especially in the production of

ART APPRECIATION aesthetic objects.

CHAPTER 1: FONDATION OF ART • PLATO
o Art is what brings life in
- is an integral part of us. harmony with the beauty of
- Something that stimulate valuable the world.
aesthetic emotions in us.
• OSCAR WILDE
What is ART? o Art is the most intense mode
of individualism that the
- Is the product of man’s inventiveness
world has known .
and creativity.
• ELBERT HUBBARD
- It is the result of a conscious will or
o Art is not a thing—it is a way.
effort to create artworks or objects
o
with function.
- Is derived from the LATIN word SEVEN DIFFERENT FORMS
“ars”, means ability or skills or
manmade. 1. Painting
- From ITALIAN word “artis” means 2. Sculpture
craftmanship, mastery, and 3. Literature
inventiveness. 4. Architecture
- The ancient world did not have any 5. Theatre
idea of art just as we have in our 6. Film
modern world. For them art is using 7. Music
their hands to create something BACK IN THE DAY (LIBERAL ARTS)
functional that they can use in their
day life. 1. Grammar
2. Logic
- It was during the Renaissance that the
word “ART” has the notion 3. Rhetoric
4. Arithmetic
equivalent of the same with the word
“CRAFT”. 5. Geometry
6. Astronomy
- It was finally on the 17TH CENTURY
7. Music
that the word art was conceived as
related to fine arts.

OOOOHH by RICHARD GOMEZ

ARTS IN DIFFERENT POLETEISMO by MIDEO CRUZ
PERSPECTIVE
• Webster New Collegiate Dictionary
o Art is the constant use of skills
and creative imagination
FOUR COMMON ESSENTIAL OF 2. CREATIVITY
ART o Uses imagination to represent
new ideas and create physical
1. Art must be MAN-MADE. embodiment which is
2. Art must be CREATIVE, not beneficial and with value.
IMITATIVE. 3. EXPRESSION
3. Art must BENEFIT and SATISFY o Is making one’s thought or
man. feelings known. It means that
4. Art is expressed through a certain the work of art reflects the
MEDIUM or material by which that artist’s personality,
artist COMMUNICATES himself to background or even personal
his AUDIENCES. circumstances.
4. INNOVATION
o The creation of new idea,
ASSUMPTIONS OF ART technique, and style.

1. Art is rooted in CULTURE.

2. Art is UNIVERSAL. ALBERT EINSTEIN
3. Art is NOT NATURE.
4. Art involves EXPERIENCE. - IMAGINATION is more important
than KNOWLEDGE. Knowledge is
limited. Imagination encircles the
world.
CHAPTER 2: WHAT IS ART - CREATIVITY is seeing what others
APPRECIATION see and thinking what no one has
ever thought.
- It is the capacity to understand
artworks and experience a certain
enjoyment in creating art. 2.2. FUNCTIONS OF ART
- It deals with our encounter with
artworks and the artist and how we 1. DIRECTLY FUNCTIONAL ART
are affected by it.
• It deals with the art that is
CREATIVE PROCESS usually used DAILY such as
stools, architectural
1. IMAGINATION structures, furniture,
o Envisions ideas that are not accessories, and a lot more.
present.
o Visualizes the impossible or
things that are present in our
senses.
2. INDIRECTLY FUNCTIONAL ART 3. CULTURAL FUNCTION
o This function helps art to
• It deals with the art that is
preserve, share, and transmit
perceived through SENSES
culture of people from one
such as fine arts, paintings,
generation to another. Art
music, sculpture, dance,
also serves as passage
literary pieces, theatrical
towards people’s knowledge,
performances.
skills , attitudes, customs, and
tradition of different group.
WHAT IS ART FOR? 4. SPIRITUAL FUNCTION
o This function of art
- ARISTOTLE
strengthens the artist work in
o Every particular substance in
terms of religious support to
the world has an END OR
the culture.
TELOS (Greek word ) which
5. AESTHETIC FUNCTION
is even fully translated into
o Helps people to have a real
PURPOSE.
attitude of gratefulness to
o The idea of ARISTOTLE of
nature’s beauty , the feeling
TELOS has a connection
of appreciation that is
with function because for a
established through
thing to attain its purpose, it
enjoyment when in touch
also has to achieve its
with the artwork.
FUNCTION.
OTHER FUCTIONS OF ART
FUNCTIONS OF ART
1. PHYSICAL FUNCTION
1. PERSONAL FUNCTION
o this function of art deals with
o This function tries to convey
art that fulfils and satisfy
the artist personal feelings
man’s physical needs.
through his work of art. It is
2. POLITICAL FUNCTION
also used to give
o This function of art deals
convenience, comfort, and
with campaign art such as
happiness to human being.
promotion of political
2. SOCIAL FUNCTION
agenda.
o This function connects people
3. ECONOMIC FUNCTION
because art is usually public
o This function of art deals
display and celebration, it
with the involvement of
means it is used to influence
money. Every reproduction of
shared behaviour, that is why
arts money plays a big role in
art conveys sense of family,
it.
community or civilization.
 4. HISTORICAL FUNCTION - Judgment of beauty can be universal
o Visual Category of Art such despite its subjectivity.
as painting, sculpture, - Any judgment in any art forms
architectural works serve as a should not focus on the external
record to historical figures purposes to satisfy man like moral
and events. aspect or political commentary.
Instead, value intrinsically defined
2.3. PHILOSOPHICAL PERPECTIVES
by the aesthetic impression.
ON ART
-
1. PLATO
CHAPTER 3: CLASSIFICATION OF
- ART AS MIMESIS. ART
- Art is an imitation of the real and as
1. VISUAL ART
an artist is an imitator, for everything
o Deals with any creation of an
that we see in this world is just a
artist which are primarily
copy of the original
visual in nature.
- He believes that true entity an only
o PAINTING – from the
be found in the world of forms.
LATIN word “pingere”
- The argument of Plato is that non-
meaning to paint. It is a
physical forms or idea represent the
category in visual and fine
most accurate reality.
arts that involves the
application of paint, pigment,
color, or other medium to a
2. ARISTOTLE
surface(support base) in order
- ART AS A REPRESENTATION to present a picture of
- Art is a representation of a subject.
POSSIBLE REALITY. o SCULPTURE – it came
- The true representation of art is not from the LATIN word
just about its outward appearance but “sculpere” which means to
its inward significance. cut or removing pieces from a
- The argument of Aristotle is that art stone. It is the art of carving,
may not represent reality as it is but modelling, casting,
to provide a vision of possible assembling, and constructing
reality. materials into figures of
forms to achieve three
3. IMMANUEL KANT
dimensional piece.
- ART FOR ART SAKE. o ARCHITECTURE – is the
- There is an autonomous aesthetic art of designing and
standard in art. constructing buildings and
 other non-building structures actress or actor to form a
for man’s use. dramatic art form.
o PLASTIC ART – it has o FILM – aka MOTION
three-dimensional forms. PICTURE, is the art of
Example are architectural moving pictures; visual
designs and construction of medium that tells stories and
buildings and other exposes reality. Thus, it is the
structures, landscapes, manipulation of reality
gardens, furnishing design, through image and sound.
city planning, etc. 3. LITERARY ARTS
2. PERFORMING ART o Written matrial such as
o Range from vocal and poetry, novels, poems, drama
instrumental music, dance and others. It is highly
and theatre to pantomime, expressive in nature with the
sung verse and beyond. choice of words and
o DANCE – is a type of art emotional images.
that generally involves 4. DIGITAL ART
movement of the body, o Like graphiv arts, it has two-
usually rhythmic and flat dimensional surface, such
dependent to music, as film,newspaper, drawing,
performed in many different photography, and other
cultures, and used as a form products of printing industry
of expression, social with the aid of computer and
interaction and exercise. other electronics devices.
Examples are ballroom, 5. POP ART
ballet, modern dance, hip o was the art of popular culture.
hop, etc. It is characterized as gay and
o MUSIC – the art combining lively. It includes film,
sounds of varying pitches to newspaper, magazines, radio,
produce a coherent and television.
composition that is 6. GUSTATORY ART OF THE
melodious, harmonious , CUISINE
intelligible, and expressive of o this involves skill in food
ideas and emotions. Example, preparation or food art.
vocal music, instrumental 7. DECORATIVE ART
music, opera, musical o They are visual objects
comedy, among others. produces for aesthetic
o THEATER – a play or dram function for houses, interior
that is being recreated by an designs, offices, cars, and
other structures.
WHY IS ART POWERFUL? PHOTOGRAPHY MEDIUMS

ROB TALLEY 1. FILM PHOTOGRAPHY

o Is the practice of taking potos
- art has the power to move people and
by exposing thin plastic
evoke emotions that word can never
material we call FILM to
do justice to.
light to create an image. The
- Art offers an accessible form of self-
plastic material on a roll of
expression that can be targeted
film is coated with silver
toward anyone who might need to
halide crystals that darken
hear it.
when exposed to light, it is
- It can take us back in time to reflect
then processed in a dark room
on our past or push further is into our
with various chemicals ro
future.
develop the final image of a
- Art can bring awareness to social
photograph.
issues and foster a sense of
2. DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
acceptance bringing people together
o Is the process of taking
regardless of background.
photographs by using
- Art has the power to change the way
electronic sensor to capture
we see the world, awakening us to
light rather than film. This
new perspective, ideas, and value.
images are then stored
digitally on a memory card
CHAPTER 4: and are easily transferable as
a digital file.
PHOTOGRAPHY
HOW DOES PHOTOGRAPHY
PHOTOGRAPHY WORKS?
- Is a visual medium that has existed - Ever since the invention of
since 1800’s. Since then it has photography and the invention of
evolved both in form, technology, camera, three components of
purpose, and expression. photography have been critical in
- Is a multifaceted craft that is creating images from light, and this
constantly evolving over time. is called EXPOSURE TRIANGLE.
- The GREEK meaning of “photo” IS
LIGHT while “graphy” is drawing. EXPOSURE TRIANGLE
LIGHT DRAWING OR DRAWING - Consists of three variables:
WITH LIGHT. APERTURE, SHUTTER SPEED,
- Is the process of capturing light to ISO
create an image. This is executed 1. APERTURE – is the opening of
through the use of a camera, either the lens through which light
film or digital. passes. When you hit the shutter
 release button to take the picture, 1. SIZE – the size of your subject has a
the camera aperture opens to direct relationship to the importance
predetermined width, letting a of that subject.
specific amount of light through. 2. RELATIONSHIP – when we see
2. ISO – is what measures your more than one character in a shot, we
camera’s digital sensor’s are meant to acknowledge their
sensitivity to light or your film relationship (romantic, friendship,
stock’s sensitivity to light. Once etc.)
light passes through the aperture 3. BALANCE – a balanced frame
of a camera lens, it lands on includes elements on the left and
either a sensor (in digital right side of the frame.
photography) or light sensitive
BASIC COMPOSITION RULES FOR
film stock (in film photography).
PEOPLE
ISO SENSITIVITY is a
standard set by the 1. HEADROOM – the amount of
INTERNATIONAL space above the subject’s head.
ORGANIZATION for 2. LOOK ROOM/NOSE ROOM- is
STANDARDIZATION that the space in front of someone’s face
represents sensitivity to light as a on the screen. This space gives the
numerical value. A hif=gher person room to breather, as well as
number indicates a higher gives the impression that the person
sensitivity and a greater ability to is looking at or talking to someone
capture light. just off screen.
3. SHUTTER SPEED – the final
EXPOSURE
component of the triangle. Is
HOW LONG the camera shutter - To capture image with a determined
is open, exposing the image to brightness.
light, typically measured in - UNDEREXPOSURE – camera
millisecond to minutes. doesn’t receive enough light.
- OVEREXPOSURE – too much light
FRAMING
DEPTH OF FIELD
- Is the placement and position of the
subjects in your shots. Shots are all - Is the area of acceptable sharpness in
about composition. Rather than front of and behind the subject which
pointing the camera at the subject, the lens is focused. Put simply, it
you need to compose an image. refers to how blurry or sharp the area
is around your subject.
CONSIDERATIONS WHEN CAMERA
o SHALLOW – refers to a
FRAMING A SHOT
small area in focus. Often the
subject is in focus, while the
 background is blurred. This is FRAME WITHIN A FRAME
best for portraits, and the one
- Is the use of visual elements in a
way to adjust this is with
scene to border a subject, further
aperture.
drawing focus to them. First frame is
o DEEP – captures a larger
the literal shape and border of the
area of focus. Often keeping
image. The second one is created
everything in the image sharp
within the image. To create this
and clear. This is the best for
additional frame, photographers and
landscapes by using a large
cinematographers often use
aperture.
windows, doors or other foreground
INCREASING DEPTH OF FIELD FOR elements. Subjects can also be
SHARPNESS: framed with background elements
that create the shape around the
- Narrow the aperture (make it smaller
subject. It does not always have to be
by increasing f-number)
rectangular or square, just a shape
- Move away from the subject.
that borders a subject.
- Use a lens with a shorter focal
length. FOREGROUND – is the placement of the
subject that’s closest to the camera.
DECREASING DEPTH OF FIELD FOR
BLUR BACKGROUDND – the part of a scene or
picture that is farthest from the viewer: the
- Widen the aperture (make it bigger
part of a scene that is behind a main figure
by decreasing the f-number)
or object.
- Move closer to the subject
- Use a lens with a longer focal length. MIDGROUND – it makes up the area in
between foreground and background.

RULE OF THIRDS
OTHER TERMS
- Is the process of dividing an image
into thirds, using two horizontal and SILLHOUTE – is the dark shape and
two vertical lines. This imaginary outline of someone or something visible
grid yields nine segments with four against a lighter background, especially in
intersection points. When you dim light.
position the most important elements
BOKEH – is the quality of out-of-focus or
in your image at these intersections,
blurry parts of the image rendered by a
you produce a much more natural
camera lens.
image (in theory)
CAMERA SHOTS 6. CLOSE UP
o It tightly frames a character
1. EXTREME LONG SHOT (ELS)
or object. They are used to
OR EXTREME WIDE SHOT
portray a character’s
(EWS)
emotions, while only framing
o it makes your subject appear
their face. They are also often
small against their location.
used to show specific action,
You can use an extreme long
like a hand picking up a
shot to make you subject feel
knife.
distant or unfamiliar.
7. EXTREMELY CLOSE UP
2. LONG SHOT OR WIDE SHOT
o Is a view so tight that the
o It features the entire character
audience can only see some
from head to toe. The
features of a character or
audience is still treated to the
object. The entire screen is
scale, distance, and location.
filled with a single feature,
The only difference from an
like a character’s eyes or
extrem wide shot is the fact
mouth.
that the main character has a
8. EYE LEVEL SHOT
larger presence in the frame.
o Is when you subject is at eye-
3. MEDIUM LONG
level. It can result in a neutral
SHOT/MEDIUM WIDE
perspective (not superior or
o It frames the subject from
inferior). This mimics how
roughly the knees up. It splits
we see people In real life-our
the difference between a full
eye line connecting with
shot and a medium shot.
theirs, and it can break down
4. MEDIUM SHOT
boundaries.
o Is one of the most common
9. LOW ANGLE SHOT
camera shots. It is similar to
o It frames the subject from
the cowboy shot, but frames
below a their eyeline. These
form waist tp and through the
camera shots most often
torso. It emphasizes more of
emphasizes power dynamics
your subject while keeping
between characters- a low
their surroundings visible.
angle shot on one character is
5. MEDIUM CLOSE UP
often paired with a high angle
o It frames your subject from
shot on the character. Long
roughly the chest up. It
angle camera shots are a
typically favors the face, but
perfect camera angle for
still keeps the subject
signalling superiority or to
somewhat distant.
elicit feelings of fear and
dread.
 10. HIGH ANGLE SHOT
o the camera points down at
your subject. It usually
creates a feeling of inferiority
or looking down on you
subject. But again, with every
other camera angle, there are
many applications.

TAKING GOOD PHOTOS USING

PHONE

1. Avoid distracting elements.

2. Use marker as guide in framing.
3. Make sure to have enough space
4. Have multiple shots
5. Avoid digital zoom
6. Use HDR.
7. In dark scenario, put your phone
on a flat steady surface.
8. Use editing applications to
enhance image
9. PRACTICE!