MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION (MUMBAI)

A
Micro Project Report
On

“prepare a report on stage lighting , decorative lighting for building, statues etc”

Submitted by-

Rupesh Margade
Ranjit Mankar
Sakshi Lawhale
Shubham Jankut

Guided by – M.G.Dhok

Department of Electrical Engineering

Govt. Polytechnic yavatmal
(2024-25)
 K. K. Wagh Education Society’s

K. K. WAGH POLYTECHNIC, NASHIK

Hirabai Haridas Vidyanagari, Amruthdham,
Panchavati, Nashik-422003, Maharashtra, India

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the micro project entitled Business Plan on Electric Vehicle Charging
Station is submitted by:

Class: TYEE Batch: A Group:23

Roll Enrollment Exam Seat Name of Student

No. No. No.
05 1900780113 Ahire Pritesh Sunil
06 1900780114 Amrutkar Apurav Dinesh
74 1900780142 Pardeshi Sahil Mangesh

In the prescribed format of the board for the course Entrepreneurship development
(22032) as partial fulfillment of Diploma Programme in Electrical Engineering under the
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai during the academic year
2021-22.
The said work has been assessed by us and we are satisfied that the same is up to the
standard envisaged for the level of the course.
Date:

Mr. A.S. More Mr. S. B. Pawar Prof. P. T. Kadave

Project Guide HOD-Electrical Dept. Principal

Annexure – I

Government Polytechnic, Yavatmal

Micro-Project Proposal
PART A - Plan
 Title of Micro Project: Prepare a report on stage lighting, decorative lighting for building, statues etc
Academic Year: 2024-25 Semester: Five Scheme: I
Programme: Electrical Engineering Course & Code: IEB (22530)
Class: TYEE Batch: T2 Group: 14

1.0 Aim of the Micro-Project

This Micro-Project aims at:

This Micro project aims that the stage lighting, decorative lighting for building, statues etc

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

a) Demonstrate knowledge of different types of lighting systems and their components.
b) Apply the principles of lighting design to meet aesthetic and functional requirements.

3.0 Proposed Methodology

The methodology for implementing the protection of alternators involves a structured approach that
ensures the alternator operates reliably under normal conditions and is protected from abnormal
conditions and faults. Below is a step-by-step outline of the proposed methodology:

1. Identify and select appropriate protection schemes based on the system analysis.
2.Design a comprehensive protection system incorporating the selected relays and sensors
for the alternator. Show the information to faculty.
3.Test and validate the protection schemes in a simulated environment before implementation. First
make a raw report and then correct it.
4.Ensure continuous monitoring and maintenance of the protection system for long-term reliability..

4.0 Action Plan:

 Sr. Details of activity Planned Start Planned Name of
No. date Finish date Responsible Team
Members
1. Discussion of topics and finalizing one All Members
2. Submitting project proposal All Members

3. Gathering information from resource All Members

4. Discussing with guide regarding the All Members

information collected

5. Preparing model All Members

6. Preparing rough report All Members

7. Preparing final project report All Members

8. Submitting project along with viva All Members

5.0 Resources Required:

Sr. Name of Resource/material Specifications Qty Remarks

No.

1. Hardware Resources Lighting fixtures, Lighting 01

control Equipment

2. Software Resources Lighting Design Software, 01

Simulation and Visualization
Tools

3. Miscellaneous resources Lighting Designers, 01

Electricians and technicians

6.0 Name of Team Members with roll numbers:

Roll No. Name Signature

 41 Shubham Jankut
42 Sakshi Lawhale
43 Rupesh Margade
44 Ranjit Mankar

Name & Signature of Guide: ____________________

 Annexure – II

Micro-Project Report

Title of Micro-Project: Prepare a report on protection of alternator

1.0 Rationale:
The alternator plays a critical role in converting mechanical energy into electrical energy in power generation
systems. Since it is a vital component in the generation and distribution of electricity, The rationale for
protecting an alternator is grounded in ensuring the reliable, safe, and efficient operation of power generation
systems. Implementing a robust protection system minimizes risks, enhances safety, and prolongs the
lifespan of the equipment, making it a critical aspect of modern power system management.

2.0. Aims /Benefits of the Micro Project:-

This Micro project aims that on protection of alternator

3.0 Course Outcomes Achieved:-

1 Identifying and Analyzing Faults in alternator.
2 Designing and Implementing Protection System.

4.0 Literature Review:-

The protection of alternators is a critical area of research in electrical engineering, given their significance in
power generation systems. This literature review explores various studies, protection methods, and
advancements in alternator protection systems, focusing on fault detection, protective relays, and
new technologies. The literature reveals that alternator protection has evolved significantly from traditional
relay-based systems to more advanced digital, microprocessor-based, and smart grid-integrated protection
systems. Research continues to focus on improving fault detection accuracy, reducing response times, and
integrating predictive algorithms for fault prevention. However, challenges such as coordination in complex
power systems and real-time fault analysis remain areas for ongoing investigation and developmen

5.0. Actual Methodology followed:-

The actual methodology for protecting an alternator involves practical steps taken in the design, installation,
and operation of the protection system. It ensures the alternator is safeguarded against various electrical and
mechanical faults.
1. Initial Assessment and System Study.
2. Selection of Protection Devices
3. Relay Settings and Coordination.
4. Installation and Integration
5. Testing and Commissioning
6. Monitoring and Maintenance
7. Post-Fault Analysis and Feedback

6.0 Actual Resources Used

 Sr.
No. Name of Resource/material Specifications Quantity Remarks
1 Hardware Resources Lighting fixtures, Lighting 01
control Equipment

2 Software Resources Lighting Design Software, 01

Simulation and Visualization
Tools

3 Miscellaneous resources Lighting Designers, 01

Electricians and technicians

7.0 Outputs of the Micro-Projects:

● Stage Lighting Plot: A detailed blueprint showing the placement and type of lights used in the stage
setup, including the positions of spotlights, floodlights, and moving lights. This plot also highlights the
intended lighting effects for different scenes.
● 3D Visualization: A computer-generated preview of how the lighting setup will look on the stage,
building, or statue. This simulation showcases the effect of different lighting angles, colors, and
intensities, allowing for adjustments before implementation.

8.0 Skill Developed / learning outcomes of this Micro-Project:

Many skills developed in us by doing this micro project. These skills not only contribute to the successful
execution of the micro project but also prepare participants for future roles in the electrical engineering and
power systems sectors, giving them practical knowledge and the ability to handle complex
technical challenges.

9.0. Applications of this micro-project:

These applications demonstrate the versatility of alternator protection systems, emphasizing their
importance in maintaining system reliability, safety, and efficiency across various industries and sectors.

Name & Signature of Guide: ______________________

 Annexure – III
Micro Project Evaluation Sheet

Academic Year: 2020-21 Semester: Third Scheme: I

Programme: Electrical Engineering Course & Code: EDE (22032)
Class: TYEE Batch: A Group: 23 Title of the Micro-
Project: Business Plan on Electric Vehicle Charging Station.

Course Outcomes Achieved:

a) Use the support system to zero down to your business idea.
b) Develop comprehensive business plan.

S Characteristics to be assessed Poor Average Good Excellent Sub Total

r. (Marks (Marks (Marks (Marks
N 1- 4- 6- 9- (A)
o. 3) 5) 8) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)

1 Relevance to the course

2 Literature Review/ information

collection
 3 Completion of the Target as per
project proposal

4 Analysis of Data and representation

5 Quality of Prototype/ Model

6 Report Preparation

(B) Individual Presentation/ Viva (Convert following total marks out of 4 marks)

S Ro Seat Name of Students Characteristic Poor Averag Goo Excelle Su Tota

r. ll No. s to be (Mar e d nt b l
N No assessed ks (Mark (Mar (Marks Tot Mar
o. . 1-3) s ks 9-10) al ks
4-5) 6-8)
(B (A+
) B)
7 0 Ahire Pritesh Sunil Presentation
5
8 Viva

7 0 Amrutkar Apurav Presentation

6 Dinesh
8 Viva

7 7 Pardeshi Sahil Presentation

4 Mangesh
8 Viva

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

...........................................................................................................................................................................
...
 ...........................................................................................................................................................................
..

Name & Designation of the Teacher........................................................................

Dated Signature..............................................
1. Introduction

Lighting plays a crucial role in enhancing the aesthetic and functional appeal of spaces, whether it's a
theatrical performance, a building, or a statue. Stage lighting focuses on illuminating performance spaces to
highlight actors, set designs, and mood. Decorative lighting for buildings, statues, and monuments
emphasizes architecture, creates ambiance, and enhances visual appeal, especially at night. This report
explores the different types of lighting, their purposes, techniques, and the considerations involved in design
and implementation.

2. Stage Lighting

2.1 Purpose and Importance

Stage lighting is an integral part of theatrical performances, concerts, and events. It serves several key
functions:
- Illumination: Ensures that the performers and set are visible to the audience.
- Mood Creation: Helps convey emotions and set the tone for scenes, whether dramatic, comedic, or
suspenseful.
- Focus and Attention: Guides the audience’s attention to specific areas or performers on the stage.
- Special Effects: Enhances the storytelling through effects like shadows, color changes, and movement.

2.2 Types of Stage Lighting

- Front Lighting: Positioned in front of the stage to illuminate the actors' faces and the main set.
- Back Lighting: Placed behind the actors to create depth and outline shapes, separating actors from the
background.
- Side Lighting: Used to highlight actors from the sides, adding depth and sculpting shapes.
Top Lighting: Installed above the stage, providing general illumination and emphasizing certain areas.
- Spotlights: Focused beams that highlight specific performers or objects, commonly used for solos or key
moments.
- Floodlights: Broad, unfocused light used to illuminate large areas of the stage.
- Footlights: Positioned at the edge of the stage, often used to reduce shadows on performers' faces.

2.3 Lighting Techniques

- Dimmer Control: Allows gradual increase or decrease of light intensity to transition between scenes or
moods.
- Color Filters (Gels): Colored sheets placed in front of lights to change the color of the light, creating
various atmospheres (warm, cold, mystical).
- Gobos: Metal or glass templates used to project patterns or images onto the stage, such as trees, windows,
or abstract designs.
- Movement and Timing: Automated lighting systems allow lights to move and shift during performances,
synchronizing with music or actions on stage.

2.4 Lighting Design Considerations

- Scene and Set Design: The lighting plan must complement the scenery and stage layout.
- Color Temperature: Warm or cool tones can influence the mood and feel of the performance.
Audience Sightlines: Ensure that lighting does not obstruct or distract from the view of the performance.
- Energy Efficiency: LED lights are commonly used due to their lower energy consumption and flexibility
in color control.

3. Decorative Lighting for Buildings

3.1 Purpose and Importance

Decorative lighting for buildings serves both aesthetic and practical functions:
 - Highlighting Architectural Features: Accentuates elements such as columns, facades, and sculptures.
- Creating Ambiance: Sets a mood or theme, often used during special events or holidays.
- Safety and Security: Illuminates pathways, entrances, and public areas around buildings.

3.2 Types of Decorative Building Lighting

- Uplighting: Lights positioned on the ground to shine upward, emphasizing architectural features like
walls, arches, or columns.
- Downlighting: Lights installed above architectural elements, casting light downward to highlight
entrances, balconies, or windows.
- Wall Grazing: Lighting fixtures placed close to the building surface to create shadows and highlight
textures.
- Façade Projection: Projecting patterns, images, or colors onto building facades for visual interest or
thematic displays.
Linear Lighting: LED strips or light bars placed along edges or borders of buildings to outline architectural
forms or create a modern appearance.
- Spotlighting: Focused lights used to highlight specific elements of the building, such as statues or
ornamental details.

3.3 Lighting Techniques and Effects

- Color-changing LEDs: Can be programmed to shift between colors, creating dynamic and changing
visuals, often used during festivals or events.
- Integrated Lighting Systems: Automated systems that control the intensity, color, and timing of lighting
to create synchronized displays.
- Lighting Control Systems: Advanced control of decorative lighting using apps, timers, or motion sensors
for energy efficiency and flexibility.

3.4 Design Considerations

- Building Material: Reflectivity and texture of surfaces influence how lighting will appear.
- Energy Consumption: Using energy-efficient LEDs and solar-powered lights can reduce operational
costs.
- Environmental Impact: Avoiding excessive light pollution, particularly in urban areas, and minimizing
glare for passersby.

4. Decorative Lighting for Statues and Monuments

4.1 Purpose and Importance
Decorative lighting enhances the visibility and aesthetic of statues and monuments, making them focal points
in public spaces, especially at night. It serves to:
- Highlight Cultural and Historical Significance: Illuminates key monuments to showcase their importance.
- Enhance Public Engagement: Attracts visitors and tourists, creating iconic landmarks within cities.
- Create Visual Drama: Uses light and shadow to add depth and focus, enhancing the artistic appeal of
statues.

4.2 Types of Lighting for Statues and Monuments

- Spotlighting: Direct light is focused on statues or monuments to emphasize form and detail, often
highlighting facial features or key design elements.
- Floodlighting: Broad, unfocused lighting illuminates the entire statue or monument, offering even
visibility from all angles.
- Underlighting: Lights positioned below the statue create dramatic shadows, emphasizing the statue's
grandeur or importance.

4.3 Lighting Techniques

- Color Lighting: Colored lights are sometimes used to celebrate specific events or themes, such as national
holidays or cultural festivals.
- Timed Lighting Displays: Lighting can be programmed to change in intensity or color throughout the
night to create a dynamic visual experience.
 - Shadow Casting: Strategic placement of lights to create shadows that add depth or create additional visual
interest in the surroundings of the statue.
4.4 Design Considerations
- Surrounding Environment: Consideration of the landscape and nearby structures to ensure the lighting
enhances rather than detracts from the monument.
- Weather Conditions: Ensuring that lighting fixtures are weatherproof and resistant to temperature changes
and precipitation.
- Light Pollution: Managing light intensity to avoid excessive illumination that could disrupt surrounding
areas.

5. Conclusion:

Stage lighting, as well as decorative lighting for buildings, statues, and other structures, plays a vital role in
enhancing visual appeal and creating ambiance. Whether for performance arts, public landmarks, or
architectural marvels, lighting design requires careful consideration of the space, function, and aesthetic
objectives. The use of modern technology, including LEDs, automated control systems, and color-changing
features, allows for more creative and energy-efficient lighting solutions in these areas.

6. References
- Books on architectural lighting design
- Lighting system design manuals for theater and performance spaces
- Case studies on urban decorative lighting installations
- Industry standards for energy-efficient lighting systems
- Online lighting design tools and software for simulations