Solved Problems Ch4 Bernoulis Eq
Solved Problems Ch4 Bernoulis Eq
ENERGY EXAMPLE 1
pB VB2 pA V A2
zB z A hL
J 2g J 2g
VB VA
zB 10 ft ; z A 0
1
pB VB2 pA V A2
zB z A hL
J 2g J 2g
VB VA
zB 10 ft ; z A 0
pA pB
hL zB
J J
12 psi 5 psi
hL 10 ft
J J
7 psi
hL 10 ft
J
7 lb ( ft 3 )(144 in 2 )
hL 10 ft
in 2 (62.4 lb)( ft 2 )
hL 16.15 ft 10 ft plus 6.15 ft
THUS UP
2
pA V A2 pB VB2
zA z B hL
J 2g J 2g
VB VA
pB pA
zB 10 ft ; z A 0
hL zB
J J
5 psi 12 psi
hL 10 ft
J J
7 psi
hL 10 ft
J
7 lb ( ft 3 )(144 in 2 )
hL 10 ft
in 2 (62.4 lb)( ft 2 )
hL 16.15 ft 10 ft plus 26.15 ft
THUS UP
· (1) · (2)
3
pump adds
20 kW
· (1) · (2)
hL ¨¨ ¨
¸¸ ¨ ¸ z 1 z 2 hs
J J ¸
© ¹ © 2 g 2 g ¹
pump adds
20 kW
· (1) · (2)
z2 z1 W shaft
net in
hs
p1 20kPa; p2 0 JQ
20 x 10 3 N m / s
Q 0.05 m 3 / s (9.8 x 10 3 ) N / m 3 (0.05 m 3 / s)
V1 6.37 m / s
A1 (S / 4)(0.1 m) 2 40.8 m
3
Q 0.05 m / s
V2 25.5 m / s
A2 (S / 4)(0.05 m) 2
4
pump adds
20 kW
· (1) · (2)
§ p1 p2 · § V1 V2 ·
2 2
hL ¨¨ ¸¸ ¨¨ ¸ z1 z 2 hs
¸
© J J ¹ © 2 g 2 g ¹
§ p1 · § V1 V2 ·
2 2
hL ¨
¨¨ ¸¸ ¨ ¸ hs
J ¸
© ¹ © 2 g 2 g ¹
5
(2) hL= KLV 2/(2g); KL = 40
·
pipe ID = 4 in
(1) FIND Q flow rate
·
H2 H1 hs hL
2 2
p2 V2 p1 V1
z2 z1 hs hL
J 2g J 2g
p2 0; p1 0; V2 0; V1 0
hs z 2 z1 hL 100 ft hL EQ 1
hL 81.6 Q 2 feet EQ 2
hp = 200-100 Q EQ 3
6
hs hp 100 ft hL EQ 1
hL 81.6 Q 2 feet EQ 2
hs = hp = 100 + 81.6 Q2
hp = 200-100 Q EQ 3
7
CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 4
(2)
·
Q = 0.6 ft3/s p2 V2
2
p1 V1
2
z2 z 1 hs h L
pump adds J 2g J 2g
1.6 hp
p p2 p1 0; V2 V1 0; z 2 24 ft ; z1 8 ft
(1)
·
thus hL z1 z 2 h s 8 ft 24 ft hs
thus hL z1 z 2 hs 8 ft 24 ft 23.5 ft
hL 7.5 ft
Some of this head loss may occur in the pipe and some in
the water jet as in interacts with the surrounding air.
8
CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 5
(1)
A hydroelectric power plant ·
operates
p under the
conditions illustrated in the
Figure. The head loss hL= 20 m
associated with flow from
the water level upstream of
the dam, section (1), to the ·
turbine discharge at
atmospheric pressure,
(2)
section (2), is 20 m. How
much power is transferred
from the water to the
turbine blades?
(1)
·
hL= 20 m
·
(2)
H2 H 1 hs h L
2 2
p2 V p1 V1
2 z2 z 1 hs h L
J 2g J 2g
p 2 0; p1 0; V1 0; z 2 0
2
V2
hs z1 hL
2g
9
(1)
·
hL= 20 m
·
(2)
2
V2
hs z1 h L
2g
z1 100 m; V2 2 m / s
(2 m / s ) 2
hs 100 m 20 m
2 (9.81 m / s 2 )
hs 0.204 m 100 m 20 m 79.8 m
(1)
·
hL= 20 m
·
(2)
W shaft hs J Q
net in
10
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.24
An axial-flow ventilating fan 0.4 kW to the
driven by a motor that delivers fan blades
0.4 kW of power to the fan
blades produces a 0.6-m
diameter axial stream of air
having a velocity of 12 m/s. The
flow upstream has a negligible
speed.
Find. Determine how much of
the
h workk to the
h air
i actually
ll
produces useful effects, that is
fluid motion and a rise in
available energy. Estimate the
mechanical efficiency of this fan. NOT THE MOTOR
2 2
p2 V p1 V
2 z2 1 z 1 hs h L
J 2g J 2g
p2 p1 0
z2 z1 0
V1 0
2
V2 (12 m / s ) 2
thus hs hL 7.342 m
2g 2 (9.807 m / s 2 )
11
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.24
0.4 kW to the
Q VA 12 m / s (S / 4)(0.6m) 2
fan blades
Q 3.393 m 3 / s
J air 12.06 N / m 3
W shaft
also (hs hL )
net 0 ut
JQ
thus W shaft J Q ( hs h L )
nett 0 utt
12
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25
pump adds
dd
10 hp
H2 H1 hs hL hL = 15 ft
2 2
p2 V2 p1 V1
z2 z1 hs hL
J 2g J 2g
p2 0; p1 0; V1 0; V 2 0
hs hL ( z 2 z1 )
hs 15 ft (30 ft ) 45 ft
88.14
hs feet 45 feet
Q
Q 1.96 ft 3 / s cfs
13
CHAPTER 5. EXAMPLE 5.25
Find
b. The power loss
associated with this pump adds
dd
flow. 10 hp
W loss J hs Q hL = 15 ft
(62.4 lb / ft 3 )(15 ft )(1.96 ft 3 / s )hp
W loss
550 ft lb / s
W loss 3.34 hp (of the 10 hp added )
14
CHAPTER 5. ENERGY EXAMPLE 5.22
The waterfall involves steady flow from one large body of water
to another, Determine the water temperature
p change
g associated
with this flow.
T2-T1 = 0.54ºR
T2-T1 = 0.54ºR
Takes considerable change in
potential energy to produce even a
small increase in temperature.
15