UNIT € (ete ween g Syllabue ‘i ¥ clacettal and computer ee # Viewing with & computer, # pectin gy the Camera y Simple projectrons Y projections in Opengr + Heddon surtace Removal ¥ tnteracttre mech displays + paraltes neta matrices. ¥ perspective Prajectien matelces ¥ projections and Shadows , ~ TF ctours[CLascicae And Compurer VIEWING | (Ef (purer fecte + More are pour types of elastica) views ( prefectronc J ‘A atthe graphic Prejectrons A: Axwnomertric profethony 2 oblique Prfechons 4° perepective PY ections | AEthopvaphie. profectian VIn all obthegraphic vaws, the Papectoxe are Pempendieuilar 10 the Prypectron lane. * Fig shows orthographre prefection . 4 Ucecalty three Views are used tn AN Ortho raphe Prejecton to deplay the ob] ects TON# Views ~ Top wew Side view ode view F Ady sp preserves both ictancet and an feo, Since tpeve i no Atehortion » OL We SUtbed jor eel drawings Axonemesnie_projechone : Y bs fuch a eaten In Whith the Projector 10 try OT thogonal to the Pryechin plane | bur the PP e)ectry plore can have an orlenkation Wr the object. Meng Tht veew, more than one Principle free 4 the Obl eck would bo verble ,Pe nett the prajectton plane is placed syrometr cally wr fF the three principal faces that meer at a corner y our rechangular objeck, Phen We haye an war wwameteie rien ¥ Yo the projection plane ts placed symmetricatyy wrt two _ the principal ieee then the View iC de a the fegeee cate fe a trlemé Ze \ pa Dimetric ae” 7 1 Pxonume}ree J Projection. HKomeperc , Bbligue_profectte tf i one of the Mast general pare lite) Profectione , ¥ this rejection obtained by allowing the Prfectore to make an arbitrary angle with Ine prejectin plane | ¥ Angles of the objects face that are parallel to phe projection plane ove preserred + oneque vews (profecton) 27e enor alg freuth to Construcs bq hand. they are somewhat unnatural. / a Aa oblique yew + ; obepecnye viewing , Pit is such & projectin IN Which the viewer ie loca keg Sqmmebriontis wrk the projection plane « pu perspective Projectors are characterized by diminution. of $12e # when Objeck are moved farther thelr images become Maller, fit, Lize change gives perepectrye projection its natural appearanee. Hence if ik rordely uted in architecture and animation om the Vitwer, ¢ Figure Shows eropectine projections, ¥ there ave three types of per spective Views = one point perspective ~ two point Perspective ~ three pout perspective . based on how many me. *s the theee prinerpal dtrectun’ in the object Are parallel to ‘the Prejechon plone | in most general Case , Sapoint perspective, the Paralie| Unel mn 2ath o the three prineipat Atbections converge at one point calted ~ vanishing PrP ty (@)> etn ee pelnk perspective linee monty two gy the printipal dt rection, converge at Vanishing potnds . < figtes> Fin Lpuink perspective , two J the Princ pal directing converge at a eingle vantenng port3 pornt of port 1 poms pq |? Q) Ky ww nope: planar projecnong Movane) “oo perepectiye a JT oblique ontios raphic [point 9 pornp 3 po ing — fret side To, PXonome pric Weed ylely View (rewng ¥ Veew ing acing Computers Involve two [indamental operations fh positionin and. a the camera whith can be athreved a ating the mode} view matrix. _ Comparer a. Application oF phe projection trantjorm ation « fe po roties prejection or eee ice Prejechen whith can be wcthtred yang projechon matrix, Wie gp 7 Pry @[POSITIONING OF THE CAMERA | ¥ Camera can be positroned UtIng open Ge be modi ying the model -Vitur matrix model view matrix (6 an eee paabrix ¥ inetialty the game and the object pram and hence the Camera would be (dentital af £hown below, [pe I Je i" 4 @® x y movement of camera and object 7, Ca) intel Cenprguranin. Gh) Coneguratin after change 10 rode) -vieto- matin 2,Ze ¥ with hy cad arrangement, all the objeck, present in the fcene may not be VuKtble ang hente we wilt have po Change He model-vew marcia Sultably to positon the Camera at the desired focation, (reper Fae) ye Suppose that the uter KM Mmterected 12 Viewsng tf the objeck jem the -ve zaxls, Then the Camera can be postttonedt using , IMatrinMode Ce. moper view); glad Identity ¢); fitrancate C00, 00, [& ay | ca a ? pe _7/e | frero Side view, pie ve Up * a Za zg These eqns are po. The avitiin by ze deteribee non aaa Seana a¥ the above equatims can be shtained in the MAabeix pom ae thown below . consider the pornt in space a¢ me Consider the mabrix M ag on) ° ° Me o 1 0 Oo o 0 } o o 0 Yd o oY The matrin M4 ‘trane] onms the point p te the pone. qe Map. 1 0 ° *] ey vNfo to ote fF = {7 0 8 I ° ie | z 0 0 Ido Ie} 2/4 Ba dividing furet three ferme with the fours fern, We get, q e a ic fe Ha UP —— Zp I : | " S|tpn ona} projections Cparalll Prajectiene J # Or thogenal projectrons ape Suth projection m which the cameras have Inginite focal lengih . Th le Of Shown below, y + Projectors are erpendrcular to the view plane Py Pere a Above diagram Shows a projeckoo plane bith too. fe points are projected of to thic plane , Mt Can be noriced that they retain wretheir x and values (2 deminutton does not takec Place . j Phevepore , m orthogonal projection A Oe ee ¥ Above 2quatrons “an be obtained 19 matrix mode ac shown below, Consicler the pomk in space as . x Ply z L Consider the matrix M such that a ite Zo0 eeonothen we can obtain orthogona | prejecton 4 the point p by rou ttrplying Mand p ag shinn below , qe Map jp 0 0 Oo se for ovfely jroo 0} re Looos] Lt _ fx 1] VPs] y 9 > | 1d le i] Thescpore , ae] GEL TIONS IN ‘openat| bia cee how vetovelume are Strmple popes o Propectlen readwin ® + contider the matrin - [1 oo © which is stoular to Mt but 0 8 x A | are f a“ nonsingular. Oo; oo oo 10 | r— wv Consider the pome - p- [3 - 14 LF + By applying N on p we gt [ f where , x ae tely mn! [§ fe"] PoXz {Wh 2 mie | . | (+ Be) a !“2b ¥ the game welult Can be obtained 7] applying an Orthograpbre projection ating the 2-anle fon we gep / t oO oO oO Morthe tN =] 0 o 68 0 0 0 Oo 4 when this oF thogbaphic Pryscton ik applied on te pairt pl xy 2,17 _ we jt om Mortro *N *P = ‘| rabies ye —— a we get Xp Z| thevepore Ay applying AL dwecHy on the point greta the fame VeSult He opp! we the on thogr-aphic Pelee eee, zat on N and then pryeteg the pain # original Yew volume can be noornaleed 40 peaspechive view valume by Te canonical Tight ~ let xe pe UB 2% hear yer fep- bore “AK Near Cae = denear a regnteleyy c Ze qar night -lpr Tg ht legs aaa “tener top bohm a Merepore, the ‘resulting ° “op-bottom ep bolton perspective proyect en - 5 ° _ fartncar Afar ¥nea marin U ob PeNasay = jarcnear far -penyPROTETION AND SHADOW! at lets see how Chadows can be created and Projected asing open ge. + Suple chadows can be created in perge. Although shadows are not goometria objects Ce they are lenporta np Components 4 reals tre Imaget and. jive many vicual clues , ¢ Shodows vequire a light cource to pe Present for sumplecnty , we Adsume that the shadow aes on qroued woyro. « A thadow i @ jor pPlygon and u the Prpectin g Phe original poli gm onto whe feyjace Cpreurdy tt be at shown = below - fee 70) ¥ The light Source present at AY (Ze, ye, Z,) Push be boughs the origin by pedformmirg 4 Translahon T ("Xe Ye ze) then we have fo Perform a _ > x simple perspeciive Pryeciien Ky thytugn the origin, LE “Sg The proection matrix i Tr 0 0 of alee | 1) i o i | by TORY . L | Tien we mut frantlate the light source back to 2x, Ye Ze) @ the toncakenatun thir matyix and the fo franslahon materces Projects the verfox Guy.z) to as == pe Xe ~ ———. | =0 Zp - a case Garon] [2] | Ge~ 92- nokes thew we gor thie 2 [% 100 -«] fiooon 100% | Pp oO hlyloloo ot ow [ ? {FP o Ot 21 0010) Flo ora, 00a ° Oo 02 lee L ue o ‘ny? D : J J » |x Premcsree t ‘OG Hiln Up 6 lie _ Zeke Oa Y J we can alter medel-Vretw ¢ orth vpen gL program , matrix te per the desired polygon as prone. Gt ploar mew’; 0 Shadow py we) [or Ciro; Fem; tr MLIT©O OG, mloJ= mrs y= mLwJ=ho: mE = “hol yg gidolor ayy Cpolygon-coler ) ; gba ( Ge-Polygon ); = /% Draw the polygon Pebrvatiy FD. & : 7! dc);giMatriaMede (61 MODSLYIS Ww); qifush Mabie Oo: giranslatey Che, Ye, 2835 IMultrpalriag Om); gl frantlabe Coty mye 203 gl@olorzyy Cthadow. color) ; iBegin C§t-PoLygony 3 gender; gi lop Matrix Os SY Save Shak ¥/ 7% Trons/afe back ¥/ Cx project ¥/ Ce Meve (ight ye origin 41 /e Draw the polygon again #/ SR veltore slate #/