Sample Chapter 3 Education

CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES
This chapter presents the research methods used in the study. It also
includes research design, the locale of the study, the respondents of the
study, research instrument, construction and validation of the instrument,
data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of the data.
Research Design
The study was made by the means of descriptive research design. The
purpose of descriptive research is to provide a comprehensive description of
the distinctive features of the population, circumstance, or phenomena
under investigation, without engaging in variable manipulation or hypothesis
testing. The researcher gathers quantifiable data to statistically analyze the
perception of Grade 10 students on using vocabulary learning strategies of
Dr. Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial Colleges Foundation, Inc.
According to Siedlecki (2020), Descriptive research design is a
scientific method that entails observing and describing a subject's behavior
without influencing it in any way.

Locale of the Study
Dr. Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial Colleges Foundation Inc. was one
of the colleges in Nasugbu Batangas. It is composed of Elementary, Junior
High School, Senior High School, and Colleges. The locale of the study was
the Junior High School which was specifically focused on Grade 10 students
which composed of 14 males and 13 females with a total number of twenty-
seven (27) students.
Respondents of the Study
The respondent of the study is composed of Grade 10 students in Dr.
Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial Colleges Foundation Inc. Nasugbu,
Batangas. One of the vital processes to keep this study successful. The
identification of respondents was systematically conducted using census
data. This approach facilitated the selection of respondents across various
age groups and genders, thereby enhancing the reliability and validity of the
study’s findings. The respondents are containing of twenty-seven (27)
respondents, 14 males and 13 females. The Grade 10 students of the school
year 2023 - 2024 was chosen by the researchers because they are suitable
and applicable to the study.
Research Instruments
The questionnaire was used as the main data-gathering instrument.
The instrument to be prepared focused on answering the statement of the
problem. The questionnaires will be distributed to the respondent. The date
gathering instrument was structured as a scale ranging from 0 – 4. Where in
the (4) is always, (3) often, (2) sometimes (1) rarely, and the last one is (0)
never. The questionnaire was composed of two parts: Part 1 is the profile of
the respondent. Part II was the questionnaire regarding the perception of the
respondents on using vocabulary learning strategies in terms of
comprehension, learning styles and vocabulary knowledge.
Construction and Validation of the Instrument
The researcher read extensively various research studies and various
questionnaires to give substance to his own questionnaire. Through the help
of her adviser, the researcher prepared the first draft of the questionnaire.
After making it substantive in context, the questionnaire was validated by
the three (2) experts such as school head, master teacher, and English
coordinator in a higher education institution.
The questionnaire was set up for reliability testing. The researcher
used twenty-seven (27) students for reliability test. To obtain an estimate of
the internal consistency of the questionnaire, the researcher used the
Cronbach Alpha in finding the reliability of the questionnaire.

Ethical Consideration
This study was subjected to Ethics Review by the Institutional Ethics
Review Committee (IERC) of the Dr. Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial
Colleges Foundation Inc. This study passed the ethical standards of the
Institution Research Ethics Board.
Part of the ethical consideration of this study was to secure the
consent of the respondents to voluntarily participate (Appendix D). Before
the respondents participated in the study each participant was given a copy
of a consent from was carefully explained to each respondent. It will further
emphasize to the respondents that participation in the study was voluntarily
and that they have option not to participate in the study.
Ethical principles were considered to preserve the integrity and dignity
of the respondents. This study is also subjected to similarity testing using
Turnitin with similarity index of 11% (Appendix I) to ensure that no part of
this study has been copied or plagiarized.
Data Gathering Procedures
To carry out the administration of the survey-questionnaire, the
researcher selected the desired number of respondents and gathered the
information and data regarding the research topic. Then, the letter of
request (Appendix A) was forwarded to the District Supervisor and principals’

offices. Upon the approval, the researcher distributed the questionnaires to
the respondents. The questionnaires were retrieved immediately after the
students answered the questionnaires and the collected data were counted,
organized, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted using the appropriate
statistical techniques. The questionnaires retrieved constituted one hundred
percent (100%) of the total number of respondents used in this study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The following statistical treatment was used to treat the data gathered
from this study.
Problem 1. Profile of the Respondents
1.1 Frequency counts and Percentage. These were used to
determine the profile of the respondents.
Problem 2. Perception of the Respondents on Using Vocabulary
Learning Strategies
2.1 Weighted Mean and Standard Deviation. These were used to
determine the vocabulary learning strategies used by the students for
enhancing the vocabulary skills of the respondents.
Problem 3. Significant Difference on using Vocabulary Learning
Strategies when Profile is Considered

3.1 T- test. This was used to determine the significant difference
on the use of vocabulary learning strategies of the respondents in terms of
age and sex.

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CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES

study, research instrument, construction and validation of the instrument,

data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of the data.

purpose of descriptive research is to provide a comprehensive description of

the distinctive features of the population, circumstance, or phenomena

under investigation, without engaging in variable manipulation or hypothesis

testing. The researcher gathers quantifiable data to statistically analyze the

perception of Grade 10 students on using vocabulary learning strategies of

Dr. Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial Colleges Foundation, Inc.

According to Siedlecki (2020), Descriptive research design is a

scientific method that entails observing and describing a subject's behavior

without influencing it in any way.

Dr. Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial Colleges Foundation Inc. was one

of the colleges in Nasugbu Batangas. It is composed of Elementary, Junior

which composed of 14 males and 13 females with a total number of twenty-

seven (27) students.

Respondents of the Study

The respondent of the study is composed of Grade 10 students in Dr.

Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial Colleges Foundation Inc. Nasugbu,

identification of respondents was systematically conducted using census

data. This approach facilitated the selection of respondents across various

study’s findings. The respondents are containing of twenty-seven (27)

respondents, 14 males and 13 females. The Grade 10 students of the school

and applicable to the study.

The instrument to be prepared focused on answering the statement of the

problem. The questionnaires will be distributed to the respondent. The date

gathering instrument was structured as a scale ranging from 0 – 4. Where in

respondents on using vocabulary learning strategies in terms of

comprehension, learning styles and vocabulary knowledge.

Construction and Validation of the Instrument

The researcher read extensively various research studies and various

questionnaires to give substance to his own questionnaire. Through the help

After making it substantive in context, the questionnaire was validated by

coordinator in a higher education institution.

The questionnaire was set up for reliability testing. The researcher

used twenty-seven (27) students for reliability test. To obtain an estimate of

the internal consistency of the questionnaire, the researcher used the

Cronbach Alpha in finding the reliability of the questionnaire.

This study was subjected to Ethics Review by the Institutional Ethics

Review Committee (IERC) of the Dr. Francisco L. Calingasan Memorial

Institution Research Ethics Board.

Part of the ethical consideration of this study was to secure the

consent of the respondents to voluntarily participate (Appendix D). Before

of a consent from was carefully explained to each respondent. It will further

emphasize to the respondents that participation in the study was voluntarily

and that they have option not to participate in the study.

Ethical principles were considered to preserve the integrity and dignity

of the respondents. This study is also subjected to similarity testing using

Turnitin with similarity index of 11% (Appendix I) to ensure that no part of

this study has been copied or plagiarized.

Data Gathering Procedures

To carry out the administration of the survey-questionnaire, the

researcher selected the desired number of respondents and gathered the

request (Appendix A) was forwarded to the District Supervisor and principals’

the respondents. The questionnaires were retrieved immediately after the

organized, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted using the appropriate

statistical techniques. The questionnaires retrieved constituted one hundred

percent (100%) of the total number of respondents used in this study.

Statistical Treatment of Data