
o Declarations: Statements that change the state of affairs (e.g., "I hereby declare you
husband and wife").


Interactive Discussion:
 

o Engage students in thinking of examples from their daily life that fall under each
category.
o Ask: “Have you ever said something with one intention and had a different effect
than expected?”

3. Guided Practice (15 minutes)

Activity 1: Speech Act Identification:

o Present students with different dialogues or sentences on the board or projector.

o Have them identify the locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts.

 Example 1:

 Utterance: “I’ll meet you after school.”

 Locution: A statement of a future event.
 Illocution: A promise.
 Perlocution: The listener expects the speaker to meet them later.

 Example 2:

 Utterance: "Can you pass me the book?"

 Locution: A question.
 Illocution: A request.
 Perlocution: The listener gives the book.

Activity 2: Role-Playing Speech Acts:

o Divide the class into small groups. Assign each group a type of illocutionary act
(assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, or declaration).
o Each group will create a short role-play scenario (1-2 minutes) that demonstrates
their assigned illocutionary act.
o After performing the scenario, the class will identify the locutionary, illocutionary,
and perlocutionary acts.

4. Independent Practice (10 minutes)

 Worksheet: Provide a worksheet with various statements or real-life scenarios. Students will
identify the locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts in each example.
  Example questions:

o "I hereby declare the event open."

o "I will pick you up at 5 PM."
o "That’s a beautiful painting!"
o "Could you help me with this homework?"

5. Conclusion and Reflection (5 minutes)

Summarization:

o Review the three types of speech acts (locutionary, illocutionary, and

perlocutionary) and the five types of illocutionary acts.
o Emphasize how understanding speech acts can help us communicate more
effectively by considering not only what we say but how it is intended and received.

Reflection:

o Ask students to think about a time when their words were misunderstood or had a
different effect than they intended. How can knowing about speech acts help them
in future communication?

Assessment:

1. Participation in Group Role-Play: 20%

2. Worksheet on Speech Acts: 30%
3. Group Identification of Speech Acts: 20%
4. Class Discussion Participation: 10%
5. Final Written Reflection (Exit Ticket): 20%

Activities for Types of Speech According to Purpose

and Delivery (Grade 11)

There are four types of speech according to purpose (informative, persuasive,

entertainment, and demonstrative) and four types of speech according to delivery
(impromptu, manuscript, memorized, and extemporaneous). Below are engaging
activities for students to explore these speech types in a fun and practical way.

Speech Types According to Purpose Activities:

1. Informative Speech Activity: "Teach the Class"

 Objective: Students will deliver a 3-minute informative speech on a topic of their choice.
 Instructions:
o Each student selects a topic they are passionate about or familiar with (e.g., a
historical event, a scientific concept, or a hobby).
o They will structure their speech using the introduction-body-conclusion format,
focusing on delivering facts and new information to their audience.
o Allow time for Q&A after each speech to ensure clarity and engagement.
 Variation: Students can work in pairs and present together, with each person focusing on
different aspects of the topic.

2. Persuasive Speech Activity: "Debate Challenge"

 Objective: Students will prepare and deliver a persuasive speech to convince the class on a
chosen issue.
 Instructions:
o Divide students into groups and assign each group a topic (e.g., "Should school
uniforms be mandatory?" or "Should social media usage be restricted for teens?").
o Each student will prepare a 2-minute speech taking a stance on the issue, using
strong arguments, emotional appeals, and data to persuade their audience.
o After all speeches are delivered, the class will vote on who presented the most
convincing argument.
 Variation: Hold a formal debate where students argue for or against a given proposition,
allowing rebuttals and counterarguments.

3. Entertainment Speech Activity: "Storytelling Time"

 Objective: Students will deliver an entertaining speech through a short story or personal
anecdote.
 Instructions:
o Students will prepare a 2-3 minute speech designed to entertain the class by telling
a funny or interesting story.
o Encourage students to use vivid descriptions, humor, and engaging body language
to capture the audience’s attention.
o The goal is to keep the class entertained while also practicing delivery skills.
 Variation: Host a "Comedy Hour" where students craft speeches using light-hearted jokes,
humorous personal experiences, or playful anecdotes.

4. Demonstrative Speech Activity: "How-to Tutorial"

 Objective: Students will deliver a speech demonstrating how to do something step-by-step.

 Instructions:
o Each student chooses a simple task or skill (e.g., how to tie a tie, bake a cake, do
origami, or solve a Rubik’s cube).
o They will create a 3-5 minute speech that clearly explains and demonstrates the
process to the class, possibly using props.
 o The class will ask follow-up questions if needed to ensure the demonstration is
clear.
 Variation: Set up small groups where students rotate and give multiple mini-demonstrations
to smaller audiences.

Speech Types According to Delivery Activities:

1. Impromptu Speech Activity: "Topic on the Spot"

 Objective: Students will deliver a short speech with little to no preparation.

 Instructions:
o Prepare a jar with random topics (e.g., "A day without technology," "My favorite
memory," "If I could travel anywhere in the world…").
o One by one, students pick a topic from the jar and are given 2 minutes to prepare
before delivering a 1-2 minute speech.
o Encourage students to structure their speech quickly (introduction, body,
conclusion) even with minimal preparation.
 Variation: Provide the students with a visual prompt or a single image to base their
impromptu speech on.

2. Manuscript Speech Activity: "Speechwriter for a Day"

 Objective: Students will write and deliver a manuscript speech.

 Instructions:
o Assign students to write a 2-3 minute speech on a formal topic (e.g., a speech for a
graduation ceremony, an important announcement, or a historical figure’s speech).
o Students will read their speech verbatim from the script while focusing on tone,
clarity, and eye contact with the audience.
o After the speech, give feedback on the quality of reading and engagement with the
audience.
 Variation: Provide famous historical speeches for students to practice reading with
appropriate tone and emotion.

3. Memorized Speech Activity: "Speech from Memory"

 Objective: Students will deliver a memorized speech without reading from notes.
 Instructions:
o Each student selects a short speech, quote, or poem (1-2 minutes in length) and
memorizes it completely.
o Students will deliver the speech from memory, focusing on eye contact, gestures,
and vocal variety to engage the audience.
o To make it more interactive, allow peers to ask questions related to the content of
the speech.
 Variation: Assign famous quotes from literary figures or political leaders for students to
memorize and deliver with appropriate intonation.

4. Extemporaneous Speech Activity: "Topic Preparation"

 Objective: Students will prepare and deliver a speech with limited notes.
 Instructions:
o Provide students with a list of topics a day before the class (e.g., "The impact of
social media," "Environmental issues," or "The importance of education").
 o Students will be given 5-10 minutes to outline their speech, but they cannot write a
full script.
o During the speech, they are allowed to use brief note cards but must rely on their
ability to deliver the speech naturally and confidently.
 Variation: Hold a mock "TED Talk" where students give extemporaneous speeches on ideas
they are passionate about.

Assessment Criteria for All Activities:

1. Content: Clarity and organization of ideas.

2. Delivery: Use of voice, eye contact, and body language.
3. Engagement: Ability to capture and maintain the audience’s attention.
4. Adherence to the Speech Type: Whether the speech meets the requirements of the assigned
purpose or delivery method.

These activities will help students not only differentiate between the different types of
speeches according to purpose and delivery but also practice their public speaking
skills in a supportive and interactive environment.

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Activities for Teaching the Types of Speech According

to Purpose and Delivery

Types of Speech According to Purpose:

1. Informative Speech: Speech that aims to inform or educate the audience.

2. Persuasive Speech: Speech designed to convince or persuade the audience.
3. Entertaining Speech: Speech intended to amuse or entertain the audience.

Types of Speech According to Delivery:

1. Impromptu Speech: Delivered with little to no preparation.

2. Extemporaneous Speech: Carefully prepared but delivered in a more spontaneous,
conversational manner.
3. Manuscript Speech: Read word-for-word from a written script.
4. Memorized Speech: Recited from memory without the use of notes.

Activity Ideas: Types of Speech According to Purpose

1. Speech Gallery (Informative, Persuasive, Entertaining)

  Objective: To help students differentiate among informative, persuasive, and entertaining
speeches.
 Instructions:

o Divide the class into three groups: informative, persuasive, and entertaining.
o Each group will be tasked with writing and delivering a 3-minute speech based on a
given topic but with a different purpose.
o Sample topic: “The Importance of Social Media”.

 Group 1 (Informative): Present data, facts, and objective information

about social media.
 Group 2 (Persuasive): Convince the audience why social media should be
regulated or should remain unrestricted.
 Group 3 (Entertaining): Share funny anecdotes, jokes, or light-hearted
observations about social media.

o Gallery Setup: After each group prepares, they rotate around the room delivering
their speech to different classmates or to small groups.

 Debrief: Have students reflect on how the speeches differed in style and content based on
purpose.

2. Persuasive Debate

 Objective: To practice crafting persuasive speeches and defending a point of view.

 Instructions:

o Choose a debatable topic (e.g., “Should uniforms be mandatory in schools?” or

“Should mobile phones be banned in classrooms?”).
o Divide the class into two groups: Affirmative (supporting the topic) and Negative
(opposing the topic).
o Each student must prepare a 2-3 minute persuasive speech defending their side.
o After delivering their speech, open the floor to a structured debate, where students
can challenge the opposing side’s arguments.

 Debrief: Discuss which arguments were most convincing and why, emphasizing the
techniques used in persuasive speaking (ethos, pathos, logos).

3. Informative Presentation Challenge

 Objective: To strengthen students' skills in delivering informative speeches.

 Instructions:

o Assign students a topic (or let them choose one) related to a subject they are
studying (e.g., history, science, current events).
o Each student will prepare a 5-minute informative presentation, complete with
visuals (slides, posters, or props), aimed at teaching their classmates something
new.
o Focus on clarity, organization, and factual accuracy.

 Debrief: Provide feedback on how well they explained the topic and maintained the
audience’s attention.
Activity Ideas: Types of Speech According to Delivery

1. Impromptu Speech Games

 Objective: To develop students' ability to think quickly and speak confidently without
preparation.
 Instructions:

o Write random topics on small slips of paper (e.g., “My favorite holiday,” “If I were an
animal…,” “A time I got in trouble”).
o Students pick a topic at random and have 30 seconds to think, then deliver a 1-2
minute impromptu speech on that topic.
o Encourage the audience to listen for clarity, confidence, and creativity in how the
student handles the topic.

 Debrief: Discuss the challenges and benefits of impromptu speaking, emphasizing how to
stay calm under pressure and organize thoughts quickly.

2. Extemporaneous Speech Practice

 Objective: To practice delivering well-prepared speeches in a conversational and

spontaneous way.
 Instructions:

o Assign students topics in advance and give them time to prepare an outline (not a
full script) of their speech.
o During class, each student will deliver a 3-4 minute speech based on their outline,
using notes only as a guide.
o Topics could be related to current events, hobbies, or future career goals.
o After each speech, the class will provide constructive feedback on the speaker’s
delivery, including their use of gestures, eye contact, and tone.

 Debrief: Discuss the importance of flexibility and adapting to the audience’s reactions in
extemporaneous speaking.

3. Manuscript Speech Delivery

 Objective: To develop students' ability to read a manuscript while maintaining audience

engagement.
 Instructions:

o Assign students a passage from a book, a famous speech, or an article. Each student
will prepare a 2-3 minute manuscript speech by reading the passage aloud to the
class.
o Focus on intonation, emphasis, and pacing to keep the audience engaged, even
when reading from a script.

 Debrief: Evaluate how well students delivered their speech with regard to eye contact, voice
modulation, and overall engagement despite reading from a manuscript.

4. Memorized Speech Performance

  Objective: To enhance students' memorization skills and improve delivery without relying on
notes.
 Instructions:

o Select a famous speech or literary monologue (e.g., Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have
a Dream,” a Shakespearean soliloquy, or a presidential inauguration speech).
o Students will memorize a 2-3 minute excerpt and perform it in front of the class,
focusing on vocal delivery, body language, and emotional expression.

 Debrief: Discuss the advantages and challenges of delivering a memorized speech.

Emphasize the importance of rehearsing to ensure a smooth, natural performance.

General Debriefing Questions (for both types of

speech purposes and delivery)
 What was challenging about delivering this type of speech?
 How did the purpose (inform, persuade, entertain) affect the way you organized your
speech?
 What strategies did you use to engage the audience, regardless of whether the speech was
memorized, impromptu, or extemporaneous?
 How do you think understanding the type of speech delivery will help you in real-world
situations (e.g., presentations, job interviews)?

These activities will help students become more confident speakers by familiarizing
them with the different purposes and methods of speech delivery.