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Experiment No 8

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32 views5 pages

Experiment No 8

Uploaded by

smshamima265
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment No: 08

Study of Load Flow Analysis by Gauss-Seidel Method using MATLAB.


Theory:
The n complex equation that describe the power injected to an n node power system are:
Si = Pi + jQi = ViIi*
n
= ∑ V i Y ik∗V k ∗¿ ¿ k=1,2,3,…………n
k =1
n

=V i Y ii∗V i*+∑ V i Y ik∗V k ∗¿ ¿


k =1
k ≠i
Rearranging the equations we get –
n
Si
Y ii∗V i∗¿ = -∑ V i Y ik∗V k ∗¿ ¿ i=1,2,3……….n
V i k =1
k ≠i
n
1
Therefore, V i = ¿ -∑ V i Y ik∗V k ∗¿ ¿]……………………. (1)
Y ii k =1
k ≠i

Problem: Single line diagram of a system is given below. Using Gauss-Seidel Method
determine the phasor values of the voltage at buses 2 and 3.

Here, y 12=0.05+0.25j; y 13=0.04+0.2j ; y 23=0.03+0.15j

Bus |v| Pg Qg Pl Ql angle

1 1.03 0 0 0 0 0
2 1.02 0.8 0 0.4 0.3 0
3 1 0 0 1 0.8 0

MATLAB CODE:
clc; % clear command window
clear all; % clear Workspace
cd('E:\semester\6 TH SEMESTER\main\fatin\Power System I');
% Change current directory

a=xlsread('EXPNO5_1.xlsx'); % Read data from MS Excel file


[r,c]=size(a); % Size of Matrix a
%-----------To know total bus number---------------
n=max(max(a(:,1)),max(a(:,2)));
Z=zeros(n); % Z has n-by-n matrices with Zero...
% ........values in all elements
q=1;
for p=1:r
Z(a(p,q),a(p,q+1))=a(p,q+2)+i*a(p,q+3); % Z receive the..
%...values from a
Z(a(p,q+1),a(p,q))=Z(a(p,q),a(p,q+1)); % For symmetry
end
for l=1:n
for k=1:n
if(Z(l,k)==0)
Z(l,k)=inf;
end
end
end
y=1./Z; % To get admittance from Impedance
Y=zeros(n); % Y has n-by-n matrices with ZERO...
% ........values in all elements
%--------For Y bus Matrices from y Matrices---------
for l=1:n
for k=1:n
if(l~=k)
Y(l,k)=-y(l,k);
else
for l1=1:n
Y(l,l)=Y(l,l)+y(l,l1);
end
end
end
end

disp(['This Problem is ',num2str(n),' Bus System']);


%For display
disp('The Admittance Matrix is:');
Y

%-------For Load Flow Study by Gauss-Seidel ------------


cd('E:\semester\6 TH SEMISTER\main\RAKIBUL HASAN\Power System
I');
ab=xlsread('EXPNO5_2.xlsx');
[rb,cb]=size(ab);
for lb=1:rb
v(1,ab(lb,1))=ab(lb,2); % Here, v(iteration ,Bus no.)
Pg(ab(lb,1),1)=ab(lb,3);
Qg(ab(lb,1),1)=ab(lb,4);
Pl(ab(lb,1),1)=ab(lb,5);
Ql(ab(lb,1),1)=ab(lb,6);
A(ab(lb,1),1)=ab(lb,7);
V(1,ab(lb,1))=v(1,ab(lb,1))*exp(i*deg2rad(A(ab(lb,1),1)));
end
tol=.000001; % error tolerance level
it=input('Iteration: ');
for d=2:it
I=zeros(1,n);
I1=zeros(1,n);
S=zeros(1,n);
V(d,1)=V(d-1,1); % Slack Bus Voltage 1=fixed
for k=2:n
if(Pg(k) ~=0)
% Generator BUS, So We need To know find I(i)
for k1=1:k-1
I(1,k)=I(1,k)+Y(k,k1)*V(d,k1);
% BUS(1 to k-1 ) has d iteration voltage,
% We use this updated (d) value
end
for k1=k:n
I(1,k)=I(1,k)+Y(k,k1)*V(d-1,k1);
% BUS(k to n ) has not d iteration voltage,
% We use the old(d-1) value
end
S(1,k)=(Pg(k,1)-Pl(k,1))+i*imag(V(d-
1,k)*conj(I(1,k)));
% Generator BUS S=P+jQ;P=Pg-Pl and Q=Im(S=V*conj(I))

elseif((Pg(k)==0) && (Qg(k)==0)) % Load BUS


S(1,k)=(Pg(k,1)-Pl(k,1))+i*(Qg(k,1)-Ql(k,1));
% Load BUS S=P+jQ;P=Pg-Pl and Q=Qg-Ql
end
%___________________________________________________
% We know Gauss-Seidel Voltage Equation
% V(i) = (Conjugate of (S(i)/V(i))-I1)/Y(ii)
% where, I1=SUM(k=1 to n but k is not i) Y(ik)V(k)

for k1=1:k-1
I1(1,k)=I1(1,k)+Y(k,k1)*V(d,k1);
% BUS(1 to k-1 ) has d iteration voltage,
% We use this updated (d) value
end
for k1=k+1:n
I1(1,k)=I1(1,k)+Y(k,k1)*V(d-1,k1);
% BUS(k+1 to n ) has not d iteration voltage,
% We use the old(d-1) value,here k1 is not k
end
V(d,k)=(conj(S(1,k)/V(d-1,k))-I1(1,k))/Y(k,k);
% Gauss-Seidel Iterative Voltage
if(Pg(k) ~=0)
V(d,k)=V(1,k)*exp(i*angle(V(d,k)));
% For Generator BUS, Magnitude of V is Fixed
% only angle is iterated
end
end
%_____________For Error Checking_______
noerror=1; % Let, initially no error
for k=2:n
if(Pg(k) ~=0)
% For gen, check (|angle difference|<tol)
noerror=noerror && ((abs(rad2deg(angle(V(d,k))-
angle(V(d-1,k)))))<tol);
elseif((Pg(k)==0) && (Qg(k)==0))
% For load, check (|magnitude difference|<tol)
% and (|angle difference|<tol)
noerror=noerror && ((abs(abs(V(d,k))-abs(V(d-
1,k))))<tol) && ((abs(rad2deg(angle(V(d,k))-angle(V(d-
1,k)))))<tol);
end
end
% Here, if all above difference < tol; noerror=1
% program enter into following if condition and
% iteration break. Otherwise iteration continues
if (noerror)
break;
end
end
%_____For Showing Output____
for k=1:n
disp(['Voltage of BUS ',num2str(k),': ',
num2str(abs(V(d,k))),' Angle= ',
num2str(rad2deg(angle(V(d,k))))]);
end

Excel File:
EXPNO5_1.xlsx
BUS 1 BUS 2 R X
1 2 0.05 0.25
1 3 0.04 0.2
2 3 0.03 0.15

EXPNO5_2.xlsx

BUS |V| Pg Qg Pl Ql Angle


1 1.03 0 0 0 0 0
2 1.02 0.8 0 0.4 0.3 0
3 1 0 0 1 0.8 0

OUTPUT:
This Problem is 3 Bus System
The Admittance Matrix is:

Y =

1.7308 - 8.6538i -0.7692 + 3.8462i -0.9615 + 4.8077i


-0.7692 + 3.8462i 2.0513 -10.2564i -1.2821 + 6.4103i
-0.9615 + 4.8077i -1.2821 + 6.4103i 2.2436 -11.2179i

Iteration: 500
Voltage of BUS 1: 1.03 Angle= 0
Voltage of BUS 2: 1.02 Angle= -1.4954
Voltage of BUS 3: 0.929 Angle= -5.1907
Conclusion:
We can analysis load flow study analysis by Gauss-Seidel using MATLAB very easily.

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