Name __________________________ College Algebra (MATH 1314)

Assignment 3.5 Key: Properties of Logarithms & Logarithmic Equations

1. Fill in the table below and graph the function End Behavior Degree: 3 LC: 1
f ( x ) =x3 + 8 x 2 + 11x − 20 . Right Up,
Left Down
End Behavior
x → ∞, f ( x ) → ∞
Zeros/Multiplicity/
What the Graph Does x → −∞, f ( x) → −∞
Y-Intercept(s) Zeros/Multiplicity/ Zero Mult ?
Domain What the Graph -5 1 cross
Turning Points Does -4 1 cross
1 1 cross
Y-Intercept(s) ( 0, −20 )
Domain ( −∞, ∞ )
Turning Points 2
9 y
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 x

−18−17−16−15−14−13−12−11−10−9 −8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1
−1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
−2
−3
−4
−5
−6
−7
−8
−9
−10
−11
−12
−13
−14
−15
−16
−17
−18
−19
−20
−21
−22
−23
−24
−25

Evaluate the following without a calculator.

4. ln e7 x 7x
5. ln1 0
1 −3
6. log 3
27
1 1
7. log 9 3 −
9 3
8. log1 0
9. log 0.01 −2
10. log 0 DNE
11. log 64 8 1
2
12. 10log 21 21
13. eln 31 31

1
 College Algebra (MATH 1314)
Assignment 3.5 Key: Properties of Logarithms & Logarithmic Equations

14. ln e10 y 10 y
15. log 5 54 4
Use properties of logarithms to condense each
logarithmic expression. Write the expression as a
single logarithm whose coefficient is 1. Where
possible, evaluate logarithmic expressions without
using a calculator.
16. ln x + ln y − ln z  xy 
ln  
 z 
1  y 3 2x +1 
17. ln ( 2 x + 1) − ln 3 + ln y − ln ( z + 2 ) − ln 5 ln  
3
 15 ( z + 2 ) 
1 x xyz
18. ( ln x − ln y − ln z ) log or log
2 yz yz
(
19. log 7 ( 2 x − 3) − log 7 12 x 2 − 8 x − 15 )  1 
log 7  
 6x + 5 
Use logarithmic properties to expand each
expression as much as possible. Where possible,
evaluate logarithmic expressions without using a
calculator.
 − 
1 1
20. log 3 9 ( x 2 + 1) 2  2 − log 3 ( x 2 + 1)
2
 
 10 y 3  1 + 3log y − 9 log z
21. log  9 
 z 
22. ln ( x3 y −4 ) 3
2
ln x − 2ln y

 5 x 2 3x + 1  1
23. ln   ln 5 + 2ln x + ln ( 3 x + 1) − ln 2 − 3
 2e3 
2
Solve the following equations and give the exact
answer
24. log 2 ( 3 x + 1) =−3 7
x= −
24
25. log ( 5 x +=
1) log ( 2 x + 3) 2
x=
3
26. log 6 ( x + 3) + log 6 ( x + 4 ) =
1 x = −1
27. ln ( 5 x + =
1) ln ( 2 x + 3) + ln 2 x=5
28. log 2 ( x − 1) + log 2 ( x + 1) =
3 x=3
29. log 4 ( x + 2) − log 4 ( x − 1) =
1 x=2
1 x=3
30. log 2 ( x − 1) − log 2 ( x + 3) =
log 2  
 x

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 College Algebra (MATH 1314)
Assignment 3.5 Key: Properties of Logarithms & Logarithmic Equations

3 x = 54
log11 x
31. = log11 9 + log11 2
2
Solve the following equations. Give both the exact
answer and the decimal approximation rounded to
the nearest hundredth.
32. ln x = 7 x e7 ≈ 1,096.63
=
33. log 2 ( x + 1) =3 + log 2 ( x − 4 ) 33
x
= ≈ 4.71
7
34. 5ln ( 3 x ) = 70 e14
x
= ≈ 400,868.09
3
35. ln ( 4 x + 1=
) ln ( 3) − 5 3e5 − 1
=x ≈ 111.06
4