Scribd
Upload
15 views3 pages

Sample Format Project Report

Uploaded by

Anurag Aryan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views3 pages

Sample Format Project Report

Uploaded by

Anurag Aryan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Machine Learning for Sustainable Development Goal 6: Clean Water and

Sanitation

1. Introduction
Project Objective: To use machine learning to address challenges in clean water and
sanitation, aiming to support SDG 6 by predicting water quality, identifying contamination
sources, and forecasting water demand in under-resourced areas.

Motivation: Access to clean water is essential for health and well-being. By utilizing machine
learning, we aim to create predictive tools that can support resource allocation,
maintenance, and sanitation efforts.

2. Data Collection
Data Source: Kaggle Dataset (e.g., “Water Quality Dataset” or “Drinking Water Quality
Dataset”)

Dataset Description:
- Features: pH, hardness, solids, chloramines, sulfate, organic carbon, trihalomethanes,
turbidity, and water quality labels.
- Size: X rows by Y columns
- Target Variable: Water Quality (binary/multiclass)

3. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)


Summary Statistics: Mean, median, and distribution of each feature.
Visualizations:
- Correlation heatmap to understand relationships between variables.
- Boxplots for outlier detection.
- Histograms to assess the distribution of each variable.
Insights: Key trends or anomalies in pH levels, hardness, or contamination levels.

4. Data Preprocessing
Handling Missing Values: Used median imputation for features with missing values.
Encoding Categorical Variables: One-hot encoding for any categorical features.
Feature Scaling: Standardized features using `StandardScaler` for better performance in
machine learning models.

5. Machine Learning Model Selection


Model Choices:
- Logistic Regression (for binary classification).
- Random Forest Classifier (for handling non-linear relationships and feature importance).
- Support Vector Machine (SVM) for optimal margin separation.
Why Scikit-Learn: Easy implementation, variety of algorithms, and effective performance
metrics.
Evaluation Metric: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score due to the critical nature of
accurately identifying contamination.

6. Model Implementation
Data Splitting: Split dataset into 80% training and 20% testing sets using `train_test_split`
from Scikit-Learn.
Hyperparameter Tuning:
- Used GridSearchCV for Random Forest to identify optimal number of estimators and max
depth.
- Cross-validation with 5 folds to improve model generalization.

Code Example:

from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier


from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split, GridSearchCV
from sklearn.metrics import classification_report

# Splitting the data


X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42)

# Hyperparameter tuning for Random Forest


param_grid = {
'n_estimators': [50, 100, 200],
'max_depth': [10, 20, 30]
}
rf = RandomForestClassifier(random_state=42)
grid_search = GridSearchCV(estimator=rf, param_grid=param_grid, cv=5, scoring='f1')
grid_search.fit(X_train, y_train)

# Best model and evaluation


best_model = grid_search.best_estimator_
y_pred = best_model.predict(X_test)
print(classification_report(y_test, y_pred))

7. Results and Evaluation


Model Performance:
- Random Forest achieved an accuracy of X%, F1-score of Y%, and precision/recall values
indicating the model’s strength in predicting contamination risk.
Feature Importance:
- Insights into which features (e.g., pH, turbidity, chloramines) contribute most to water
quality predictions.
Confusion Matrix: Visualized true vs. predicted values to identify common
misclassifications.

8. Conclusion and Future Work


Key Takeaways: Machine learning models effectively predict water quality based on
chemical and physical properties. The project demonstrates potential for real-time
monitoring and resource allocation.
Future Improvements:
- Incorporating real-time data for continuous learning.
- Expanding to a broader dataset covering multiple regions.
- Implementing models on edge devices for on-site analysis in remote areas.

9. References
- Kaggle Dataset
- Scikit-Learn Documentation

You might also like