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1.14 Function Model Construction and Application-4

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84 views8 pages

1.14 Function Model Construction and Application-4

ccc

Uploaded by

absidee1202
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

14 Function Model Construction and Application


Independent: x, explanatory
Dependent: y, response
Regression: The regression equation is the equation that fits the data the best.
̂ = predicted value of y in a regression equation
𝒚
Linear regression
𝑦̂ = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 Linear Functions

Quadratic regression
𝑦̂ = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 Quadratic Functions

Cubic regression
𝑦̂ = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑

Quartic regression
𝑦̂ = 𝑎𝑥 4 + 𝑏𝑥 3 + 𝑐𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒
TI 84 Directions for Finding the Regression of a Set of Data
1. Press the On Key to turn the calculator on. Press the Stat Key to enter data.

2. Press enter when the following screen appears.

3. If there is already data in the lists to clear the data arrow all the way to the top of the list and
press the Clear Key. Once you press the down arrow the data will erase.

4. Enter the x-values in L1 and arrow over to L2 to enter the y-values.

5. To graph the data, press the 2nd Key and y = Key.


6. Once the Stat Plots screen appears press enter on plot 1. Place the curser on the On
button and press enter to turn the plot on. Make sure the scatterplot is chosen (darken)
and L1 and L2 are chosen (Use the 2nd Key and 1 for list 1, 2nd key and 2 for list 2, etc)

7. Press the Zoom Key (below the graph screen) and choose number 9. Press enter.

8. Method 1: To apply the line of best fit (linear regression), press the Stat Key and right
arrow over to calculate. Scroll down to either 4 or 8 (both give the same equation).
Once the linear regression screen appears, scroll down to calculate and press enter.

9. Next press the y = Key, then the VARS Key (below the arrow keys). Choose number 5,
press enter. Then right arrow over to EQ and press enter.
10. Method 2: To apply the line of best fit (linear regression), press the Stat Key and right
arrow over to calculate. Scroll down to either 4 or 8 (both give the same equation).

11. Once the linear regression screen appears, make sure the X list says L1 and the Y list says
L1. Scroll down to store RegEQ press the VARS Key scroll right to Y-VARS and choose
Function and then choose Y1. Press the enter key.

12. Scroll down and press calculate. This will create the regression equation and paste the
regression equation into the y = Key.

13. Press the y = Key to make sure the equation pasted correctly. If the equation pasted
press the Graph Key (below the graph screen).
Nspire Directions for Finding the Regression of a Set of Data

1. Press the Home Key . Choose Lists and Spreadsheets to enter the data into a list.

2. Enter data by typing numbers and then pushing enter. Arrow between columns. Make
sure to name both lists. Arrow all the way to the top of the column to name the list.

3. Press the Home Key . Choose Data and Statistics to graph the data and analyze
the data.

4. To graph the data, drag the arrow to the bottom of the screen until the click to enter
menu opens. Use the click button (center of picture below) to enter the x-value.
5. Next drag the arrow to the left of the screen until the click to enter menu opens. Use
the click button (center of picture above) to enter the y-value.

6. To analyze the data, press the Menu Key and choose analyze. Then choose
regression and choose which regression applies to the data. Press enter.

Interpolation – An estimated data value inside the known values of the data set.
Extrapolation – An estimated data value outside the known values of the data set. It is always
a wise decision to be careful with using values outside the known values of the data set.
Extrapolation assumes that the data is going to follow the same pattern in the long run which is
not always the case.

Example: It seems that the data is linear when in fact once past the known values of the data
provided the function takes a turn.
Direct and Inverse Proportions:

Example (direct proportion):


The cost of a circular table is directly proportional to the square of the radius. A circular table
with a radius of 40 cm costs $50. What is the cost of a circular table with a radius of 60 cm?
Direct proportion: 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥
𝐶 = 𝑘𝑟 2 C = Cost r = radius
50 = 𝑘(40)2
50 = 1600𝑘
50
𝑘=
1600
1
𝑘=
32
1
𝐶= (60)2
32
𝐶 = $112.50
Example (inverse proportion):
The time taken, t seconds, that it takes a water heater to boil water is inversely proportional to
the power, p watts, of the water heater. When P = 2000 W, T = 252 seconds. Find the time it
takes to boil water when P = 800 W
𝑘
Inverse proportion: 𝑦 =
𝑥
𝑘
𝑇=
𝑃
𝑘
252 =
2000
𝑘 = 504000
540000
𝑇=
800
𝑇 = 630 seconds

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