BHISHMA (JEE Advanced) 2023

Kinematics Practice Sheet

Single Choice Questions: 5. Rain, driven by the wind, falls on a railway

1. A particle slides from rest from the topmost point compartment with a velocity of 20 m/s, at an angle
of a vertical circle of radius R along a smooth chord of 30° to the vertical. The train moves, along the
making an angle  with the vertical. The time of direction of wind flow, at a speed of
descent is 108 km/hr. Determine the apparent velocity of rain
for a person sitting in the train.
(1) least for  = 0 (2) maximum for  = 0
(3) least for  = 45° (4) independent of  (1) 20 7 m/s (2) 10 7 m/s
(3) 15 7 m/s (4) 10 7 km/h
2. A 2 m wide truck is moving with a uniform speed
v0 = 8 m/s along a straight horizontal road. 6. The ratio of the distance carried away by the water
A pedestrian starts to cross the road with a uniform current, downstream, in crossing a river, by a
speed v when the truck is 4 m away from him. The person, making same angle with downstream and
minimum value of v so that he can cross the road upstream are, respectively, as 2 : 1. The ratio of the
safely is speed of person to the water current cannot be less
(1) 2.62 m/s (2) 4.6 m/s than
(3) 3.57 m/s (4) 1.414 m/s (1) 1/3 (2) 4/5
(3) 1/5 (4) 4/3
3. Two balls are dropped from the top of a high tower
with a time interval of t0 second, where t0 is smaller 7. A particle is projected from ground at some angle
than the time taken by the first ball to reach the with the horizontal. Let P be the point at maximum
floor, which is perfectly inelastic. The distance s height H. At what height above the point P the
between the two balls, plotted against the time particle should be aimed to have range equal to
lapse t from the instant of dropping the second ball maximum height?
is best represented by
(1) H (2) 2H
(3) H/2 (4) 3H
(1) (2)
8. A person takes an aim at a monkey sitting on a tree
and fires a bullet. Seeking the smoke the monkey
begins to fall freely; then the bullet will
(1) always hit the monkey
(3) (4) (2) go above the monkey
(3) go below the monkey
(4) hit the monkey if the initial velocity of the
bullet is more than a certain velocity
4. A truck is moving with a constant velocity of 54
km/h. In which direction (angle with the direction 9. A particle is projected with a certain velocity at an
of motion of truck) should a stone be projected up angle  above the horizontal from the foot of an
with a velocity of 20 m/s, from the floor of the inclined plane of inclination 30°. If the particle
truck, so as to appear at right angles to the truck, strikes the plane normally then  is equal to
for a person standing on the earth?
 3
−1 
3 −1 
1 (1) 30 + tan −1  
(1) cos  −  (2) cos  −   2 
 4  4
(2) 45°
2 3
(3) cos −1   (4) cos −1   (3) 60°
3 4
(4) 30 + tan −1 (2 3)
10. A particle is projected from the ground with an 14. A particle is dropped from a tower in a uniform
initial speed of v at an angle  with horizontal. The gravitational field at t = 0. The particle is blown
average velocity of the particle between its point of over by a horizontal wind with constant velocity.
projection and highest point of trajectory is Slope (m) of trajectory of the particle with
v horizontal and its kinetic energy vary according to
(1) 1 + 2cos 2  (2) v 1 + 2cos 2 
2 the curves.
v
(3) 1 + 3cos 2  (4) v cos 
2

(1) (2)
One or More than One correct:
11. At t = 0, an arrow is fired vertically upwards with
a speed of 100 ms–1. A second arrow is fired
vertically upwards with the same speed at t = 5 s.
Then
(1) the two arrows will be at the same height (3) (4)
above the ground at t = 12.54 s
(2) the two arrows will reach back their starting
points at t = 20 s and t = 25 s
(3) the ratio of the speeds of the first and second 15. The coordinates of a particle moving in a plane arc
arrows at t = 20 s will be 2 : 1. given by: x = a cos(pt) and y = b sin(pt), where a, b
(4) the maximum height attained by either arrow (< a) and p are positive constant of appropriate
will be 1000 m dimensions, then
(1) The path of the particle is an ellipse.
12. A particle moves along a straight line and its
velocity depends on time as v = 4t – t2. Then for (2) The velocity and acceleration of the particle
first 5 s are normal to each other at t = /2p.
(1) Average velocity is 25/3 m
(3) The acceleration of the particle is always
(2) Average speed is 10 m/s
directed towards a focus.
(3) Average velocity is 5/3 m/s
(4) The distance travelled by the particle in time
(4) Acceleration is 4 m/s2 at t = 0
interval, t = 0 to t = /2p is a.

13. Suppose two particles, 1 and 2, are projected in

vertical plane simultaneously. Matrix Match Type Question:
16. A ball is projected from the ground with velocity v
such that its range is maximum.
Column-I Column-II

i. Velocity at half of the maximum v

Their angles of projection are 30° and , a.
height 2
respectively, with the horizontal. Let they collide
after a time t in air. Then v
ii. Velocity at the maximum height b.
(1)  = sin–1 (4/5) and they will have same speed 2
just before the collision.
(2)  = sin–1 (4/5) and they will have different iii. Change in its velocity when it
returns to the ground
c. v 2
speed just before the collision.
(3) x  1280 3 − 960m . iv. Average velocity when it reaches v 5
d.
(4) If is possible that the particles collide when the maximum height 2 2
both of them are at their highest point.
 Passage: 19. The time taken for the displacement vectors of two
From a tower of height 40 m, two bodies are bodies to become perpendicular to each other is
simultaneously projected horizontally in opposite (1) 0.1 s (2) 0.2 s
directions, with velocities of 2 m/s and 8 m/s, (3) 0.4 s (4) 0.8 s
respectively.
17. The time taken for the velocity vectors of two
Integer Type Question:
bodies to become perpendicular to each other is
20. A ship A streams due north at 16 km/hr and a ship
(1) 0.1 s (2) 0.2 s
B due west at 12 km/h. At a certain instant B is
(3) 0.4 s (4) 0.8 s 10 km north east of A.
The nearest distance of approach of ships is
18. The horizontal distance between two bodies, when x m. Find the value of x.
their velocity are perpendicular to each other is
(1) 1 m (2) 0.5 m
(3) 2 m (4) 4 m
 ANSWER KEY

1. (4) 11. (1, 2, 3)

2. (3) 12. (3, 4)
3. (4) 13. (2, 3, 4)
4. (1) 14. (2, 3)
5. (2) 15. (1, 2)
6. (1) 16. i. → a., ii. → b., iii. → c., iv. → d.
7. (1) 17. (3, 4)
8. (4) 18. (4)
9. (1) 19. (4)
10. (3) 20. (2)
 Hints & Solution
1. (4) 4. (1)
a = g sin  = g sin(90 − ) (Figure) Let the stone be projected at an angle  to the
= g cos  direction of motion of truck with a speed of
l = 2R cos  v = 20 m/s. Since the resultant displacement along
horizontal is zero.

The velocity along horizontal = 0

1
Now using s = ut + at 2 3
2 15 + 20cos  = 0  cos  = −
4
1
 l = 0  t + g cos t 2  3
2   = cos −1  −  = 13835
1  4
2R
 2 R cos  = g cos t 2  t =
2 g
5. (2)
This is independent of .
5
Speed of train = 108  = 30 m / s
2. (3) 18
Let the man starts crossing the road at an angle  Let and vR and vT represent the respective
with the roadside. For safe crossing, the condition velocities of rain and train.
is that the man must cross the road by the time truck
Now, the relative velocity of rain w.r.t. person
describes the distance (4 + 2 cot )
(train) is given by vR,T = vR − vT  vR + ( −vT )
4 + 2cot  2l sin  8
So, = or v =
8 v 2sin  + cos 
dv
For minimum v, =0
d
−8(2cos  − sin )
or = 0 or 2cos  − sin  = 0
(2sin  + cos )2
2 1
or tan  = 2 , so so sin  = ,cos  =
5 5
vmin =
8
=
8
= 3.57 m / s OT 2 = OR 2 + RT 2 + 2OR  RT cos120
 2  1 5
+
2 1
= 202 + 302 − 2  20  30 
 5 5 2
= 400 + 900 − 600 = 700 = 700 m / s
3. (4)
From OMR [where M is the foot of perpendicular
Before the second ball is dropped, the first ball drawn from point O on RT]
1
would have travelled some distance say S0 = gt02 OM = 20cos30 = 10 3
2
. After dropping second ball, relative acceleration MR = 20sin30 = 10, MT = 30 − 10 = 20
of both balls becomes zero. So distances between If  be the angle which the apparent velocity makes
them increases linearly. After some time, the first TM 20
ball will collide with the ground and the distance with vertical, then tan  = =
OM 10 3
between them will start decreasing and magnitude
of relative velocity will be increasing for this time.  2 
  = tan −1  
Option (4) represents all these clearly.  3
6. (1) 7. (1)
AC = R/2, PC = H
Motion of the person, making an angle (say ) with
We have to find h = MP
the downstream.
From Problem 29 (Figure), we know that if H = R,
then tan  = 4,

d
The time taken to cross the river =
v sin 
The distance carried away down stream in the same
time is equal to speed × time.
MC MP + PC
d Now tan  ==
x = (u + v cos ) ...(i) AC AC
v sin 
h+H (h + H )2
4= 4=
Motion of the person, making  angle with R/2 H
upstream. h=H

d
The time taken to cross the river is equal to 8. (4)
v sin 
If there were no gravity the bullet would reach
Distance carried away downstream in the same height H in the time t taken by it to travel the
horizontal distance x, i.e.,
time
x
d H = u sin t and x = u cos t or t =
x = u + v cos (180 −  ) u cos 
v sin  However, because of gravity the bullet has an
acceleration g vertically downwards, so in time t
d
x = (u − v cos ) ...(ii) the bullet will reach a height
v sin 
1 1
y = u sin  t − gt 2 = H − gt 2
d 2 2
(u + v cos )
Given, v sin  = 2
d 1
(u − v cos )
v sin 
(u + v cos ) 2
=  3v cos  = u
(u − v cos ) 1

v sec 
 = ...(iii)
u 3
sec  1
sec   1  
3 3 1 2
This is lower than H by gt which is exactly the
v 1 2
From equation (iii),  so , amount the monkey falls in this time. So the bullet
u 3
will hit the monkey regardless of the initial velocity
v 1 of the bullet so long as it is great enough to
cannot less than . travel the horizontal distance to the tree before
u 3
hitting the ground. (For large u lesser will be the
time of motion; so the monkey is hit near its initial
 position and for smaller u it is hit just before it 2v sin 
reaches the floor.) Bullet will hit the monkey only and T = time of flight =
g
and only if
v
1
y  0, i.e., H − gt 2  0 vav = 1 + 3cos 2 
2 2

1 2 1 x2
or H  gt or H  g 2 11. (1, 2, 3)
2 2 u cos 2  Let they meet at height h after time t.

( )
x g g 1
or u  or u  x 2 + H 2 = u0 h = 100t − gt 2 → for first arrow
cos  2 H 2H 2
If u < u0, the bullet will hit the ground before 1
= 100(t − 5) − g (t − 5)2 → for second arrow
reaching the monkey. 2
 t = 12.5 (after solving), So (1) is correct.
9. (1) 2u 2  100
2u sin (  − 30 ) Time of flight of first arrow: T = = = 20 s.
tAB = time of flight of projectile = g 10
g cos30 Second arrow will reach after 5 s of reaching first,
Now component of velocity along the plane so (2) is correct
becomes zero at point B. v1 = 100 – 10 × 20 = –100 m/s
v2 = 100 – –10 × 15 = –50 m/s
v
ratio: 1 = 2 :1 , so (3) is correct.
v2
Maximum height attained
u 2 (100)2
H= = = 500 m. Hence (4) is incorrect.
2 g 2  10

0 = u cos (  − 30 ) − g sin 30 T 12. (3, 4)

2u sin (  − 30 )
 vdt  ( 4t − t )dt
5 5 2
or u cos (  − 30 ) = g sin 30
g cos30 Average velocity v = 05 = 0 5
cot 30 3 0 dt 0 dt
or tan (  − 30 ) = = 5
2 2  2 t2 
 3  2t −  50 −
125
or  = 30 + tan −1    3 
3 = 25 = 5
= 0
=
 2  5 5 3 5 3
For average speed, let us put v = 0, which gives
10. (3) t = 0 and t = 4 s.
Displacement H 2 + R2 / 4 4 5
Average velocity =
Time
=
T /2
0 vdt + 4 vdt
 average speed = 5
0 dt
0 ( 4t − t )dt + 45 vdt
4 2

=
5
 2 t 3 4  2 t3 
5

 2t −   2t − 
+
Here, H = max height  3   3 
= 0 4
v 2 sin 2  5
=
2g  64   1 
 32 −  +  2(25 − 16) − (125 − 64)  5
=
v 2 sin 2 3   3 =
R = range = 5 3
g
 dv d dy 2 gx g
For acceleration; a = = (4t − t 2 ) = 4 − 2t =− 2 =− 2 x
dt dt dx 2v0 v0
At t = 0, a = 4 m/s2 Hence, the curve between the slope and x will be a
 Option (3) and (4) are correct and options (1) and straight line passing through the origin and will
(2) are wrong. have a negative slope. It means that option (2) is
correct.
13. (2, 3, 4) Since, horizontal velocity of the particle remains
If they collide, their vertical component of dy gt
velocities should be same, i.e. constant, therefore x = v0t . We get =−
100sin  = 160sin 30  sin  = 4 / 5
dx v0
Their vertical components will always be same. So the graph between m and time t will have the
Horizontal components: same shape as the graph between m and x. Hence,
option (1) is wrong.
160cos30 = 80 3 m / s
The vertical component of velocity of the particle
and at time t is equal to gt. Hence, at time t, KE of the
100cos  = 100  3 / 5 = 60 m / s
1
particle, KE = m ( gt )2 + ( v0 ) 
2
They are not same, hence their velocities will not
be same at any time. So (2) is correct. 2  
It means, the graph between KE and time t should
1 2
be a parabola having value mv0 at t = 0.
2
Therefore, option (3) is correct.
As the particle falls, its height decreases and KE
x = x1 − x2 = 160cos30t − 100cos t increases. The KE increases linearly with height of
 x = (80 3 − 60)t its fall or the graph between KE and height of the
particle will be a straight line having negative
2  160  sin 30
Time of flight: T = = 16 s slope. Hence, option (4) is wrong.
g
Now t < T → to collide in air 15. (1, 2)
x x = a cos( pt ), y = b sin( pt )
  16  x  1280 3 − 960
80 3 − 60 2
x  y
2

Since their times of flight are the same, they will Equation of path in x-y plane:   +   = 1
a b 
simultaneously reach their maximum height. So it
i.e., the path of the particle is an ellipse.
is possible to collide at highest point for certain
Position vector of a point P is:
values of x.
r = a cos ptiˆ + b sin ptjˆ
14. (2, 3)  v = p(−a sin ptiˆ + b cos ptjˆ)
Since the particle is dropped, it means that the and, a = − p 2 (a cos ptiˆ + b sin ptjˆ) = − p 2 r
initial velocity of the particle is equal to zero. But
the particle is blown over by a wind with a constant also, v ·a = 0 at t =  / 2 p
velocity along horizontal direction, therefore, the
particle has a horizontal component of velocity. Let 16. i. → a., ii. → b., iii. → c., iv. → d.
this component be v0. Then it may be assumed that i. → a. Range is maximum, when the angle of
the particle is projected horizontally from the top projection is 45°
of the tower with velocity v0. v2 v2
Hence, for the particle, initial velocity u = v0 and H= sin 2 45; H = ...(i)
angle of projection  = 0°. 2g 4g
We know equation of trajectory is: Velocity, at half of the maximum height is v 
gx 2 H 2 v 2 v 2
y = x tan  − 2 v2 = v 2 sin 2 45 − 2 g ;v = −
2u cos 2  2 2 4
gx 2 v2 v
Here, y = v 2 =  v =
2v02 4 2
ii. → b. Velocity at the maximum height
The slope of the trajectory of the particle
 v Velocity of second body at any instant
v = v cos 45  v =
2 v2 = −8iˆ − gtjˆ
[because vertical component of velocity is zero at Since v1 ⊥ v2 i.e., v1  v2 = 0
the highest point]
(2iˆ − gtjˆ)(−8iˆ − gtjˆ) = 0  t = −16 + g 2t 2 = 0
iii. → c. Projection velocity
At projection point, vi = v cos 45iˆ + v sin 45 ˆj t =
16
t =
4
= 0.4 s
2 10
At the point, when the body strike the ground g
v f = v cos 45iˆ − v sin 45 ˆj
18. (4)
v = v f + ( −vi ) = 2v sin 45(− ˆj )
S1 = (2  0.4)iˆ, S2 = (8  0.4)(−iˆ)
| v |= 2v sin 45 = v 2 S1 = 0.8iˆ and S2 = −3.2iˆ
( )
Total displacement
iv. → d. Average velocity = Separation = S1 − − S2 = 0.8iˆ + (3.2iˆ) = 4iˆ
Total time

19. (4)
1 1
S1 = 2tiˆ − gt 2 ˆj , S2 = −8tiˆ − gt 2 ˆj
2 2
as S1 ⊥ S2 i.e., S1S2 = 0
2 1 1
R −16t +  g 2t 4 = 0  g 2t 2 = 16  4
Displacement =   + H 2 2 2
2
8
R2  gt = 4  2  t = = 0.8 s
+ H2 10
4 R2 + 4H 2
vav = =
v sin  2v sin  20. (2)
g g 16 4
v A/ B = 12iˆ + 16 ˆj , tan  = =
2 2 2 3
 v2   v2 
  + 4   v A/ B = (12)2 + (16)2 = 20 km / h
 g   4g 
vav =
2v
g
v2 1
1+
g 4 v2 5 v 5
= = =
v 2 2v 2 2 2 DB = EB sin  = (OB − OE )sin 
g
 OA 
17. (3) =  AB cos 45 −  sin 
 tan  
Velocity of first body at any instant t , v1 = 2iˆ − gtjˆ
 10 B 4
= − AB cos 45  
 2 4 5
10  1  4
=  = 2 km
2  4  5

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