What is smart energy conversation?

Explain M2M communication? Write suitable examples.

Demonstrate the industrial applications of IoT?
Identify the industrial usage of microcontroller?
Identify some applications of NFC.
Explain EPA model of communication
Explain OSI model of communication
Explain the chellanges of loT? Why IoT is important?
What is the differece between M2M and IoT.
Explain about Actuators with suitable examples.
Illustrate RFID technology?
Identify different types of actuators?
Utilize Energy Conservation application using IoT.
Exmine "make things sell things" with Application
Analyse an algorithm using arduino to get 'ON/OFF' for connected
motor also dra
Illustrate bluetooth technology?
explain application of lot for elderly care
Analyse the significance of data transfer model in Zigbee.
Contrast some examples of existing RFID devices.
explain application of lot for monitoring jungle fire
Explain OGC functional architecture and interactions with a neat
diagram.
Classify the different IoT networks?
Identify the significance of SoC's?
Analyse the steps to scaling up the electronics in IoT?
explain application of lot for water saving
Describe the function of each elements of Embedded system.
explain application of lot for energquestion bank
Explain any one application of lof using Rasberrypi. Explain
physical design.logical design and Design rules
Explain features of any commercialised lot product
38°C

Q explain application of lot for monitoring jungle fire

WHAT IS FOREST FIRE OR WILDFIRE?

Forest Fires take place away from urban centres but affect the
environment greatly. It is a global risk that affects wildlife,
humans, and climate adversely. Forests are the lungs of mother
earth and support a wide variety of Flora and Fauna.

MPORTANCE OF EARLY DETECTION OF FOREST FIRE?

Forest fires can move as fast as 10.8 KMPH (Kilometre per hour)
in forest areas and 22 KMPH in grassland.
Forest Fires depend on weather and topography. Weather
conditions like Temperature, Wind, and Moisture can greatly
increase the spread of forest fire. Forest Fire spreading speed
increases exponentially with time. So much so that within 24
hours it can spread up to more than 3,000 acres and with each
day its spreading speed increases manifold.

HUMAN OBSERVATION AND PATROLLING

Forest areas are spread over hundreds of acres of land which is
difficult for humans to access and patrol. And forest fires are
highly unpredictable which can’t be monitored by physical
human and forest guards patrolling.

USING CAMERA WITH VISUAL AND INFRARED SENSORS

Optical cameras by sensing colours can detect Forest Fire. But
it can’t detect fire during night. So, Thermal and / or infrared
sensors are used. Sensor based cameras detect forest fires up
to 15 km of range.

UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES (UAV)

UAV is a small sized aircraft that can navigate without a human
pilot. They are commonly known as drones. UAVs integrated
with computer vision technology can effectively read images.

SATELLITES

Generally there are two types of satellite used for fire

detection. Firstly, Geo-stationary satellites stand above the
equator and have the same speed as of earth. So it remains
fixed at a single location. It can detect and send images of
smoke, fire and clouds every 15 minutes
Q Exmine "make things sell things" with Application
Creation of Products/Services: The "make things" part refers to the creation or
development of products or services. This could involve manufacturing physical
goods, developing software, providing services, or creating content.
Marketing Strategies: The "sell things" part refers to the process of marketing
these products or services to potential customers. This includes understanding
customer needs, creating compelling messaging, designing effective advertising
campaigns, and utilizing various marketing channels such as social media, email
marketing, content marketing, etc.
Sales Tactics: Selling things involves employing sales tactics to convert
potential customers into actual buyers. This includes techniques like direct
selling, relationship building, offering discounts or promotions,
Brand Building: Both making things and selling things contribute to brand
building. The quality of the products/services and the effectiveness of the
marketing efforts shape how customers perceive the brand.
Customer Experience: Successful businesses focus on not just making a sale
but also on delivering a positive customer experience. This involves aspects
such as easy per chasing processes, timely delivery, responsive customer
support, and post-sales services.
Feedback Loop: The process of making things and selling them should be
iterative and responsive to customer feedback. This means gathering insights
from customers' experiences, reviews,
Q Identify some applications of NFC

 Ticketing in the local public transport systems.

 Watchman and security services.
 Care services.
 Intelligent print products.
 Smart-home-apps.
 Mobile payment systems.
 Loyalty-programs and coupon systems.
 Streaming or downloading media.
QExplain any one application of lof using Rasberrypi. Explain
physica.
Application: Greenhouse Environmental Monitoring

Overview: In this application, we'll use a Raspberry Pi equipped with sensors to

monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light
intensity, and soil moisture in a greenhouse. The LOF algorithm will be used to
detect outliers or anomalies in the sensor data, helping to identify abnormal
conditions that may indicate potential problems such as equipment
malfunction, pest infestation, or environmental stress.
Components:
Raspberry Pi: Acts as the central processing unit and data collection hub.
Sensors: Various sensors are connected to the Raspberry Pi to measure
environmental parameters, including:
Temperature and humidity sensor (e.g., DHT11 or DHT22)
Light intensity sensor (e.g., LDR or photoresistor)
Soil moisture sensor
Internet Connectivity: The Raspberry Pi is connected to the internet via Wi-Fi
or Ethernet for data transmission and remote monito
Physical Setup:
Raspberry Pi Configuration:
Set up the Raspberry Pi with the required software (e.g., Raspbian OS) and
libraries (e.g., Python libraries for sensor interfacing and data analysis).
Connect the Raspberry Pi to the internet using Wi-Fi or Ethernet.
Sensor Connections:
Connect the temperature and humidity sensor, light intensity sensor, and soil
moisture sensor to the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi.
Ensure proper wiring and connections according to the sensor specifications
and Raspberry Pi pinout diagram.
Power Supply:
Power the Raspberry Pi using a suitable power supply (e.g., USB power adapter
or battery pack).
Install the sensors at appropriate locations within the greenhouse to capture
representative environmental conditions (e.g., near plants, at different
heights).

Operation:
Data Collection:
The Raspberry Pi continuously collects sensor data at regular intervals (e.g.,
every few minutes) using the connected sensors.
Sensor readings are stored locally on the Raspberry Pi and may also be
transmitted to a remote server or cloud platform for storage and analysis.
LOF Analysis:
The collected sensor data is processed using the LOF algorithm to identify
outliers or anomalies.
LOF computes a score for each data point based on its deviation from the
surrounding data points, indicating the degree of abnormality.
Data points with high LOF scores are flagged as outliers, suggesting unusual
environmental conditions that may require attention.
Alerting and Monitoring:
When outliers are detected, the system can generate alerts or notifications to
notify greenhouse managers or operators.
Alerts may be sent via email, SMS, or push notifications to mobile devices,
enabling timely intervention and corrective actions.