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Name: __________________________________

TOPIC TEST

Exponential and logarithmic

functions (EXT1)
• Time allowed: 45 minutes
• Part A: 10 multiple-choice questions (10 marks)
• Part B: 10 free-response questions (40 marks)
• Total: 50 marks

Part A
10 multiple-choice questions
1 mark each: 10 marks
Circle the correct answer.
1 Given f (x) = ex and g(x) = x + 5, find f (g(x)). 5 Solve the equation 3 ln 2 + ln 5 – ln 10 = ln x.
A ex(x + 5) B ex + 5 A x= 2 B x=4
C e x+5
D xe + 5
x
C x = –3 D x=1

2 Differentiate y = (ex + 7x)3. 6 Which of the functions below has this graph?
A 3(ex + 7x)2 (ex + 7) B 3ex (ex + 7x)2
C 3(ex + 7)2 D (ex + 7x)2 (ex + 7)

3 Find the gradient of the tangent to the graph

of y = ex + 2 at x = –1.
A m = –e + 2 B m = e–1 + 2
C m = –e D m = e–1 A y = log x B y = ex
C y = bax D y = log |x + 1|

4 Evaluate 7 log3 9.
A 49 B 0.87
C 343 D 81

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7 Which statement is true if 5x = 35? 9 If loge 5 = 1.6 and loge 9 = 2.2, which is the correct
expression for loge 45?
log10 35
A x = log10 35 B x =
log10 5 A 1.6 × 2.2 B 1.6 ÷ 2.2

log10 5 log10 35 C 1.6 – 2.2 D 1.6 + 2.2

C x = D x =
log10 35 5

10 Solve the equation 21 = 8e0.024t.

8 Evaluate log7 37. A t = 40.21 B t = 0.97
A 5.286 B 0.446 C t = 0.023 D t = –40.21
C 1.856 D 0.869

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Part B
10 free-response questions
40 marks
Show your working where appropriate.

11 Graph each function.

a y = 3x + 2 b y = 3x – 1

c y = log (x + 1) d y = log x – 2

[4 marks]
12 a Find the exact value of the gradient of the normal to the graph of y = ex + 5x2 at x = 1.
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b Hence find the equation of the normal to the graph at x = 1.

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[4 marks]

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13 Simplify each expression.

a 2 log10 5 + log10 4 – log10 2
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 ex x2 
 + ln e y
x
b ln 
 y 
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[4 marks]
14 Solve each equation.
a e2x = 6.27
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b log5 x = 3
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c 115x – 2 = 5
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1
d log x 5 =
5
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[4 marks]

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15 The number of bacteria in a sample of water from an infested lake is increasing by 5% per hour. Initially, there
were 1500 bacteria when testing started.
a Write an equation that represents the number of bacteria after t hours.
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b How many bacteria are present after 2 days?
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c A pesticide was introduced 10 hours after the initial count. The pesticide had a positive result in controlling
the growth of bacteria, and reduced it by 7% per hour. After how many hours will the number of bacteria be
reduced to 500?
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[5 marks]
16 Evaluate each expression correct to 3 significant figures, where possible.
a eln 5 ÷ eln 6
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b e2 + e–3
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2e 3
c
log10 4
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[3 marks]
17 The displacement of an object is given by x = 2e 0.2t
– 4, where x is in cm and t is in seconds.
a Find the initial displacement.
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b Find the initial velocity.
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c Find the acceleration after 5 seconds.
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[4 marks]

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18 The population of a Pacific island is given by P = P0ekt, where P0 is the initial population, t is the time in years
after the year 2004 and k is a constant. In 2004, the population was 10 200. In 2009 (5 years later), the
population increased to 17 250.
a What is the value of P0?
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b What is the value of k?
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c What will be the population in 2020?
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d How many years will it take for the population to reach 100 000?
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e If the area of the island is 1525 km2, how many years will it take for the island to be overpopulated at a
population density of 100 persons per 1000 m2.
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[5 marks]

19 After interventions to rescue a certain rare species of fish, the rate of increase of the population P(t) of this fish
is given by:
dP
= kP , where t is the time in years.
dt
a The population of the fish is growing well in the region, to the extent that it is doubling every 2 years.
Write P(t) in terms of the initial population P0 and time t.
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b The initial population of fish was 150. What is the population after 7 years?
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[3 marks]

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20 The rate which a heated body cools in a room is proportional to the difference between the temperature, T, and
the constant temperature, Z, of the room:
dT
= k(T − Z ), where t is the time in hours and k is the constant.
dt
dT
a Show that T = Z + Yekt, where Y is a constant, is a solution to = k(T − Z ).
dt
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b A heated body cools down from 110° to 75° in 2 hours. The room temperature is 25°. Find the temperature
of the body 3 hours after it started cooling.
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c What is the temperature of the object after 20 hours? What do you realise?
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[4 marks]
This is the end of the test.
Use the back of this page for extra working space.

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Answers
1 C 2 A 3 D 4 A 5 B
6 A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 A

11 a y = 3x + 2 b y = 3x – 1

c y = log(x + 1) d y = log x – 2

−1 2
12 a m = b x + (e + 10)y – e – 15e – 51 = 0
e + 10
13 a log 50 b 2 ln x + 2x
14 a 0.92 b 125 c 0.53 d 0.3125
15 a N = 1500 × 1.05t b N = 15 602 c 22 h
16 a 0.833 b 7.44 c 66.7
17 a x = –2 b 0.4 cm/s c 0.22 cm/s/s
18 a 10 200 b 0.105 c 54 729 d 21.7 or 22 years
e 25.8 or 26 years
ln 2
19 a=
P (t ) P= kt
0e , k b 1697 fish.
2
20 a Teacher to check. b k = –0.265, Y = 85, T = 63° at t = 3
c 25.42, almost room temperature

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