Q1/W4

SHS

Creative Writing
/Malikhaing Pagsulat
Elements, Techniques, & Literary Devices In
Various Modes of Fiction
 Quarter 1

Learning Activity Sheet 4

Malikhaing Pagsulat

Negros Occidental High School

Government Property
NOT FOR SALE
English – Grade 11/12 Learning Activity Sheet
CW: Week 4 - LAS 4
Creative Writing Second Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

Negros Occidental High School
Corner Araneta-Hernaez Sts.,
Bacolod City, Negros Occidental

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
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This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by the Schools Division of

Negros Occidental and Department of Education – Regional Office 10 and
modified to suit the learners of Negros Occidental High School.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or
mechanical without written permission.
Development and Enhancement Team of Creative Writing Activity Sheet
Negros Occidental High School Senior
High school

Modified by: Hanemar P. Cordero

Cover Page Designer: Deyru J. Morancil

Quality Assurance Team: Rosanna B. Tasic

Rhoda P. Embang
Eunice A. Malala

School Management Team: Donna Bella O. Aposaga

Asst. Principal II for Academics, SHS

Mario S. Amaca
Principal IV

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Introductory Message
Welcome to Grade 11/12 CREATIVE WRITING!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of

the Division of Negros Occidental and the Division English Coordinators,
writers, illustrators, layout artists, enhancers, reviewers, editors, and Quality
Assurance Team from the Department of Education, Schools Division of
Negros
Occidental. This material is modified to suit the learners of Negros Occidental
High School. This is developed to guide you dear learning facilitators in
helping our learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet aims to guide our learners in accomplishing

activities at their own pace and time. This also aims to assist learners in
developing and achieving the lifelong learning skills while considering their
needs and situations.

For the learning facilitator:

The English Learning Kit is developed to address the current needs of the
learner to continue learning in the comforts of their homes or learning centers.
As the learning facilitator, make sure that you give them clear instructions on
how to study and accomplish the given activities in the material. Learner’s
progress must be monitored.

For the learner:

The English Learning Kit is developed to help you, dear learner, in your
needs to continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material
aims to primarily provide you with meaningful and engaging activities for
independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully read, understand and
follow the instructions given.

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 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 4 CREATIVE
WRITING

I. Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)

Identify the various elements, techniques, and literary devices in
various modes of fiction (HUMSS_CW/MPIg-i-11)

II. Background Information for the Learners

In the previous lesson you learned about fiction and the elements of fiction.
In the elements of fiction, you’ve studied about the types of character, point-
ofview, plot, conflict, and theme. Now, as we go deeper in understanding
fiction let’s explore the different types of literary devices used in crafting
fiction.

TECHNIQUES AND LITERARY DEVICES

A literary device is any method a writer uses to convey his/her message.

These devices add texture, energy and excitement that grips reader’s
imagination. Any component of literature, or a specific work, that we can
recognize, identify, interpret, and/or analyze is referred to as a literary device.
Both literary elements and literary techniques can rightly be called literary
devices.

Literary techniques are specialized, purposeful linguistic constructions that

an author employs to communicate meaning. A literary technique is frequently
employed by an author with a single word or phrase, or a combination of
words or phrases, at a single point in a book.

Below are some of the most commonly used literary devices/techniques

used by writers.

1. Anthropomorphism

When animals or inanimate objects are portrayed as

people in a story, such as by walking, talking, or having
arms, legs, and/or facial features, this is known as
anthropomorphism. It is not the same with
personification.

One classic example of the use of anthropomorphism is

George Orwell’s Animal Farm. This satirical allegorical
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 novella tells the tale of the farm animals who Photo source: Alma Classics. (2021). rebel
against their human farmer. Animal Farm. Retrieved from: https://almabooks.com/product/animal
-farm/
2. Foreshadowing

A literary device used by authors to hint certain plot development that

perhaps will come to be later in the story. It is the presentation of
material in a work in such a way that later/future events are prepared for.
It provides clues to the readers about what will happen on the plot.

However, if the outcome is disclosed deliberately early in a story (for

example, through the use of a narrator or a flashback framework), this
information is not considered foreshadowing.

3. Mood and Tone

In literature, mood is a literary element that elicits certain feelings or

vibes in readers through words and descriptions. Mood pertains to the
atmosphere of a literary piece, as it creates an emotional setting that
surrounds the readers. Mood is developed in a literary piece through
various methods, including setting, theme, tone, and diction. It is the
atmosphere created by the author’s words. It is a feeling that the readers
get from reading the work. Mood can be joyful, gloomy, frightening or
mysterious. It is the way a text makes the reader feel.

While tone on the other hand, is the attitude of the author toward the
writing and readers. It is achieved through word choice, sentence
construction and word order. A tone can be serious, satirical, sarcastic or
solemn. It is the way a narrator, speaker or character speaks; these are
done by the author.

4. Symbolism

Symbolism is the use of certain objects or images

to represent abstract ideas. It is a literary device that
contains several layers of meaning, usually
concealed or hidden at first sight. It is a
representative of other aspects/ traits/concepts that
those that are visible in the literal translation alone. It
is using an object or actions that means something
more than its literal meaning.
Photo source: Dela Paz, P.
The word symbol comes from the Greek word (2019). Dove Flying. Retrieved

2
 symbolom. Symbol is any word or any object that from: https://www.pngitem.com/mid
stands for another word or object. This object or word dle/ibixiRolive-branch_dove-symbol-
flying-pigeon-peace-can be seen with the eye or not visible. For example: a paloma/

dove stands for peace. The dove can be seen

and peace cannot.
5. Motif

Motif is any element, subject, idea, or concept that is always present

through the entire body of work. Motifs are very noticeable and play a
significant role in defining the nature of the story, the course of events
and the very fabric of the literary piece. A motif may also be two
contradictory elements in a work, such as good and evil. A motif is
important for it allows one to see main points and themes that the
author is trying to express.

The Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad has a motif of observation

and eavesdropping. Marlow, the protagonist, gets information about the
world either by observing his surroundings or listening to the
conversation of others.

THE MODES OF FICTION

People love telling stories and anyone can tell a story, but writing a story on
the other hand is more complicated than just telling a story for it requires
structure, through the form of the five narrative modes of fiction. Narrative
modes in fiction are the methods or ways that writers use in telling their
stories.

THE FIVE NARRATIVE MODES

1. Dialogue

Dialogue is the talk between your characters. Dialogue is the spoken

communication found within quotation marks. Dialogue and thought has
three purposes; first, they reveal something about the character. Second,
they build tension. Third, they help advance the story.

Dialogue is spoken action, that means it is spoken aloud, while thought

is an internal monologue. Dialogue is a conversation between characters
that can help to evolve the characters. Dialogues can be recognized in a
text because of its structure. See the photos below.

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 Photo source: Pope,B.R. (30 Sept. 2021). How to Write Dialogue: Formatting, Examples, & Tips. Retrieved from: https://self
publishingschool.com/how-to-write-dialogue/

2. Action

Action is a driving force of your narrative, it does not only advance the
story, but also, to reveal information about your characters. Readers
become engaged when something happens to the fictional characters. It
is something that happens and may include dialogue, gestures, and other
activities.

Example:
Nola didn’t look back at the drenched, angry matron standing at the edge
of the schoolyard with her hands on her hops. Will turned on the wipers.
He took off his expensive wet hat, threw it in the back, and drove Nola
away in the rainstorm, imagining the taste of the rain on her skin.

In this passage the action not only moves the plot of the story forward,
but also reveals something about the personalities of the three characters
involved.

3. Thought

A character’s thoughts might be simply

thoughts. But a character could talk to himself
in his head, calling himself names, for example,
for the foolish risks he took or giving himself a
pep talk. Thoughts move the story, advances
tension and can reveal the persona’s character.

Example:
“The Indian world is on a collision course with
the white world,” Billy said. Wasn’t that the truth, and thinking doodle elements. Retrieved from: Photo
source: Jly19. (2021). People talking

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 Horse thought.” https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free vector/peopleelements-talking-vector-and-23904831-thinking-
doodle-

4. Description

Description are those deep sensory images the writer wants the reader
to experience. It sets the mood and the scene and it provides an
explanation. It gives details about the place, person or thing.

Example:
Tornado Nola, as it came to be called, was a favorite topic in Indian
Territory. The twister had touched down only in select locations. It
destroyed the Catholic church, but it left the Baptist church untouched.
The most devout of both faiths concluded it was God’s will they attend
the Baptist church. Slogan on TV suggests, and the floor was sticky
with spilled drinks from the children scurrying around like an
infestation, waiting to be pressed into the ground by a careless foot.
5. Exposition
This refers to the details the narrator gives about the characters or
story. Exposition tells readers about the important elements of the story
or characters. It is usually used in the initial part and transitions of the
story. Exposition articulates the time, change of place or mood or change
in the motivation of the characters.

Example:
Unlike her mother, however, she had Catholic leanings and (the
following phrases are further details that describe the character’s Catholic
leanings) placed anemic looking statues of saints, Jesus, and the blond
Virgin Mary throughout the rooms. She burned candles at the feet of the
statues. And her monkey wore a rhinestone collar.

III. Summative Test 4: Please answer in a 1 whole sheet of paper to be passed on

Friday. Copy and answer.
A.
Directions: Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What refers to the details the narrator gives about a character and it
tells readers about the important elements of the story or characters?
A. Action B. Description C. Dialogue D. Exposition

2. What literary device is used by authors to give hint for certain plot
development that may come later in the story?
A. Flashback B. Foreshadowing C. Motif D. Symbolism
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 3. What refers to the attitude of the author towards the writing and the
readers?
A. Mood B. Motif C. Symbol D. Tone

4. What narrative mode means the conversation between characters that

can help to evolve the characters?
A. Action B. Description C. Dialogue D. Thought

5. What narrative mode sets the mood and gives details about the place,
person or thing?
A. Action B. Description C. Dialogue D. Thought

6. What is the tone of the following sentence? "'Here we go again,' he

moaned, as he watched the other team score yet another goal."
A. Excitement B. Frustration C. Fury D. Joy

7. What feeling does the reader get as he/she reads the text?
A. Motif B. Mood C. Thought D. Tone

8. What is the tone of the following text? “I will not!” she shouted. “I will
not be left at the mercy of our enemies while you slink away!”
A. Angry B. Happy C. Pleased D. Suspicious

9. “She hesitated, listening for sounds of the creature. The forest

seemed empty, but she could sense something else out there.
Something watching and waiting.” What is the mood in the passage?
A. Depressing B. Joyful C. Romantic D. Suspenseful

10. What narrative mode is used on the underlined passage below?

She prays earnestly for her unborn child saying, “Mold my child to be the
best creature it could be.”
A. Action B. Description C. Dialogue D. Thought

B: Narrative Mode
Directions: Read the selection below and determine the mode used
particularly on the underlined texts. Write your answers in your study
notebook.

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 _______________ 1. Jack grabbed his backpack and hopped off the bus.
_______________ 2. “Perfect.” His eyes aimed the book he needed for his
research while taking long strides on the library aisle.
_______________ 3. Jack had a quick look to the clock and realized he is
late again for his next class. His scruffy learning materials were all
together jammed into his bag.
_______________ 4. Hannah, hurry! Let’s go to Professor Paige’s class.
_______________ 5. His checkered backpack rolled over the sleek, wide
corridor. His face turned bright red.

C. Guide Questions

1. Why is it necessary to study the literary devices and techniques of fiction?

2. How will you use your learning on literary techniques and narrative modes in
real life?