Section 1.

mp3

IELTS Listening version 54299. You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer
questions on what you hear. There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have
a chance to check your work. All the recordings will be played once only. The test is in four sections. Write all
your answers in the Listening question booklet. At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes to transfer
your answers to an answer sheet. Now turn to Section 1.

On page two of your question booklet, Section 1, you'll hear a telephone conversation between a man who is
looking for a summer job as a fruit picker and a woman who owns a farm. First, you have some time to look at
questions one to three. On page 2 you will see that there is an example that has been done for you. On this
occasion only the conversation relating to this will be played first. Manor Farm. Hello. Hi there. I'd like to
apply to do fruit picking this summer. Oh, hello, I'm Missus Chandler. My husband and I own Manor Farm. Let
me take some details. I'll just get a form to fill in. Hold on. Sure. Sorry. Right.

Your name is, it's Ben Miller. The man's name is Ben Miller. So Ben Miller has been written in the space.
Now we shall begin. You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a
second time. Listen carefully and answer questions. 1:00 to 3:00, Manor Farm. Hello. Hi there. I'd like to apply
to do fruit picking this summer. Oh, hello. I'm Missus Chandler. My husband and I own Manor Farm. Let me
take some details. I'll just get a form to fill in. Hold on. Sure. Sorry. Right. Your name is? It's Ben Miller. And
where are you from? I'm from the USA. Fine.

Can I ask your age? I'm 20. You only take people over the age of 16, don't you? Yes, that's right. Are you able
to work in the UK? Sorry. I mean, do you have a visa? Oh yeah, I have a thing called a Blue Card. It's valid until
November. That's fine. Then we'll need fruit pickers from the middle of June until the end of September. What's
your availability? When can I work? I'd like to do July, August, and September and could do October if there's
any work then. OK, Did you find out about us through our website? That's right. It's much easier than going
through an agency. Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 4 to
10 on Page 3.

Now listen and answer questions 4:00 to 10:00. I see you need most pickers in September for apples and
pears, but the whole picking season can last about 16 weeks. Well, yes, but it's a question of the weather that
determines how much fruit we grow. Of course, that's why I can't give you exact picking dates. Now I see. Oh
well, no problem.

Can you tell me what pickers earn? Well that depends on age. The rate is £4.50 an hour for the under eighteens,
but as you're over 18 it would rise to £5.60 an hour. Uh huh. Your website says that you don't provide
accommodation for pickers, so I guess I should arrange that in advance. Yes, there is no accommodation on the
farm, but there is a campsite about 15 minutes away. Is that walking distance? What do you think? No, maybe I
should bring my bike to get around. Yes, we always recommend that some pickers bring a car, but then find the
roads rather narrow and the buses very infrequent. Do you have any questions? I know that fruit picking is hard
work, but is there anything special I need to bring with me? Well, firstly, documentation is extremely important.
We will need proof of age, so we'll expect to see your passport. Pickers without 1 won't be allowed to work. Oh,
even if their age is written on their driving license. Sorry, a driving license isn't suitable. Fair enough. I guess
some lunch is provided for all the hungry fruit pickers. I'm afraid not. You'll need to bring your own food for
lunch and more importantly, enough water to last a full day. It can get very hot. So drinking is vital, right? Like
back home. OK, well, thanks for all the information. What happens now? Well, I'll post a contract to you.
That is the end of Section 1. You now have half a minute to check your answers.

Section 2.mp3
Section 2. You will hear the manager of a new Sports Center talking to potential customers about the facilities
there. First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 16 on page 4.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 16. Good evening and welcome to Carrara's brand new
Sports and Leisure Centre.

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First, I'll tell you about our facilities. Then feel free to wander around the centre. Now, as you can see from the
map I've given you, we're sitting in our Cafe, which we hope will be a favorite place to visit after exercising. To
one side of us and right in front of you as you enter the complex is the shop. Be sure to have a look in there
later, as we've got some great opening specials on footwear. On the other side of the cafe, and ideally situated
between the cafe and the childminding facilities, we have the playground. You can sit and relax there while your
kids have a great time on the equipment and our childcare facilities are available to anyone using the centre.
Let's talk a little bit about our heated swimming pool which is also near the entrance on the other side from the
cafe. It has A5 metre water slide which will be very popular with kids of all ages.

And in the corner nearest the changing rooms, we have a high tech hot spa. The water is heated to 38°C, which
is the ideal temperature to relax tired muscles after a workout. So where can you do these workouts? Well, we
have a large weights room located at the Cafe end of the administration block. In the weights room you'll find
all the latest equipment. We also have trainers there who can put a program together for you. Another place to
get a good workout is in the gym, which is shown on the map to the right of the changing rooms. There will be
all sorts of classes offered there. Our aim is to provide all your exercise and recovery needs. So as well as the
spa to help aching bodies, we also have a special area for massage. It's in the funny shaped room close to the
administration area.

It's distinctive shape has already led to the nickname of the bullet room. We'll be offering Swedish and Chinese
massage there and we'll offer physiotherapy in the future. Before you hear the rest of the talk you have some
time to look at questions 17 to 20 on page 5.

Now listen and answer questions 17 to 20. Now let me tell you something about our different memberships.
Firstly we offer different types of membership to cater for different needs.

If you are a fitness freak then choose our All in membership. This gives you access to everything in the centre,
all the classes and sports. It's usually our most expensive option, but for a short time we're offering 12 months
for the price of nine, which is a huge saving. If you prefer just the gym classes, you may want to consider the
Gym and Weights package. It works out at $10 a week, which is good value. If you just want to swim, then we
recommend getting a Swim Plus membership. With this you have unlimited use of the pool and spa. The other
package we've reduced for this month only is the off peak. This is aimed at people who are happy to come at
less busy times. And finally we have the family pack. We believe in keeping the whole family fit and healthy, so
this package works out cheaper than buying it separately.

Your flyer has details of all the prices, so anyone who signs up for a new membership tonight will receive 2
fantastic presents from us. We wanted to make these rewards something different from the norm. We could have
just chosen a towel for you to use in the gym or some clothing from the shop, but we wanted to show our
appreciation by giving you something special. So not only are we going to give you a voucher for a session in
our massage centre, a great way to unwind after your workout, but you'll also get this great device that measures
your heart rate. And finally, just for turning up tonight, we'd like to give everyone here a drink bottle to take
away with them. That's all I wanted to say. That is the end of Section 2. You now have half a minute to check
your answers.

Section 3.mp3
Part Three You will hear two students called Arya and John discussing the research on water hyacinths. First,
you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26. John, how is it going with your research on water
hyacinth? Well, I went on a field trip on my own and collected the primary data. After I came back, I also
referred to the published data. So what do you know about this plant? The water hyacinth grows in tropical
countries. It has beautiful purple blue flowers, but everybody hates it. Why is that? The water hyacinth, as the
world's worst invasive aquatic plant, has attracted significant attention. Millions of these plants grow in rivers
and lakes and have brought huge environmental and cultural problems to the local people. Farmers cannot travel
in boats on the water and thus cannot fish in it. In addition, heavy free floating mats of water hyacinth are
clogging the dam at the power station. In West Africa, turbines of the power station are often shut down because
of the intertwined leaves. Dams often cease to function as a result, severely restricting the electricity generation.
Dense mats of water hyacinth also shade the surface and prevent algae growth, thus limiting the production of
oxygen and threatening the survival of fish. So where did water hyacinth originate from? The water hyacinth is

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native to the Amazon basin in Latin America. It is spread mainly to the tropics and subtropics throughout much
of the world since the 1800s. Later, it was introduced into Europe and Africa as an ornamental garden pond
plant. Due to its beauty, flowers of this plant were being sold in local markets in African countries as a source of
income for women. Since the 1900s, this weed has infested lakes, rivers and creeks of the delta areas in West
Africa. I guess whoever introduced this plant had never expected the disastrous impact it would have on the
local ecological environment. What kind of habitat does water hyacinth thrive most in?

Well, it has been discovered that the nutrient rich environment contributes significantly to the rapid proliferation
of this weed, which obtains its nutrients directly from the water. This is normally compounded with a decrease
of nutrients along the riverbanks. Why is that? The main reason for soil nutrient loss is that local residents cut
down trees. Excessive deforestation accelerates soil erosion, which indirectly compound this issue. Without
enough trees to retain nutrients in the soil, frequent rain might partly aggravate this by carrying some of the
nutrients into the waterways. Are there any effective measures to control or even eradicate this weed? Yes, a
number of approaches have been widely applied throughout the world. Among them, biological control is the
most widely favored long term control method by introducing a type of insect that feeds on the water hyacinth.
So far, Nigeria has used this method for six months. However, water hyacinth won't be removed immediately.

The side effects of this method on local ecology will remain unforeseen for years because it takes time for this
external insect species to reach a density sufficient enough to affect ecological development. Then what about
other approaches? Is there a quicker way to control it? Well, the mechanical removal of water hyacinth is seen
as the best short term solution. This option includes harvesting plants and insight cutting. This method can
immediately open physical space for fish and boat traffic. It is, however, inefficient for workers to process
extensive areas and costly to use large cutting and dredging equipment. Ironically, it costs even more to dispose
of this plant than to remove it. Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at
questions 27 to 30.

Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30. Can we make use of this weed and turn it into something good?
Now scientists think that water hyacinth can be useful. The plan itself, although more than 95% water, has a
fibrous tissue and a high energy and protein content and can be used for a variety of useful applications. So what
do people do with water hyacinth that is initially removed? First, the cut down water hyacinth is left to dry under
the sun for a few days before being mixed with ash and animal manure. The mixture can be used as alternative
soil rather than fertilizer. It can grow crops with increased yield. That sounds interesting. Mushroom farmers can
benefit from water hyacinth as well. Using the mixture mentioned earlier.

Mushrooms generally grow much faster so that farmers can harvest mushrooms sooner, which enables them to
make money faster. I see it can be used to grow oyster and straw mushrooms, right? Yes. In India, attempts have
been made to grow these types of edible mushrooms organically utilizing water hyacinth. These mushrooms
provide sufficient nutritional values, including minerals and high quality protein, which are essential to people's
level of fitness. Right. Are there any other measures taken to utilize water hyacinth? In Southeast Asia, people
feed cows using chopped water hyacinth mixed with other vegetables. Then the waste from the cows is treated
to produce methane gas, which can be used as fuel for cooking, lighting, or powering an engine. And with
global warming getting worse, developing alternative sources of energy will be more urgent than ever. Maybe in
the future people will love water hyacinth instead of hating it. Yes, that's very likely if we can make full use of
this weed. That is the end of part three.

Section 4.mp3
Section 4 You will hear part of a linguistics lecture about a language called Bish Lama that is spoken in the
Pacific Islands. First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40 on page 7.

Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40. Good morning and welcome back to the series of
linguistics lectures. Today I will be talking about the language Bish Lama, which is a form of pigeon. English
linguists use the term pigeon to describe new languages that are created by combining 2 or more existing
languages, often in a simplified form. The study of pigeon languages is important because it provides us with
information about language change and modification. The pigeon English, known as Bishlama, is used in the
South Pacific nation of Vanuatu, a group of islands where 81 first languages are still regularly used by the local
people.

There are further 17 local languages that are in danger of dying out and eight that have been identified as
extinct. This gives a total of 106 first languages in all, a very high number for a small country with a population

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of just 200,000 people. Then, thinking about foreign languages, English is the most important and has official
status, largely because it is the medium for all education purposes. However, it is Bish Lama that is the most
widely spoken language in the country, used regularly by more than 90% of the population. We should note
here that in earlier times, some people had negative feelings towards the language. In fact, for many years it was
commonly referred to as a broken language and it's use was discouraged. But attitudes have changed
dramatically and today the people of Vanuatu are very proud of this unique language. It is only when we
understand the historical context that we can comprehend just why Bish Lama developed in Vanuatu.

The first form of Pigeon English in this region can be traced to around 1800, when foreign traders arrived and
local people were recruited to work as sailors on board multilingual ships. There was an obvious need for a
common tongue and Pigeon English was born. This early form of Bish Lama continued to spread as trade in the
Pacific developed in sandalwood and other local commodities. Then from about 1860, a lot of people from
Vanuatu travelled to Australia to work on the new plantations as labourers. Again, because of the multilingual
nature of these workplaces, it was very important to have a common language. Finally, in modern times there
have been other pressures that have maintained the need for a common language like many other parts of the
world. From about the 1950s, Vanuatu experienced a significant migration of its people from small villages into
the city, and it has been here that Bish Lama has really established itself as the country's first language.
So then, how can we describe the language itself in general terms? Pigeon languages can be defined as
extremely simple versions of the original language. However, this is not a satisfactory definition in this case,
and linguists prefer to describe Bishlama as a developed pigeon because it has more rules and ideas than most
simple pigeon languages found in other parts of the world. Let's think 1st about the vocabulary. Because
Britain was the colonial power, the majority of Bishlama's vocabulary is derived from English. However, some
care needs to be taken here. For example, the word from in Bish Lama can also mean because of. So we need to
be aware that words can have a wider range of meanings in Bish Lama. Indeed, there are numerous other
potentially misleading terms. And English is not the only contributor to the vocabulary.

Again, because of the region's history, there are some words, around 5 to 10%, that are derived from French.
Then a relatively small number of words have been taken from local Pacific languages. Usually this is the case
where there is no English equivalent for naturally occurring phenomena or to describe some aspect of the culture
that is unique to the country. Finally, a word about grammar. Although the vocabulary is based largely on
English, it's important to note that the grammatical structure of Bishlama is derived from patterns common in
the local languages of Vanuatu. So, for example, there are two distinct pronouns meaning we. One means I and
you, and another means I and some others but not you. Sounds confusing in English, but in the local languages
such distinctions are common. A different example concerns the word long.

It is almost the only preposition in Bish Lama and may be used in place of a whole range of English words such
as at, to, with, on, in, and so on. Well, that is the end of the formal part of the lecture. If you have any questions
now, I'll be most happy to ask. That is the end of Section 4. You now have half a minute to check your answers.

That is the end of the listening test.

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