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Computer 1

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6 views

Computer 1

Uploaded by

Jesan tonik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer-1

1. Which technology is used in optical disks? ------ Laser technology


The optical disc makes use of laser technology: digital data are recorded by burning a series of
microscopic holes, or pits, with a laser beam into thin metallic film on the surface. Laser stands for
"Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation." In the context of optical disks, a laser
is used to read and write data.
2. Which of the following storage devices can store maximum amount of data? ----- Hard Disk
Floppy Disk Maximum capacity of Storage Data is : 2.8 MB (i.e. in MB) Compact Disk Maximum
capacity of Storage Data is : CD-700MB DVD - 4GB to 16GB (i.e. in GB) Pend Drive Storage Capacity
is : 1GB to 28,64 GB but Hard Disk can Store data in Terabyte (TB) like 1 TB and so on so the Hard Disk
has the height Capacity to Store Data.
3. EPROM can be used for ------ Erasing and reconstructing the contents of ROM
EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory. It is a programmable read-only
memory that can be used for erased and re-used.
4. Memory unit is part of ------ Central Processing Unit
Memory unit is one part of central processing unit. there are two types of memory in a computer
unit which is primary memory and secondary memory. ALU, CU and Memory Unit is a Part of CPU
5. Which unit controls the flow and manipulation of data and information ----- Arithmetic logic Unit
The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs the
operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic and logic unit and input and output
devices how to respond to the instructions that have been sent to the processor.
6. The performance of cache memory is frequently measured in terms of a quantity called ------ Hit ratio
The performance of cache memory is frequently measured in terms of a quantity called Hit ratio.
Hit ratio = hit / (hit + miss) = no. of hits/total accesses. The performance of cache memory is often
measured in terms of a quantity called "hit ratio" or "hit rate." The hit ratio represents the percentage of
memory accesses that result in a cache hit, where the required data is found in the cache. The complement
of the hit ratio, known as the "miss ratio" or "miss rate," represents the percentage of memory accesses
that result in a cache miss, where the required data is not found in the cache and must be fetched from a
slower main memory.
7. The process of production of customer list in alphabetical order falls under the category of ------
Sorting
8. A Compiler is :------ a program which translates from one high-level to a machine level
9. The programs which are permanently stored in ROM is known as ------ Firmware
The programs that are permanently stored in ROM (Read-Only Memory) are often referred to as
firmware. Firmware is a type of software that is embedded in hardware devices during manufacturing and
is intended to remain unchanged throughout the life of the device. Unlike RAM (Random Access
Memory), which loses its data when power is turned off, ROM retains its contents even when the power is
off, making it suitable for storing essential software or firmware that is needed for the basic operation of a
device.
12. Memory is made up of ------ Large number of cells
13. Machine language is a language ------ Which directly understood by a computer
A code which is understandable by the machine i.e. Binary code(101010) known as Machine Code
or Low-Level Code.
14. The language that the computer can understand and execute is called ------ Machine Language.
The language that a computer can understand and execute is called a "machine language" or
"machine code." Machine language is a low-level programming language consisting of binary code (0s
and 1s) that corresponds directly to the instructions executed by a computer's central processing unit
(CPU).
15. The three sequential function of CPU operations are ------ Fetch, decode, execute.
The three sequential functions of CPU (Central Processing Unit) operations are typically referred to
as the fetch-decode-execute cycle: Fetch: The CPU retrieves instructions from memory, typically from
RAM (Random Access Memory). The instruction to be executed is fetched from the memory location
specified by the program counter (PC), which keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be
executed. Decode: The fetched instruction is decoded to determine what operation needs to be performed
and what data it needs. Execute: The CPU carries out the operation specified by the decoded instruction.
17. Moving process from a main memory to a disk is called ------ Swapping
The process of moving data from main memory (RAM - Random Access Memory) to a disk is
called "paging out" or "swapping out." This activity is part of a computer's virtual memory management
system.
18. If data is processed as it arrives, this type of data processing is called ------ Real time processing
Real-time Processing: Immediate processing of data as it is generated or received, requiring low
latency and quick response times, used in applications like monitoring systems and financial trading.

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