C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier

Programming in C#
Lab 1

Objectives:
At the end of this session, you will able to understand:

Data type in C#

Input and output data in C#

Number and datetime format specifier

Part I: Workshop – 15 minutes

Students open workshop in CD ROM, then View, Run, Think about it.

Part II: Step by step – 45 minutes

Exercise 1: Display a message

Step 1: Open Visual Studio 2005

Step 2: Select the menu File->New->Project to create console based project named ‘First_prg’ and
Solution named Session01 as shown in Figure 1

Figure 1: New Project Dialog Box

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘program.cs‘ to ‘First_prg.cs’
Step 4: Replace code in ‘First_prg.cs’ with given code
using System;
class Example
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("This is the my first program using C#”);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build First_prg option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of the program as following

Exercise 2: Using datatype

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘DataType’ to the solution

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier

Step 2: Right click on project DataTypes -> set as Startup project

Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘DataTypes.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘DataTypes.cs’ with the given code

using System;
class Example
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int intVal;
double dblVal;
string strVal;
intVal = 10;
dblVal = 3.142;
strVal = "Fpt Aptech";
Console.WriteLine("{0} is an integer value", intVal);
Console.WriteLine("{0} is an double value", dblVal);
Console.WriteLine("{0} is an string", strVal);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build ‘DataTypes’ option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

Exercise 3: value type

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘ValueType’ to the solution

Step 2: Right click on project ValueType-> set as Startup project
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘ValueType.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘ValueType.cs’ with the given code

using System;
using System.Text;

class Example1
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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int valueVal = 5;
Test(valueVal);
Console.WriteLine("The value of the variable is {0}", valueVal);
Console.ReadLine();
}
static void Test(int valueVal)
{
int temp = 5;
valueVal = temp * 2;
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build ‘ValueType’ option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

Exercise 3: Reference Type

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘ReferenceType’ to the solution

Step 2: Right click on project ReferenceType -> set as Startup project
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘ReferenceType.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘ReferenceType.cs’ with the given code

using System;
class ReferenceType
{
public int valueVal;
}
class TestReference
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ReferenceType refer = new ReferenceType();
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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
refer.valueVal = 5;
Test(refer);
Console.WriteLine("The value of the variable is {0}",
refer.valueVal);
Console.ReadLine();
}
static void Test(ReferenceType refer)
{
int temp = 5;
refer.valueVal = temp * 2;
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build ReferenceType option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

Exercise 4: output

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘Output’ to the solution

Step 2: Right click on project Output -> set as Startup project
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘Output.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘Output.cs’ with the given code

/* This program demonstrates the output operators in C#*/

using System;
class Student
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//Declaring and intialising variables to store student details
int id = 1;
string name = "David George";
byte age = 18;
char gender = 'M';
float percent = 75.50F;

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
//Displaying the student details
Console.WriteLine("Student ID : {0}", id);
Console.WriteLine("Student Name : {0}", name);
Console.WriteLine("Age : " + age);
Console.WriteLine("Gender : " + gender);
Console.WriteLine("Percentage : {0:F2}", percent);
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build Output option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

Exercise 5: Input

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘Input’ to the solution

Step 2: Right click on project Input -> set as Startup project
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘Input.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘Input.cs’ with the given code

using System;
/* The program demonstrates the input and output operations.*/
class Student
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//Declaring integer constant to store value 100
const int percentConst = 100;
//Declaring variable to store the student name
string studentName;

//Declaring variables to store the student marks

int english, maths, science;
//Declaring and initialising variable to store the percentage

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
float percent = 0.0F;
//Accepting the details of the student
Console.Write("Enter name of the student : ");
studentName = Console.ReadLine();

Console.Write("Enter marks for english : ");

english = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

Console.Write("Enter marks for maths : ");

maths = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

Console.Write("Enter marks for science : ");

science = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

//Calculating the percentage of the student

percent = ((english + maths + science) * percentConst) / 300;

//Displaying the details of the student

Console.WriteLine("Student Name : " + studentName);

Console.WriteLine("Marks obtained in English : {0}", english);

Console.WriteLine("Marks obtained in Maths : {0}", maths);
Console.WriteLine("Marks obtained in Science : {0}", science);
Console.WriteLine("Percent : {0:F2}", percent);
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build ‘Input’ option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

Exercise 5: Number format specifier

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘NumberFormat’ to the solution

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
Step 2: Right click on project NumberFormat -> set as Startup project
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘NumberFormat.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘NumberFormat.cs’ with the given code

/*This program demonstrates the the numeric formatting in C#*/

using System;
class NumberFormat
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Currency formatting - {0:C} {1:C4}", 88.8, 888.8);
Console.WriteLine("Integer formatting - {0:D5}", 88);
Console.WriteLine("Exponential formatting - {0:E}", 888.8);
Console.WriteLine("Fixed-point formatting - {0:F3}", 888.8888);
Console.WriteLine("General formatting - {0:G}", 888.8888);
Console.WriteLine("Number formatting - {0:N}", 8888888.8);
Console.WriteLine("Hexadecimal formatting - {0:X4}", 88);
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build ‘NumberFormat’ option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

Exercise 5: Datetime format specifier

Step 1: Add a console based project ‘DateTimeFormat’ to the solution

Step 2: Right click on project DateTimeFormat -> set as Startup project
Step 3: Rename the class file ‘Program.cs’ to ‘DateTimeFormat.cs’
Step 4: Replace the code in ‘DateTimeFormat.cs’ with the given code

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier
using System;
class MainClass
{
public static void Main()
{
DateTime dt = DateTime.Now; // obtain current time

Console.WriteLine("d format: {0:d}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("D format: {0:D}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("t format: {0:t}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("T format: {0:T}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("f format: {0:f}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("F format: {0:F}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("g format: {0:g}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("G format: {0:G}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("m format: {0:m}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("M format: {0:M}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("r format: {0:r}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("R format: {0:R}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("s format: {0:s}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("u format: {0:u}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("U format: {0:U}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("y format: {0:y}", dt);

Console.WriteLine("Y format: {0:Y}", dt);
}
}

Step 5: Select menu File -> Save to save the file

Step 6: Select Build -> Build ‘DateTimeFormat’ option to build the project
Step 7: Select Debug -> Start without Debuging to execute the program
The output of program as following

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C# - Lab 1 – Data Type, Input and Output, Conversion, format specifier

Part III: Do it yourself – 60 minutes

Exercise 1: Write a program to enter: name, address, phone and display these information.
Exercise 2: Write a program to accept three integer number and find maximun number from three integer.
Exercise 3: Write a program that accepts a number between 1 and 7 from the user and return the
corresponding day of the week(1- Monday, 2- Tuesday and so on).
Exercise 4: Write a program to display the first 9 multiples of an integer. N entered from user

Exercise 5: Write a program to print the factorials of the integers from 1 to 20

Part IV: Homework

Exercise 1: Do assignment of module 1 in CD ROM
Exercise 2: Do assignment of module 2 in CD ROM
Exercise 3: Do assignment of module 3 in CD ROM

References
1) CD ROM C# Programming, Aptech Education
2) http://www.java2s.com/Tutorial/CSharp/CatalogCSharp.htm
3) MSDN Document

© 2009 FPT Aptech 11