UNIT CHANGING TRENDS

AND CAREER IN
PHYSICAL EDUCATION

CONTENIS

1.1 Concept, Aims &Objectives of Physical Education Independence Career Options in Physical Education
1.2 Development of Physical Education in India - Post and Sports Equipment, Technological Advancements
Wearable Gears
1.3 Changing Trends in Sports- Playing Surface,
1.4 Career Options in Physical Education
1.5 Khelo-India and Fit-India Program
INTRODUCTION
whether in a game or education. As the time passes new
Change is the law of nature. Changes are always welcomed
techniques and trends take place. Consequently, the level of the game and players improved. It is our duty to stay up-dated
changes and also it is necessary for teachers to be sure of adoping the latest techniques if there are any and are
with the times man needed Physical Education to stay alive. He used
to
if they seem to be beneficial for the students. In ancient the civilization kept
lions as he had no home or shelter. As
the wild animals. Many a times, he stayed in the caves of
about the concept of Physical Education. Some called it body
hunt
on changing, different people developed diferent opinions
culture and some named it health and education recreation. But in the present context, the effort of imparting education
today Physical Education is an integral part of
through physical activities is called Physical Education. It can be said that includes both body and mind.
education. Physical education aims at an overall development of human being, which
EDUCATION
1,1 CONCEPT, AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL
Meaning of Physical Education
Physical Education is a never ending learning process or "phenomenon'"?
It has its roots in ancient times, i.e., primordial, where it was used in
different forms and purposes like searching for food, hunting or protection
from wild animals, etc.
In ancient times, man needed Physical Education to stay alive.
Ancient Greek philosophers, Aristotle, Plato and Socrates emphasized
on physical training for youngsters. As the civilization kept on changing,
diferent people developed opinions about the concept of Physical
Education. In present context, the effort of imparting education through
physical activities is called Physical Education. In reality, Physical sOF PersiCAL EoucATON
Education is an integral part of education. The word 'physical' means body,
whereas education means modification of behaviour. Physical Education, thus means "Education through the medium of
physical activities". Physical Education comprises of learning motor skills such as catching, running, throwing, climbing as
well asmastery in skills of games and sports like Kabaddi, Kho-kho, Cricket, Hockey, Football, Athletics etc.
(1)
 ATextbook of Physical Education-X1
Changing Trends and Career in Physical Educatton
being, which incudes both body and mind. Through
developinent of human courage. mutual respect and sportsman spirit.
edocation aims at overall cooperation,
game, Aims and Objectives of Physical Education
Physical leadership,
the valoes of means making an individual phvsically
orts shadents learn partafedctional process The aim of Physical Education is the wholesome development of individual whichspiritually
NCERT and UCC uplifted
education system designed by the
iary bo Fgher ure ft, mentally alert, emotionally balanced, socially wel adjusted, morally true and
Definitions:
are fnctional in lndia. should be to make a child mentally, physically
NcenlSboerts Federations Association an autonomous body of Ministry of Youth
and Sports According to the Ministry of Education-"The aim of Physical Educationsocial traits, live in company of others happily
develop personal and
end y the lndian Opie
eflodia and emotionally healthy and strong so that helshe may
ste NOT a National Sports Federatinn and become a good citizen.
gis theony odministrotive body and skilled leadership, adequate facilities and ample
shed into four main coetegories According to J.F. Williams-"Physical education should aim to provide are physically wholesome, mentally stimulating and
grass-root level and the groups to participate in activities that
igted to develop sparts culture from the time for the individual be selected for the personality which are beneficial for
health.
oers l6 indian troditional and imodern games socialy sound. According to him, only those activities should all-round development of an individual. The means and ways
The aim of Physical Education is the ultimate one, i.e., are:
Germany, where Physial Education was an integral objectives and these
we adopt to achieve our aim are called
startedin the I8th century in part Mental development " Social development
Modetn Pysical Eucion manychanges havetaken place and various aspects haveemerged with time such as " Physical development
Spiritual development
Since then, adventuroussports like Mountaineering, River Rafting, amping
afthe school curilum physial activities and
Emotional development
healty diet healthy esyie ALL ROUND
Suing, et DEVELOPMENT
Definltions of Physical Education organisations,
ways by different experts and
Physical edtcation is defined in many Physical
Spritual
which are as follows phase of education Development
Hetherington, Physical education is that musde activities. Developrment Emotional
Mental
Aenonding to Clark W of children in big Ancient Physical Education Social Development
orgamisationand leadership Development
which is cancEed i the as per the social standards Modern Physical Education Development
inherent in the activities
t pair the dpmotandadstments Clark W. Hetherington
s ha se dctimal processmy g om without any hamáicap. change in the CC Cove! Aim and Objectives of Physical Education
Pysical education s the social process of
Aoconding to CC Coved, Roselind Cassidy
fros the stimulss of the big muscle play Physical Education is physical
1. Physical Development: The main objective ofseveral physical activities. When
bolevtorefhamas vih originates primarily Delbert Oberteufer
dted atyte JE Wlliam development. Physical education is related to
the sum of changes in an systems-blood circulation,
Acconding to Rosclind Cassidy, Pysical zdacation is JB. Nash we do any physical activity, it affects our diífferent body results in the
inil ced by eperience centring motor actiy CABPER respiratory system, muscular system, digestive system, etc. It
those experiences development of the size and shape of organs. It helps in making body healthy
Actording b Dlbert Oberteuffer's Physical edaucation is the suam of Charies AButcher
and strong. If our body systems are fine and healthy, only then we shall be
able
wick commeu the indvin trough movemonts Ministry of Education
sum of marn's Al Round Developrment to do our work efficiently and be safe from several disease like high blood PcaDeieLOPENTS

Acconding LE Wiam and CL Brownell, Physical education is the Spiritual Derelopment pressure, diabetes, obesity and arthritis. For e.g., running increases the heart
pyical ctves sdlected as to bind and comducted as to outoomes Career option rate which helps the blood to flow efficiently through the whole body.
Acuording to LB. Nash, Pysical educntion is that phase of the whole field of education n teoching sector
2. Mental Development: This objective is related to mental development. There
that denls witt big masde actiyities and their related respomses. In training sector should be some activities in Physical Education to keep our brain alert and
Acoarding to Central Advisory Board of Physial Education and Recreation In performance sector concentrated. Now-a-days, Physical Education is not only related to physical
(CABPER, oical edcto is the education through physical actiities for the development Industrial sector exercises but it also includes rules of game, principles, structures of body.
fthe whale persomlity of the child to its fulliness and perfection in mind, body and soul. Heafth related sector balanced diet, healthy and disease free body, personal cleanliness, etc. These
Accanding to Charles ABetcher, "Physical Education is an integral part of total Sports Psychologist physical activities sharpen the brain. By taking part in physical activities a person
MErTAL DEVELOP
learns to tackle various situations. Various situations in sports require the player
dacatiolprocs, and has is amfor the devdopment of physicaly, mentaly,socially and Sports Journalism
to take a prompt decision. During sports, many situations occur in which a
emionaly ft cizens trough the medium of physical activities which have been selected Sports Marketing player takes his/her self-decision. This results in their mental development and
w view to ealising these outcoms Sports ndustry decreases the stress level.
On the basis of these definitions, we can say that Physical Education is an integral Nationa Sports Federation
E Khelo-India 3. Social Development: This objective of Physical Education is related to social
part ofccation and is necesary for all is not only an eercise but the knowiedge of skills which are helpful in coordination. During acompetition, players of different
body throughbody itslf No, has been proved that the people who take part in physical
cvities reglaty,scale greater heights in their ife and succeed in achieving their aims. So, we may concude that Physical regions come together on a single platform. So, they learn cooperation, support,
Educatios is helpful in the development and esures that the individual leads a happy and successful life. respect, good sportsmanship, etc. Through these skills, players can make their
nation healthy and strong. SocL eve
 ATextbook of Physical Education-X1

4. Emotional Development: The objective of Physical Education is to make an individual emotionally developel
through physical activity. Human beings is endowed with different emotions like happiness, jealousy, hope, desn
joy, fear, loneliness, weal and woe, etc. If they do not control these emotions, then there will be no place for the
in the society, which can be harmful for them. Physical education programmes develop these emotions and teack
us to control them.

EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT SPRITUAL DEVELOPMENT

5. Spiritual Development: The objective of Physical Education for anindividual is to reflect time and again to evaluate
their experiences to allow them to build a positive mindset and promote progression.
 ATextbook of i
Physical
sellAoasnoat
Qodp Cue N, As
Code Que No, Ans
Code Que. No. Ans Code Que. No. Ans. Code
Que
Education-X BE Changing Trends and
The following Committees
Career in Physical Education
was the main reason for the
development of Physical Education:
Year of Establishment
4 5.
6 No. Ans, Name of the Committee 1948
10. 11.
12
Code S. No.
Tara Chand Commitee 1950
8 16. 17.
13 Education and Recreation
4
Central Advisory Board of Physical 1954
WORDS)
ANSWERS-I (3 MARKS, 100 Al India Council of Sports 1954
1 SNORI QUESTION 3.
National Discipline Scheme 1955
Education
QQeanytwo defnitions of Physical National Coaching Scheme (Rajkumari
Coaching Scheme) 1957
in your own words
2Wetethe concept ofPhysical EducationEducation? (CBSE. Text Book Question) National nstituteof Physical
Education 1959
evolution path of Physical (CBS.E. Text Question)
(C.B.S.E. Text Book
6
81Yhatis the 1961
better emotional development? National Fitness Corps
Q Howdoes participation in sports lead toPhysical Education. Book Question) Netaji Subhas National
Institute of Sports 1968
Q5 Gihe anytwo definitions ef the aim of 8
Education. National Sports Organization 1984
Q6 Wrte down any two objectives of Physical 9
india 1985
Q7Give any twodeinitions of the aim of Physical
Education.
10 Sports Authority of Contest 1985
coordination?
Q.8. Howoes Physical Education develop neuromuscular character building? (CB.S.E. Text Book Question) National Sports Talent
Scheme 1987
Q9. How can Physical Education contribute in moral and (CB.S.E. Text Book Question) 12 Special Area Games
Area
Q. 10. What is the role of Physical Education to produce an etective citizen for the country? (C.B.S.E. Text Book 13. Sports Project Development DR. RADHAKRISHNAN

Questien) TARA CHAND COMMITTEE THE UNIVERSITY

Q11. What is the objective of Physical Education? and Dr. Radhakrishnan's EouCATION
constituted the Tarachand Committee
The central government status of Physical Education in schools and colleges in 1948.
CoMMISsiON
Q12 What is the aim of Physical Education?
commission to improve the the development of
Q. 13. Suggest one actiyity which helps to develop interest in Physical Education. several recommendations for
make TARA CHAND
This committee was set up to the establishment of
in the country which included gave emphasis for CoMMITTEE
HI. SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS-II (5 MARKS, 200 WORDS) Physical Education and recreation recreation. This commitee 1948
Education and
Q1. Describe the meaning of Physical Education. Also mention atleast two definition of the same. central institute of Physical introduction of Post Graduate
Physical Education. The
Q.2 List the importance of Physical Education in school. (C.B.S.E. Text Book raining teachers in the field of was done by the recommendation of this committee. Akhadas.
Question) Education and
level course in Physical establish Gymnasia, Sports Clubs
Q.3. What is the nodern concept of Physical Education? (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question) committee suggested to
In addition to this the recommendations:
Q4.Jesse Feiring Willianms defined Physical Education as "the sum of man's physical activities selected as to kind. and made the following two important
The Tara Chand Committee multilateral. committee, in view of the
conducted as to outcomes" Elucidatethis defnition, andgive examples how it would be interpreted in practice o Secondary schools should be
made education structure. The
Q.5. Descritbe the main objectives of Physical Education. commission to examine the entire secondary be shown towards unilateral schoos.
o Appontment of a time also recommended that indifference should
not
Q.6 How does Physical Education contribute to an individual's development? (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question) local conditions and
Education and Recreation
EXTENSION ACTIVITY Central Advisory Board of Physical the
of Physical Education and sports,
What are the short-termand long-term efects of exercise? In order to boost up the development Board of Physical Education
Government of India set up a Central Advisory
What changes take place in your body if you exercise regularly over an extended period of time? and Recreation (1950) with the following
objectives:
Does exerciseplay an important role in a persons's life? Physical Education could be made
What physical fitness components are developed when we perform exercise? o To suggest ways and means by which
What changes occur in the heart rate and breathing? compulsory in schools and colleges. Physical Education for
Design a poster fo show the effects of exercise on the body. To formulates and recommend curricula of
different levels of education-primary, secondary and university. Central Advisory Board of
You cr use an outline of the bodyto show which parts of the body are affected, what those effects are and how qualifications of Physical Education
to maximnize beneits of exercise " To lay down norms for selection and
teachers for appointment in educational institutions. level and prepare coutseOSEE
elementary middle, high school and university
1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN INDIA POST INDEPENDENCE o To introduce Physical Education at
accordingly.
With the achievement of Independence in 1947, India made rapid progress in all aspects. In the new " Development of training for leaders.
schemne of things,
education was categorized as a state subject but union government retained overall control on it. Physical Education Introduction of scholarship for research in Physical Education.
Sports were tagged with education. and o Giving financial assistance to the colleges of Physical Education. training Physical Education in the Colleges.
the quality of
After the Independence, there were two events which were significant in the history of o It also suggested the ways and means of improving and girls
physical education in India inclusion of two syllabi of Physical Education for boys
are hrstly India participated in the 1948 London Olympics as a free nation and
secondly frst Asian Games were organised o Most important contribution of the board was
in New Delhi in 19S1. separately up to the higher secondary stage.
 ATextbook of Physical Education-XI

ALL INDIA COUNCIL OF SPORTs NGIL

FORSPOR Changing Trends and Career in Physical Education

a August, 1954 aconference of the NSFS under the chairmanship of Maulana Abul RIS National Fitness Corps NCF
Kalan Azad, the then Minister for Education, resolved to recommended to central The Government of indian appointed aco-ordination committee in 1959 under KARATHA
the chairmanship of Dr. H. Nath Kunzru with a view to examine the existing
goverment to create abody which would streamline working fo the NSF'S, and coordinate schemes of Physical Fitness, Physical Education, Recreation, Discipline etc.
the etfot towards development of competitive sports. As a follow-up action to the
Resolution, the Govt of India constittuted All lndia Council of Sports in November, " Every student was encouraged to take up atleast one optional item
I94 and impressed upon the States and the Union Teritories to likewise constitute the such as scouting, sports, drama, music, ec.
tate sports councils The following specifc objectives of the A.l.C.S. were enumerated o After the new programme is introduced, NDS, ACC etc. should cease
in the notiication. ICSE to exis as separate entities.
To serve as a link between the NSFs and Central Government. " All leadership cadres, after crash reorientation training courses, must
work for the success of the new programme.
10 suggest to the government ways and means to raise the standard of games and sports. " NCCshould continue at the college level only.
To encourage International exposure for National teams and concentrate on sports excellence. activites on voluntary basis.
To recommend conferment of 'Arjuna Award (the highest national honour for sports excellence) to sports o Scouting and Girls Guides should be encouraged as extra curricular
in each sport every year. person. School children must put on smart school uniform during school hours.
integration programmes.
Students should be encouraged to take part in singing of emotional and National
followed by other community songs. Students
National Discipline Scheme " The school-work should begin with the singing of the National Anthem
The National Discipline Scheme was a brain-child of J.K. Bhonsle who aimed in developing physical should learn how to honour and hoist the National Flag.
dedication and devotion He formed NDS on 24th July 1954 to build a strong youth of the nation who training, discipline " Intramural sports must be compulsory and house-system is
strengthened. Inter-university sports and festivals must
in the times of emergency. can serve the country
be encouraged.
The main features of NDS are following: Netají Subhas Natíonal Institute of Sports
NDS emphasis on mass participation. Everyone has to learn all the acivities without any The NIS was formed in the year 1961 at Patiala. The objective of this
institute was to SA
exception.
The activities includes different drills, marching, lezium, folkdance, singing. gVmanstics could be performed in laros develop sports in avery systematic &scientifc manner. The institute was renamed a
numbers with perfection. Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports in 1973.
There was a lot of efforts made on indigneous activities like Kho-kho, Kabaddi, Malkhamb, Lezium, etc. The main aim of forming this institute was to enhance the standard of coaches
sports.
the inservice training and refresher courses were a compulsory for all the instructors of Physical Education. in various sports. The institute named as a centre of information on
National Coaching Scheme o This institution proved in producing & popularizing sports literature.
participate at the
" This institute aims in encouraging the National teams to
in 1955, the Government, of India introduced the Rakumari Amrit Kaur sports coaching scheme as ameasure of improving International Level.
the peroformance of the India sportsperson. In the absence of certifed coaches, the coaching work was carried out b o To groom the sports Talent in the country.
famous old times like Maj. Dhyan Chand, A.G. Ram Singh etc. Afew foreign coaches were also appointed on contract SPORTS AUTHORITY OF INDIA
basis. Periodic need-based coaching camps were held at various places. Short term coaching camps for school and college
teacher were also conducted.
Introduction
The salient features of NCS are following: The Sports Authority of India, was founded by the Government of India on
The main aim of the NCS was to assist the States/UT to spot the talent. 16th March, 1984 as a Registered Society, primarily to look after the sports
NCS was very supportive for the NSF/Universities to take teams at the National and International Level. infrastructure created for the; Asiad. With the formulation of a National Policy
The Annual Coaching Camps were conducted for the preparation of their state teams.
To organise coaching cinics on regular basis.
" To develop the game at the rural level by organísing tournaments.
on Sports in August, 1984, which stressed the need for specialized scheme for
identification and nurturing of young talent and broadbasing sports in country,
the SAl received greater attention as the central agency to accomplish the task.
india
To provide foreign coaches for the refresher courses to conduct clinics for the inservice coache's.
Objectives
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OE PHYSICAL EDUCATION The two activities of the Sports Authority of India have been cited as under:
The Government of India set up a National Institute of Physical Education in 1. To promote major objectives for spreading sport consciousness;
1957 which was named as Lakshmibai College of Physical Education. Athree 2. To stress on competitive activities in collaboration with the NSFs and other allied agencies.
year degree courses was intorduced for the purpose of producing more and more Organizational Structure
Physical Education Teachers. It was renamed as Lakshmibai National College Ministers,
of Physical Education (LNCPE). The college was given a status of Autonomous The General Body of the SAI society, chaired by the Prime Minister of India, has 45 memberscomprising Union
College in 1982 and 1995, it was conferred as deemed university and was Ministers Incharge of Sports in States (five at a time by rotation), Sports Promoters, Eminent Sport Persons and Experts in
renamed as Lakshmibai National Insitute of Physical Education (LNIPE), It was Physical Education. The Governing Body of the SAI is headed by the Union Minister of Human Resource Development,
renamed as Lakshmibai National University of Physical EDucation (LNUPE) with the Union Minister of State/Deputy Minister as vice-chairman of the Governing Body. All members of the society are
in the year 2009. closely connected with promotion and administration of sports and Physical Education.
 A
Textbook of Physical Education-X1 RN
10
Functionaly the SAI
1. Academic Winghas Four WingsNIS andits Regional Centers engaged intraining of coaches and research developme
I: Comprising
B
2. inAcademic
sports. Wing : ComprisinggLNCPE, Trivandrum engaged in producing Physical Education teacherssand resear

development in Physical Education.

Wing: Guiding and controlling general sports promotion and scouting and nurturing of young tal.
3. Operational
4. and
TEAM'Ss Wing: Engaged iin long term training of elite sports persons and preparation of national teams in specif
disciplines for targeted international competition.
Main Schemes of SAI
The Sports authority of India has a number of Schemes/Programmes under its purview. Besides, it is also responsible (
implementation of various Central Schemes. Some of the Schemes/programme were initiated by the SAI, others are lepa.
from NIS/Government of India.

NATIONAL SPORTS TALENT CONTEST (NSTC)

Realising that the spiral of competitive sport in the country stands on a wide
base of talented young sports persons, the National Sport Talent Contest Scheme
OEVELOP
was introduced in 1985 with major objectives: (1) to braodbase sports at the
grass root level and (2) to scout the talent among school children who are
genetically gifted and are endowed with natural moor qualities suitable for 10
Olympic sports disciplines, viz Athletics, Badminton, Basketball, Gymanstics,
Hockey, Swimming, Table Tennis, Volleyball, Football and Wrestling.
The talent is scouted from amongst 8-14 years age group by administering a battery of physical and motor quality
tests to a large number of children. Those selected under the scheme are kept in the adopted schools and are provided fre
boarding, lodging, educaion and coaching facilities.
SPECIAL AREA GAMES (SAG) SCHEME
The Special Area Games Scheme was conceived by the SAI in 1985 with the objectives of tapping talent from areas which
presumably have either some genetic or geographic advantage for excellence in aparticular sport discipline. More specifcal
the scheme caters to scouting of natural talent from tribal, hilly, rural and coastal areas keeping in mind the physical attribute
of the people required for aparticular sport. The scouted talents are imparted scientific training in that particular sport to
meet the ever-growing requirements for achieving excellence in modern competitive sports. The sports under the Schem.
are Archery, Gymanstics, Footbal, Hockey, Shooting, Water Sports, cycling and Fencing, At the moment SAl has eleve
such centres under its direct control.

SPORTS PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AREA (SPDA)

In 1987, the Government of India decided to start SPDA Centres in all States/U'Ts which would be providing in-hous
coaching facilities for talented younsters in their respective states. The Scheme is jointly implemented by the Governmen
of India and the State governments. Each SPDA centre covers 80 to 100 developmental blocks having package with regiona
centres of the SAl at the National level and block nodal centres at grass root level. The Scheme is conceived of keeping i
mind the fact that 80% of population of India lives in rural areas. Each SPDA centre caters to a maximum of four Olympk
disciplines that has got the popularity of those disciplines in that area. In addition, one or indigenous games may als
become part of the training programme of the four Olympic disciplines at least one from amongst Athletics, Gymnastid
Swimming is to be included in the programme.
The major objectives of the Scheme are:
1. To make it possible for the Central and State Government work together for sports development through an integer efont
2. To remove regional imbalances in the development of ainfrastructure.
3. To nurture talented sport persons on a long term basis.
4. To ensure maximum utilisation of the existing facilities.
5. To make equitable distribution of the funds for development.
 fexthookof Physlcat Educston
A
13
BIt changing Trends and Career in Phyeal Etdutlon designed with specifc activities in
h, o,A
wesrable technology eamples inesde things like snart clothing These iterre can be senor that will calcate whether
Ans, Code Gie, No Ans Code shocks that are built withs textile preseure
CdeCha Nn AH Code Os No mind, For example, ruriners can invest in can take the form of evervnhing
As, Cos O N A feet. Advanced medical technology
heels or the balls of theirThere
they are striking seith their feld built into helmete
sre even hed-mouted displays that can be are nurnerous Nof
rings to sensor shirts and leegjng technology in sports
feos smart crews. The benefts of wearable
to keep race car drivers in contact with their pit but they can alse be ased to prevent injnries
R NHORT QUESTON
ANsWERS( MARKS, 100 WNORDS)
only cars they track health and tness dsta to optimize athletic perlormance, sports offciale, they can also
Independenec predicting risky movements ot patterns When used by theite sophisticated s high-end
QLht ieetbes of nie that were faroed Post by identifying danger tones and
and perfotmances Technology ii sports has grewn smartohones
8RWa et noe Natia 1pline Scheme Scheme? ensure accurscy during games, matches
measure heart rates and even deliver electrocardiogam resolts to linked
ftness products can count steps, products can do,
&Wh ethe vest eanresf natlonal Cnaching of Physical Bducation &Recreation. Boundaries of what their
Innovators are constantly pushing the
ces or CestralAdvisory Boad
C.Sports Equipment
ANSWERSW ( MARNS, 200 WORDS) performance, be
R SNORY QUESTION
lndependenec. When designing sports equipment, the design has to enhance
competitors Some of fhe
l he icnt tyes f connktees th were formed Post safer in order to beat ott previous
ser-friendly and be mentioned below
0 eshot ote National Discipline Schene improved in design have been
of physical education afer independence, equiprnents which have changed or lyers were used which made
94Ds the devlpnental process of irst profesional inititution (CBSE Text Book Question) Clothing In Swimming, earlier nylon and
less water absorbent. Now
new suits are
swimsuts to be more form-fiting and other sports new
developed to reduce drag and increase performance. In evaporation
GEARS AND SPORTS being away from the body by
2.3 CHANGINGTRENDS IN SPORTS PLAYING sURFACE, WEARABLE cdothing is being designed to wick sweat Sports Equipment
EQUIPMENT, TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS instead of absorbing it. perfect
shoes are designed to find the
Shoes: Lighter and flatter track After athletes and sports scientists have worked to
years of testing and experience, faster.
balance of optimal grip and comfort.shoes and optimal grip that allows an athlete to hit the corners harder and
APylng Surtace find the perfect blend of lightweight rackets were used. In the 1960s, metal rackets were introduced which increased
the
which became
Trogbot history, dirlerent sports are played on various surfaces. The surfaces upon Tennis Rackets: Earlier wooden
rackets became obsolete and brands instead made graphite rackets
hsch a sport is played have a significant impact on the player's experience of playing rackuet's lifespan, In the 1980s wooden
the gane. Aasy of odaykpopular sports have Malntenancebeen played for 100 years. Traditionally,
of grass surfaces involves
lighter and also improved the performance, cleats, new technology in sports equipment
has revolutionized the way that
gorts ese plased on natural grass surfaces, Protective Equipment: From helmets toHelmet manufacturers have produced helmets with technologically advanced
drterest activities including mowing, irigation, and control ofweeds, pests, and disease. manufacturers keep athletes safe from injury.
n 1960.soe sporting erganizations started using artificial pitches. Artificial plain materials to produce safe and more
comfortable helmets,
versatility of the
urtaces werecrealed with the intent of increasing the durability and indoor surface that D. Technologlcal Advancoments
playing suitaces thereby enabling multi-sport use and providing anlimited sports bodies have embraced new
downside: life, periodic
as rolatively easy to maintain. But artificial grass has itsand some heightened health and Playing Surface Technology has taken over today's moderntrack world. Many professional and amateurofficíate the games. From the wearable
world records and make it easier to
cleaning equirement, petroleum use, toxic chemicals gained recognition from several respected sporting, bodies. The areas in technology to protect athletes, engage fans,
experience at sporting events, the futureof sports is bright and increasingy
salety cocerns for children. Artificial turf hascomfort, the potential impact on players health, and the visual and physical sports technology market to the heightened fan
advancements that have been introduced are
inypeuvement is needed include players more digital. Some of the technological
which tackled, synthetic sporting surfaces will probably become
smilarties to natural pitches, Once these issues have beenThey can be used to boost players perfornmance, provide a useful given below:
pepular as their benefits will outweigh their weaknesses,
1. Insant Replay: Instant replay is an example of theremarkable technology
surface in dificut dimates and redace the cost of maintenance. being used in sports today. With thís technology, officials are able to
provides
Sports Clothing Wearable Gears and Sports Equlpment slow down and re-examine what happened during a play, whichmoments.
has touched sports
a much-needed second perspectíve for controversialcricket, rugby and
impact on almost every aspect of our society. Technology
n tecent years, techaclogy has had a gigantic wheelchairs. Technology has entirely revolutionized the desigining of equipments Instant replay is used in games like baseball, football,
everything balls, bats, reckets, skates, even soccer. It is even used in combat sports and mixed
martial arts. Technological Advancements
equipment is now more hi-tech and high-functioning.
ike shoex%, uniforms, gloves, hemets, and pads. Sporting 2. Sensor Tools: Sensor tools are often used to analyze
whether a goal is
cannot
. Wearable Gears: valid or not. They are also used in cases where the naked eye foul or
a
Technology has changed the way sports are evaluated. Today, we are not
Wearable truly tell if it went past the goal line or if a player committed
depending on haman eyes to make judgments in the games played. The rise of everything tools. For example,
other offense. Different sports use varying sensor determine
instant, if the ball
from GPs tracker to RFID chips help Sports Officials to calculate scores with sports. in crícket Hawkeye Technology analysis is used to
impartial and quantifitable data. There are many types of wearable technologies in smashed into the bat before it was caught.
Smart swatches are popular with both professional athletes and amateur fitness enthusiasts,
of calories 3. Timing System: When timing a race, the stopwatch has been replaced
and they are suitable for a wide range of activities that can keep a record by that differences in reaction
more accurate timing system; this means
consumption. step, distance. pulse, and hcart rate tracking, Other, more specialized Wearable Sports Gears time no longer affect the precision and consistency of racing events.
Sensor
 ATextbook of Physlcal Educaton X 15
Educatton
144 RRD Chips: This is one of the best examples of technology in sports. RFID chips are used to time Indlvidu BIC Changing Trends and Career in Physical
attached with wireless signals Matoh the Followlng
with built-in antennas that are answer from the code given below:
Contestants in an event. They are tiny devices long-distance races to help broadcasters and viewers trackthe Table-2 and select the correct
tracking stations RFID chips areoten used in 0. 35. Match Table-Iwith Table-2
ocation of contestants during a race. Table 1. Non-marking shoes
L Football
11. Badminton 2. Ankle High Shoes
L Basketball 3. Spikes are used
IV. Athletics 4 Studs are used
1-11-I-IV
CODE: -I-I-IV H-IH-TV
(c) 3, 1, 2, 4 () 3, 4, 2, 1
(a) 4, 2, 1, 3 (b) 4, 1, 2, 3

Self Assessmont Que. No Ans, Code

Que. No. Ans, Code Que, No. Ans, Code
Que, No. Ans, Code Que. No. Ans Code Cue. No. Ans, Code 32. 33:
30 31.
Mobile Phone 29.
Digital Media 28
35
5 Equipment Development: One of the biggest improvements in sporting technology is smart helmets. New helme 34
is able to detect and disperse force, thus decreasing the
technology offers sensor and magnet tech built-in, which ANSWERS-I (3 MARKS, 100 WORDS)
I1. SHORT QUESTION
chances of head injury. being used for different games?
Q.1. Why different playing surfaces are
o) PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1.3 Q.2. Explain the role of latest equipment in games? (CBSE. Text Book Ouestion)
Briefly explain different technologies used during officiating in Sports. (CBS.E Text Book Question)
Q.3.
and Sports Equipment
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1 MARK) Q.4. What do you think Wearable Gears (CBSE. Text Book Question)
technology in sports
Q28 .rackets are used in which of the following games. Q5. What are advantages of using
(b) Table Tennis (c) Badminton (d) Allof these ANSWERS-1 (5 MARKS, 200 WORDS)
(a) Tennis 1. SHORT QUESTION
Q. 29, Which technology is being used in cricket? Write a short note on technological development in the field of sports.
() Hockey Technology (a) None of these Q.1. (C.B.SE Text Book Question)
(a) Hawkeye Technology (6) Hif Technology Q.2. Classify various playing surfaces in sports ?
Q. 30. What is the full form of RFID chips?
(a) Radio Frequency Issuance (b) Radio Frequency ldentification
EDUCATION
(c) Radio Frequency Indication (d) None of these 1,4 CAREER OPTIONS IN PHYSICAL
(C.B.S.E. Text Book Question
Q.31. Which of the following is a natural playing surface? to teaching and training only till 1990. But now there are
(a) Cinder (b) Astroturf () Polygrass (d) Wood The opportunities in the field of Physical Education were limitedPhysical Education due to increase in interest towards training
ample employment opportunities for people in the field of
Q.32. In which of the sports is LED lights technology used? (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question) activities. There are two types of career options in Physical Education, the first is
related to
(d) Football and increase in number of
(6) Cricket () Badminton traditional careers and the second one is related to the
(a) Tennis
(C.B.S.E. Text Book Question) teaching and training of Physical Education, which is also called as Their descriptions are as follows:
Q.33. Which technology is used in following picture? careers related to health, management, sports performance and media.
(a) VAR 4. IN PERFOPMANCE RELATED 5. iu MEDIA
1. IN TEACHING 2. IN TRAINING SECTOR 3. IN HEALTH/FiTNESS StctOR
(COACHING) RELATED SECTOR SECTOR
(6) GATE SECTOR
a Sports Journalism
At Primary level &In Schools, Colleges. Sports Fitness Trainer &Professional Players
( Senso-meter Medicine Book Author
Universities
(d) GPS OFFICIAL
Sports Dietician
REVIEW
a At Middle level a Sports Psychology a Sports Planning Oficer a Sports Photography
a In Various Sports
Assertion and Reason Institutions
Sports Management a Sports Broadcasting
Q34. Read the following statensents-Asertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of thecorrect alternatives given below: a At Secondary level &Industrial Recreation Sports Nutritionist
Centres
Asertion (A): Instant replay is an example of the remrakable technology being used in sports today. At College and In Gyns as Athletic a Recreational Sports a Sports advertising
Reason (R): With this technology, offñcials are able to slow down and re-examine what happend during a play. * Sports Facility (Sports equipments
University level Management Trainer Management
In the context of above two statements, which one of the following is correct? marketing)
ta) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Teaching at other a In Schools, Colleges, Sports Fitness Trainer & Professional Players a Sports Journalism
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). Professional Universities Medicine Book Author
() (A) is true, but (R) is false. (a) (A) is false, but (R) is true, Institutions Sports Dietician
 ATetbosk ef Physica Education
B Changng Trends and Career in Phycal tdcaton pr¿t o
i productivity, which incneses te
TEACNG CAREER SECTOR In retar, Seads to an inciease ancapablities ad slties These capble peple
can be taught ha
in primry schoos becase dhildrenthat the oking capacity of their employecs
demand the peaple ho he profesioal eploes
PrimrySo Thee boii be Phsicil Bucatsoall-tound they become the compamy So, these companies people can also pay attention so the making
ecacn leas to drvdogtet of children so phbysical activities to their employees These
can give instractions related to estabishing & prugras,
P certain responsibilities, such as maing teams,
eir s ellnes and ftness This profession also bas
atime-table of program, etc
THEENIVERSTIY heart
tii) Sports Facility Management and to keep themsetes hale and
facities for people to tecreate themselves stadians
There ane organizations swhich pronidepysically ft So, they go to gymnastic dabs, bealth cdubs, sports bosse, responsibiliies
be
In today's world eveone wants to sports facilities cat carry out all the
swimming pools, etc These areas needunder facility managers The manager of responsibility is to make sure the salety of the peogle
his instructions. His main take cae
by himselfor he can keep some staff to be sure that the equipments are as per standard norms He should also
those are availing these facilities. He ás opportunities increasing in this held.
cbols, there ae
mandatory Sports activi of the safety of the people and
spectators visiting there There are many
enis of dasses67 nd 8. Bat in government schools, this subject is
Kabaddi, etc are compulsory 2. COACHING CAREER SECTOR
ics af all ma gates i Fooball, Basketball, Cricket, Kho-kho,
e lots of spportunities in the held of Physical Education in government as well as priv field of Physical Education as
work Apart from th There are job opportunities available in the confidence, dedication and
tbese schoclk, the achers hase to make children do theory as wel as practical coaches/traáners because training develops the
to achieve success. They are
paed for ter-school oampetitions For dass 9oards Fitness programme has been made compulso T team spirit in players. Coaches help the players These oppartunities are
Schools frn these schools job opportunities in the field of Physical Education are galore. ideal for players on the field and outside the field. is required in a school
dent do theory and practical worlk The teachers have to maintain discipline as wel They have available both in schools and sports cubs. A coach
Education. He/she can be appointed
eus for iter school competitiots. to train students in the feld of Physical
of Physical Educatio only for coaching a team. competitions Apart from this there
Colliegesand Universities ln some coBeges, various professional courses are run in the field required to train diferent teams for various
eBPEBSC Phescal Edacation, BPed, MPed MPhil, etc. Physical education is also being taught as a ma. In colleges and universities, coaches are professional teams, social parks and government sector.
lecee sbject in dierent andergraduate courses alang with the preparations for teams offordiferent
sports. are coaching jobs available in sports clubs, hotels,
oincrease in sparts participation and sports related business. there is a need individuals to train 3. HEALTH RELATEDCAREER SECTOR
Ouimg fields, such as spor
est Nos administration related career opportunities are available in various western countries, colleg In the modern world. people are more aware of
their health related issues Healthcare Sector
nent of sperts chubs and facilitie, sports marketing and promotioninInIndia, it is still în its infanc Each and every person is aware of his health. He
wants to remain hale and
fer Undergrsduate and Post-graduate degrees in sports management but Post-graduate levels. In fag diabetes, etc. He
administration are taught as a subject at both Undergraduate and hearty and keep away blood pressure, heart problems, obesity, Businesses tht povide
nind
eguired not only in teaching areas but also in areas connected wìth teaching, such as sports programmnes wants to adopt a healthy lifestyle So, there is an increase in job opportunities medical en
manacue
depurtments of Physical Education is as follows in health-related careers in the field of Physical Education.
The number of health and weight control clubs have increased
Pysical Eocation Department Physical Education are run. tremendously. That is why teachers of Physical Education are in great demand.
Ihene ane many universties and colleges in India wherein the programmes of These health clubs are based on the peoples desires of looking good,
There ae many job opportunities available related to physically fit and sound. These health clubs are in demand and their main aim
Sports Deartments The post of Director of Sports cubs provide different activities but fitness activities
is to gain a lot of money. In fact, it has become a big business These
each university. The Director is held responsible PHYSICAL are one and the same. There are different games, such as squash, tennis, swimming, sauna bath. steam rooms, massage.
ent cf sports or men and women and for the available. Here, customers are instructed
Esprts He also supervises the work of trainers and
EDUCATION etc. Apart from these, the facilities of saunas, steam rooms and massage are also is an increase in
DEPARTMENT with regards to their activities, diet and nutrition as well, so that they may achieve their goals. As there
Heshold have asound knowledge of all the rules awareness related to fitness and wellness, there are more and more job opportunities in this field.
ios.The Dinectr is held responsible for fixing dates for Physiotherapist: They treat the player's prolonged diseases, pain and injuries. They are also experts in treatment
ports etiions, mnagement of officials, lodging and boarding and rehabilitation.
af pliayers, tramsport and badget,etc. Sports Dietician: They suggest the diet elements to increase the health and performance of players. They can work
In Sports Diepartment of eac state there are various administrative posts-District Sports Oficial, Sports Director. as the professional dietician of national and international teams, gyms and clubs.
Assistant Dinector, ec Apart from this, the coaches of various games and sports and other officials work under his
administration in western cootrics, there are also intramurals or campus recreation programs. In these programmes, the Sports Psychologist: They set up a relationship between the healthy mind and body of players. They treat the problems
Scalty menhens beside schoos, taepart in Their matn aim is to promote participation. Their responsibilities are the such as anxiety, stress and low confidence level by observing the performance of players and their behaviour of the
same as insome other Sports Departments field.
P ndastrial Becreatiom - Athletic Trainer: They make a list of exercises after training which helps the players to overcome pain and improve
of job
Now-a-days, many mutinational and nationalcompanies are providing opportunities to their staff members to take part in playing capability. But they work under guidance of Physiotherapist. So, it can be said that there are a lot
opportunities in this field of Physical Education, but the scope is limited in India.
recreatioal activities. These companies are payingattention to the ftness, health and welness of their employees. It enhances
 ATextbook of Physical Education-X B 19
Education
Changing Trends and Career in Physical
RELATED CAREER SECTOR
4. PERFORMANCE (ii) Book Writing opportunities of writing. If a person has good
follows: quite less in India. So, there are more Physiology, Research Methods, Sports
The performance related careers are as Books on Physical Education are
Sociology, Sports Medicine, Exercise
knowledge of Sports Biomechanics, Sports write books and make his career. But he
(0 As Players Sports Pedagogy, Sports Management, etc., he can
inter-college, inter-school, district Psychology, Sports Philosophy,
Players take part in at games levels like and in Olympics. The players
focus, deep knowledge, etc.
concentration,
level, state level, National, International level should have a flair for writing,
competitions, are able to make their careers
who become successful in sports (ii) Sports Photography
photographs of
s players ln India, scholarships are given to good players, For good players, This career is suitable for those
people who are keen to click the
non-government companies like defence services, skilled in sports photography. They can get
various government and sports events. But they must be highly
opportunities. In western magazines and journals. But the
banks, airlines, railways, etc. offer the jobprofession/career in Baseball, AIL excellent opportunities in working with sports
taking
various players in ten years of their They should know the best angle for
countries,
Basketball, Football, Hockey, Cricket, Tennis, etc. earn a lot.
They earn sports photography requires patience.knowledge of projections, trajectory and other
lifelong-in their jobs. The photographs. They should have sound Sports Photography
much more money than the players who work handsome
As Players
important terms in the field of photography.
New York Yankees releated professional players get the most2million dollars per year through commercial advertisement
salary in the world. Martina Navratilova (tennis player) earned won 1,00,000 dollars per year. There are many such example
(iv) Book Publíshing
book publisher should have sound knowledge
In 1971, Bill Jean King was the first woman tennis player who been in great demand and are earning well. Book publishing is also good option in the field of Physical Education. But the and other related subjects. For such work,
have health education, recreation
in cricket as well players like Virat Kohli, M.S. Dhoni, etc. of Physical Education and its
sub-disciplines, ie,
Some people are required in sales area.
Education, writing and other related skills.
()As Officials one needs the knowledge of Physical should have the knowledge of Physical Education and the price
For this, they
Their duty is to sell books across the country.should sales. So, one can make a career
Good management of any game or sports depends upon efficient and talented have the understanding of market and
officials. Aplayer plays and performs for 10 or less years. Thereafter these players of the books available in the market. They
make their career as ofhcials because they know the game thoroughly. So, the in book publishing as well.
job opportunities are part-time or full-time as officials--referee, umpire, time (v) Sports Broadcasting
keeper, recorder, scorer, etc. Their requirement depends on the competitions Sport's Broadcasting has also become a popular
career. It includes TV, radio, cable
to be held every year. It is also a good job opportunity related to sports. The regional and national levels, etc. A career can be made in this field. One
TVfor local,
former players can also make their careers by becoming officials. If players after a sound knowledge of sports but also have an excellent appealing
their retirement become officials; they should have sound knowledge of their should not only have have the knowledge of skills,
players/people anticipate that this career should
respective game and sports. Agood sports official should do his work efficiently voice. The
Physical Education in such
and with utmost sincerity. rules and other related discipline. Areporter should study
a manner that they know how players prepare themselves for sports competitions.
5. CAREERS IN MEDIA SECTOR people will treat him as
covering sporte A reporter should have the knowledge of sports because Sports Broadcasting
newspaper, magazine, etc. have contributed a lot in an expert in the field. He should not feel shy while speaking in
front of a camera
Ihe various means of communication-T.V., radio, Cricket, Ten Sports, etc give sports coverape knowledge
Star
events and promoting them far and worldwide. TV channelsStar Sports, or microphone. He should have excellent speaking skills. He should have a sound knowledge of the background
round the dock. of all sports-Football, Volleyball, Basketball, Hockey, Cricket, etc. and also have
(i) Sports Journalism of each player.
The person who bas the ability to write can choose his/her career in (vi) Marketing of Sports Equipment
sports journalism. Sports Correspondents have the opportunity to With the increase in interest for sports, health and physical activities, there is
work in unison with different newspapers and magazines because also an increase in the sale of sports equipment. Now, companies hire people
these journals print sports news boldly and in efficient manner. They
can write articles, etc. related to any sports. Covering of a sports event
who have knowledge of physical activities and can endorse sports equipment
keeping in mind the needs and demand of sports equipment in today's changing
is the important part of this career. Apart from this, interviewing world. Aconsumer expects asalesman to be an expert in all sports equipment.
coaches/players is also the duty of Sports Correspondents. Stories
based on research and compiling statistics are the main tasks of sports Salesmen should have the knowledge of the needs of customers and knowBedge
correspondents, Asound background of Physical Education can be of sports equipment. Here, the career opportunities are galore because there is
benefhcial to asports journalist, For example, sports journalist with the Sports Journalism
more interest for physical activities, sports and fitness.
ample knowledge of sports may be better able to explain to the public (vii) Sports Industry
in a better way Asports journalist with the knowledge of Exercise There are lots of opportunities for making acareer in sports industry. Sports equipment and clothes are always in demand
Psychology may explain better that what happens psychologically to athletes when they make efforts to finish marathon
race. No doubt, career opportunities in sports journalismare ample but this held requires keen interest and talent in writing so that players can perform better during competitions and practice. Aplayer can establish sports industry at low level. In
self-conñdence, knowledge of the terminology of sports, the capacity of being neutral while having friendly behaviour with can be related to t-shirts, track suits and shoes. But one should have the knowledge of designs as well. As few years ago,
players, knowledge of language, knowBedge of sports rules, the dare of telling truth to the players and oficials in meetings, etc athletes used loose shorts but now they use skin fit because it decreases the air resistance. So, we can say that in the ield,
skin fit shorts keep the athletes more fit and agile in comparison to the earlier time.
 ATextbook of Physical Education-X 23
Education
22 Changing Trends and Career in Physical
(102 medals including 38 gold, 26 silver and 38 bronze) which is
PROGRAM AND FIT-INDIA PROGRAM In First Khelo-India games, small state of Haryana
in 2018, followed by Maharashtra (111
medals including 36 gold) and
Z.5 KHELO-INDIA considered a sports powerhouse was the top team
Delhi (94 medals including 25 gold).
spirit, develops strateo:
INTRODUCTION Playing sports inculcates team History
Narendra Modi, inaugurated Khelo-ndia school
games at the opening ceremony
importance of sports and fitness in one's life is invaluable. and healthy individual leads to healthy societ On 31st lanuary, 2018, the Prime MinisterIndira Gandhi Stadium, New Delhi.
Ihe setting and risk taking. A ft
analytical thinking, leadership skills, goal tradition held at
based on Guru-Shishya
strong nation. our nation. India, in the last hve
component for the overall development of Selection Criteria
17 years are eligible to compete in the individual
sports. Top 8 sports person from
Sports is an extremely important sports. This tremendous potential needs to be showcased on a global incul .platform. h Only selected school kids below the age of from federation; one from Central Board of
has made steady progress in thegivefeld of training of the highest level. We need to National School Games; 4 nominations
them top notch, infrastructure and their true the School Games Federation of India's Archery, Badminton and Shooting.
time, we inspire young talent, 2 wild card enties are selected. For
enables players to demonstrate Secondary Education; one from the host state and federation; one from CBSE: one from bost state:
one
strong spirit of participation in sports that becoming a sports super power. the top l6 are from the National School Games; 8 nominations by the
potential. Only then can India realise its dream of 6 from wild cards are
selected.
introduced to revive the sports culture from organising committee and
The Khelo-India Programme has been
in India at the grass-root level by buildinga
strong framework for all sports played KHELO Aim of the Khelo-India Programme
"To make popular the rural, indigenous and
the Tribal sports/Games to disseminate
information and pique the curionsity
in our country and establish India as a great sporting nation.
To accomplish the above mentioned objectives,
Khelo-India Programme has INDIA of the present generation about these games and
mainstreaming.
also toencourage children and youth to take up these games
in a major

been divided into 12 verticals, namely way, paving way for their
Objectiveness of Schemes the rural and tribal areas of
indigenous sports and games and those played in
KHELO-INDIA PROGRAMME
- Community Coaching Development To encourage, promote and popularize the
Play Field Development
-State level Khelo-India Centres Talent Search and Development Programme the country.

Support to National/Regional/State Sports Academics Physical Fitness of School Children KHELO-INDIA YOUTH GAMES
are not allowed
- Promotion of Sports Amongst
People with Disabilitie, relative to Khelo-India School Games. The participants
Sports for Women Indigenous/Tribal games The Union Minisrty of Sports expanded its scope Under-21. It also allows students from various colleges and universities
-Promotion of Rural and to participate in two categories, i.e., Under-17 and
- Sports for Peace and Development to compete.
- Utilization and Creation/Upgradation of Sports Infrastructure
Annual Sports Competitions FIT-INDIA
committee will ,
disciplines at various levels by the high powered FIT INDIA Movement was launched on
29th
Talented players identified in priority sports Developnent Suate Lenl
Plysical fftsest
years.
provided annual financial assistance of "INR 5 Lakh per annum for 8 Programme, were held from 31st January to a August, 2019 by Honourable Prime Minister with ofsohool chiláren,

Khelo-India school games, which are a part of

the Khelo-India aview to make fitness an integral part of our daily C
lives. The mission of the movement is to bring Sports for Defagrd
February, 2018 in New Delhi. Under-17 athletics have about behavioural changes and move towards
Peace and
Development
been invited to participate across 16 disciplines, which a more physically active lifestyle. Towards
are as follows: achieving this mission, Fit India proposes to
undertake various initiative and conduct event trial
) ARCHERY (ii) ATHLETICS
f) BADMINTON (iv) BASKETBALL to achieve the following objectives:
(vi) FoTBALL () To promote fitness as easy, fun free. Natena/Reçional
BoxING State Sperts Deelpn
vi) GYMNASTICS (vii) HoCKEY (ii) To spread awareness on fitness and various Acalentes
Promotta of
8Y JuDo ) KABADDI physical activities that promote fitness
(xi) KHO-KHO (xii) SHOoTING oarts freatrue
(xiv) VoLLEYBALL through focused campaigns.
ki) SwIMMING (ii) To encourage indigenous sports.
(xv WGHTUFTING (xVi) WRESTLING
annually in January or February. They are the Nationd (iv) To make fitness reach every school, college/university, panchayat/village etc.
Khelo-India Programme means to play India youth games, held students. i.e. Khelo lndia programmeor (v) To create a platform for citizens of India to share information, drive awareness
yrs school
level multidisciplinary grassroot games in India for U-17 and encourage sharing of personal fitness stories.

of INR 5,00,000 for 8 years to prepare themselves for the international

First event
Occur every
Headquarters
2018
Annually
New Delhi
Grassroot Level Talent Hunt
best 1000 students are given an annual scholarshin
play India Youth Games are held anually in January or February every yearsporting events. FITNESS MANTRA
Fit India Mission encourages people to become a part of Fit India Movement by
devoting at least 30-60 minutes to physical activities in their day to day lives. The
mission of the movement is to bring about behavioural changes and move towards
a more physically active lifestyle.
FET
INDIA
Purpose
 ATertbook of Physical Edycation-X1 25
Physlcal fducston
24 PIE Changing Trends and Career in It is expected to gro at the rate of
lndia has ashare of Rs 214 billion in the global fitnese market of Rs 6248 billion. fusd of
FIT INDIA MOVEMENT Prime Minister with avision to make years. At the same time, the fitness and wellness stärtup in the courtry has raised a2023. Irt
s integral part of our dsily ives The mission
29h of the
August, movement
2O19 by is Honble
theto bring about behavioural changes and movetowards, Wa oer cent in the coming few
gvernment has also announced Fit Sndia Movernent l
The F indis Movementta launchedon the fol Re 3639 crore through 88 different deals this year. Modí
to achieve fitness.
re plryicaliy actise lifestyle.
FRt tndia proposes to take various
initiatives and organize programs
folloig uch iasituation, it is nafural to have
Atthe sametime, the National Health
awareness

the country
about
Profile for the year 2018 was teleased
are more than in the world,
by the Union Healh Ministry acomding
Betweers 190 and 2016, the rate of genats
differert states, bt when it
objectives
easy, fun and free as health campaiun a which the nunbers of diseases in 55 per cent. Figures are different in of spread o infectious and
To prumote ftnes as something filed various physical activitles that promote fitness through focused of non-communicable diseases in the country was 30 t6from 48 to 75 per cent, and the rate
and diseases range
To pread aareness about fitnesscollegel untversity, panchayat/village, etc. to promote indigenous sports. comes to epidemics, non-communicable
Aeses is 14 to 43 per cent
To take btnes to every school, share information, rise awareness and encourage snaring ot persin in India are stilgrim, athough
the statistics regarding malnutritionmalnutrition
To create splatform fot citizens of India to According to the World Health Oranization, over the years. The fwo main forms of
in India areanernia
have been run in this direction
Stocss stories. Corona period. Indeed, staying t is not as difficun eroarams
the below five years age group are the victins of stunting while
The Fitlndia Movement has proven its impact and
relevance in this stunting. In our country 379 per cent children incategry le. very severe stunting On the other hand, 178% of adult
think With s few rules, and alittle hard work you can always be heaithy Health and happiness and 208I per cent children have been kept ín the 'wasted who gve birth to a child in
task as some people hour daily Be it Yoga, or Badminton, Tennis, ootball,
Karate country are overweight. 514 per centof the
women
all is hidden in this mantra "Dosage of fitness, half an males and 21,6% of adult females in the
Kabaddi, whatever you like, do at least 30 minutes &day.
world. The World Health Organization-WHOhas create
the country are victíms of anaemia. onths ago, a market
Today, there is much awareness about ftnes all over therecommendation on physical activity has also been issued should normally be taken by the people. Just two
In a day, as per the UGC, 10,000 steps survey of 3000Indian adults, according to which 64 per cent said they do
and heahth, Global Mintel conducted a fitness
&global straltegy on diet, physical activíty set newgoals regarding fitness and they are working on
them on many front, intelligence company that doing exercise means walking only Most of the people in thís
Today, many countries of the world have countries, alarge-scale fitness carmpai not exercise.thatOnthey the other hand 6.7 per cent believed said that they do not get time for exercise in their busy
work life
Germany, Britain, America and many such want to exercise but 31 per cent
doing many types of work In Australia, more citizens do daily physical exercise and join the routine of physical exercl, survey said
16 goiny n at this tme so that more and
O PRACTICE QUESTIONS 1.5
If there is health, then there is luck and then the,
Labour, success, luck, everything in the worid depends on health. strong This self-confhdence of aperson that arise
success When we exercise regularly, we can keep ourselves fit and
s ís applicable to family, society and country L. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1 MARK)
due to fitness also gives him success in different areas of life. The same thing Khelo-India Programme? (C.BS.E Text Book Ouestion)
that arises to fitness to0, a family that plays together, stays fit together. 52. How many verticals are there in
tried this experiment they played together, did Yoga-Pranayama togethe, (6) Eleven (c) Twelve (a) Thirteen
During this epidemic, many families have
together. This not only enhanced Physical fitnes but also had money other benefits like emotiona (a) Ten
Sports, Govt. of India launched the Khelo India Programme in:
did exercises and sweated good habit are usually taught b 0. 53. The Ministry of Youth Affairs and
bonding. better understanding &Co-operation among family members. It is also seen that
reverse mode, Now the youth are taking the initíative, and
are al
(C.BS.E Text Book Question)
our parents. But in the matter of fitness, its gone in a (b) 2014-2015 () 2016-2017 (d) 2017-2018
(a) 2013-2014
motivating their parents to exercise and play. situated at.
sound mínd is in a sound body. The opposite is equall 0. 54. The headquarter of Khelo-India Programme
Our mental health is also very importat, We all know that approach to keep the mind health (b) New Delhí () Lahore (a) Rajasthan
trùe When our mind is healthy, onty then our body remains healthy. And just one (a) Mumbaí (C.BS.E Text Book Question)
narrow "T when a person considers farmily, society and country
is to expand the mind. Moving beyond the confhdent,
as his 0. 55. The scheme of 'Sports for Peace &Development' is excusively for the state/UT:
it acts as agreat herb to become mentally strong, And that's h (a) Jammu & Kashmir (6) Delhí and NCR (c) Uttar Pradesh () Punjab
extension and works for them, then he feels
Swami Vivekananda said-"Strength is Life, Weakness is LDeath, Expansion is Life, Contraction is Death" keep connecti . 56. The first event of Khelo-India games took place in the year
India Movement and together we will also
We will continue to connect mnore and more with the Fit India is fit, India will be hit. In thís, the efforts of all o (c) 2016
(a) 2012 (b)2014 (d) 2018
if
people. FHt India Movement is also "Ht Indía Movement So, 0. 57. Which state of India ín the First Khelo-Indía Games stood at the highest rank in 20182
alweys, will help the country a lot. (a) Delhi (b) Maharasthra () Punjab (d) Haryana
KHELO Q. 58. How many discipline of sports were there in Ist Kehlo-India?
(a) 15 (6) 14 (c) 12 (d) 16
0. 59. How many sports are available in Khelo-India app?
(a) 19 (6) 16 (c) 20 (d) 21
Q.60. Who has been appointed as the ambassador of Fit India Movement?
(a) Kuldeep Handu (b) Kuldeep Rama () Ankit Kumar Pandey (d) None of these
Q.61. Ankit Kumar Pandey is related to which game?
(a) Self Defence (b) Basketball (c) Volleyball (d) Badminton
Health awäreness prograrns started across the country along with the 'Fit India Movement' on the occasion of the 0.62. Where was Ankit Kumar Pandey born?
(d) Varanasi
birtday of hockey magdan Major Diyan Chand. Afer the oya and Cleanliness mission, how much this mission will (a) Delhí (b) Bengal (c) Shrinagar
be ahitand whether the countrymen will be ft, only time will tell, but before that let us know why a movement like Fit Q. 63. On which day did the Fit India Movement start?
India is seeded? (a) 29 August (b) 27 August () 25 August (d) 15 August
 Ril
MIND MAPPING

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
changing
related responses.
"Physical education is that phase of education which deals with big muscle activities and their
Trends
Career Options in Physical Education
Aim of Physical Education Objectives of Physical Education and
Career
All round development
in
Physical
Social Development Emotional Development Spiritual Development
Physical Development Mental Development
The objective of Physical Edu The objective of Physical Education
It results in the development
of the size and shape of
This objective results in
mental development and
This objective of Physical
Education is related to social cation is to make an individual for an individual is to reflect time to
evaluate their experiences to allow
Education
organs and helpful to make de-creases the stress level. skills which are helpful in emotionally develop through
body healthy and strong. cOordination. physical activity and to control them to build a positive mindset
over different emotions like and promote progression.
happiness, jealousy hope,
despair, joy, fear, loneliness, etc.

Teaching Sector Coaching Sector Health Related Sector Performmance Related Sector Media Sector

Sports fitness Professional

Primary level School / College Sports journalism
Universities trainers, Sports players
dieticians
Middle level Sports lnstitution Sports photography
Sports planning
Sports psychologists officers

Secondary level Industrial recreation Sports broadcasting

Recreatlonal
Sports nutritionist
management sports
College level Sports faculty management Sports advertising
Gym l athletic trainers
University level Administration Sports equipment marketing
 ATextbook of Physical Education-x

Khelo-India Program
UNIT
OLYMPIC VALUE
Objectlves
Play field development
Community coaching development
State level Khelo-Andia centers
Annual ISports Competibons
Talert search and developrment program
History

On 31st January. 2018 the

Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
inaugurateddKhelo India school
games at the opening ceremony
based on Guru- Shishya tradition
Selection
Criterla
Only selected school
kids
below the age of 17 years
are eligible to compete in the
individual sports. Top sports
person from the school games
2 EDUCATION

Utlzation and CreationiUpgradation of held at Indira Gandhi Stadium, federation of India's National
Sports Infrastruchure New Delhi School Games.
Support io National/Regional/State
Sports Academics
Physical fitness of school children
Sports for Women CONTENIS
Aim
Promotion of Sports amongst people with & Respect)
disabilities To encourage, promote and popularize the indigenous 2.1 Olympism Concept and Olympics Values (Excellence, Friendship of Excellence, Balance
Sports for peace and development
Prormotion of rural and indigenous/tribal
sports and games and those played in the rural and 2.2 Olympic Value Education -Joy of Effort, Fair Play, Respect for Others. Pursuit
trbal areas of the country. Among Body, Will &Mind
games
2.3 Ancient and Modern Olympics
2.4 Olympics- Symbols, Motto, Flag. Oath, and Anthem
25 Olympic Movement Structure -(0C, NOC, IFS, Other Members
CHANGING TRENDS IN SPORTS
INTRODUCTION
development of
Technological Advancement It gives the understanding of Olympic participation in its activities in the past and present along with the Olympic Games
between Ancient
Pianing Surtace Wearable Gears Sports Equipment games and sports for competitions or more appropriately we can say that it is the link
and Modern Olympic Games and development of competitive sports activities at various levels. For a better understanding.
it is important to know the journey of Ancient Olympics to Modern Olympics.
FIT INDIA MOVEMENT 2.1 OLYMPISM-cONCEPT AND OLYMPICS VALUES (EXCELLENCE, FRIENDSHIP
Fit india Movement was launched by Honourable
& RESPECT)
Prime inister on n29th Auqust, 2019.
IDEALS OF OLYMPIC GAMES
Olympic Movement happens to build a peaceful and better world by educating youth
KES2OINTS
Objectives of Schemes
Fit India Mantra

If encourages people to become a

Did
YoKu
through sport practised without any discrimination and mutual understanding with aspirit
of friendship, solidarity and fair play.
Ancient Olympics
Moderm Olympic
To encourage, promote and Athens
popularize the indigenous sports part of Fit India Movement by Banon Rerre De Coubertin
and games and those played in devoting at least 30-60 minutes to Modern Olynmpic Games were restored after 1503 years of cosure of Ancient Olympics International Olympic
the rural and tribal areas of the Physical activities in their day to day Threetimes Modern Olhympic Gomes were not conducted due to World Warl and Committee
country. lives. Poralympics
Paralympics was organized in 1948 with London Olympic Games. Paralympics Motto
Spirit in Motion' is the motto of Paralympics. It was introduced in 2004. Poraympics Symbol
"nternational Poralympics committee and "Special Olympic Organizotion are the Paralympics Oath
recognized by the International Olympic Committee. Special Olympic
The tenure of the President of International Olympic Committee is for eight years Speciaf Olympic Logo
and extended for four years only once. Olympic Motto
Olympic Flag was made in 1913. inaugurated in 1914 and woved for the first time Olympic Symbal
in 1920. ndian Olympic Association
Sir Dorabj Tota
(31) De Noehren
 ATextbook of Physical Education.v.
32 33
BIE olymplc Value Education
health of young people bt
olympics also
Objectives of Olympic Games
sports not only help in developing good The objective of hel THE OLYMPIC MovEMENT
of the world that character and personality.
for is to constituents: the International Olympic Committee (10C), the
To drawthe attention development of their and not an instrument the ct The Olympic Movement is composed of three main Committees (NOCS). The goal of the Olympic Movement
create better citizens and promote the sports are a pastime
International Sports Federations (IES) and the National Olympic
amongmater
the concept that better understandino
to inculcate
a sense of loyalty and team spiritinternational amity and goodwilland to
contribute to educating youth through sport practiced in accordance with
pe is to contribute to building a peaceful and better world by
It helps adevelop at Aspirit of requires compliance with the Olympic Charter and recognition
and nations. Olympism and its values. Belonging to the Olympic Movement Movement also encompasses the Organizing Committees
main constituents, the Olympic
by the IOC. In addition to its three
CONCEPT OF OLYMPISM national associations, clubs and persons belonging to the NOCs, particularly the
of the Olympic Games ("0COGs"), the Movement's action. It also comprises of judges,
created more than 120 years Olvmpism seeks to create a wav fundamental element of the Olympic
The concept of Olympisim was Modern Olympic ife based on the joy found in eft athletes, whose interests constitute a
includes other organizations and institutions
of the technicians. The team also
ago by Pierre de Coubertin, founder the referees, coaches and the other sports officials and
Movement.Coubertin was passionate about making
the educatonalvalue of a goo
as recognised by the IOC.
place through sport. That's why he established example and respect for univer
world a better
sport could help fundamental ethical principles PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2.1 G)
the Olympic Movement. He believed
bring communities together, stop war and promote healthy
discrimination.As . MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1
MARK)
competition free from cheating and
Coubertin was planning the Modernmore Olympic Games in the Q. 1. The values of Olympism are:
Olympism became clearly defined. In (6) Friendship
1890s the idea of of life, exalting ana comoimg ma balanced whole the qualities of (a) Excellence
the Olympic Charter it is expressed as 'a philosophy
and education, Olympism seeks to create a way of life based on the inv (c) Respect
(a) All of the above
will and mind. Blending sport with culture
responsibility and respect jor universal fundamental ethical principles" Q.2. The full form of IOC is:
the educational yalue of good example, social Olympic Games. The tundamental principles of Olympism are outline (a) Indian Olympic Committee (b) International Olympic Committee
Olympism refers to the philosophy of the of mind. (d) None of these
said: "Olympism is not a system; it is a state
(c) Ice Hockey Olympic Committee
the Olympic Charter. Pierre de Coubertin Q.3. The full form of NOC's is:
MPORTINCE OF OLYMPISMI (b) New Zealand Olympic Committee
through the combination of mind L (a) Net ball Olympic Committee
how sport can make us all better citizens
+ The aim of Olympism is to show (c) National Olympic Committee (d) None of these
of: (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
and spirit. between communities and nations, helping us to live in
harmony , Q. 4. IOC stands against discrimination on the basis
+ Its goal is to help foster better relationships (a) Gender (b) Race
each other. to practice it. (d) Education
" Olympism tells us that sport is a
universal human right and we all should be free (c) Religion
world can better themselves. Q.5. Which is NOT an Olympic core value? (C,B.S.E. Text Book Question)
Olympism is a great way to show how everyone in the and no single race or era can claim to have the monos (a) Excellence (b) Commitment
expression
It can permeate a wide variety of modes of (c) Respect (a) Friendship
of it'
Q.6. Helping others to feel safe from violence is an example of which of the following Olympic value?
VALUE OF OLYMPISM (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
and Respect. These values constitute the foundation
There are three values of Olympism Excellence, Friendship world. (a) Friendship (b) Respect
promote sport, culture and education to build a better
which the Olympic Movement builds its activities to (c) Excellence (d) Trust
Excellence Q.7. In which of thefollowing Olympics values "Mutual understanding between two persons" took place?
First value is striving for the best and excellence and encouraging (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
people to be the best they can be. The important thing is not winning, (a) Friendship (b) Respect
but taking part, making progress and enjoying the healthy combination (c) Excellence (d) Trust
of body, will and mind.
Assertion and Reason
Friendship
Celebrating friendship is quite unique to the Olympic Games. It is an Q. 8. Read the following statements-Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose one of the correct alternatives given below:
event that brings people together after every four years. Friendship is at Assertion (A): Olympism seeks to create a way of life by blending sports with culture.
the heart of the Olympic Movement. It encourages us to see sport as an Reason (R): It is based on the joy of efforts and the educational value.
instrument for developing mutual understanding between individuals, In the context of above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
HEASAETE
and among people all over the world. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Respect (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
This ncludes respect for yourself, the rules and regulations, your opponents, your body, for other people, for sport and
for the environment
(c) (A)is true, but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
 ATestbook of Physical Education-X
35

given below: Blb olympic Value Education

atch he Followlng answer from the code to become the best that they
can
Table-2 and select the correct Pursuit of Excellence
positive, healthy choices, and strive
Miahch Tble- with help young people to make
Q Table-2 Afocus on excellence can
Table
1 Create asense of
loyality and team spirit be in whatever they do.
Friendship and Respect Balance Among Body, Will and
Mind
and physical literacy and
learning through movement
2. Excellence, body, not just in the mind,learning de
Olynpic moemet Olympic Garnes Learning takes place in the whole both This concept was the cornerstoDe of Pierre
Vlae of Olympism 3. Philosophy of the contributes to the development of
moral and intellectual
4. I0C, IFS & NOC Coubertin's interest in reviving the Olympic Games.
GbjectneofOlymplc Games H-1-1V
2.2o
O1 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
HH-IY
111-II-HY
CODE II--Y () 2. 3, 4, 1
() 4. 2, 1, 3
(b) 3, 2, 4, 1
342I QUESTIONS (1 MARK)
1. MULTIPLE CHO1CE of Olympic Games.
Self Assessment Oue. No. Ans. Code Que. No, Ans 10. Olympism refers the
to () Performance (a) Philosopby
Code Oue, Ho. Ans, Code (b)Qualification
No Ans, Code Oue, No. Ans. (a) Demonstration
Cur NAns Code Que 5.
play is a sports concept.
3
2
Q. 11. (c) Major () General
(6) Unfair educatíonal value?
(a) Fair of which of the following
ANSWERS- (3 MARKS, 100 WORDS) rules of the game is violation (CBS.E. Text Book Question)
Q 12. "Playing beyond the
S1. SHORT QUESTION
(b) Balance Between Body, Will and Mind
Q1Wie ay these objectives of Olympics Games. (a) Pursuit of Excellence (4) Fair Play
92What ane the values of Olympism? (CBSE Tet Book Questio () Joy of Efort
3. What do youthe understand by Olyipisn? (CBSE Tet Book Questio Assertion and Reason
4 Describeany one of Olysnpic core Value. correct alternatives given below:
statements-Assertion (A)and Reason (R).Choose one of the
MARKS, 200 WORDS) 0. 13. Read the following right.
111. SHORT OUESTION ANSWERS-I1 (5 Assertion (A): Olympism tells us that sport is a
uníversal human
Q. Epain the three values of Olympissn
it.
Reason (R): We all should be free to pracice correct?
statements, which one of the following is
9.2. Writea short note on The Olynpic Movement (CBSE Tet Book Questio In the context of above two
explanation of (A).
(CBSE Text Book Quesi the correct
03. Write a note on the principle of Olympism. (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) ís
explanation of (A).
Q4 Discuss the conponents of Olympic Movement. (b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct
RESPECT FOR OTHERS () (A) is true, but (R) ís false.
JOY OF EFFORT, FAIR PLAY, AND MIND
2.2 OLYMPICVALUE EDUCATION- BALANCE AMONG BODY, WILL (d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
PURSUT OF EXCELLENCE, Match the Following
OLYMPIC VALUE
from the code given below:
EDUCATIONAL THEMES OF OLYMPISM 0. 14. Match Table-1 with Table-2 and select the correct answer
Table-1 Table-2
Five educational themes have been highlighted in BESPEGT FRIEHOSHIP 1. Learniíng like in the whole body
this Manual, based on the Fundamental Principles of L Joy of Efort
Olympism. They incorporate three basic approaches IL Fair Play 2. Young people develop &practice physical skills
so learning Cogsitive (intelectual), Affective (saocial/ IIL Perpuit of Excellence 3. It can lead to the development in ones behaviour
emotional) and Kinesthetic (physical), 4. To become the best
IV. Balance among body, will &mind
EDUCATIONAL THEMES CODE: -I1-HI1-Iy -H1-HII-IV I-11-II1-1V I-H1-111-TV
(a) 3, 4, 2, 1 (b) 3, 2, 4, 1 (0 2, 3, 4, 1 (d) 4, 2, 1, 3
Joy of Efort
bebavioral and intellectual skills by
Young people develop snd practice physcal, activities, movement, games and sport. Self Assessment
challenging themselves and esch other in physical Ans, Code Que. No. Ans, Code Que. No. Ans. Code Que. No. Ans. Code
Fair Play Que. No. Ans, Code Que. No. Ans. Code Que. Ho.
Fair play is &sports concept, but it is spplled wordwide today in many different ways. 11. 12. 13. 14
reinforcement of fair play
Letning to play fair in sport cas lead to thedevelopent and I. SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS-I (3 MARKS, 100 WORDS)
behavior in ones cornmunity nd in one's life
Respect for Others 1. Write a short note on the immportance of Olympism.
and respect
When young people who ive in a multicuitural world earn to sccept Q.2. Explain "Balance Between Body, Wll and Mind as Olympic EducationalValue. (CBSE. Text Book Question)
diversity asd practice pescefid personal behavior, they pronote peace and international Q.3. Illustrate the concept of fair play with sports examples. (CB.S.E Text Book Question)
understanding
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no rulesawaited naked. Wrestling, wooded
offerOlympiads. most Games,
andOlympia,
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 ATextbook of Physlcal Education.y.
38 B 39
BIE olymple Value Educaton
MODERN OLYMPIC GAMES No, of Countries No, of Main Features
De Coubertin APIL 6, 1896
was undertaken by Barron Pierre Year City Country Participated Activities
The revival work of the games games. A French Research delegation No. Not held due to World War .
last ancient
heariy 1503 years after the De Coubertin went to Greece and there they got 12. 1940 Tokyo Japan Not held due to World War Il
which was led by Barron Pierre at Surbonne, he
During a conference 13. 1944 London England Racial differences were seen,
archeological ruins of the city of Olvmpia. Games" He further added that the 14 1948 London England
KD. Jadav got 3rd position in Wrestling (Pirst
hrst-said, "The Restoration of the Olympic Helsinki Finland 69

sports, to give them strength and

lasting quality 15. 1952 individual medal)
games would strengthen amateur of modern education. 7 1 First time ín Southern hernisphere
for an essential role in the world Melbourne Australia Telecast on TV. India lost to Pakistan in hockey fina.
Coubertin 1956
which was led by Barron Pierre De
16
87
Ateam of delegation was formed Olvmpic Committee to oversee them and 17. 1960 Rome Italy
93 1 |Olympic mascot shown. MiIkha Singh misses
and associates. He also an International 18% 1964 Tolkyo Japan |Olymplc medal.
Olvmpic Games were held in 1896 at Athens
due to their efforts, the first Modern Mexico 112 18 Atitude varlation was observed in athletes.
Greece and since then these games are held every four years. 19. 1968 Mexico City
Lavish affair
International Olympic Committee Munich W. Germany 122
Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the 20 1972
92 21 Africa boycotted. Drug, use was seen by athletes.
in Athens in 1896. Earler 1976 Montreal Canada
(10C) in 1894, leading to the first modern Games 21.
81 21 USA boycotted. Drugs were banned for athletes.
Sportsmen meeting from all over world. 1980 Moscow Russia
Russia boycotted. Medical test for players.
there wasa poor response in 1893 when
22. 23
US 40
ruins of stadium and 1984 |Los Angeles Ben fohnson banned (drugs). Many records broken.
Inl875-A group of German archaeologists excavate the
23
160 23
landslide). The Revival of 1988Seoul Korea
temples of Olympia. (Remains by earthquake and
24. 2 |Indian performance very poor.
1992 Barcelona 173
Italy, Belgium, Russia, Spain Hi-tech observation by video camera. Leander Paes
Olympics games invited delegates -USA, England, Sweden,
25. 27
USA 197
restored after 1503 years 26. 1996 Atlanta got bronze in tennis for India,
Greece &France. Finally Modern Olympic Games was Greatest ever show on earth. Maleshwarí got bronze
of closure of Ancient Olympic Games. First Modern Olympics games opened on 213
were not held due to World War -I(1916) &World 2000Sydney Australia
27. in weightlifting Many records in swimming Many
Sunday, March 24, 1896, in Athens, Greece. The Olympic Games new games introduced.
-2 (1940 8 1944). 31 China carne with huge medal tally. Indids Rajyavardhan
2004Athens Greece 211
from 14 countries 28.
In the first Olympic Games held in Athens in 1896, 241 athletes the Paris Olympics, got silver in shooting.
participated in 43 events in the Panathenaic Stadium. In 1900, in China 204 Mega structures like Bird Nest, Bubble Cube were
2008Beijing
Olympic Games are of great 29 built India won first individual gold by Abhinav
about 997 athletes from 24 countries competed. The 1900
significance as this was the first one when 22 women competed in

202o TOKYO OLIVIPICS

selected sports. As
the games became popular, lots of countries joined up.

Medals. Neerai Chopra became only the

O
TOKYO 2020

second Indian individual Olv 30. 2012London England 204 26

Bindra. Sushil Kumar and Vijender Kumar won
bronze medals. American supremacy was lost as
China got lead in medal tally.
American regained supremacy. Six medals from
India, Vijay Kumar (Shooting), Sushil Kumar
India won 1 Gold, 2 Silver and 4 Bronze the men's hockey team won an Olympic medal after 41 v
champion. PV Sindhu won her second Olympic medal while (Wrestling), Saina Nehwal (Badminton), Mary Kom
Year and Venue of Modern
Olympic Games |(Boxing), Yogeshwar Datt (Wrestling), Gagan Narang
(Shooting).
S. No. of Countries No. of Main Features
31 2016Rio De Janeiro Brazil 206 208 Rugby sevens and Golf included.
No.
Year City Country Participated Activities
13
Athletics, Swimming, Gymnastics, Wrestlino 32. 2020Tokyo Japan 28
1896 Athens Greece Scheduled to be held.
Horse Riding. (Only for men) 33. 2024 Paris France
Motto announced, women participation allowed 34. 2028 Los Angeles USA Scheduled to be held.
17
2 1900 Paris France
Proper sports kit compulsory for players.
3 1904 St. Louis US 12
22
Racial differences were seen. ot PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2.3G
4 1908 London England Women took part in swimming.
5 1912 Stockholm Sweden 4 1. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1 MARK)
Not held due to World War I. (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
6. 1916 Berlin Germany Q. 15. The Ancient Olympic Games started in:
22 Olympic flag was raised. (a) 776 BC (b) 394 AD (c) 1896 (d) 1986
7 1920 Antwerp Belgium March past and opening show.
8 Paris France 44 18
0. 16. The idea of reviving the Olympic Games came from: (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
1924
1928 Amsterdam Holland 46 lolvmpic torch was lit. India won first gold in hoce (a) Eunice Kennedy Shriver (b) Baron Pierre de Coubertin
10 1932 Los Angeles USA 37 15 lolympic village was set-up, India won second go (c) Dion Nash (d) Ludwig Guttmann
in hockey. Q. 17. Olympic games were organized in the honour of god .......
11. 1936 Berlin Germany 49 20 India won gold medal in hockey after independen (a) Hercules (b) Theondosis (c) Zues (d) Posedon
 Self Assessment
Ans, Code Que. No. Ans. Code Oue NoAns Code
Code Oue. No, Ans, Code Que. No. Ans. Code Que. No.
N 18. 19. 20.
16. 17: 26.
15. 24. 25.
22. 23.
21.
28.
27.
ANSWERS-I (3 MARKS, 100
WORDS)
D. SHORT QUESTION
ceremony of Paralympics.
0. 1. Describe in detail the opening Games? What does it mean? (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
Olympic
0. 2. What is the motto of the (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
Olympic flag.
0.3. Write a short note on the Ancient Olympics.
competitor in (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
0.4. Write down the eligibilitycriteria of a Olympic Games.
Draw the Venn Diagram listing the similarities and diferences between Ancient and Modern
0. 5.
ANSWERS-I (5 MARKS, 200 WORDS)
0. SHORT QUESTION (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
conduct of Ancient Olympics.
0. 1. Write a brief note on the origin and (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
Q. 2. How did the Modern Olympic games originate?
EXTENSION ACTIVITY-1
controversial history-from cancelled Games during World Wars
The Olympic Games have an interesting, and sometimes
conflicts.
to boycott of the games due to international
groups, research to find out more about it:
Select one of the following Olympic Games and working in " 1976 " 1980
" 1920 1936 " 1948 1972
Presentation.
Present your ideas to the class in the form of a Power Point
3 ExTENSION ACTIVITY-2
every Olympic Games medal carried
Each Olympic Games has its own medal design. From 1928-2004, the front side of
of ancient Athens, a Greek vase known
an image of Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, the Olympic Rings, the Coliseum
However, a new design was
as an amphora, a horse-drawn chariot, and the year, number of Olympiad, and the host city. Each host city is
created for the 2004 Games, which featured the Greek Panathenaic Stadium and a new image of Nike.
allowed to add special details to the other side that is to the Games.
Design a medal for the Olympic Games if they were to be held in your town.

2.4 OLYMPICS- SYMBOLS, MOTTO, FLAG, OATH AND ANTHEM

THE OLYMPIC CREED

Before the start of the Olympics everybody remembers the famous quote of
Bishop Pennsylvania"The important thing in Olympics is not to win, but to The Olympic Creed
"The most important thing in the Olympic Games is
take part. The important thing in life is not the triumph; but struggle. The essential not to win but to take part, just as the most important
thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle.
thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well": The essential thing is not to have conquered but
to have foughtBaron
well."
Perre de Coubertin , 1896
Founder of the Modern Olypic Games
 ATetbodk of Physical tducaton-y
42
BIH ymgle Value tducton
THEOLY MPIC SYMBOL rings epresent
wbich are interconected. These rings stand THEOLYMPIC FLAME/TORCH
This is made up offve rings tations of the world. These fve lile and happines, t isa sort d sybd of
nienaliy of athletes of vaious Eacth ring The Olympic fame sybalizes koondedge, o Greece and various players while
Africa, Austraia, Asia and Europe peace. This flame is ignited in the Olympic vilage
ot fe coeinentsAmerica wtsch sas sugeeted by PB. De Cobertin. one another and carry it to the place where Olympicges are
esents a particalar cotinent running pass it on to
continent of Europe Thás fame is not allowed to extingaisk The flase keeps o burning t
L The ering represents the being held
2 The yelow ring represents the continent of Asia the Olympic games last
ofAfrica
3. The Black ring represnts the continent Australia THE RELEASE OF DOVES
represents fhe continént of place in pace as to Russian cosonts
4The grcen ring
Amserica In 2014, one leg of the torch relay took Space Station, some 209 mes above Earth
5. The ted ring repreents the continent of carried the torch outside the International
symbol of peace
THE OLYMPIC FLAG After the caaldron is lit, doves are released íinto the ait, as a
Olympics. Sice 1920,
O Parron Pierre de Coubertinis suggestion, Oympc g wa einThis sasfrt done in the 1896 Olympics, and then in theof1920
oficial part of the Opening Ceremony the Sammner Games. They
twas inapgurated in Parison 19 June, 1914 2nd it was tirst waved in Az this has been an sybolic sbstuos, e
of whíte silk, wherein rin are geerally not released during the Winter Gates, because is too col4 Sor the birds, but
Olympic games during 1920. It is made sometimes sed.
five continents-Europ white baloons, are
dores-is important In the 1908 Seod Gaes, en it was
interconnected. These rings represent the sworids The orderfirst lighting the cauldron, then releasáng the
America Each ring has a different colour-Blue, the doves were in the area of the caldron just before it burst into fases, ledng t
Africa, Australia and many of
symbolizes cooperatio tried the other way around,
Black Green, and Red. Their interconnection Olympic fag sugeE their snerpected demise
friendship The white colour represents peace The
THE OLYMPIC OATH
OlympiG the games should be played peacefully Cosbertíin whách becae a
This oath was initially written by Baron Perre De
THE OLYM PIC MOTTO NEW part from 1920 Antvwerp Olympics athletes get together in the
tso cosists of tree Latin words: OLYMPIC In order to participate in Olympic garmes al The country
Ohpic MOTTO stadiurn and take oath in the opening ceremony of Olynpic garmes.
the fag and comes
which hosts Olympic games, one of its representatives holds respective national
Communís
thas Altins Fortius
Together hold their
forward. Al participants induding the athletes vwho(representatíve)
Pester Higher Stronger takes oath on
flags come to their respectíve places The athlete
THE OLYWPIC EMBLEM behalf of all the athletes and all the athletes lifting their right hands repeat the
competitons,
Olmpic emblem, which is a design Words of oath taken by the representative athlete In the name of all
Each Olympic Gammes has its oWn or more distinctive elements They are "We swear that we shall take part ín these Olympic garnes, respecting and abiding by the rules that
goern them, comiting
rings with one of sport and the
integratingg the Olympic
Committee of the Olynpic Games ourselves to a sport without dopping and without drug, in the true spirit of sportsmanshúp, for the ggory
ceated and pruposed by the Organizing of the host country. It is honour of our country
(OCOGr the National Oiympic Committee (NOC) First time the oath regarding Doping and Drugs was taken in 2000
Olympic Commíttee (10C) to approse
the responsbility of the Internatáonal
Games. Olvmpic emblems are used in Sydney Olympic games
Oiympic emblems for the Olympic Oath for Officials: In the name of all the judges and officials,
promotional materials, by sponsors of (the
Oiyrngj Olympic garnes with complete
0 clatortal Spirit, pure fotbar the uniforms of every Olympic competitor. All We swear that we shall officiate in these
the IOC. impartiality, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them in
of beouty eens end of trth, are the propertyof the true spirit of sportsmanship
yrnd flohSke ptning here, THE OLYMPIC ANTHEM
THE OLYMPIC AWARD
yor o eorth and sky.
and at thiroeing It was created by Greek composcr Spyros Samá The first vwinner in Olympic games is given a Gold medal; the second
fnobls contests t was written by his fellow countryman, poes r one a silver medal and the third one a bronze medal. Apart from this
Palunmás, The Olympic Anthem is in fact the c each of the three players is given adiploma The next fíve vinners are given one diploma each. There are some gams in
branch
property of the Modern Games. The Olympic an which joint 3rd place get Bronze medal such as Wrestling, Boxing, etc
thy
wth you
Iyrics penned by Palamas to accompany the m OBJECTIVES OF OLYMPIC GAMES
by Samaras create a bridge between the Ancier
The following objectives can be achieved through Olympic games:
Modern Games:
Olympíc Anthem was created in the year 189
(9 Devedloping the spirit ofpatriotism and brofherhood in players.
(i) Diverting the attention of all countries towands physical education and sports competitions.
(in) Developing personality, character, social qualities and health among youth.
 Education-Xi
ATextbook of Physical
life.
44
so that they may lead a happy and prosperous
habits among youth
(iv) Formation of good the basis of caste, colour and creed. nations.
() No discrimination on brotherhood and coordination amongst the different
(v) To develop the unity, good universe.
(vi) To make a peaceful and
De Coubertin wanted to develop val
OLYMPIC VALUES that Baron
Pierre
We come to learn Olympic movernent:players of different
objectives of Olympic games, through
If welook at the
The following vaalues can be
developed
developing brotherhood whenthemselves. Thus brotherh Countr,
through Olympic games. movement is
instrumental in
develop unity among
1. Brotherhood: Olympic together-they
come together, sit together, dine games are based on
just
play together, games. These and e
develops. provide opportunitiesfor impartial
regulations should be applied to each
game: The Olympic games judged fairly, Rules and officials should be true to th.
. Impartialplayer and each team should be sports
a specific team or player. The
So, each towards should be raised.
be no partiality any discrimination
on
team. There should"Live by code or get outsuch slogans Coubertin, there should not be discriminati
words and actions. According to the suggestion of Mr. brotherhood and try to abolish unfairly. Th
3. No
discrimination:
Olympic games promote the spiritof part. They should not treated
basis ofcaste,colour and creed. cultures, tradition, and caste-take values, But exceptions are always the,
differentcountries, promote Olympic Olympic Jesse Owen
The players of background or roots and they help killed ruthlessly. In 1936, Berlin honor Jese Owen
players forget their in Munich, Israelli
players were
discrimination, Adolf Hitler
refused to
countrie
games other
In 1972, Olympicmedals but on the grounds of racial to prove that they are better than the outlook so th
bagged four gold games. They want have positive
countries have vested interest in these has failed to promote values, we should
Some
But it can't be stated that Olympic movement developing. Players of differen
promoted through Olympic movement. instrumental in when there
values may be that are become friends. Even
Friendship: Olympic movement present opportunities together,they
4. get through Olympic games.
in Olympic games. When they
countries come to take part countries, they come close to one another
retrospect and also resper
tension going on between two players to show sportsman spirit. Every player should
motivates the
5. Respect: This value and environment. Olympic plays an
the opponents, rules of game partiality free: It can be said that
brotherhood, unbiased sports and countries participat:
6. Values--friendship,development of these values but a dark side of Olympicsis also seen, Many
important role in the downfall of these values that man
other countries. This is also a
superiority on Olympic movemen
in Olympics just to show their Moscow Olympics and 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. The
countries of the world boycotted 1980
fails to develop the above said values. give best performance on the field
and outside the field.
value motivates a person to
7. Excellency: This
PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2.4

QUESTIONS (1 MARK)
1. MULTIPLE CHOICE (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
motto means:
Q.29. The word Altius" in the Olympic (c) Heavier (a) Stronger
(a) Faster (6) Higher (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
created by :
Q. 30. The logo of Olympic Games was (b) Deion Nash
(a) Eunice Kennedy Shriver
(c) Guttmann (d) Baron Pierre De Coubertin
(C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
Q. 31. The first Olympic torch was lit in:
(a) 1896, Athens, Greece (b) 1920, Antwerp, Belgium
(c) 1924, Paris, France. (d) 1936, Berlin
(C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
Q.32. The Olympic flag was used for the first time in:
(a) 1896, Athens, Greece (b) 1920, Antwerp, Belgium
(c) 1924, Paris, France (d) 1928, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Bib oymplc Value kduaton 47

. SMORT QUESTION ANSWERS-11 (5 MARKS, 200 WORDS)

1. Write anote on the synbols and ideais of the Clympie Game.
02 "Are Olympic games free from partiala Comment,
G. Whatisthe importance of five rings in the ympic fag?
04 Writea short note on the Olymple Flag (CBSE. Tt Bok (yuetion)
05. From where and howis the Olynpic torch bouptto the hos city? (CBSE Tet Boh (hution)
0.6. Descrnbe the Olympic oth. (CBSE Tea Bok estion)

2.5 OLYMPIC MOVEMENT STRUCTURE-10C, NOC, IFSOTHER MEMBERS

The headquarters of Olympic Commitee is stuated at Lausanne, Swtverland. t was formed on 23 fane, 1894 by Barn
Pierre De Coubertin. This commitee is comprised of 105 active members and 32 horary menbers, Bs frst pressent
was a CGreek named Demetrius Vikelas,
This comitee holds Summer &Winter Olynpic CGasres oce every our years, This coorntee oxgasied the First
Summer Oympic Garmes in 1896 in the Gteek city Athens., And the First Winter Olympic Games were nganied in 124
in Chamonix, France. Till 1992, Surnmer Games, to help space the planning of the two evends two years apart fros each
other. The first Surmmer Youth Olympic Gases were oryanized in 2910 in Sngapore, whereas the first youth Winter Olympic
Garnes were organized in 2012 in Innsbruck, city in Austria.
GoVEKNISG CoUNCL
In international Olympic Commitee, there are mernbers of different countries. As present here are 15 members which
constitute 1 President,4 Vice- Presidents, and 10 Executive Board Members. They axe as tollo
L President: ThePresdent of International Olympic Committee is chosen by the members of thás comnite. The
President tenure is for Byears, After the expiry of his tenure, the period can be extended once only lor Sor years.
2. Vice-President: International Olympíc Committee has four Vice Pressdents. They too are chosen by the menber of
International Olympic Commitee, Their tenure is for 4years. After the expiry of their temurs, they can be chosen
again if the members desíre so.
3,Executtve Board: The Executive Board is choen by the members of diferent countries through a secret ballot The
Executive Board of International Olympic Commitee is held responsible for the admánistration of International
OlympicCommittee and the management of its affairs.
FUNCIONS OF INIERNATIONAL. O1SMPIcCoMMITTEE
I0C does different functions which are as follows.
) Thevenue where the Olympic games will be organized is decided by this comnite.
()Toelect the new members, proper functioníng of sports programmes, and selection ofhost city
(Hi) The promotion of sportslgames.
(i) Fight against doping
) Making rules and regulationsfor the smooth functioning of games.
() To encourage various organízations to extend social and economical support to the players.
(v) t encourages and supports the promotion of ethics in sports. t alo aims to encourage education through sports.
(vi) To motivate the clture and education combined along with sports.
(i) Fight against political or commercial abuse of sports and athletes.
9 Encouragingand supporting the promotion of women in ports at alleels.
) Acting against any form ofdiserimination affecting the Olympic movement.
Cai) To motivate the development of sports.
(zi) Taking action in order to strengthen the unity and to protect the independence of the Olympic movement.
NKTIONAL OLYMPICCOMMIITTEES (S0C)
The mission ofthe National Olympic movement is to promote, protect and develop the Olympic movement in their
respective countries,ín acordance with Olympic charter. NOC encourage the deveopment of sports as well as sports for
 ATextbook of Physical Education.y.
all whe providing training of sports administrator based on the fundamentals of Olympism. There are 206 NOC
49
Federations, the NOCe Olympic Value Education
with the International Sport
IOCs the sole authority to recognise a NOC Together
lOC
the Olympic movement under the leadership of theInternational Federations are International non- consti ute 14. To encourage and support a responsible concern heldfor
for all.
13. To encourage and support the development of sport environmental issues, to pronote sustainable deveiopment iri
organizations which are Irecognised
The International Sports Federationss The
by theInternational OlympicSports
Committee (10C) as administering one or more spon
recognition must ensure that their
statutes, practice governme
an sport and to require that the Olympic games are
15. To promote a positive legacy from the Olympic games
accordingly.
to the host cities and host countries.
orld level. International Sports Federations seeking IOC
conforr with the Olympic Charter. establishing andenforcing the rules
concerning aciv 16. To encourage and support initiatives blending
17. To encourage and support the activities of the
sport with culture and education
International Olympic Acadeny (IOA) and other institutions which
TheIntetnational Sports Federations are responsible for the prac dedicate themselves to Olympic education.
of the respective sports and to insure their application. in accordance with the Olympic Charter, includi,
To oversee the development of their sports worldwide acting running of the,y OTHER FEDERATIONS
aphon and implementation of world anti-doping code. To manage and to monitor the everyday Badminton World Federation (BWE)
Federation Internationale de FootbalL Federation of International Basketball
including for those on the programme, the practical organization of events during the Association (FIFA) Amatear (FIBA)
SSPorts disciplines, sports at every level. ISF governs its sport at world r
lew 6International Billiards &Snooker Federation International Boxing Association (1BA)
se the development of athletes practicing these administration of their sports and quarantee the International Biathlon Union (IBU) (IBSE)
Csures s promotion and development. They monitor the everyday (ICF) " International Equestrian Federation (FEI)
International Fencing Federation (FIE)
Oganization of competitions as well as respect for the rules of fair play. the , International Canoe Federation o International Handball Federation (HF)
events calendars, the summer federations, International Golf Federation (IGF)
International Gymnastics Fedaration
An order to discuss common problems and to decide on their " International lce Hockey Federation (IIHF) International Judo Federation (IJF)
federations and the recognised federations have formed associations. International Hockey Federation (FIH) Federation (ISSP)
Federation (FIL) International Modern Pentathlon Union (UTPM)International Shootíng Sport
" International Luge (FIS) "Mountaineering Federation
THE ASSOCIATION OF SUMMER OLYMPIC International Skating Union (ISU) " International Ski Federation Federation (ITTE)
International Swimming Federation (FINA) International Table Tennis
International Federations (ASoI) International Surfing Association International Weightlifting Federation (IWF)
International Sp International Tennis Federation (1TF)
International Volleyball Federation (FIVB)
The Association of International Olvmpic Winter SportsThe Association of IOC Recognised Union Cycliste Internationa (UCI) o World Skate
Federations (AIOWF) Federations (ARISF): Y The International Federation of Sports
Climbing World Triathlon (TRI)
The three main constituets of the Olympic Movement are: o World Taekwondo
(WT)
. The International Olympic Committee ("IOC")
2. The International Sports Federations IFs) OLYMPIC FAMILY
President and
leaders from the Olympic Movement, including the IOCGeneral,
3. The National Olympic Committees ("NOCS").
promote olympism throughout the world and to lead The Olympic Family regroups diverse groups ofNational Olympic Committees Presidents and Secretaries
Chairs
AS per Olympic Charter, the mission of the IOC is to IOC Members, International Federations and others.
Olympic Movement. senior executives, RHB senior executives and
and CEOs of TOP Partners, future OCOG
THE IOCS ROLE IS G PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2.5 G
good governance in sport as well as education of
1 encourage and support the promotion of ethics and prevails, and violen I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (1
MARK)
through sport and to dedicate its efforts to ensuring that, ín sport, the spirit of fair play members. (C.B.S.E. Text Book Question)
banned. 0. 55. The IOC Executive Board has
coordination of sport and sports competitions (c) 8 (d) 10
2 lo encourage and support the organization, development and (a) 1 (b) 2
3. To ensure the regular celebration of the Olympic Games. 0. 56. IOC was formed in
organizations and authorities in the endeavor to place Se (c) 1892 (d) 1890
lo cooperate with the competent public or private (a) 1886 (b) 1894
the service of humanity and thereby to promote peace. Q. 57. In which year did I.0.C. boycott Los Angeles Olympic Games?
protect its independence, to maintain (d) 1988
5. 1o take action to strengthen the unity of the Olympic movement, to (a) 1980 (b) 1996 (c) 1984
promote its political neutrality and to preserve the autonomny of sport. Q. 58. The headquarters of IOC is situated at
() Switzerland (d) France
6. To act against any form of discrimination affecting the Olympic movement (a) New York (6) Paris
Olympic movement, with the IOC athl
7. T0encourage and support elected representative so athletes within the and related matters. 0. 59. IOC was formed on ........
(d) 25 December, 1948
commission acting as their supreme representative on all Olympic games (a) 23 June, 1894 (b) 26 January, 1950 () 12 October, 1894
all levels and in all structures with a vie
8. lo encourage and support the promotion of women in sport at Q. 60. Tenure for the President of International Olympic Committee is
implementing the principle of equality of men and women. (b) 5 years (c) 8 years (d) 20 years
by taking action 20st (a) 10 years
9. To protect clean athletes and the integrity of sport, by leading the fight against doping, and Q. 61. Who was the first President of IOC?
all forms of manipulation of competitions and related corruption. (c) Coubertin (d) Demitrios Vikelas
(a) Jamshedji (b) Sir Dorabji Tata
health of athletes.
10. To encourage and support measures relating to the medical care and o. 62. 10C organises the Modern Olympic Games in every . . . . years.
.
I1. To oppose any political or commercial abuse of sport and athletes. (a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) Five
12. To encourage and support the efforts of sports organizations and public authorities to provide for the social 0. 63. The first Summer Olympic Games by IOC were held in which year?
professional future of athletes. (a) 1986 (b) 1896 (c) 1894 (a) 1956
 MIND MAPPING 52

OLYMPISM VALUE EDUCATION It refers to the philosophy of the Olympic Games

f Concept of Olympism Value of Olympics

To bring communities together stop war
& promote healthy competition free
from cheating. Excellence Friendship Respect
To strive for the best excellence Ifdevelops mutual understanding This includes respet for yourself. The rules &
EDUCATIONAL THEMES OF OLYMPISM &encouraging people to be the between individuals & between regulations your opponents your body, for
best they can be. people all over the world other people, for sport &
for the emvironment

[Joy of Effort Fair PlayRespect of others Persuit of Excellence Balance between Body, will & mind

OLYMPIC GAMEs

Ancient Olympics fModern Olympic Games

Ancient Olympic Games belongs to Greece. " Revival done by Baron Pierre De Coubertin.
Hercules came to Olympia to offer asacrifice to god Zeus. First Modern Olympics games opened on Sunday, March 24, 1896 in AthensGreece
Began at Olympia n Greece in 776 BC. " 28 OlynmpicGames are being held till date

[olympic Motto [olympic Flame Olympic Flag Torch Realy [olympic Greed
" Citius Faster It started in the Modern No border, 5 interlocking ring in Started in 1936 in Berlin 3331 Garme is not to win
" Altius Higher Olympics Games in 1928 held center with white background Runners brought the flame but to take part
Fortius Stronger in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ring represent Continents of through Greece, Bulgaria, Textbook A
Communis Together Flame symbolizes light of Blue Ring America, Yellow Ring Yugoslavia, Hungry, Austria.
spirit knowledge &life. Asia, Black Ring Africa, Green Czechoslovakia and Germany.
Ring Europe, Red Ring Australia. of
1920 Olympic fag used in Physical
EDUCATIONAL THEMES OF OLYMPISM Antwerp, Belgium.

Education-X
Brotherhood [Respect OLYMPIC MOVEMNT

Impartial Game Friendship

International Olympic International Sports National Olympic
[No discrimination) Committee (IOC) Federation (1SF) Committees (NOC)