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Grammar S3

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Marwane Berkachia
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169 views3 pages

Grammar S3

Uploaded by

Marwane Berkachia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Grammar S3

 Clause

It refers to a group of words containing a subject and

predicate and functioning as a member of a complex or

compound sentence.

 Phrase

It is a group of two or more grammatically related words

that form a sense unit expressing a thought. The phrase

has the force of a single part of speech, such as a noun or

adverb. For example, "two or more grammatically related

words" is a phrase representing a noun phrase.

 Independent Clause

 An independent clause is a clause that can stand on its own. It does not

need to be joined to any other clauses because it contains all the

information necessary to be complete sentences.

 (Ahmed revises his lessons).

 Independent clause can also be joined to other independent clause if the

independent clause is related. However, they must be joined using the

proper punctuation. (Jim read a book; he really enjoyed the book).

 Dependent Clause

 A dependent Clause is a clause that does not express a complete thought.


 It is dependent because of the presence of marker words (before/

after/because….)

 It must be joined to another clause in order to avoid creating a sentence

fragment.

 ( Because I was ill)

 (Because I was ill, I didn’t go to school). Here we join dependent clause

with independent to avoid ambiguity.

 Fanboys (for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so).

Types of Sentences

Simple sentences

• Consist of a subject and a verb.

• Express a complete thought.

• Sometimes referred to as an independent clause

e.g.

My dog loves to play fetch.

Compound sentences

Consist of two independent clauses joined

which is typically preceded by a comma.

e.g.

My dog likes to play fetch, so I often play fetch with him.
My dog likes to play fetch, and he often plays fetch outside.

My dog likes to play fetch, yet he never brings the ball back to me.

Complex sentences

• Consist of an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses.

 Always have a relative pronoun or a subordinating conjunction

(although, because, since, so that, while …etc).

 Although he rarely brings the ball back, my dog loves to play fetch.

• However, if the independent clause comes first no comma is necessary.

Complex Compound sentences

 A complex compound sentence consists of two or more main clauses

and one or more subordinate clauses.

 (Although he speaks English, he doesn’t write it, and he doesn’t practice

it).

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