0% found this document useful (0 votes)
174 views15 pages

Solved Problems Ch4 Bernoulis Eq

Uploaded by

Muhammad Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
174 views15 pages

Solved Problems Ch4 Bernoulis Eq

Uploaded by

Muhammad Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

CHAPTER 5.

ENERGY EXAMPLE 1

Water flows steadily from one location to another in the inclined


ppipe
p shown in the figure
g below. At one section, the static ppressure
is 12 psi. At the other section, the static pressure, is 5 psi. Which
way is the water flowing? Explain.

Apply the ENERGY Equation between points A and B.


Assume the FLOW IS UP.

pB VB2 pA V A2
  zB   z A  hL
J 2g J 2g
VB VA
zB 10 ft ; z A 0

1
pB VB2 pA V A2
  zB   z A  hL
J 2g J 2g
VB VA
zB 10 ft ; z A 0
pA pB
hL   zB
J J
12 psi 5 psi
hL   10 ft
J J
7 psi
hL  10 ft
J
7 lb ( ft 3 )(144 in 2 )
hL  10 ft
in 2 (62.4 lb)( ft 2 )
hL 16.15 ft  10 ft plus 6.15 ft
THUS UP

Apply the ENERGY Equation between points B to A

Thus the flow is down.


pA V A2 pB VB2
  zA   z B  hL
J 2g J 2g
VB V A
zB 10 ft ; z A 0

2
pA V A2 pB VB2
  zA   z B  hL
J 2g J 2g
VB VA

pB pA
zB 10 ft ; z A 0
hL   zB
J J
5 psi 12 psi
hL   10 ft
J J
 7 psi
hL  10 ft
J
 7 lb ( ft 3 )(144 in 2 )
hL  10 ft
in 2 (62.4 lb)( ft 2 )
hL 16.15 ft  10 ft plus  26.15 ft
THUS UP

CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 2

The pump shown in the Figure below adds 20 kW of power to


the flowing water. The only energy loss is that which occurs
across the filter at the inlet of the pump. Determine the head loss
for this filter.

· (1) · (2)

3
pump adds
20 kW
· (1) · (2)

Apply the ENERGY Equation between points 2 and 1.


FLOW IS RIGHT TO LEFT. ASSUME no other losses.
2 2
p2 V p1 V
 2  z2  1  z 1  hs  h L
J 2g J 2g
§ p1 p 2 · § V1 V2 ·
2 2

hL ¨¨  ¨
¸¸  ¨  ¸  z 1  z 2  hs
J J ¸
© ¹ © 2 g 2 g ¹

pump adds
20 kW
· (1) · (2)

z2 z1 W shaft
net in
hs
p1 20kPa; p2 0 JQ
20 x 10 3 N m / s
Q 0.05 m 3 / s (9.8 x 10 3 ) N / m 3 (0.05 m 3 / s)
V1 6.37 m / s
A1 (S / 4)(0.1 m) 2 40.8 m
3
Q 0.05 m / s
V2 25.5 m / s
A2 (S / 4)(0.05 m) 2

4
pump adds
20 kW
· (1) · (2)

§ p1 p2 · § V1 V2 ·
2 2
hL ¨¨  ¸¸  ¨¨  ¸  z1 z 2  hs
¸
© J J ¹ © 2 g 2 g ¹
§ p1 · § V1 V2 ·
2 2

hL ¨
¨¨ ¸¸  ¨  ¸  hs
J ¸
© ¹ © 2 g 2 g ¹

§  20 x10 3 N / m 2 · § (6.37 m / s ) 2 (25.5 m / s ) 2 ·


hL ¨¨ 3 3 ¸
¸  ¨
¨ 2
 ¸  40.8 m
2 ¸
© 9.8 x10 N / m ¹ © 2 (9.81 m / s ) 2 (9.81 m / s ) ¹
hL  2.04 m  2.07 m  33.14 m  40.8 7.69 m

CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 3

A pump transfers water up-hill from one large reservoir to


another, as shown in ppart ((a)) of the Figure
g below. The difference
in elevation between the two reservoirs is 100 ft. The friction loss
in the piping is given by KLV 2/(2g), where V is the mean velocity
in the pipe and KL is the friction loss coefficient, which is
considered constant. The relationship between the total head
increase provided by the pump (H) and the flowrate, Q, through
the pump is given in part (b) of the Figure below. If KL = 40, and
the pipe diameter is 4 inches (ID), what is the flow rate through
the pump?

5
(2) hL= KLV 2/(2g); KL = 40
·
pipe ID = 4 in
(1) FIND Q flow rate
·
H2 H1  hs  hL
2 2
p2 V2 p1 V1
  z2   z1 hs  hL
J 2g J 2g
p2 0; p1 0; V2 0; V1 0
hs z 2  z1  hL 100 ft  hL EQ 1

(2) hL= KLV 2/(2g); KL = 40


·
(1)
· hL
KL V 2 K L (Q / A) 2 K L (Q) 2
2 g (S / 4)( D 2 )
2
2g 2g
40 (Q) 2 ( ft 3 / s ) 2
hL
2 (32.2) ft / s 2 (S / 4)(4 / 12 ft ) 2 )
2

hL 81.6 Q 2 feet EQ 2

from the pump curve

hp = 200-100 Q EQ 3

6
hs hp 100 ft  hL EQ 1

hL 81.6 Q 2 feet EQ 2

hs = hp = 100 + 81.6 Q2

hp = 200-100 Q EQ 3

200 - 100 Q = 100 + 81.6 Q2

81.6 Q2 + 100 Q -100 = 0


 100 r (100) 2  4 (81.6)(100)
Q
2(81.6)
 100 r 42,640
Q 0.653 ft 3 / s
163.2

CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 4

The pump shown in the


(2) ·
Figure
g adds 1.6 horsepower
p pump adds
to the water when the 1 6 hp
1.6 h
flowrate is 0.6 ft3/s. Q = 0.6 ft3/s
Determine the head loss (1)
between the free surface in
the large, open tank and the ·
top of the fountain (where
the velocity is zero).

7
CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 4

The pump shown in the


(2) ·
Figure
g adds 1.6 horsepower
p pump adds
to the water when the 1 6 hp
1.6 h
flowrate is 0.6 ft3/s. Q = 0.6 ft3/s
(1)
W shaft
hs
JQ
net in ·
1.6hp (550 ft x lb / s ) / hp
(62.4lb / ft 3 )(0.6 ft 3 / s )
23.5 ft

(2)
·
Q = 0.6 ft3/s p2 V2
2
p1 V1
2

  z2   z 1  hs  h L
pump adds J 2g J 2g
1.6 hp
p p2 p1 0; V2 V1 0; z 2 24 ft ; z1 8 ft
(1)
·
thus hL z1  z 2  h s 8 ft  24 ft  hs

thus hL z1  z 2  hs 8 ft  24 ft  23.5 ft
hL 7.5 ft
Some of this head loss may occur in the pipe and some in
the water jet as in interacts with the surrounding air.

8
CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 5
(1)
A hydroelectric power plant ·
operates
p under the
conditions illustrated in the
Figure. The head loss hL= 20 m
associated with flow from
the water level upstream of
the dam, section (1), to the ·
turbine discharge at
atmospheric pressure,
(2)
section (2), is 20 m. How
much power is transferred
from the water to the
turbine blades?

(1)
·
hL= 20 m

·
(2)
H2 H 1  hs  h L
2 2
p2 V p1 V1
 2  z2   z 1  hs  h L
J 2g J 2g
p 2 0; p1 0; V1 0; z 2 0
2
V2
hs  z1  hL
2g

9
(1)
·
hL= 20 m

·
(2)
2
V2
hs  z1  h L
2g
z1 100 m; V2 2 m / s
(2 m / s ) 2
hs  100 m  20 m
2 (9.81 m / s 2 )
hs 0.204 m  100 m  20 m 79.8 m

(1)
·
hL= 20 m

·
(2)

W shaft  hs J Q
net in

 (79.86 m) (9.8 x 10 3 ) N / m 3 (30 m 3 / s )


 23.48 x 10 6 N m / s 23.48 MW Turbine

10
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.24
An axial-flow ventilating fan 0.4 kW to the
driven by a motor that delivers fan blades
0.4 kW of power to the fan
blades produces a 0.6-m
diameter axial stream of air
having a velocity of 12 m/s. The
flow upstream has a negligible
speed.
Find. Determine how much of
the
h workk to the
h air
i actually
ll
produces useful effects, that is
fluid motion and a rise in
available energy. Estimate the
mechanical efficiency of this fan. NOT THE MOTOR

CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.24


0.4 kW to the
fan blades

2 2
p2 V p1 V
 2  z2  1  z 1  hs  h L
J 2g J 2g
p2 p1 0
z2 z1 0
V1 0
2
V2 (12 m / s ) 2
thus hs  hL 7.342 m
2g 2 (9.807 m / s 2 )

11
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.24
0.4 kW to the
Q VA 12 m / s (S / 4)(0.6m) 2
fan blades
Q 3.393 m 3 / s
J air 12.06 N / m 3

W shaft
also (hs  hL )
net 0 ut

JQ
thus W shaft J Q ( hs  h L )
nett 0 utt

power out W shaft 12.06 N / m 3 (3.393 m 3 / s )(7.342 m)


Effic = net 0 ut
power in
W shaft 300 N m / s 300 W 0.3 kW
300 W net 0 ut
Effic = = 75 %
400 W

CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25


The pump shown
adds 10 horsepower
as it pumps from the
lower lake to the
upper lake. The pump adds
elevation difference 10 hp
between the two
hL = 15 ft
lakes is 30 ft and the
head loss is 15 feet.
Find
i Determine
i
a. The flow rate.
b. The power loss
associated with
this flow.

12
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25

pump adds
dd
10 hp
H2 H1  hs  hL hL = 15 ft
2 2
p2 V2 p1 V1
  z2   z1 hs  hL
J 2g J 2g
p2 0; p1 0; V1 0; V 2 0
hs hL  ( z 2  z1 )
hs 15 ft  (30 ft ) 45 ft

CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25


W shaft
net in
hs
JQ
§ 550( ft lb / s ) ·
10 hp ¨¨ ¸¸ pump adds
dd
hs © hp ¹ 10 hp
(62.4 lb / ft 3 ) (Q) ft 3 / s
hL = 15 ft
88.14
hs feet
Q

88.14
hs feet 45 feet
Q
Q 1.96 ft 3 / s cfs

13
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25

Find
b. The power loss
associated with this pump adds
dd
flow. 10 hp

W loss J hs Q hL = 15 ft
(62.4 lb / ft 3 )(15 ft )(1.96 ft 3 / s )hp
W loss
550 ft lb / s
W loss 3.34 hp (of the 10 hp added )

CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25

14
CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 5.22

The waterfall involves steady flow from one large body of water
to another, Determine the water temperature
p change
g associated
with this flow.

T2-T1 = 0.54ºR

CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 5.22

T2-T1 = 0.54ºR
Takes considerable change in
potential energy to produce even a
small increase in temperature.

15

You might also like