Preface

Table of Contents

Safety Notes 1
SIPROTEC Device Structure 2
Travelling Wave Recorder
Travelling Wave Explorer 3
7SE20
Assembly and Commissioning 4
V01.00 Maintenance and Repair 5
Packing, Storage, and Transport 6
Device Manual
Technical Data 7
Appendix A
Glossary

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 NOTE

i For your own safety, observe the warnings and safety instructions contained in this document, if available.

Disclaimer of Liability Copyright

Subject to changes and errors. The information given in Copyright © Siemens 2024. All rights reserved.
this document only contains general descriptions and/or The disclosure, duplication, distribution and editing of this
performance features which may not always specifically document, or utilization and communication of the content
reflect those described, or which may undergo modifica- are not permitted, unless authorized in writing. All rights,
tion in the course of further development of the products. including rights created by patent grant or registration of a
The requested performance features are binding only when utility model or a design, are reserved.
they are expressly agreed upon in the concluded contract.
Document version: E50417-X0040-C000-A1.03 Trademarks
Edition: 07.2024
SIPROTEC, DIGSI, SIGRA, SIGUARD, SIMEAS, SICAM, Insights
Version of the product described: V01.00 Hub, and OT Companion are trademarks of Siemens. Any
unauthorized use is prohibited.
Preface

Purpose of the Manual

This manual describes the function and application of the Travelling Wave Recorder 7SE20.

Target Audience
This manual is primarily aimed at protection system engineers, system configurers, commissioning engineers,
persons entrusted with the setting, testing and maintenance of fault recorder equipment, automation, selec-
tive protection and control equipment, and operational crew in electrical installations and power plants.

Scope
This manual applies to the Travelling Wave Recorder 7SE20.

Indication of Conformity

The product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities
on harmonization of the laws of the Member States concerning protection and safety
(Directive 2014/35/EU), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC Directive 2014/30/EU), and
the efficient use of the radio spectrum (Directive 2014/53/EU Art. 3, paras. 1-2) as well
as the the restriction of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic
equipment (RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU).
This conformity has been proved by tests performed according to by Siemens AG in
accordance with the guidelines in accordance with the EN 61326-1 standard for the
EMC Directive, standard EN 61010-1 for the Directive 2014/35/EU, the standard EN 303
413 V1.1.1 for the efficient use of the radio spectrum, and the EN IEC 63000 for the
RoHS Directive.
The device is designed and manufactured for application in an industrial environment.

Additional Support
For questions about the system, contact your Siemens sales partner.

Customer Support Center

Our Customer Support Center provides a 24-hour service.

Siemens Electrification & Automation
Global Support
Single entry point
Phone: +49 9131 1743072
E-mail: [email protected]

Notes on Safety
This document is not a complete index of all safety measures required for operation of the equipment (module
or device). However, it comprises important information that must be followed for personal safety, as well
as to avoid material damage. Information is highlighted and illustrated as follows according to the degree of
danger:

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Preface

! DANGER
DANGER means that death or severe injury will result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries.

! WARNING
WARNING means that death or severe injury may result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid death or severe injuries.

! CAUTION
CAUTION means that medium-severe or slight injuries can occur if the specified measures are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid moderate or minor injuries.

NOTICE
NOTICE means that property damage can result if the measures specified are not taken.
² Comply with all instructions, in order to avoid property damage.

NOTE

i Important information about the product, product handling or a certain section of the documentation
which must be given attention.

Qualified Electrical Engineering Personnel

Only qualified electrical engineering personnel may commission and operate the equipment (module, device)
described in this document. Qualified electrical engineering personnel in the sense of this document are
people who can demonstrate technical qualifications as electrical technicians. These persons may commission,
isolate, ground and label devices, systems and circuits according to the standards of safety engineering.

Proper Use
The equipment (device, module) may be used only for such applications as set out in the catalogs and the
technical description, and only in combination with third-party equipment recommended and approved by
Siemens.
Problem-free and safe operation of the product depends on the following:

• Proper transport

• Proper storage, setup and installation

• Proper operation and maintenance

When electrical equipment is operated, hazardous voltages are inevitably present in certain parts. If proper
action is not taken, death, severe injury or property damage can result:

• The equipment must be grounded at the grounding terminal before any connections are made.

• All circuit components connected to the power supply may be subject to dangerous voltage.

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 Preface

• Hazardous voltages may be present in equipment even after the supply voltage has been disconnected
(capacitors can still be charged).

• Operation of equipment with exposed current-transformer circuits is prohibited. Before disconnecting the
equipment, ensure that the current-transformer circuits are short-circuited.

• The limiting values stated in the document must not be exceeded. This must also be considered during
testing and commissioning.

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Table of Contents

Preface.......................................................................................................................................................... 3

1 Safety Notes................................................................................................................................................. 8

2 Device Structure......................................................................................................................................... 10
2.1 Scope and Key Features of the Device................................................................................11
2.2 Traveling Waves................................................................................................................ 11
2.3 Recording Traveling Waves................................................................................................12
2.4 Positioning of the Antenna................................................................................................14
2.5 LED Assignment and Device Status.................................................................................... 16
2.6 Application and Setting Notes........................................................................................... 17
2.6.1 Overview.....................................................................................................................17
2.6.2 Station and Device Name.............................................................................................17
2.6.3 Transformer Data........................................................................................................ 18
2.6.4 Connection between the Transformer and the Device.................................................. 19
2.6.5 Resolution and Trigger Thresholds............................................................................... 20
2.6.6 Recording Events......................................................................................................... 26
2.6.7 Setting the GNSS Module.............................................................................................27
2.6.8 Configuration of the Ethernet Interface........................................................................28
2.6.9 Setting Notes for Fault Location................................................................................... 29
2.7 Evaluating a Traveling Wave Record with SIGRA................................................................. 29
2.8 Monitoring Functions........................................................................................................33
2.9 Dimensions.......................................................................................................................34
2.10 Device Connections...........................................................................................................35

3 Travelling Wave Explorer........................................................................................................................... 38

3.1 Elements in the Travelling Wave Explorer.......................................................................... 39
3.2 Installation and Uninstallation........................................................................................... 39
3.3 Project Management......................................................................................................... 40
3.3.1 Creating a New Project................................................................................................ 40
3.3.2 Opening an Existing Project......................................................................................... 40
3.3.3 Editing a Project.......................................................................................................... 41
3.4 System Management........................................................................................................ 41
3.4.1 Editing a System.......................................................................................................... 41
3.5 Station Management........................................................................................................ 43
3.5.1 Editing a Station.......................................................................................................... 43
3.6 Line Management............................................................................................................. 43
3.6.1 Editing a Line...............................................................................................................43

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3.7 Device Management......................................................................................................... 44

3.7.1 Editing a Device...........................................................................................................44
3.7.2 Restart the device........................................................................................................ 46
3.7.3 Device Information...................................................................................................... 46
3.7.3.1 Requesting Status Information............................................................................... 46
3.7.3.2 Requesting Online Parameters................................................................................47
3.7.3.3 Editing Online Parameters...................................................................................... 47
3.7.3.4 Sending Online Parameters to the Device............................................................... 47
3.7.3.5 Changing the IP Address.........................................................................................48
3.7.4 Device Position............................................................................................................ 48
3.7.4.1 Initiating Positioning.............................................................................................. 48
3.7.4.2 Monitoring Positioning...........................................................................................49
3.7.5 Update firmware......................................................................................................... 49
3.8 Records.............................................................................................................................50
3.8.1 Refreshing the Record Overview.................................................................................. 50
3.8.2 Downloading Records.................................................................................................. 51
3.8.3 Initiating a Test Record................................................................................................ 52
3.8.4 Displaying the File Storage Location of Records............................................................ 53
3.8.5 Opening a Record in SIGRA.......................................................................................... 54
3.9 Calculating the Fault Location........................................................................................... 54

4 Assembly and Commissioning....................................................................................................................56

4.1 Unpacking/Repacking a Device.......................................................................................... 57
4.2 Device Assembly............................................................................................................... 57
4.3 Antenna Assembly............................................................................................................ 58
4.4 Commissioning................................................................................................................. 59

5 Maintenance and Repair............................................................................................................................ 61

5.1 Maintenance.....................................................................................................................62
5.2 Repair............................................................................................................................... 62
5.3 Environmental Protection Hints......................................................................................... 62

6 Packing, Storage, and Transport................................................................................................................ 64

7 Technical Data............................................................................................................................................ 65

A Appendix.................................................................................................................................................... 68
A.1 Figures............................................................................................................................. 69
A.2 Meaning of the LEDs......................................................................................................... 70
A.3 Ordering Information and Accessories............................................................................... 70
A.4 Connection Diagrams........................................................................................................71

Glossary...................................................................................................................................................... 72

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1 Safety Notes

Management of Security-related Issues

To report a security vulnerability affecting a Siemens product or solution, contact Siemens via this Internet
page: https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/services/cert/vulnerability-process.html.
Information on validated security vulnerabilities that directly involve Siemens products are published in the
Siemens Security Advisories (refer to https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/services/cert.html#Security-
Publications).
Information on software and firmware updates including third-party components are part of the respective
release notes. For more information, contact your local Siemens sales or project partner.

Security Update Management

For software and firmware updates, Siemens offers a systematic patch management service. For more infor-
mation, refer to https://www.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/energy-automation-and-smart-grid/grid-
security/operational-security.html.

NOTE

i The Travelling Wave Explorer tool uses .NET Framework version 4.7.2. The framework is part of the
Microsoft Windows 10 and 11 operating systems. Siemens recommends activating and installing automatic
updates for the operating system. This will ensure that any potential vulnerabilities in the .NET Framework
are closed promptly.

Network Security
The device and the Travelling Wave Explorer program do not guarantee secure communication. No user
authentication takes place. This means there is a risk that unauthorized users in the network will be able to
read data or make unauthorized changes to settings on the devices.
Therefore, Siemens recommends setting up a secure communication channel for data transmission. To avoid
vulnerabilities, set up a virtual private network (VPN) and use a securely configured firewall. Siemens recom-
mends using industrial VPN devices, such as SCALANCE S615. Install the Travelling Wave Explorer program
on the computer in the control center and ensure that only authorized users have access to this computer.
Note the instructions in the Secure Substation Manual.

[dw_TWR-network-security, 1, en_US]

Figure 1-1 Example of a secure communication channel

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 Safety Notes

(1) Computer with installed Travelling Wave Explorer program

(2) SCALANCE S615
(3) Device 7SE20

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2 Device Structure

2.1 Scope and Key Features of the Device 11

2.2 Traveling Waves 11
2.3 Recording Traveling Waves 12
2.4 Positioning of the Antenna 14
2.5 LED Assignment and Device Status 16
2.6 Application and Setting Notes 17
2.7 Evaluating a Traveling Wave Record with SIGRA 29
2.8 Monitoring Functions 33
2.9 Dimensions 34
2.10 Device Connections 35

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 Device Structure
2.1 Scope and Key Features of the Device

2.1 Scope and Key Features of the Device

The device is used to record traveling waves in power systems.
The device has the following key features:

• 8 channels for recording signals, split into 4 current channels and 4 voltage channels
The channels have a fixed assignment to the analog inputs. The signals are recorded with a sampling
rate of 10 MHz. The assignment of the channels to the input terminals of the device can be found in the
connection diagrams in the Annex A.4 Connection Diagrams.

• An SD card for storing the records

The device stores the fault records in COMTRADE format in accordance with IEC 60255-24:2013 and
IEEE C 37.111:2013. All records are saved on the SD card. The records remain available after an auxiliary-
voltage failure.

• The integrated GNSS module sets an absolute time stamp at the start of recording. The GNSS module
receives signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites.

• Parameterization, evaluation of traveling wave records, and fault location are only possible with the help
of external tools.
– With the Travelling Wave Explorer tool, you can set the parameters of the device, download
records, and determine the fault location.
– Alternatively, you can use the SIGRA tool to evaluate records and determine the fault location.

• Via an Ethernet interface, you can operate the device with the Travelling Wave Explorer tool and
download the records.

2.2 Traveling Waves

Traveling waves occur due to abrupt changes in current and voltage in electrical systems.
The following causes are possible:

• Switching operations

• Short circuits

• Ground faults

• Lightning strikes

• Flashovers in live components

Starting from the point of origin a traveling wave propagates evenly towards the line ends at very high speed.
On overhead lines, the propagation velocity is approximately 293 000 km/s. This corresponds to approximately
98 % of the speed of light. In cables, the propagation velocity reaches approximately 67 % of the speed of
light. The following figure shows the propagation of a traveling wave caused by a short circuit:

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2.3 Recording Traveling Waves

[dw_principle_propagation_traveling-waves, 2, en_US]

Figure 2-1 Propagation of traveling waves on a line

Traveling waves are measured in the current signals and voltage signals at both ends of the line. In each case,
the arrival of the traveling waves is marked with a precise time stamp. Based on the time stamps at both ends
of the line, the following formula can be used to calculate the origin of the traveling wave:

[fo_TW_FaultLocation_2side_formula, 1, en_US]

where:
x Distance from station A to the fault location
l Line length
Δt Difference tA - tB between the time stamps of both ends of the line
v Propagation velocity of the wave

With the Travelling Wave Explorer tool, you can evaluate the recorded data and determine the fault location.
The Travelling Wave Explorer tool shows the associated traveling wave records for the line. To do this, it
compares the time stamps of the records.
Two records belong together if the time difference Δt meets the following condition:

[fo_TW_max_delta_t, 1, --_--]

The fault location is then either on the monitored line or near the line.

2.3 Recording Traveling Waves

The device creates traveling wave records. The records can be used for fault location using traveling waves.

Traces in a Traveling Wave Record

8 analog channels and 9 binary traces are recorded in a traveling wave record. The traces are not configurable.
Trace Type Meaning
TW-IL1 Analog Current curve IA
TW-IL2 Analog Current curve IB
TW-IL3 Analog Current curve IC
TW-IE Analog Current curve IG
TW-UL1E Analog Voltage curve VAG
TW-UL2E Analog Voltage curve VBG

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2.3 Recording Traveling Waves

Trace Type Meaning

TW-UL3E Analog Voltage curve VCG
TW-UE Analog Voltage curve VG
Trig. TW-IL1 Binary Trigger event in current curve IA
Trig. TW-IL2 Binary Trigger event in current curve IB
Trig. TW-IL3 Binary Trigger event in current curve IC
Trig. TW-IE Binary Trigger event in current curve IE
Trig. TW-UL1E Binary Trigger event in voltage curve VAG
Trig. TW-UL2E Binary Trigger event in voltage curve VBG
Trig. TW-UL3E Binary Trigger event in voltage curve VCG
Trig. TW-UE Binary Trigger event in voltage curve VG
Trig. TW-Manual Binary Manual triggering via the Travelling Wave Explorer program

Recorded Frequency Range

The device records the current signals and voltage signals in the frequency range from 10 kHz to 2 MHz.
The sampling rate is 10 MHz. A band-pass filter suppresses the fundamental component. The fundamental
component is therefore not included in the fault record.

Triggering a Traveling Wave Record

The following events trigger the recording of a record:

• Manual start via the Travelling Wave Explorer program

• Trigger event in a current channel

If the Trigger level current trigger threshold is exceeded in one of the channels TW-IL1, TW-IL2,
or TW-IL3, a traveling wave record is triggered. The Trig. TW-IL1, Trig. TW-IL2, and Trig. TW-IL3 traces
show the channels in which the trigger threshold was reached.

• Trigger event in a voltage channel

If the Trigger level voltage trigger threshold is exceeded in one of the channels TW-UL1E,
TW-UL2E, or TW-UL3E, a traveling wave record is triggered. The Trig. TW-UL1E, Trig. TW-UL2E, and
Trig. TW-UL3E traces show the channels in which the trigger threshold was reached.

Trigger Thresholds
Trigger thresholds specify the voltage or current value from which a traveling wave record is triggered. The
trigger thresholds can be adjusted separately for the current channels and the voltage channels. Follow the
setting notes in 2.6.5 Resolution and Trigger Thresholds.

Record Duration
The maximum length of a traveling wave record is 50 ms. The length is defined by parameters Pre trigger
length and Post trigger length. These parameters define the length of the fault record before and
after the trigger event. Follow the setting notes in 2.6.6 Recording Events.

Time stamp
When the trigger threshold is exceeded for the first time, the time is saved. The time determined in this way is
entered in the traveling wave record as a time stamp. If there are records from both ends of the line, the time
stamp can be used for fault location.

NOTE

i The time stamp is always specified as a UTC time.

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2.4 Positioning of the Antenna

Example:
The following figure shows a section of a traveling wave record for a 1-phase short circuit B-G. The trigger
threshold was exceeded for all 3 phase currents and phase-ground voltages. The time stamp 21.11.2022,
05:42:10.550 specifies the time when a trigger threshold was exceeded for the first time. This time specifies
the start of the edge of the 1st wave.

[sc_faultrecording_trigger, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-2 Section of a traveling wave record including time stamp

The exact time stamp can be seen in the CFG file of the record:
21/11/2022,05:42:10.548366 ← 1st time stamp: Start of the record
21/11/2022,05:42:10.550366 ← 2nd time stamp: Trigger threshold exceeded for the 1st time, start of
the edge of the 1st wave
The 2nd time stamp is used for double-end fault location.

2.4 Positioning of the Antenna

For exact fault location, the time on both devices must be synchronized. Since the devices do not communi-
cate directly with each other, time synchronization is only possible via GPS or GLONASS. To ensure precise
time synchronization, the position of the devices is determined. To do this, the position and time signals from
the GPS and GLONASS satellite systems are received via an integrated GNSS receiver. The device calculates its
own position by measuring the runtime of the signal from each satellite.
Before commissioning the device, determine the position of the antenna. The determined position is saved in
the device for later monitoring of time synchronization.
The following conditions must be met for positioning:

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2.4 Positioning of the Antenna

• Device 7SE20 is installed.

• The antenna for receiving the GNSS signal is installed and connected to the device. To do this, follow the
instructions in 4.3 Antenna Assembly.

• In the Travelling Wave Explorer, a system with one or more stations and at least one device is created.

• The parameters for the connection between the device and the antenna are saved in the device (see
2.6.7 Setting the GNSS Module). For how to set the parameters, see 3.7.3.3 Editing Online Parameters.
Always start positioning after the following events:

• After initial installation of the device and the antenna

• When there are structural changes in the vicinity of the antenna

For how to start positioning in the Travelling Wave Explorer program, see 3.7.4.1 Initiating Positioning.

Application and Setting Notes

If you are starting positioning with the Travelling Wave Explorer program, set the following parameters:
Parameter: Required GNSS antenna position accuracy
Use parameter Required GNSS antenna position accuracy to set the maximum permissible devia-
tion of the determined position from the actual antenna position. Set a value from 1 m to 100 m. Siemens
recommends that you do not change the accuracy of the time synchronization from the default value of 5 m.
Only increase the value if the receiving conditions are poor and the set precision value cannot be achieved.

Parameter: Minimum synchronization time for GNSS locking

For exact positioning, the GNSS receiver requires many satellite signals. Throughout the runtime, the number
of satellite signals received and the positioning accuracy increase. Use parameter Minimum synchroniza-
tion time for GNSS locking to set the minimum period for positioning. Set a value from 5 min to
1440 min. Siemens recommends that you do not change the default value of 1440 min (24 h).

Reading the Position Accuracy

During positioning, the position of the device is determined continuously. In the Travelling Wave Explorer
program, read the current accuracy in the Device tab of the Device Settings window. To speed up positioning
via the satellite signals received, increase the possible position radius with parameter Required GNSS
antenna position accuracy.

Completing Positioning
If the threshold value of parameter Required GNSS antenna position accuracy has been reached
or exceeded and the minimum observation time for parameter Minimum synchronization time for
GNSS locking is reached, the process is complete. Ongoing positioning can be interrupted by restarting it
with changed threshold vaues. To end the process prematurely, set the following:

• Minimum observation time Minimum synchronization time for GNSS locking = 5 minutes

• Increased position radius Required GNSS antenna position accuracy

Restarting Positioning
Positioning can be restarted. For this, the threshold values for parameter Required GNSS antenna
position accuracy and parameter Minimum synchronization time for GNSS locking can be
changed and set again.
The information from the canceled positioning run is saved in the device so that the new positioning can be
completed more quickly.

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2.5 LED Assignment and Device Status

2.5 LED Assignment and Device Status

Device 7SE20 has 8 light-emitting diodes on the front, which provide information about the current state of
the device. These 8 LEDs are arranged on the left-hand side of the front of the device, as shown in figure Front
View, Page 69.

LED 1 – Run
LED 1 Run lights up as soon as the device is connected to a supply voltage.

LED 2 – Error
LED 2 Error indicates that the device is in a fault condition. This LED must not be lit up during operation.
During system startup, LED 2 Error lights up until initialization of the device is completed. When LED 2 Error
goes out, the device is ready for use. In this case, the device can also be operated via the Ethernet Interface. If
LED 2 Error does not go out during system startup, this can indicate problems with the SD card or the device.
In this case, follow the instructions in 2.8 Monitoring Functions. Check whether an SD card is inserted and
whether write protection has been deactivated for the card. If LED 2 Error is flashing, no SD card has been
inserted.

LED 3 – SD card status

LED 3 – SD card status provides information about the fill level of the SD card.

• If this LED is not lit up, at least 50 % of the storage capacity of the SD card is still available.

• If the LED lights up, 50 % to 80 % of the card is filled with records.

• If the LED is flashing, this indicates that more than 80 % of the card is filled with records.

LED 4 – SD card read

LED 4 – SD card read indicates read access to the SD card, for example when a record is requested via the
Ethernet interface.

LED 5 – SD card write

LED 5 – SD card write indicates write access to the SD card. If the record is being saved on the SD card after
triggering, the LED will light up.

NOTICE
An interruption during write access can make the records saved on the SD card unreadable.
² Do not switch off the device during write access to the SD card.

LED 6 – Trigger active

LED 6 – Trigger active indicates triggering of the traveling wave recorder. In at least one channel of the
device, it has been determined that the input signal threshold-value has been exceeded, and a recording has
been triggered. LED 6 – Trigger active goes out as soon as all records from the buffer have been saved on the
SD card.

LED 7 – GNSS locked

For commissioning of the device, the exact position of the GNSS receiver antenna is determined. The position
data of the device or the antenna is determined over a long period of time and saved in the device. The
position data is required for time synchronization.
The following statuses are indicated by the LED:

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2.6 Application and Setting Notes

• LED off: Saved position data is not available. Time synchronization is not possible.

• LED flashes: Determination of the positioning has not yet been completed. Time synchronization is
possible, even if determination of the position has not yet been completed.

• LED on: The position data is available. Time synchronization is possible.

If LED 7 GNSS locked goes out again during operation, the quality of the GNSS signal has deteriorated. Check
the position of the antenna and the correct connection to the device.

LED 8 – Sync – 1 PPS

If LED 8 – Sync – 1 PPS flashes in a second rhythm, this indicates that there is a PPS pulse.
If LED 8 – Sync – 1 PPS remains off, the device is no longer synchronized. In this case, check the position of
the antenna and the correct connection to the device.

NOTE

i For additional information on the possible fault statuses, refer to 2.8 Monitoring Functions.

2.6 Application and Setting Notes

2.6.1 Overview

To display the channels correctly in the fault records, the device requires information about the system and
the respective channels. This information is made available to the device via the parameters. Set the device
parameters using the Travelling Wave Explorer program. A description of these parameters and their effect
on the fault records follows.

2.6.2 Station and Device Name

To assign a traveling wave record to a device, use the station name and the device name. Both
names are entered in the record in accordance with the COMTRADE standard IEC 60255-24:2013 and
IEEE C 37.111:2013. The names are displayed in SIGRA or another COMTRADE viewer.
The start of the file name for a record is also composed of the station name and the device name. The
names are followed by the date, the time, and the trigger time in ns. The runtime on the cable between the
transformer and the device is not taken into account in the trigger time in the file name.

<Station name>_<Device name>_<YYYYMMDD>_<hhmmss>_<Time_stamp in ns>.cfg

Example:
There is a record from the following device with the following time stamp:

• Station name: Berlin

• Device name: 7SE20

• Date: June 14, 2023

• Time: 08:58:54

• Time stamp in ns: 304900120

The file name of the fault record is as follows:

Berlin_7SE20_20230614_085854_304900120.cfg

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2.6 Application and Setting Notes

Parameter: Station name

• Default setting: Station name = Station

Use parameter Station name to specify the name of the station in which the device is installed. A maximum
of 15 alphanumeric characters are available for this. When a record is saved, the station name is entered in the
CFG file of the record.

Parameter: Device name

• Default setting: Device name = Device

Use parameter Device name to define a name for the device within the station. A maximum of 15 alphanu-
meric characters are available for this. When a fault record is saved, the device name is entered in the CFG file
of the record in addition to the station name.

2.6.3 Transformer Data

To detect traveling waves, connect the device directly to the current and voltage transformers in a system. The
following parameters can be used to configure the current and voltage channels in the device:

Parameter: Rated primary current

• Default setting: Rated primary current = 1000 A

Use parameter Rated primary current to set the primary current of the 3-phase current transformer. Set
a value from 1 A to 100 000 A.

Parameter: Rated secondary current

• Default setting: Rated secondary current = 1 A

Use parameter Rated secondary current to set the secondary current of the 3-phase current trans-
former. Set a value of 1 A or 5 A.

Parameter: Star point

• Default setting Star point = LINE

Use parameter Star point to set the direction of the neutral point in the current transformer in accordance
with the following figure. The neutral point can face either the direction of the line or the direction of the
busbar. The default setting for the parameter is LINE. If you switch the parameter to BUSBAR, the direction of
the phase currents and the ground current IN will be changed within the device.

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[dw_polstromwdl_7SE20, 1, en_US]

Figure 2-3 Polarity of the current transformer

Parameter: Rated primary voltage

• Default setting: Rated primary voltage = 400 kV

Use parameter Rated primary voltage to set the primary voltage of the 3-phase voltage transformer. Set
a value from 0.2 kV to 1200 kV.

Parameter: Rated secondary voltage

• Default setting: Rated secondary voltage = 100 V

Use parameter Rated secondary voltage to set the secondary voltage of the 3-phase voltage trans-
former. Set a value from 80 V to 230 V.

2.6.4 Connection between the Transformer and the Device

For fault location, the time of arrival of the wave at the end of the line is required. This is where the current
and voltage transformers are installed. But the time stamps are only assigned in the device. The trigger event
is delayed by the propagation of the traveling wave in the secondary cabling. Therefore the trigger signal is
recorded by the device with a time delay. To record the correct runtime, the time delay is subtracted from the
time of the trigger event. To do this, enter the length of the cable and the propagation velocity on this cable.
These values are set separately for the current transformer and the voltage transformer. Only the setting value
of the signal in which the trigger event was first recorded is effective.
This time delay is calculated based on the following formula:

[fo_TW_Time Delay Cable, 1, en_US]

where:
tc Calculated time delay of the trigger signal through the wiring
lT Length of the cable between the current or voltage transformer and the device.
Depending on the transformer, the parameter is Cable length CT or Cable
length VT.

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c Speed of light
velocity factor Relative propagation velocity of the wave on the cable in relation to the speed of light
c.
Current transformer: Parameter Velocity factor cable CT
Voltage transformer: Parameter Velocity factor cable VT

Parameter: Cable length CT

• Default setting Cable length CT = 50 m

Use parameter Cable length CT to set the length of the cable between the current transformer and the
device. Set a value from 1 m to 500 m, according to the cable used.

Parameter: Velocity factor cable CT

• Default setting Velocity factor cable CT = 67.0 %

Use parameter Velocity factor cable CT to set the relative propagation velocity of the traveling wave
in the cable between the current transformer and the device. The value is specified as a percentage in relation
to the speed of light. Set a value from 20 % to 100 %. If you do not know the value of the cable, use the
default value of 67 %.

Parameter: Cable length VT

• Default setting Cable length VT = 50 m

Use parameter Cable length VT to set the length of the cable between the voltage transformer and the
device. Set a value from 1 m to 500 m, according to the cable used.

Parameter: Velocity factor cable VT

• Default setting Velocity factor cable VT = 67.0 %

Use parameter Velocity factor cable VT to set the relative propagation velocity of the traveling wave
in the cable between the voltage transformer and the device. The value is specified as a percentage in relation
to the speed of light. Set a value from 20 % to 100 %. If you do not know the value of the cable, use the
default value of 67 %.

2.6.5 Resolution and Trigger Thresholds

NOTE

i All of the following setting values relate to the secondary parameters at the respective transformer.

Adjust the resolution of the current and voltage channels to the size of the high-frequency signal shares.
The recommended setting values can be calculated from the line and transformer data using the following
formulas. Larger values do not result in any improvement, as the resolution of the signal in the evaluated
frequency range is smaller.

NOTE

i The fundamental component of the current and voltage signals is filtered out and is therefore not visible in
the record. Therefore, the fundamental component does not have to be taken into account when setting
the resolution and the trigger thresholds.

The trigger thresholds specify the current or voltage level from which recording of a record starts. If the
trigger threshold in one of the channels is exceeded, a record is recorded. If the setting values are too small,
unnecessary records will be generated even when there is no event in the power system.

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On the other hand, if the setting values are too high, no record will be generated when there is an event.
Siemens recommends the following settings:

• For the current channels: 20 % of the maximum recording level

• For the voltage channels: 10 % of the maximum recording level

Parameter: Full scale current

• Default setting Full scale current = 2 A

Use parameter Full scale current to set the scale end value for the measurement at the secondary
current transformer inputs. This value specifies the maximum current value that can be recorded. Larger
values are clipped. Set a value from 0.280 A to 28 A.
The setting value can be calculated from the maximum possible voltage pulse on the line:

[fo_Max voltage impulse, 1, en_US]

This results in the maximum primary current pulse:

[fo_TW_Max current impulse, 1, en_US]

When calculating the setting value, take parameter Full scale current into account as well as the
current transformation ratio and the attenuation factor Fatt. The setting value for parameter Full scale
current can be determined as follows:

[fo_TW_Full Scale Current, 1, en_US]

where:
Fatt Attenuation factor of the primary current of the current transformer
Vrated, prim Rated primary voltage (Parameter Rated primary voltage)
ZW Characteristic impedance of the line
Irated, prim Rated primary current (Parameter Rated primary current)
Irated, sec Rated secondary current (Parameter Rated secondary current)

The current transformer attenuates the high-frequency signal shares in the range from 10 kHz to 2 MHz more
than the fundamental component of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The attenuation factor Fatt specifies the transmission ratio
for high-frequency signal shares in comparison to the fundamental component share.

NOTE

i The attenuation factor is not specified by the transformer manufacturer. If the attenuation factor of the
primary current is not known, Siemens recommends using an attenuation factor of 1.0 for the calculation.

The characteristic impedance ZW is independent of the length of the line. It is determined by the design,
materials, and insulation of the line. For overhead lines, the characteristic impedance ZW is 200 Ω to 400 Ω,
for underground cables, it is 10 Ω to 40 Ω.
If the characteristic impedance of the line ZW is not known, it can be calculated approximately using the
following formula:

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[fo_TW_Characteristical impedance, 1, en_US]

where:
L' Inductance per unit length of the line. Calculate this value using the positive-sequence
impedance Z1 of the line.
C' Capacitance per unit length of the line. This value is also called the capacitance per unit
length of the line CB, is identical to the capacitance of the positive-sequence system C1,
and can be found in the technical data of the line.

Example:
For the following system, calculate the setting value for parameter Full scale current as follows:
Size Value
Rated primary voltage Vrated, prim 380 kV
Rated secondary voltage Vrated, sec 100 V
Rated primary current Irated, prim 800 A
Rated secondary current Irated, sec 1A
Rated frequency frated 50 Hz
Positive-sequence impedance R'1 + j X'1 (0.027 + j0.307) Ω
Positive-sequence impedance capacity C'1 11.8 nF/km
Attenuation factor Fatt of the current transformer Unknown

In the 1st step, the characteristic impedance of the line is calculated. The inductance per unit length is
calculated from the positive-sequence impedance of the line:

[fo_TW_Example_Induct_L1, 1, en_US]

The characteristic impedance is then:

[fo_TW_Characteristical impedance Example, 1, en_US]

The attenuation factor Fatt is unknown, therefore the calculation is carried out with the value 1.0:

[fo_TW_Full Scale Current Example, 1, en_US]

Table 2-1 shows the characteristic impedance ZW for some overhead lines, and the possible setting value for
parameter Full scale current. The secondary setting value was calculated for a rated primary current of
600 A.

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Table 2-1 Characteristic impedance ZW and possible setting value for parameter Full scale current
for some selected overhead lines

Voltage level Line Characteristic Primary setting Secondary setting

impedance ZW value value (INsec = 1 A,
INprim = 600 A)
110 kV 1x Al/St 435 mm2 353.21 Ω 254.28 A 0.42 A
220 kV 1x Al/St. 435 mm2 376.28 Ω 477.38 A 0.8 A
220 kV 2x Al/St. 265 mm2 280.69 Ω 639.96 A 1.07 A
380 kV 2x Al/St 560 mm2 287.78 Ω 1087.16 A 1.8 A
380 kV 4x Al/St 265 mm2 238.06 Ω 1303.32 A 2.17 A
380 kV 4x Al/St 435 mm2 234.28 Ω 1324.33 A 2.21 A

The following table shows how different settings of parameter Full scale current affect the measuring
results:
Setting value for Possible impacts on the measuring results
parameter Full
scale current
Too low • Current curves that are too large are clipped.
• If the current curves are clipped, the edges appear very steep. The tip of the edge
is no longer included in the signal.
According to the • No clipping of the current curves
formula
• Resolution is used optimally
• Edges are clearly identifiable.
Too high • No clipping of the current curves
• Resolution is not fully used
• If the resolution is not adequate, the edges cannot be clearly identified.

Parameter: Trigger level current

• Default setting Trigger level current = 0.400 A

Use parameter Trigger level current to set the trigger threshold for measured values at the current
transformer inputs. If the threshold value is exceeded at one of the measurement inputs, a recording starts.
The setting value relates to the secondary current of the instrument transformer and is specified in Amperes.
The setting range for this parameter is dependent on the setting value of parameter Full scale current.
The limits are calculated as follows:

• Bottom limit: 1 % of the setting value Full scale current

• Top limit: 99 % of the setting value Full scale current

Siemens recommends setting the value to 20 % of the maximum current value Full scale current.

Example:
The setting value for parameter Full scale current was calculated as 1.8 A. This results in the following
limiting values for parameter Trigger level current:

• Bottom limit: 0.018 A

• Top limit: 1.782 A

• Recommended setting value: 0.360 A

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Parameter: Full scale voltage

• Default setting Full scale voltage = 25,000 V

Use parameter Full scale voltage to set the scale end value for a measurement at the secondary voltage
transformer inputs. This value specifies the maximum voltage value that can be recorded. Larger values are
clipped. Set a value from 0.235 to 235 000 V.
The value can be calculated from the maximum possible voltage pulse on the line:

[fo_Max voltage impulse, 1, en_US]

The voltage transformer attenuates the high-frequency signal shares in the range from 10 kHz to 2 MHz more
than the fundamental component of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The attenuation factor Fatt,V specifies the transmission
ratio for high-frequency signal transmission in comparison to the fundamental component share.

NOTE

i If the attenuation factor of the primary voltage of the voltage transformer is not known, Siemens recom-
mends using an attenuation factor of 1.0 for the calculation.

The correct value for parameter Full scale voltage can be determined as follows:

[fo_TW_Full Scale Voltage, 1, en_US]

where:
Fatt,V Attenuation factor of the primary voltage of the voltage transformer
Vrated, sec Rated secondary voltage

The following table shows possible impacts of the setting value on the measuring results:
Setting value for Possible impacts on the measuring results
parameter Full
scale voltage
Too low • Voltage curves that are too large are clipped.
• If voltage curves are clipped, the edges can no longer be determined with the
necessary accuracy.
According to the • No restriction of the voltage curves
formula
• Resolution is used optimally
• Edges are clearly identifiable.
Too high • No restriction of the voltage curves
• Resolution is not fully used
• If the resolution is not adequate, the edges cannot be clearly identified.

The following figures show examples of a voltage curve after a traveling wave test signal with different
settings of parameter Full scale voltage:

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2.6 Application and Setting Notes

[sc_faultrecording_full_scale_voltage_too_small, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-4 Maximum voltage value set too low: The voltage curve is clipped.

[sc_faultrecording_full_scale_voltage_OK, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-5 Maximum voltage value set correctly: The voltage curve is displayed properly.

[sc_faultrecording_full_scale_voltage_too_large, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-6 Maximum voltage value set too high: The voltage curve is superimposed with noise.

Parameter: Trigger level voltage

• Default setting = 2,500 V

The default value is dependent on the setting value of parameter Full Scale Voltage.
Use parameter Trigger level voltage to set the trigger threshold for measured values at the voltage
transformer inputs. If the threshold value is exceeded at one of the measurement inputs, a recording starts.
The setting value relates to the voltage on the secondary circuit of the instrument transformer and is specified
in volts. The setting range and the default setting for this parameter are dependent on the setting value of
parameter Full scale voltage:

• Bottom limit: 1 % of the setting value Full scale voltage

• Top limit: 99 % of the setting value Full scale voltage

Siemens recommends setting the value to 10 % of the maximum voltage value Full scale voltage. If
you have not connected the voltage transformer, set the maximum possible value.

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Example:
The setting value for parameter Full scale voltage was calculated as 25.0 V. This results in the following
limiting values result for parameter Trigger level voltage:

• Bottom limit: 0.25 V

• Top limit: 24.75 V

• Recommended setting value: 2.50 V

2.6.6 Recording Events

The device continuously saves the current and voltage signals, so data is available even before the start of
the record if there is a trigger event. The maximum length of a traveling wave record is 50 ms. Adjust the
pre-trigger time and post-trigger time for a trigger event using the following parameters.

Parameter: Pre-trigger length

• Default setting: Pre-trigger length = 2.00 ms

With parameter Pre-trigger length, set the pre-trigger time for recording of an event. Set a value from
0.1 ms to 25.00 ms.

Parameter: Post-trigger length

• Default setting Post-trigger length = 3.00 ms

With parameter Post-trigger length, set the record time after the trigger. Set a value from 0.1 ms to
25.00 ms.
To see several reflections of the fault location as well as of the removed cable end, Siemens recommends
setting the value according to the following equation:

[fo_Post-Trigger Time, 1, --_--]

where:
l Line length
c Speed of light

Example:
The following image shows a traveling wave record. The Pre-trigger length was set to 2 ms, and the
Post-trigger length was set to 3 ms.

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[sc_faultrecording_pre_post_trigger_time, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-7 Traveling waves record with Pre-trigger length and Post-trigger length

2.6.7 Setting the GNSS Module

For time synchronization, the device has a GNSS module (Global Navigation Satellite System). This can receive
signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites. Before commissioning, exact positioning of the installed antenna is
required. For how to start positioning with the Travelling Wave Explorer program, refer to 3.7.4.1 Initiating
Positioning.

The antenna is connected to the device with a cable. Due to the cable, the GNSS signals arrive at the device
with a delay. This time delay is compensated for during calculation of the time stamp. To do this, enter the
length of the cable and the propagation velocity on this cable:

Parameter: Antenna cable length

• Default setting: Antenna cable length = 20 m

Use parameter Antenna cable length to specify the length of the antenna cable to the device. Set a value
from 1 m to 500 m. The default value corresponds to the supplied antenna cable. Only change the setting
value if you are using a different cable.

Parameter: Velocity factor for antenna cable

• Default setting: Velocity factor for antenna cable = 80.0 %

Use parameter Velocity factor for antenna cable to specify the relative propagation velocity of the
GNSS signal on the antenna cable in relation to the speed of light. Set a value from 20.0 % to 100.0 %. The

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2.6 Application and Setting Notes

default value corresponds to the supplied antenna cable. Only change the setting value if you are using a
different cable.
If you do not know the relative propagation velocity of a signal on your cable, use the default value of 80 %.

2.6.8 Configuration of the Ethernet Interface

The Ethernet interface is used to operate the device with the Travelling Wave Explorer program:

• Setting parameters

• Downloading records

• Initiating a test record

• Updating the device firmware

Using the following parameters from the IP Configuration group, you can configure the Ethernet interface:

Parameter: IP address

• Default setting: IP address = 172.16.60.60

Use parameter IP address to set the Ethernet IP communication interface of the device. Every device must
be assigned a unique IP address.
The IP address to be set depends on your network configuration. You can set any valid IPv4 address that does
not cause conflicts with other IP addresses in the network. IP addresses have the format x.y.y.x.
The components of the IP address can take the following values:
Component of the IP address Range of values
X 1 to 254
Y 0 to 254

NOTE

i In the delivery status, the IP address 172.16.60.60 is saved in the device. The device can initially only be
accessed and configured via this address.

Parameter: Subnet mask

• Default setting: Subnet mask=255.255.255.0

Use parameter Subnet mask to define a subnetwork mask. With the subnetwork mask, the recipient of data
packets can distinguish sections of the network ID and the host ID in the IP address. The subnetwork mask is a
32-bit value.

Parameter: Default gateway

• Default setting: Default gateway=172.16.60.65

Use parameter Default gateway to set the IP address of the gateway.

Parameter: MTU frame size

• Default setting: MTU frame size=1500 bytes

Use parameter MTU frame size to specify the maximum transmission size for packages in the data
network. Set a value from 576 bytes to 1500 bytes. Siemens recommends using the default setting. Only
set a smaller value if your network requires this.

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2.7 Evaluating a Traveling Wave Record with SIGRA

2.6.9 Setting Notes for Fault Location

Using the Travelling Wave Explorer program, you can perform double-end fault location. To do this, the
matching records from both ends of the line and some line data that you enter in the Travelling Wave
Explorer program are required. For how to enter the line data, see Editing the Line Properties, Page 44.

Line Settings - Length Parameter

Specify the line length in km. Values from 1 km to 1000 km are possible.

Line Settings - Velocity Parameter

Specify the propagation velocity of the wave in km/s. If the propagation velocity is not known, you can
calculate the setting value based on the line data, using the following formula:

[fo_TW_Propagation_Speed, 1, --_--]

where:
L' Inductance per unit length of the line. Calculate this value using the positive-sequence
impedance Z1 of the line.
C' Capacitance per unit length of the line. This value is also called the capacitance per unit
length of the line CB, is identical to the capacitance of the positive-sequence system C1,
and can be found in the technical data of the line.

The following table shows the propagation velocity for some overhead lines.

Table 2-2 Propagation velocity of the wave for some selected overhead lines

Voltage level Line Propagation velocity v

110 kV 1x Al/St. 435 mm2 292 780 km/s
220 kV 1x Al/St. 435 mm2 293 331 km/s
220 kV 2x Al/St. 265 mm2 294 921 km/s
380 kV 2x Al/St. 560 mm2 294 486 km/s
380 kV 4x Al/St. 435 mm2 295 591 km/s
380 kV 4x Al/St. 265 mm2 295 609 km/s

2.7 Evaluating a Traveling Wave Record with SIGRA

In addition to automatic fault location with the Travelling Wave Explorer program, manual single-end or
double-end fault location is also possible.
The SIGRA program must be installed for the following steps.

Double-End Fault Location

² Using the Travelling Wave Explorer program, download the records belonging to the fault. You can
recognize the associated records by the time stamps on both devices. The time stamps of the associated
records differ by just a few microseconds. To find out how to download records, see 3.8.2 Downloading
Records.
² Copy the associated records from both line ends into a new folder on your computer.
² Start SIGRA.

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2.7 Evaluating a Traveling Wave Record with SIGRA

² Open the record for the first side of the line via menu option File / Open.
- or -
² Open the first record by double-clicking the CFG file.
The record is displayed. For fault location, perform the following steps:
² Switch to the instantaneous values view. To do this, click the Instantaneous values button.
² To select all diagrams in the illustration, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + A.
² Right-click in one of the displayed diagrams and select Optimize in the menu.
The diagrams are then scaled so that the full current and voltage curves are shown. The first record can be
seen in SIGRA.

[sc_SIGRA_Record_1, 1, en_US]

Figure 2-8 Illustration of a traveling wave record in SIGRA. You can see the record for a 1-pole fault on a
400 kV line.

You can now load the 2nd record from the other end of the line:
² In SIGRA, select Paste / Fault record in the menu.
² In the file selection dialog, select the 2nd record.
You can see both records one on top of the other in SIGRA. The records are automatically synchronized. You
can see the time difference between the two trigger events. All evaluation options of SIGRA are available to
you.
For double-end fault location, it is helpful to display the current or voltage curves of both sides of the line in
one diagram:
² In SIGRA, right-click in the last diagram of the record.
² Select New.
² Right-click in the newly created diagram and select Assign signals.
² Select the signals that are to be displayed together in the new diagram. For fault BG, this could be fault
signals N1:IB B and N2:IB B.

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The signals for both ends of the lines are shown in one diagram. Use the two cursors to determine the fault
location.
² Slide cursor 2 (blue) to the first edge of the signal from the first device (node N1). Select either the start
or the top of the edge.
² Slide cursor 1 (orange) to the first edge of the signal from the 2nd device (node N2).
In SIGRA, the time difference between the two marks is displayed in ms in the top left in field C2-C1.

[sc_delta_t_2side_flt_loc, 1, en_US]

Figure 2-9 Determining the time difference between the edges on both ends of the line

² Determine the fault location with the measured time difference according to the following formula:

[fo_TW_FaultLocation_2side_formula, 1, en_US]

where:
x Distance from the fault location in km
l Length of the line in km
v Propagation velocity of the wave in km/s
Δt Time difference between the edges in s

Example:
There is a line with the following data:
Size Value
Length of line l 117 km
Voltage level: 400 kV
Propagation velocity v 294 486 km/s

With SIGRA, a time difference of -0.24796 ms was measured. The distance from the fault location is:

[fo_TW_Example_2-Side, 1, --_--]

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Single-End Fault Location

For single-end fault-location, the time difference between the first edge and the reflection from the fault
location is measured. The following figure shows the possible reflections of the traveling wave:

[dw_TWFL_Reflections, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-10 Reflections of the traveling wave

tA1 Time stamp of the 1st edge of the traveling wave

tB1 Time stamp of the 1st edge of the traveling wave at the opposite end
tA2 Time stamp of the 2nd edge of the traveling wave. 1st reflection from the fault location
tA3 Time stamp of the 3rd edge of the traveling wave. 2nd reflection from the fault location
tA4 Time stamp of the 4th edge of the traveling wave. 1st reflection from the opposite end

The traveling wave propagates from the fault location. At time tA1, the wave reaches measuring point A for
the first time. The wave is reflected at the line ends and at the fault location. At time tA2, the 2nd reflection
reaches measuring point A. The distance between the fault location and measuring point A can be determined
from the time difference Δt = tA2-tA1.
If you know which edge is a reflection of the fault location, then reliable single-end fault location is possible. If
the record contains other reflections of the fault location, then the time difference between the edges of the
reflections is the same. Reflections can also occur at other places on the line. Possible reflections are:

• The busbar at the opposite end

• Branch points on the line

• Places where the geometry of the line changes

• Coupling points between an overhead line and a cable section

Therefore, single-end fault location is not always clear. If there are short circuits near the opposite end of the
line, several reflections will be superimposed. Clear fault location is not possible in these cases. To find the
correct fault location out of the possible values, compare the values with the result of the fault locator of a
protection device.
Determine the distance to the fault location as follows:
² Using the Travelling Wave Explorer program, download the record belonging to the fault.
² Start SIGRA.
² Open the record via menu item File / Open.
- or -
² Open the record by double-clicking the CFG file.

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The record is displayed. For fault location, perform the following steps:
² Switch to the instantaneous values view. To do this, click the Instantaneous values button.
² To select all diagrams in the illustration, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + A.
² Right-click in one of the displayed diagrams and select Optimize in the menu.
The record can be viewed in SIGRA.
² Search for a current or voltage signal in which the 1st and 2nd edge of the traveling wave can be seen.
Other edges enable you to check the result.
² Zoom in on the record so that the edges are clearly visible.
² Slide the 1st cursor (orange) to the start of the 1st edge.
² Slide the 2nd cursor (blue) to the start of the 2nd edge.
In SIGRA, the time difference between the two marks is displayed in the top left in the C2-C1 field.

[dw_delta_t_1-side, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-11 Measuring the time difference between 2 edges for single-end fault location

² Calculate the distance from the fault location using the following formula:

[fo_TW_FaultLocation_1side, 1, --_--]

Example:
In the record, a time difference of 0.06793 ms was measured between the two edges on current signal IC. The
distance from the fault location is:

[fo_Example_1-Side, 1, --_--]

This result can be checked with the 3rd edge.

² Slide the two cursors in SIGRA to the 2nd edge (blue) and the 3rd edge (black).
² Measure the time difference between the two edges as previously described.
If the time difference is the same as the first measured time difference, then the fault location is correct.
In the example, the 2nd time difference was measured as 0.06923 ms. This value is almost identical to the
difference between the first two edges.

2.8 Monitoring Functions

To ensure safe operation and proper functioning of the device, various monitoring activities are performed
during operation. If LED 2 Error lights up red, there is a serious error.

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2.9 Dimensions

Monitoring the SD Card

The SD card is monitored continuously during operation. If LED 2 Error lights up or flashes red, first check for
one of the following faults.

• LED 2 Error flashes after the device is switched on.

– The SD card is not inserted.
The device cannot be operated without an SD card. Isolate the device from the supply voltage and
insert the SD card.

• LED 2 Error is lit up. The following errors are possible:

– The SD card is defective. Switch off the device and replace the SD card.
– The SD card is write-protected. Switch off the device and remove the SD card. The switch for write
protection is located on the side of the SD card and is labeled with Lock. Slide the switch to the
other end. Insert the SD card again and switch on the device.

• If LED 2 Error lights up and LED 3 SD card status flashes, the SD card is full. The SD card must be
replaced.
LED 3 SD card status shows the fill level of the SD card:
LED 3 SD card status Occupied storage capacity
off < 50 % of the storage capacity of the SD card
on 50 % to 80 % of the storage capacity of the SD card
flashes > 80 % of the storage capacity of the SD card. Delete records that are no
longer required or replace the SD card.

Self Monitoring
During operation, the following monitoring functions are permanently active:

• Monitoring of the program sequence (Watchdog)

• Monitoring of the primary storage

• Monitoring of the consistency of parameters (only after the parameters have been changed)
If LED 2 Error lights up and checking the SD card as well as restarting the device does not remedy the fault,
contact the Customer Support Center.

2.9 Dimensions

[dw_device dimension front view 7SE20, 1, en_US]

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2.10 Device Connections

[dw_device dimension top view 7SE20, 1, en_US]

2.10 Device Connections

Current Terminal I
Note the following when connecting to the current terminal of the device:
Cable cross-section AWG 12 (2.5 mm2 to 4 mm2)
When using terminal lugs AWG 12–10 (2.7 mm2 to 6.6 mm2)

Stripped length (for use without bootlace ferrule) 10 mm or 11 mm; Use solid copper
conductors only
Permissible tightening torque at clamping screw Max. 2.7 Nm
Position on the device See Rear View, Page 69

[sc_current_terminal_7SE20, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-12 Current terminal I, 8-pole

Table 2-3 Connector pin-out of current terminal I

Terminal point 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signal designation I1_N I1_P I2_N I2_P I3_N I3_P I4_N I4_P

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2.10 Device Connections

Voltage Terminal V
Note the following when connecting to the voltage terminal of the device:
Cable cross-section AWG 20–14 (0.5 mm2 to 2.5 mm2)
When using terminal lugs AWG 16–14 (1.0 mm2 to 2.5 mm2)

Stripped length (for use without bootlace ferrule) 9 mm or 10 mm; Use solid copper conduc-
tors only
Permissible tightening torque at clamping screw Max. 1.8 Nm
Position on the device See Rear View, Page 69

[sc_voltage_terminal_7SE20, 1, --_--]

Figure 2-13 Voltage terminal V, 12-pole

Table 2-4 Connector pin-out of the voltage terminal

Terminal point 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signal designation V1_P V1_N V2_P V2_N V3_P V3_N V4_P V4_N

Power Supply Connection VH

Note the following when connecting to the voltage terminal of the device:
Cable cross-section AWG 18–12 (0.75 mm2 to 2.5 mm2)
With bootlace ferrule AWG 18–12 (0.75 mm2 to 2.5 mm2)

Stripped length of bootlace ferrules 7 mm (only use shielded lines and connect the shield to the
grounding point of the device.)
Permissible tightening torque at clamping 0.6 Nm
screw

Connection Cables
The following applies to all voltage, current, and power supply connections:
Min. rated voltage 300 V
Minimum temperature of the lines 105 °C

PE Port
The equipment must be grounded at the protective grounding terminal before any connections are made. The
line cross-section must be at least 4 mm2. The permissible tightening torque is 1.2 Nm.

USB port
The Type B USB port on the back of the device is used only for service purposes by Siemens AG.

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BNC Port
The socket-type BNC ports (CH1 to CH8) on the back of the device are used only for service purposes by
Siemens AG.

SD Card Slot
The SD card slot is on the front of the device. To ensure safe operation of the device, only use the supplied and
approved industrial SD card. The SD card must not be removed from the device during operation.

Ethernet Plug Connection

The RJ45 type Ethernet plug connection is on the front of the device. Via this interface, you can configure the
device with the Travelling Wave Explorer and load records from the device.

Antenna Connection
The device requires an external antenna.
The socket-type SMA connection is on the back of the device next to the supply voltage connection (see Rear
View, Page 69).

! DANGER
Risk of fire due to ungrounded antenna.
Disregarding this may result in fire, serious injuries, or death.
² Ground the antenna properly in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and ensure lightning
protection.

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3.1 Elements in the Travelling Wave Explorer 39

3.2 Installation and Uninstallation 39
3.3 Project Management 40
3.4 System Management 41
3.5 Station Management 43
3.6 Line Management 43
3.7 Device Management 44
3.8 Records 50
3.9 Calculating the Fault Location 54

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3.1 Elements in the Travelling Wave Explorer

3.1 Elements in the Travelling Wave Explorer

In the Travelling Wave Explorer program, organize 7SE20 devices into systems and assign them stations and
lines.

Project
A project comprises several systems, stations, lines between the stations, and the associated devices. For a
project, Travelling Wave Explorer creates a file in .twe format on the PC. This file is used to store all data
about the systems, stations, lines, and devices. When using Travelling Wave Explorer for the first time, create
a new project.
A new project always consists of a system with 2 stations, each with a device 7SE20 and a line.

System
A system comprises all associated stations and lines of a voltage level. It comprises at least 2 stations, one line,
and 2 devices. In the System settings tab, enter the name of the line system and the voltage level.

Station
The station specifies the place where the devices are installed. A station consists of at least one device. In the
Station settings tab, enter the name of the station.

Line
A line connects 2 stations. In the Line tab, enter the technical data of the line. For fault location, enter the
line length in km and the propagation velocity of the wave cw in km/s. Assign one device to each of the two
line ends.

Device
The Device is a 7SE20 device. An outgoing line is assigned to each device. In the Device tab, enter all
parameters for the specified device.

3.2 Installation and Uninstallation

Installation
To install the Travelling Wave Explorers, the following prerequisites apply:

• The installation package with the .msi format has been loaded from SIOS.

• Administration rights are required for installation.

• The UDP and TCP protocols are permitted in the Firewall of the operating system for communication for
the Travelling Wave Explorer.
² Start the installation package.
² Follow the instructions displayed regarding the license agreement.
² Select a suitable storage location for Travelling Wave Explorer. The default installation path is
C:\Program Files\Siemens\Travelling Wave Explorer.

NOTE

i When installation is started, a dialog field with the security function of the operating system will be
displayed in the background. To continue installation, authorize the function.

The entry Travelling Wave Explorer is located in the Siemens folder in the start menu. This folder also
contains the entry Uninstall Travelling Wave Explorer.

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3.3 Project Management

Uninstalling
To uninstall the Travelling Wave Explorers, the following prerequisites apply:

• Administration rights are required for uninstallation.

• No instances of the Travelling Wave Explorer are active.

² Select the Uninstall Travelling Wave Explorer entry in the start menu.
- or -
² In the System Settings, under Adding or Removing Programs, select the Travelling Wave Explorer
program. Select the Uninstall button.
² Follow the instructions displayed.

NOTE

i During uninstallation, the Travelling Wave Explorer is removed. The project files and settings are retained.

² If the Travelling Wave Explorer is active during uninstallation, a dialog field will be displayed. Select
whether to close the processes automatically, continue uninstalling, or cancel uninstalling. Unsaved
project settings of running processes may be lost.

Reinstalling the Travelling Wave Explorers

² To reinstall the Travelling Wave Explorer or perform a software update, install the new version of the
Travelling Wave Explorer program.

3.3 Project Management

3.3.1 Creating a New Project

² Start the program.

² On the start screen, select Create new project.
- or -
² If a project is open, select the menu and click New project.
A directory selection dialog is displayed.
² Navigate to the target directory.
² Assign a name for the project and confirm the selection.

3.3.2 Opening an Existing Project

² Start the program.

² On the start screen, select Open existing project.
- or -
² If a project is open, select the menu and click Open.
A file selection dialog opens.

Navigating in a File Path

² Enter the file path of the project file in the Location field.

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3.4 System Management

- or -
² In the list box, navigate to the file directory of the project file.
² Select the project file in .twe format and confirm the selection.

3.3.3 Editing a Project

² Create a new project.

- or -
² Open a project.
² Add, delete, or change elements of the project as required.
The project is marked as modified by an asterisk after the project name.
² Select Save.
The project changes are saved and the asterisk after the project name disappears.

[Sc_Save_Project, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-1 Saving a project

3.4 System Management

3.4.1 Editing a System

To edit a system, the following prerequisites must be met:

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3.4 System Management

• An existing project is open, see 3.3.2 Opening an Existing Project.

• The Devices tab is selected.

Adding a System
² Select the Add system icon.
A new system is added to the project. The System Settings tab is shown on the right-hand side.

[Sc_Add_System, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-2 Adding a system

Editing System Properties

The System Settings tab is displayed on the right-hand side.
² Assign a name for the new system.
² Set the voltage level of the system under Voltage Level.

Deleting a System
² Select a system.
² Select the Delete selected item icon.
² Confirm the selection.

[Sc_Delete_System, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-3 Deleting a system

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3.5 Station Management

3.5 Station Management

3.5.1 Editing a Station

Adding a Station
To edit a station, the following prerequisites must be met:

• An existing project is opened, see 3.3.2 Opening an Existing Project.

• The Devices tab is selected.

• At least one system is created in the project.

² Select a system.
² Select the Add station icon in the toolbar.
A new station is created. The Station Settings tab is displayed on the right-hand side.

[Sc_Add_Station, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-4 Adding a station

² Assign a meaningful name for the station. Follow the instructions in 2.6.2 Station and Device Name.

Renaming a Station
² Select the system and the station to be named.
The Station Settings are displayed on the right-hand side.
² Assign a new name for the station.

Deleting a Station
² Select a station.
² Select the Delete selected item icon.
² Confirm the selection.

3.6 Line Management

3.6.1 Editing a Line

Creating a Line
To create a line between 2 devices, the following prerequisites must be met:

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• A system has been created, see 3.4.1 Editing a System.

• 2 stations have been created in a system, see 3.5.1 Editing a Station.

• There is a device in each station of a system, see 3.7.1 Editing a Device.

• The Lines tab is selected.

² Find a system.
² Select Add Line.
The Line Settings will then open.

Editing the Line Properties

The Line Settings are displayed on the right-hand side.
² Assign a Name.
² Set the Length of the line.
² Set the Velocity of the wave on the line. The default setting for the name is Line 1.
² To add devices to the configured line, select a device for each end of the line in the selection list
displayed.

Renaming a Line
² Select a line.
The Line Settings are displayed on the right-hand side.
² Assign a new name for the line.
The name is displayed in the Lines tab. The changed project is marked as modified.

Deleting a Line
² Select a line.
² Select the Delete selected item button.
² Confirm the selection.

3.7 Device Management

3.7.1 Editing a Device

To edit a device, the following prerequisites must be met:

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• An existing project is opened, see 3.3.2 Opening an Existing Project.

• The Devices tab is selected.

• There is at least one system and one station in the project.

Adding a Device
² Select a system and the station to which you wish to add the device.
² Select Add device.

[Sc_Add_Device, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-5 Adding a device

A new device is created. The Device Settings tab is displayed on the right-hand side. Initially, only parameters
Name and IP address are displayed.

[sc_Device_Settings_IP_only, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-6 Establishing a connection to the device, entering the IP address

² Name the device. Follow the instructions in 2.6.2 Station and Device Name.
² Specify the IP address of the device for which you wish to set parameters. In the delivery status, the IP
address of the device is 172.16.60.60.
The Travelling Wave Explorer now automatically connects to the device and displays all parameters of the
device.

Renaming the Device

² Select the system, station, and the device to be named.
² Enter the new name of the device.
² To apply the name, press Enter or click in another area of the Travelling Wave Explorer.
In the Device tab and the Lines tab, the new device name is displayed under Line Settings.

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3.7 Device Management

Editing the Device Parameters

The Device Settings tab is displayed on the right-hand side. All device parameters are only displayed if the
device is online.
² Set the device parameters as described in 3.7.3.3 Editing Online Parameters.

NOTE

i For an overview of the device parameters, see 2.6 Application and Setting Notes.

Changing the IP Address

² Select the device to be assigned a new IP address.
² Change the IP address as described in 3.7.3.5 Changing the IP Address.

Deleting a Device
² Select a device.
² Select the Delete selected item button.
² Confirm the selection.

3.7.2 Restart the device

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
² Select the Restart button.
Ongoing write processes to the device are ended. During this time, no further inputs can be made.
The device is restarted.

3.7.3 Device Information

3.7.3.1 Requesting Status Information

Status information means, for example, device information, firmware information or SD card information.
The amount of status information displayed depends on whether the device is in online or offline mode.
² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
- or -
² On the left-hand edge, select the Lines tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
The parameters are displayed in the center of the window and the device status information is displayed on
the right-hand edge.
If the device is offline, the following information is displayed:

• Device and station name

• IP address and connection status

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If the device is online, the online parameters and also the following information are displayed:

• MLFB and serial number

• Firmware Version

• Capacity and free storage capacity on the SD card

• Status of time synchronization

3.7.3.2 Requesting Online Parameters

Automatic Request
² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
The device parameters are automatically requested and displayed.

Initiating Requests
You can overwrite offline parameters by requesting the current online parameters.
² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online and that there are changed online parameters.
Changed online parameters are marked as modified with an asterisk next to the parameter name.
² Select Fetch Settings.
The current device parameters are requested and displayed. Previously changed values of the online parame-
ters are overwritten and are no longer marked as modified with an asterisk in the parameter name.

3.7.3.3 Editing Online Parameters

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
² Ensure that online parameters are requested (see 3.7.3.2 Requesting Online Parameters).
² Change the online parameters as required.
All online parameters will be validated. Invalid parameters are marked with invalid and cannot be sent to the
device.
New, valid online parameters are applied and marked with modified. These can be sent to the device (see
3.7.3.4 Sending Online Parameters to the Device).

3.7.3.4 Sending Online Parameters to the Device

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.

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3.7 Device Management

² Select a device from the system navigation.

² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
² Ensure that online parameters are requested and displayed (see 3.7.3.2 Requesting Online Parameters).
² Select Transfer Settings.
All online parameters will be validated. Invalid parameters are marked with invalid and are not sent to the
device.
Valid online parameters are sent to the device. During the send process, no further inputs can be made. All
sent online parameters are marked with unmodified.

3.7.3.5 Changing the IP Address

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
² Ensure that online parameters are requested and displayed (see 3.7.3.2 Requesting Online Parameters).
² Use parameter IP address in the IP Configuration group to assign a new address for the device.
² Select Transfer Settings.
All online parameters will be validated. Invalid parameters are marked in red and are not sent to the device.
Valid online parameters are sent to the device. During the send process, no further inputs can be made. All
sent online parameters are marked as unmodified again. The connection to the device is reestablished with
the new IP address. The new IP address is copied into the current project.

NOTE

i A connection to the device is only possible with the new IP address. Make a note of the new IP Address
and store it in a safe place. Ensure that the project is saved with the Save button after the IP address is
changed.

3.7.4 Device Position

3.7.4.1 Initiating Positioning

The first time the device is used or after structural changes to the antenna, the position of the antenna must
be determined. The position is required for correct time synchronization. For more information on positioning,
see 2.4 Positioning of the Antenna.
² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
In the center of the screen, you can see the parameters of the selected device. On the right-hand side, the
status of the device is displayed along with the values of the last positioning.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
² Ensure that the process status and the last parameter values for positioning are displayed.
² Select Initiate antenna positioning process.

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The Antenna Position Determination window opens on the screen.

² Set parameter Required GNSS antenna position accuracy.
² Set parameter Minimum synchronization time for GNSS locking.
² Click OK to start the process.
² In the displayed message, confirm that the process has started.
All positioning parameters are validated.
Positioning is executed. The status of the process is displayed.
The results of the positioning are updated continuously.

3.7.4.2 Monitoring Positioning

You can check the status of an ongoing positioning process.
² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Device Settings tab.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
In the center of the window, you can see the parameters of the selected device. On the right-hand side, the
status of the device is displayed along with the values of the last positioning.
The following are displayed:
Designation Meaning Possible values
Status Time synchronization state • Locked: Valid time synchronization
• Asynchronous: Time synchronization not
possible!
Time accuracy Accuracy of the time synchroni- -
zation in ns
Positioning status Indicates whether positioning is • Valid: Position successfully determined.
currently running
• In progress: Positioning is running
• Inactive: No positioning is running
Positioning accuracy Accuracy of the determined -
position in m
Number of satellites Number of satellites -
Latitude Latitude of the position -
Longitude Longitude of the position -

The results of the positioning are updated continuously.

3.7.5 Update firmware

² From the SIOS portal (https://support.industry.siemens.com/), download the current firmware for the
device.
² Save the file with the ending .cms on your personal computer.
² Open a project.
² Select the device from the system navigation as described in 3.7.1 Editing a Device.
On the right-hand side, next to the device parameters, the device status is displayed.
² Ensure that the device connection status is online.
² Select the FW Update button.

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A file selection dialog opens.

² Enter the storage path of the firmware file in .cms format.
A window for entering the password opens.
² Enter the password. For how to change the password, refer to Changing the Firmware Password,
Page 59.
² Start and confirm the update process.
The update process is executed. The status of the process is continuously displayed in a window.
The device restarts.

NOTE

i During the firmware update, no further actions are possible until completion of the restart.

3.8 Records

3.8.1 Refreshing the Record Overview

For fault location, the data from the record overview is used. Refresh the overview of available records as
follows:
² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Device tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Record overview tab.
The overview of all records of the device is displayed.
² Select Refresh record overview.
The current device records are requested and displayed. Download the records as a COMTRADE file. The
records are saved in the project folder.

[sc_Refresh_Record_Overview, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-7 Refreshing the record overview

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3.8.2 Downloading Records

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Record Overview tab.
A list of available records for the device is displayed. If the list is empty, refresh the list, see3.8.1 Refreshing
the Record Overview.
² Select at least one fault record.
² Select Download selected record(s).

[sc_Download_Selected_Records, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-8 Downloading available records to the computer

Optionally, you can download a record via the menu at the end of the row:

² Open the right-hand menu next to the desired record.

² Select Download record.

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[sc_Menu_Download_Record, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-9 Downloading a record via the menu

The records are saved in the project folder as a COMTRADE file and are available offline. During the download
process, no further inputs can be made.

NOTE

i If the download was unsuccessful, the records will be marked with no in the Downloaded column.

3.8.3 Initiating a Test Record

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Record overview tab.
The overview of all records of the device is displayed.
² Select Initiate test record.
The test record is initiated.

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[sc_Initiate_Test_Record, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-10 Manually initiating a test record

² Wait at least 10 seconds until LED 5 SD card write and LED 6 Trigger active go out on the device.
² Click the Refresh record overview button.
The new record is displayed in the overview. The record can be downloaded and displayed in SIGRA (see
3.8.5 Opening a Record in SIGRA).

3.8.4 Displaying the File Storage Location of Records

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Record Overview tab.
The overview of all records of the device is displayed.
² Open the right-hand menu next to the desired downloaded record.
² Select Reveal in file explorer. The menu option only appears if the record has already been downloaded.
Microsoft Windows Explorer opens and the storage location of the record is displayed.

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3.9 Calculating the Fault Location

[sc_Open_File_Location, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-11 Displaying the file storage location of a record or opening the record in SIGRA

3.8.5 Opening a Record in SIGRA

The SIGRA program must be installed for the following steps.

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Devices tab.
² Select a device from the system navigation.
² Select the Record Overview tab.
The overview of all records of the device is displayed.
² Open the right-hand menu next to the desired downloaded record.
² Select Open in SIGRA. The menu option only appears if the record has already been downloaded.
SIGRA is started and the selected record is displayed.

3.9 Calculating the Fault Location

Before calculating the fault location, the Travelling Wave Explorer program searches for the matching
records from both ends of the line. The program displays the records with the trigger times and the calculated
fault location in a table. Start fault location as follows:

² Open a project.
² On the left-hand edge, select the Lines tab.
² Select a line from the system navigation.
² Select the Fault Location tab.
The overview of all records of the device assigned to the line is displayed. The records themselves do not have
to be stored on the computer.
² If not all records are displayed in the list yet, select Refresh record overview.
An overview of the records from the assigned devices is requested. Only records with associated time stamps
are displayed. Based on the time stamps, the fault location is calculated for all associated records, as described

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in 2.2 Traveling Waves, and displayed. The fault location is specified as the distance from the device in the first
column.

Example:
On December 4, 2023 at 10:03 a.m., a fault was identified on the line. This is located at a distance of
79.299 km, starting from Device 1 in Station 1.

[sc_TWE_FaultLocation, 1, --_--]

Figure 3-12 Assigning the records from both ends of the line and the position of the fault on the line

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4.1 Unpacking/Repacking a Device 57

4.2 Device Assembly 57
4.3 Antenna Assembly 58
4.4 Commissioning 59

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4.1 Unpacking/Repacking a Device

4.1 Unpacking/Repacking a Device

Devices are tested prior to delivery. Devices are packed in the factory in a way that meets the requirements of
standard ISO 2248.

Unpacking a Device
² Check the packaging for external transport damage. Damaged packaging may indicate that the devices
inside have also sustained damage.
² Unpack devices carefully; do not use force.
² Visually check the devices to ensure they are in perfect mechanical condition.
² Check the enclosed accessories against the delivery note to make sure everything is complete.
² Keep the packaging in case the devices need to be stored or transported elsewhere.
² Return damaged devices to Siemens, stating the defect. Use the original packaging or transport pack-
aging that meets the requirements of ISO standard 2248.

Repacking a Device
If you need to repack the device, proceed as follows:
² If the device is to be transported, pack it in transport packaging.
² Enclose the supplied accessories and the test certificate in the package.

4.2 Device Assembly

Installation in a 19" rack
² For the device, you will need a rack with a height of 88 mm.
² Keep a distance of more than 20 mm to the side and 15 cm to the top from neighboring devices.
² Secure the front of the device to the rack with 2 screws each on the left and right, see 2.9 Dimensions.
² For stability, secure the back of the device to the rack with rails or brackets. Fit these at the intended
locations, see Top View, Page 69

Grounding a Device
Protection class I devices must be connected to the system ground prior to commissioning.
² Ground the device with a low-impedance operating ground. Use a cross-section of ≥ 4.0 mm2, an M4
ground screw and a tightening torque of 1.2 Nm.

Connecting the Lines

! DANGER
Risk of electric shock due to live connecting cables.
Disregarding this may lead to death or severe injuries.
² Disconnect the cables and determine voltage-free status.

² Guide all connection lines to the current terminal I through the supplied ferrite core.
² Position the ferrite core close to the current terminal I.

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4.3 Antenna Assembly

² Connect the device to the current and voltage transformer of the system, as shown in A.4 Connection
Diagrams.
² Lay the communication lines separately from the operating voltage, measurement, and control lines.
² Connect the supply voltage to the device.

Performing the Electrical Inspection

Check that the device becomes ready for operation once it has been connected to the power supply.

! DANGER
Danger during electrical inspection
Failure to observe this can result in death, serious injury, or significant material damage.
² If visual inspection or measurements on the protective conductors and insulation resistances reveal
defects, disconnect the line and determine voltage-free status.

² Connect the supply voltage.

² When LED 1 RUN lights up continuously, the device is ready for operation.
² If the device does not assume the normal operating state, switch off the power supply. Disconnect the
wiring and the grounding.
² Pack this device and return it to the manufacturer, stating the defect. Use transport packaging that meets
the requirements of standard ISO 2248.

4.3 Antenna Assembly

Antenna Assembly

! DANGER
Risk of fire due to ungrounded antenna.
Disregarding this may result in fire, serious injuries, or death.
² Ground the antenna properly in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and ensure lightning
protection.

² Install the enclosed antenna in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

Connection to the Device

² Connect the antenna to the device via the SMA socket on the back of the device, see Rear View,
Page 69.
The antenna is supplied with current via the SMA socket.
² Secure the antenna on the device using the union nut. Use a 8 mm fork wrench. Note the permissible
tightening torque of 0.6 Nm for the union nut.
² If the supplied antenna cable (20 m) is not long enough, you can extend it, see Accessories, Page 70.
The maximum length of the antenna cable is 500 m.
² Position the antenna so that it has clear and direct visual contact with many satellites.

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4.4 Commissioning

NOTE

i To avoid interference signals, the antenna must be positioned at a distance from other devices and radio
systems.

4.4 Commissioning
For commissioning, the following conditions apply:

• The device is installed for stationary use, see 4.2 Device Assembly.

• The antenna is installed as described in 4.3 Antenna Assembly.

• The device is connected to the instrument transformers and the antenna.

• The Travelling Wave Explorer program is installed on your computer.

Connecting the Supply Voltage

! DANGER
Risk of electric shock due to live connecting cables.
Disregarding this may lead to death or severe injuries.
² Disconnect the cables and determine voltage-free status.

² Ensure that the supply voltage corresponds to the technical data (Supply Voltage, Page 65).
Connect the supply voltage to the device.

NOTE

i The device does not have a power on/off switch.

Switch the supply voltage on or off at the isolating device.

Connecting the Device to the Computer

² Connect the device to the computer using the Ethernet cable.
² Start the Travelling Wave Explorer program on the computer.
² Edit the device, see 3.7.1 Editing a Device. The default IP address is 172.16.60.60.

Changing the Firmware Password

² Open http://172.16.60.60/mblogin.html in a browser.
² Enter the default password Siemens1!.
² Assign a new password.
² Confirm the input.

NOTE

i Make a note of the new password and store it in a safe place. Without the password, it is not possible to
update the device firmware.

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Assembly and Commissioning
4.4 Commissioning

Setting the Device Parameters

² Configure the device parameters, see Editing the Device Parameters, Page 46. The setting values are
described in 2.6 Application and Setting Notes.

Determining the Position of the Antenna

² Start positioning of the antenna as described in 3.7.4.1 Initiating Positioning.
Depending on the setting, positioning can take up to 24 hours. During positioning, it is possible to disconnect
the computer from the device.

Triggering a Test Record

² Using the Travelling Wave Explorer program, trigger a test record, see 3.8.3 Initiating a Test Record.
² Wait at least 10 seconds until LED 5 SD card write and LED 6 Trigger active go out on the device.
² Then, in the Record Overview view, click the Refresh record overview button.
The new record will be displayed in the list.
² Open the test record in SIGRA.
In the test record, only the Trig.manual mark may be set. The current and voltage signals must be very
low and must not have any abnormal edges.

Performing a Test with Switching Operation in the Power System

² If possible, then trigger recording of traveling waves via switching operation in the power system. Check
whether the resulting edges can be seen in the record and are not clipped (see 2.6.5 Resolution and
Trigger Thresholds).
² If the edges are not displayed correctly or are clipped, check the device settings.

Integrating the Device in a Local Network

² Before connecting the device to a local network, the IP address of the device must be changed. To do
this, follow the instructions in Changing the IP Address, Page 46. Then connect the device to the local
network.

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5 Maintenance and Repair

5.1 Maintenance 62
5.2 Repair 62
5.3 Environmental Protection Hints 62

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Maintenance and Repair
5.1 Maintenance

5.1 Maintenance
Cleaning the Device

! DANGER
Risk of electric shock due to live connecting cables.
Disregarding this may lead to death or severe injuries.
² Disconnect the cables and determine voltage-free status.

² Disconnect device from the supply voltage

² Wipe the device using a clean, dry cloth. Do not use solvents.

Update firmware
² On the SIOS portal (https://support.industry.siemens.com/), check whether new firmware for the device is
available.
² Carry out the firmware update as described in 3.7.5 Update firmware.

5.2 Repair
You are not permitted to perform troubleshooting or repairs on a defective device.
² If you suspect a defect in the device, send the device to the manufacturing facility.
² Use the original transport packaging or equivalent.

5.3 Environmental Protection Hints

Disposal of Old Equipment and Batteries (Applicable only for European Union and Countries with a Recycling
System)
The disposal of our products and possible recycling of their components after decommissioning has to be
carried out by an accredited recycling company, or the products/components must be taken to applicable
collection points. Such disposal activities must comply with all local laws, guidelines and environmental
specifications of the country in which the disposal is done. For the European Union the sustainable disposal of
electronic scrap is defined in the respective regulation for "waste electrical and electronic equipment" (WEEE).
The crossed-out wheelie bin on the products, packaging and/or accompanying documents means
that used electrical and electronic products and batteries must not be mixed with normal house-
hold waste.
According to national legislation, penalties may be charged for incorrect disposal of such
waste.

By disposing of these products correctly you will help to save valuable resources and prevent any potential
negative effects on human health and the environment.

NOTE

i Our products and batteries must not be disposed of as household waste. For disposing batteries it is
necessary to observe the local national/international directives.

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 Maintenance and Repair
5.3 Environmental Protection Hints

Disposal of Mobile Storage Devices (e.g. USB Sticks and Memory Cards)
When disposing of/transferring mobile storage devices, using the format or delete functions only changes the
file management information and does not completely delete the data from your mobile storage device. When
disposing of or transferring a mobile storage device, Siemens strongly recommends physically destroying it
or completely deleting data from the mobile storage device by using a commercially available computer data
erasing software.

REACH/RoHS Declaration
You can find our current REACH/RoHS declarations at:
https://www.siemens.com/global/en/home/products/energy/ecotransparency/ecotransparency-down-
loads.html

NOTE

i You can find more information about activities and programs to protect the climate at the EcoTransparency
website:
https://www.siemens.com/global/en/home/products/energy/ecotransparency.html

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6 Packing, Storage, and Transport

Packing a Device

• If you store the device after the incoming goods inspection, it must be packed in appropriate storage
packaging.

• If you wish to transport the device, pack it in transport packaging.

Storage and Transport

NOTICE
Improper storage can cause damage to the device.
² Comply with all instructions regarding the storage area and storage temperature in order to avoid
material damage.

• Only store devices on which you have carried out an incoming inspection, thus ensuring that the
warranty remains valid.

• The storage area must be clean and dry to prevent the formation of condensation or ice.

• If the device has been in storage for more than 2 years, connect it to the supply voltage for 1 to 2 days.
This will cause the electrolytic capacitors to form on the printed circuit board assemblies again. Also do
this before planned operation of the device.

• If the device is to be shipped again, reuse the transport packaging. If other packaging is used, you must
ensure that the stresses during transport do not exceed those specified in ISO 2248. The storage packing
of the individual devices is not adequate for transport purposes.

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7 Technical Data

Supply Voltage

Direct voltage
Rated input voltage 110 V to 250 V
Admissible input voltage tolerance -10 % of the rated value
+20 % of the rated value
Alternating voltage
Rated input voltage 100 V to 230 V
Power frequency 50 Hz to 60 Hz
Admissible input voltage tolerance ± 10 %
Power
Max. power consumption 30 W

Environmental Conditions

NOTE

i Only operate the device in rooms.

Temperature specifications
Temperature during operation 0 °C to +40 °C
Temperature during transport and storage -25 °C to +85 °C
Humidity specifications
Average relative humidity ≤ 75 %
Maximum relative humidity 95 % on 30 days per year
Condensation during operation Not permitted
Condensation during transport and storage Permitted
Other environmental information
Maximum altitude above sea level 2000 m
Degree of pollution 2

Fuses

External fuse Miniature circuit breaker 6 A, characteristic C

according to IEC 60898

Degrees of Protection

Device IP20

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Technical Data

Structural Variant

Housing Stainless steel

Dimensions See 2.9 Dimensions
Weight 5.8 kg

Electrical Connections

Current inputs, I1 to I4
Overvoltage category III
Insulation Double
ISO test voltage AC 2700 V, 1 min
Current-carrying capacity For Irated = 5 A continuous, 100 ⋅ Irated for 1 s
Voltage inputs, V1 to V4
Overvoltage category III
Rated Voltage AC 125 V
Insulation Protective impedance
ISO test voltage 4 kV, surge voltage
GNSS (time sync)
Rated Voltage 3.3 V
Insulation PELV
Ethernet, USB
Rated Voltage 5.0 V
Insulation PELV
Supply Voltage
Overvoltage category II
Insulation Double
ISO test voltage DC 2 kV, 1 min

EMC – Emitted interference (according to EN 61326-1, EN 55011)

Radiated
30 MHz to 1000 MHz Class A
Line-conducted
0.15 MHz to 30 MHz Class A

NOTE

i Class A devices are devices that are suitable for use in all other areas except the residential area and such
areas as are directly connected to a low voltage supply network that (also) supplies residential buildings.

EMC – Immunity (According to EN 61326-1)

HF fields
EN 61000-4-3 3 V/m (80 MHz to 1 GHz)
3 V/m (1.4 GHz to 2 GHz)
1 V/m (2.0 GHz to 6 GHz)

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 Technical Data

Electrostatic discharge test (ESD)

EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact discharge
8 kV air discharge
Power-frequency magnetic fields
EN 61000-4-8 3 A/m
Voltage dips on supply voltage
EN 61000-4-11 0 % during 1/2 period
0 % during 1 period
70 % during 25 periods
Interruption to supply voltage
EN 61000-4-11 0 % during 250 periods
Fast transients
EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (5/50 ns, 5 kHz)
Surge voltages
EN 61000-4-5 1 kV (bal.)
2 kV (unbal.)
Line-conducted HF signals
EN 61000-4-6 3 V (150 kHz to 80 MHz)

Vibration and Shock Stress in Stationary Use

Standards Description
Vibration Test (sinusoidal) Sinusoidal 2 Hz to 9 Hz: ± 1.5 mm amplitude
IEC 60068-2-6 9 Hz to 200 Hz; 5 m/s2 acceleration
Frequency sweep 1 octave/min
20 cycles in 3 axes perpendicular to one another
Shock Test Semi-sinusoidal
IEC 60068-2-27 Acceleration 40 m/s2
Duration 22 ms
3 shocks each in both directions of the 3 axes
Seismic Tests Sinusoidal 2 Hz to 35 Hz:
IEC 60068-3-3 2 Hz to 8 Hz: ± 1 mm amplitude (horizontal axes)
2 Hz to 8 Hz: ± 2 mm amplitude (vertical axes)
8 Hz to 35 Hz: 5 m/s2 acceleration (horizontal axes)
8 Hz to 35 Hz: 2.5 m/s2 acceleration (vertical axis)
Frequency sweep 1 octave/min
1 cycle in 3 axes perpendicular to one another

Vibration and Shock Stress During Transport

Standards Description
Vibration Test (sinusoidal) Sinusoidal 2 Hz to 9 Hz: ± 3.5 mm amplitude
IEC 60068-2-6 9 Hz to 200 Hz: 10 m/s2 acceleration
200 Hz to 500 Hz: 15 m/s2 acceleration
Frequency sweep 1 octave/min
20 cycles in 3 axes perpendicular to one another
Shock Test Semi-sinusoidal
IEC 60068-2-27 Acceleration 100 m/s2
Duration 11 ms
3 shocks each in both directions of the 3 axes

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A Appendix

A.1 Figures 69
A.2 Meaning of the LEDs 70
A.3 Ordering Information and Accessories 70
A.4 Connection Diagrams 71

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 Appendix
A.1 Figures

A.1 Figures
Front View

[sc_Front_view_7SE20, 1, en_US]

Rear View

[sc_Rückansicht, 1, en_US]

Top View

[Draufsicht Montage, 1, --_--]

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Appendix
A.2 Meaning of the LEDs

A.2 Meaning of the LEDs

LED Name LED Status Meaning
1 Run off There is no supply voltage at the device.
on There is a supply voltage at the device.
2 Error off The device is ready for operation.
on The LED lights up red in the following situations:

• The device is in system startup (max. 15 s).

• The device is in the fault condition.
• The SD card is not available.
• The SD card is write-protected.
flashes No SD card is inserted.
3 SD card status LED – SD card status provides information about the fill level of the SD card.
off At least 50 % of the storage capacity of the SD card is available.
on 50 % to 80 % of the storage capacity of the SD card is filled with fault
records.
flashes More than 80 % of the storage capacity of the SD card is filled with
fault records. The SD card must be replaced.
4 SD card read off No read access to the SD card
on Read access to the SD card is running
5 SD card write off No write access to the SD card
on Write access to the SD card is running
6 Trigger active off No trigger is currently active
on A trigger is active, a fault record is being written to the SD card.
7 GNSS locked off Positioning has not yet been completed. No position is saved in the
device. If the LED goes out during operation, the quality of the GNSS
signal has deteriorated.
flashes Positioning has not yet been completed. Time synchronization is
possible.
on Positioning has been completed and the position data is saved in the
device. The GNSS signal is available.
8 Sync – 1 PPS off The device is not yet synchronized or synchronization is no longer
possible due to the loss of the GNSS signal.
flashes The LED flashing in a second rhythm indicates the PPS signal.

A.3 Ordering Information and Accessories

Order number

Description Order number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Travelling Wave Recorder 7SE20, antenna incl. 20 m antenna cable 7 S E 2 0 1 1 – 1A A 1 2

Accessories

Description Order number

Antenna cable extension, 20 m C53207-A430-D280-1
SDHC memory card for 7KE85 P1Z2530

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A.4 Connection Diagrams

A.4 Connection Diagrams

The following figures show the respective typical types of connection for current and voltage measurements.
Connection of the V4 transformer is optional.

[dw_type-of-connection-current_7SE20, 1, en_US]

Figure A-1 Connection for current measurement

[dw_type-of-connection-voltage_7SE20, 1, en_US]

Figure A-2 Connection for voltage measurement

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Glossary

COMTRADE
COMTRADE is a file format for storing oscillography and status data associated with transient faults in the
electricity-supply system.

GLONASS
Global Navigation Satellite System

GNSS
Global Navigation Satellite System

GPS
Global Positioning System

PPS
Pulse Per Second

SIGRA
SIGRA is licensed software for the evaluation of fault records.

SIOS
Siemens Industry Online Support

TCP
Transmission Control Protocol

UDP
User Datagram Protocol

VPN
Virtual Private Network

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