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Assignment 1

Uploaded by

Zainab Saifi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROFESSIONAL&BUSINESS

COMMUNICATION

ASSIGNMENT-1
Muskan saifi
A1516623027
M.A(Applied Psychology)

Q1. What are the five stages of communication? Explain each.


Ans. The word ‘communication’ is derived from the Latin 'communis', which means
common sense. The word communication means sharing the same ideas. In other
words, the transmission and interaction of facts, ideas, opinions, feelings or attitudes.
Communication is a two-way process which involves transferring of information or
messages from one person or group to another.
There are five stages of communication :-
1. Ideation:- The communication process begins when the sender has an idea to be
communicated. The idea will be influenced by complex factors surrounding the sender.
The sender must begin by clarifying the idea and purpose. For instance what exactly
does the sender want to achieve? How is the message likely to be perceived? Knowing
this information in beforehand provides a higher chance of successful communication.
2. Message Encoding:-when sender gets the idea it must be encoded into words,
symbols, and gestures that will convey meaning. Because no two people interpret
information in the exact same way, the sender must be careful to choose words,
symbols and gestures that are commonly understood to reduce the chances of
misunderstanding. Therefore, a sender must be aware about the receiver’s
communication skills, attitudes,experiences, and culture to make communication clear.
3.Transmission:- We need to Choose the medium to transmit the message. Messages
can be transmitted in a verbal, written, or visual manner. For clear communication to
occur, the medium and message must match the comfortability of receiver.
4.Decoding:- When the message reaches the receiver, It must be decoded into its
intended meaning. Therefore, the receiver must translate the words, symbols, and
gestures as the sender intended. Because no two people interpret information in the
exact same way, incorrectly decoding a message can lead to misunderstanding.
Successful decoding is more likely when the receiver creates a receptive environment
and ignores distractions.
5.Feedback:- Feedback is the vital part of the communication process. Feedback occurs
the sender and receiver check to ensure the message was understood as intended.
Feedback is a shared responsibility between the sender and the receiver and can be
verbal or non-verbal. For example, the sender can elicit feedback by asking, “Do you
have any questions?.

Q2. What are the five barriers of communication?Explain each.


Ans. 1. PHYSICAL BARRIERS
They are the most obvious barriers to effective communication. These barriers are easily
removable in principle at least. They include barriers like noise, closed doors, faulty
equipment used for communication, closed cabins etc. Sometimes, in a large office, the
physical separation between various employees combined with faulty equipment may
result in severe barriers to effective communication.
2. SOCIO- PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS
This type of barriers that employees in an organisation face while communicating with
one another because of difference in social or psychological factors. socio psychological
barriers to communication include :
Background, upbringing, professional status, language, ethnicity, and religion
Emotion
Opinions and attribute
Difference in status
Distract and premature Evaluation
3. CULTURAL BARRIERS
As the world is getting more and more globalized, any large office may have people
from several parts of the world. Different cultures have a different meaning for several
basic values of society like:-
Dressing
Religions
Food
Drinks
Pets
Hence, it is a must that we must take these different cultures into account while
communication. This is what we call being culturally appropriate. In many multinational
companies, special courses are offered at the orientation stages that let people know
about other cultures and how to be courteous and tolerant of others.
4. ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIER
As we saw there are many methods of communication at an organizational level. Each of
these methods has its own problems and constraints that may become barriers to
effective communication. Most of these barriers arise because of misinformation or lack
of appropriate transparency available to the employees.
5.SEMANTIC AND LANGUAGE BARRIERS
Language differences between the speaker and the listeners.
Difficulties in understanding unfamiliar accent.
Uses of jargon, unfamiliar regional expressions, specialist abbreviation, slang,
technical terminology.

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