Tier: GLB - Global

Doc Type: Procedure

Element or Subelement: Operations
Doc Number: OPS-GLB-En-103188
Rev. AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021

Common Drilling Guidelines

Booklet Rendition
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Table of Contents
1 Purpose 1
2 Scope 1
3 Responsibility and Authority 1
4 Governance Documents 1
5 Terms and Definitions 1
6 Records 1
7 General Requirements 2
7.1 Wellbore Positioning and Collision Avoidance 2
8 Tripping In / Tripping Out 3
8.1 General Best Practices 3
8.2 Tripping through Tight Spots 4
8.3 Tripping through High Local Dogleg 6
9 Drilling Procedures and Practices 8
9.1 Vibration Monitoring and Management 8
9.2 Automatic Driller Guidelines 14
9.3 Bit Break-in Procedure 16
9.4 Making Connections—AutoTrak Systems and Motor BHAs 17
9.5 Reaming Guidelines—AutoTrak Systems 18
9.6 Automated Downlinking (AutoTrak BHA, Motor BHA, Motorized AutoTrak BHA) 21
9.7 Drilling Out Cement and Casing Shoe – AutoTrak Systems 22
9.8 Drilling Hard Abrasive Formations 23
9.9 Drilling Interbedded Formations 24
9.10 Drilling in Soft Formations 25
9.11 Drilling with Reamers/ Hole Enlargement Tools—AutoTrak Systems 26
10 Sidetracking / Kicking Off 27
10.1 General Considerations 27
10.2 Open-Hole Sidetrack—Motor BHA 27
10.3 Open-Hole Sidetrack—AutoTrak Systems 28
10.4 Planned Sidetrack Off Cement Plug—Motor BHAs 30

Page i

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Baker Hughes – Company Confidential

 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

10.5 Planned Sidetrack Off Cement Plug—AutoTrak Systems 31

10.6 Whipstock/Lateral Casing Exits 32
10.7 Kicking Off From Vertical—AutoTrak Systems 35
11 Troubleshooting and Special Operations 39
11.1 Negative Drill Break 39
11.2 Borehole Patterns 40
11.3 High Local Dogleg—AutoTrak Systems 42
11.4 Preventing Accidental Sidetracking from Existing Hole 43
11.5 FIT/LOT Preparation—AutoTrak Systems 44
11.6 Controlling Losses, Lost Circulation Material 45
11.7 Jetting—Rotary BHA 46

Page ii

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Baker Hughes – Company Confidential

 Level: L2 - Procedure Tier: GLB - Global
Sub Element: Operations
Doc Number: OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD

Common Drilling Guidelines

Booklet Rendition

1 Purpose
This document serves as a quick, consolidated reference of recommended procedures for
common drilling activities with Rotary Steerable or Steerable Motor Systems.

2 Scope
The individual procedures show for which systems and situations they apply. This document
does not replace tool-specific operating procedures or training.

3 Responsibility and Authority

Field Service Engineers and Remote Operations (RO) Engineers are responsible to adhere
to this document, as applicable, and to ensure all relevant HS&E, risk management, and
management of change requirements are followed.

4 Governance Documents
All relevant Baker Hughes, a GE company (BHGE), governance documents and policies
apply. Product-specific documentation applies and supersedes this document in case of
conflict.

5 Terms and Definitions

Baker Hughes Enterprise Glossary

6 Records
Records will be generated according to the general and product-specific reporting and
records management requirements. Individual procedures in this document may include a
requirement to generate certain records.

Effective
Rev. RDR Amendment Detail Reviewer Approver
Date
Rodriguez, Stewart, Jamie A 16 September
AD 6632/KK Updated Document
Alejandro C 2021
Rodriguez, Stewart, Jamie A
AC 6582/KK Removed one step from 8.3.2 2 June 2021
Alejandro C
Rodriguez, Stewart, Jamie A 19 November
AB 6214/AH Updated Lucida VSS
Alejandro C 2020
Rodriguez, Stewart, Jamie A
AA 5818/AH Added Remote Operation Engineers 18 June 2020
Alejandro C
Copyright 2015–2020, 2021 Baker Hughes Company. All rights reserved. The information contained in this document is company confidential and proprietary property of
Baker Hughes and its affiliates. It is to be used only for the benefit of Baker Hughes and may not be distributed, transmitted, reproduced, altered, or used for any other
purpose without the express written consent of Baker Hughes.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 1 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

7 General Requirements
7.1 Wellbore Positioning and Collision Avoidance
7.1.1 Background
The two main wellbore positioning objectives are to hit the target and not collide with offset
wells. All rig site wellbore positioning activities are aligned with these objectives and are
described in detail in the procedures referenced below. In summary, the Directional Driller
(DD) and RO must ensure that:
 The wellpath being drilled is the current definitive plan.
 The rig is over the slot that the plan originates from and the correct surface location is
being used.
 The client representative, rig crew and BHGE personnel are briefed on all aspects of the
survey and collision avoidance programs that affect them.
 The tool face offset between the steering tool and the survey tool is correctly measured
and applied.
 The survey program is followed.
 The agreed upon collision avoidance program is followed.
 AutoTrak assemblies can identify correct rib position. AutoTrak Steering Units using a
magnetic method (AutoTrak Curve/ eXact/ Legacy 4-3/4 in.) will lose steering definition
when drilling along the magnetic field vector (i.e. Aligned magnetic North/South and
Magnetic Dip Angle).
7.1.2 References
 Wellbore Positioning - Directional Survey Service BHOS-OPS-086
 Collision Avoidance Management BHOS-OPS-088
 Directional Survey Service Operations Manual OPS-GLB-En-101294
 Wellbore Positioning - Collision Avoidance Standard OPS-GLB-En-102971
 Wellbore Positioning - Collision Avoidance Procedure OPS-GLB-En-103426
 Wellbore Positioning - Well Planning Manual OPS-GLB-En-106638

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 2 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

8 Tripping In / Tripping Out

8.1 General Best Practices
8.1.1 Tripping In
The equipment diameters through which the Baker tools will pass need to be properly store
and communicate to RO and office.
Never force the drill string into a known tight spot.
The DD MUST be on the rig floor during the RIH past the
BOP, any casing diameter changes, and through the
NOTICE whipstock or casing shoe.
The DD should also be present on the rig floor during
running in open hole to watch for BHA taking weight.

 Gauge all BHA components, including the drill bit, before running in hole.
 Set Steering Unit to RIBS OFF whenever an AutoTrak assembly is tripped in/out.
 If necessary, fill drill pipe periodically using a slow pump speed. Stop at the first indication
of any pressure increase.
 Always start the pumps before the rotary. In narrow equivalent circulating density (ECD)
margin wells it may be necessary to start rotary before bringing the pumps up. In such
situation, ensure that the pumps are started as soon as possible.
 Use a float valve to prevent back flow while tripping in or making a connection and to
protect BHA components from being plugged up with solids.

The BHGE-provided float valves must not be used for

NOTICE any Well Control purposes.

 Check borehole restriction identification form (ATK-20-70-0000-04-18). Keep records of all

tight spots.
 Define a maximum set down weight limit to identify and stop due to tight spots (e.g.
10,000 lbf/ 50 kN).
 Trip at controlled and steady speeds.
 Monitor Slack-off weights and compare against modelled values.
 Do not rotate the BHA over a whipstock.
 Pay attention when tripping in with a different BHA design than the one the hole was
drilled with. There is an increased risk of stuck pipe due to wellbore geometry.
 Performing a short or wiper trip: The filter cake might have been scraped off – increased
risk of stuck pipe due to differential sticking.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 3 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Do difficulties occur when running back to bottom after a trouble-

free trip out?
Note If swab pressure had fallen below formation collapse pressure, the
borehole may have (partially) collapsed during trip out. Reduce
tripping out speed going forward!

8.1.2 Tripping Out

Never pump out of hole

NOTICE Do not back-ream out of the hole to clean the hole
Never force the drill string into a known tight spot

 Circulate the hole clean at maximum safe flow rate before tripping out. Always be
prepared that cuttings in a highly deviated or horizontal well can cause trouble while
tripping even if hole appears clean.
 Condition the mud while circulating.
 Define a maximum over pull limit to identify and stop due to tight spots (e.g. 10,000 lbf/
50kN).
 Check borehole restriction identification form (ATK-20-70-0000-04-18). Keep records of all
tight spots.
 Identify high risk zones for stuck pipe (e.g. highly permeable layer, break-out interval, high
local dogleg section, whip stock etc.) Do not stop tripping with the BHA in a high-risk
zone.
 Trip at controlled and steady speeds.
 Monitor Pick-up weights and compare against modelled values.
 Never force the drill string into a tight spot.
 Be aware that casing is no safe heaven. Accumulated cuttings inside the casing can pack
off.

8.2 Tripping through Tight Spots

8.2.1 Background
Various types of tight spots exist. They are either wellbore geometry restrictions (e.g. ledges,
mobile formation) or cuttings/cavings packed around the BHA. LWD caliper and image logs
as well as pump pressure and drillstring drag trends can help identifying the origin of a tight
spot.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 4 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Figure 1a-e: Tight Spot Causes

a) Cuttings/Cavings Accumulation (Pack-off)

b) Ledge (Fault) c) Creeping or Swelling d) Ledge (Bedding) e) Tortuous Borehole

Formation

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 5 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

8.2.2 Procedure
8.2.2.1 Tripping in through Tight Spots

NOTICE Never force the drill string into a known tight spot.

 Carefully ream down the tight spot with maximum safe flow rate.
 Keep bit RPM as low as possible to reduce the risk of accidentally sidetracking the well.
 Limit WOB to 10% of the bit’s maximum WOB rating to avoid damaging the bit.
8.2.2.2 Tripping out through Tight Spots
 In deviated holes (>30°), treat all tight spots initially as a dune of cuttings or cavings:
 Run back in hole 2 to 3 stands.
 Bring up mud pumps very slowly. Watch out for pressure surges. Do not pressure up
on a flow restriction.
 With steady pressure and maximum safe flow rate slowly start to rotate the string.
 Monitor pressure and torque while gradually increasing rotary speed up to 120 rpm.
 Circulate and rotate 1× bottoms-up.
 Try again to pass the tight spot on elevators.
 If possible, continue tripping out of hole.
 If tight spot did not clear, follow remedial actions for clearing a wellbore geometry
restriction as shown below.
 Near vertical (< 30°), treat tight spots as a wellbore geometry restriction:
 Slack off 20 to 30 ft below the tight spot.
 Limit overpull (e.g. 10,000 lbf/ 50 kN).
 Bring up mud pumps to maximum safe rate
 Carefully back-ream the tight interval.
 Closely monitor torque and pump pressure to react quickly in case the drillstring stalls.

8.3 Tripping through High Local Dogleg

8.3.1 Background
When tripping through any high local dogleg (HLD), there is a high potential for severe
damage to BHA equipment. Existence of any HLDs in the wellpath must be accurately noted
and recorded on the Hole Restriction Identification Form and, importantly, communicated to
the Driller. A common scenario to encounter HLD is tripping rotary steerable BHAs through
motor-drilled holes. Even though the HLD may not have been out of spec for the motor, they
could be for the rotary steerable BHA.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 6 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

The number and magnitudes of bending cycles that BHA equipment are exposed to impacts
possible damage. In all cases, when tripping through an HLD, avoid (minimize) rotation to
decrease the number of bending cycles the equipment is exposed to. If in doubt about the
BHA limits request BHASYSPro analysis of the critical scenario from Application
Engineering/Technical Support.
8.3.2 Procedure
1. Review the Hole Restriction Identification Form and flag zones of concern to the Driller.
2. Compare the dogleg severity of the HLD to the BHA dogleg limits for both, sliding and
rotating mode.
3. Avoid string rotation until all stabilizers have passed the HLD by > 100 ft (> 30 m).
If rotation through a HLD is unavoidable, rotate with 10–20 rpm to reduce BHA friction
but monitor weight gauge. Stick-slip due to low rpm is acceptable.
4. Continue to run in hole.

Tripping through a HLD can be an Out of Specification (OOS)

situation. This will require a customer notification. This notification
Note must include a discussion on the consequences of further tripping
and drilling operations and a proposal for forward action that BHI
proposes.

8.3.3 References
 Hole Restriction Identification Form ATK-20-70-0000-04-18
 Operations out of specifications for more details on OOS specifications and reporting
GOP-20-70-0000-01-01

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 7 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9 Drilling Procedures and Practices

9.1 Vibration Monitoring and Management
9.1.1 Background
Vibrations occurring during drilling can cause tool and wellbore damage, service failures, and
reduced drilling performance. They need to be managed appropriately to avoid negative
impact on service delivery.
Vibrations can also cause operation outside of specifications if they are present for extended
time. Follow the limits in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 (corresponding to GOP-20-70-0000-
01-01 Drilling Services - Operations Outside of Specifications).
Remember that the primary intention of flagging an OOS condition is to highlight that the
tools are being operated under loads that they were not designed for. Under this
circumstance we cannot ensure their reliable function and we must protect ourselves from
accumulating non-productive time in case of a failure.
With the constant evolution of the Drilling Services portfolio, we can deploy different, or
multiple vibration sensors in a BHA. Based on sensor and electronics design, the resulting
vibration measurements can vary between different tool types, even when they are exposed
to the same physical conditions. For this reason, tool-specific limits are defined for vibration
mitigation and OOS condition (Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3).
E.g.: The AutoTrak eXact Steering Unit will typically indicate vibration amplitudes that are
different from OnTrak, even if run simultaneously in the same BHA. This is not a malfunction,
but due to the different measurement characteristics.
Consider the following notes regarding criticality of the different vibration modes, and priority
for mitigation:
 Lateral Vibration
 Can be very destructive and needs immediate attention.
 Associated with whirl and bending of the drillstring and with resonance at a BHA critical
rotary speed.
 Use special caution to manage lateral vibration in over-gauge holes.
 With bent motors, take care not to create lateral vibrations with high drillstring rpm.
 Axial Vibration
 Commonly caused by lithology changes or fractures in the rock as the bit begins a new
cutting pattern.
 With roller cone bits, it may indicate cone problem.
 With PDC bits, it may indicate bit balling or severely worn cutting structure.
To verify: When increasing WOB & decreasing rpm with a good PDC bit stick-slip
should occur.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 8 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

 Tangential Vibration
 High frequency torsional oscillation (HFTO) causes only small rotational vibration of the
tools that can however be very damaging.
 Tangential vibrations can be an effect of stick-slip dynamics, but can also occur at
much higher frequency and energy levels than stick-slip.
 Currently ATK eXact, ATK Curve and CoPilot are able to measure tangential
acceleration. If this measurement is available, pay close attention to manage
Tangential Vibration.
 Damaging levels of Tangential Vibration are more likely to occur in hard formations
and, if this is the case, mitigation options are typically limited once in hole.
 As the severity of tangential vibrations increases with RPM, the most effective
mitigation is to reduce average RPM, as well as maximum RPM when stick-slip is
present.
 Including a Modular Motor in the BHA can effectively protect components run above.
This should be considered in the planning stage or as corrective action if high
tangential vibrations are encountered.
 Stick-Slip
 Stick-Slip can impact drilling performance and needs to be managed.
 When motors are run, Stick-Slip can be a good indication for short motor stalls which
can overstress and damage the rubber.
 Purple color (level 7) indicates periodic backward rotation and can be destructive to
drillstring components. Always avoid drilling with periodic backward rotation.
 With roller cone bits, stick-slip is mostly related to drillstring contact with wellbore
(reaming the hole could improve drilling conditions). It may also indicate a cone
problem.
 Off-bottom Vibration
 If high vibration levels are observed while off bottom and reaming, reduce bit rpm to
mitigate the problem. Follow procedures in sections for reaming and for making
connections.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 9 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9.1.2 Procedure
Always monitor and actively manage drilling vibrations to ensure flawless execution and
optimum performance, regardless of OOS status.
 Observe the limits in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 and follow the flowchart in Figure 2 for
vibration mitigation action.
 If multiple vibration measurements according to Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 are
available in the BHA, monitor all measurements, as they are available through telemetry
settings.
 The reading with the highest criticality will determine the required action.
 E.g. if the AutoTrak Steering Unit shows a red status while OnTrak shows a yellow status,
the red status from the Steering Unit takes precedence for mitigation and/or OOS
condition.
 OOS condition will be assigned only based on the tools listed in Table 1, Table 2, and
Table 3.
 Follow the notification and reporting process in GOP-20-70-0000-01-01 (Drilling Services -
Operations Outside of Specifications) if an OOS condition occurs.

Table 1: Definition of Lateral and Axial Vibration Levels

Lateral and Axial Vibration
OOS Time Limit: No Limit 3 hours 20 minutes
Vibration Mitigation Category: Green Yellow Yellow Red
Measurement Source Tool Size Severity Level <L3 L3 L4 >L4

Unit
NaviTrak MWD
TeleTrak MWD
OnTrak MWD
All Sizes gRMS <2 2 to < 3 3 to < 5 ≥5
CoPilot 2 Sensor Sub
CoilTrak
Advanced Slim MWD System
CoPilot UHD Sensor Sub 9-1/2 in. gRMS <5 5 to < 8 8 to < 12 ≥ 12
AutoTrak eXact Steering Unit
6-3/4 in. gRMS <5 5 to < 8 8 to < 12 ≥ 12
CoPilot UHD Sensor Sub
AutoTrak eXact Steering Unit Severity Level < L4 L4 L5 > L5
Lucida Steering Unit
4-3/4 in.
Lucida Directional Sub gRMS <8 8 to < 12 12 to < 15 ≥ 15
CoPilot UHD Sensor Sub

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 10 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

AutoTrak Curve time limits have been adjusted to align Operations Out of
Specifications (OOS) thresholds with the maintenance according to EBM. These
Note
new thresholds are valid for axial, lateral and tangential vibrations. The time limits
indicated are accumulated over several runs.

Table 2: AutoTrak Curve - Definition of Axial, Lateral, and Tangential Vibration Levels
Axial, Lateral, and Tangential Vibration
1 hours
OOS Time Limit: No Limit 10 hours
30 hours
Vibration Mitigation Category: Green Yellow Red Red
Measurement Source Tool Size Severity Level < L3 L3 L4 – L5 > L5
AutoTrak Curve Steering Unit 6-3/4 in. gRMS <5 5 to < 8 8 to < 15 ≥ 15

Table 3: Definition of Tangential Vibration Levels

Tangential Vibration
OOS Time Limit: No Limit 3 hours 20 minutes
Vibration Mitigation Category: Green Yellow Yellow Red
Measurement Source Tool Size Severity Level < L3 L3 L4 > L4
Unit
NaviTrak MWD
TeleTrak MWD
OnTrak MWD All Sizes gRMS Measurement not available
CoilTrak
Advanced Slim MWD System
CoPilot 2 Sensor Sub All Sizes gRMS <2 2 to < 3 3 to < 5 ≥5
CoPilot UHD Sensor Sub 9-1/2 in. gRMS < 36 36 to < 57 57 to < 86 ≥ 86
AutoTrak eXact Steering Unit <5 5 to < 8 8 to < 12 ≥ 12
6-3/4 in. gRMS
CoPilot UHD Sensor Sub < 28 28 to < 44 44 to < 66 ≥ 66
Severity Level < L4 L4 L5 > L5
AutoTrak eXact Steering Unit
Lucida Steering Unit <8 8 to < 12 12 to < 15 ≥ 15
4-3/4 in. gRMS
Lucida Directional Sub
CoPilot UHD Sensor Sub < 30 30 to < 45 45 to < 57 ≥ 57

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 11 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

The values for CoPilot 3 were derived with a limited amount of data. These values will be
Note
reviewed as more data becomes available (e.g. in one year).

Stick-Slip
OOS Time Limit: No Limit 5 hr 1 hr
Vibration Mitigation Category: Green Yellow Red Red Purple
Measurement Tool Size Unit
Severity Level < L3 L3 – L4 L5 L6 L7
All Tools All Sizes
s1; s2 s1 < 0.6 0.6 ≤ s1 < 1.0 1.0 ≤ s1 < 1.2 s1 ≥ 1.2 s2 > 0.1

s1 = (max RPM –min RPM) / (2 × average RPM)

s2 = time of negative RPM in percent (e.g.: s2 = 1.0 means 100%)

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 12 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Figure 2: Vibration Management Flowchart

Drilling Ahead

Monitor Vibration
Status

Green
Drill Ahead
Status

Verify and optimize drilling parameters.

Yellow
Proceed with caution and start vibration
Status mitigation if trend is unfavorable.

LATERAL
High-angle holes: Stay on bottom.
Vibration Decrease rotary speed by 10…50 RPM.

Red Low-angle holes: Pick up off bottom. Stop

Status rotation. Restart with 40…70 RPM. Return to Monitor impact
bottom & slowly increase WOB to target value, for 5 minutes or
avoiding Stick-Slip & buckling. Increase RPM to 3 data points.
maximize ROP.

AXIAL Step 1: Stay on bottom.

Vibration Either A: Increase WOB by 4...10 klbf (20…50
kN). Decrease rotary speed by 5...10 rpm. Record cumulative VSS
or B: Decrease WOB by 4...10 klbf (20…50 kN). time and amplitude.
Red Increase rotary speed by 10...50 RPM.
Status
Step 2: Repeat Step 1 (once) unless WOB or
RPM limits are met for Bit or BHA.
Then go to Step 3.

OOS Limits
No
Step 3: Pick up off bottom & stop rotation.
Exceeded ?
Restart drilling with half the original RPM &
increase WOB by 2...5 klbf (10…20 kN) over
original WOB. Return to original RPM after WOB
is established. Yes

Tangential Step 1: Reduce bit RPM (via string RPM, or via Inform Drilling Supervisor
Vibration flow rate if motor in BHA): and Baker Hughes office.
Provide time-based
Red vibration log, vibration
report document, and OOS
Status Step 2: If Step 1 is unsuccessful, reduce WOB run report to Baker Hughes
as feasible without introducing other drilling coordinator.
dysfunctions. Minimize Stick-Slip throughout.

STICK-SLIP After Baker Hughes office

Step 1: Increase rotary speed by 10…50 RPM. approval, request DS sign
Hold WOB or decrease by 2...5 klbf (10...20 kN). completed vibration
Red document.
Status
Step 2: Repeat Step 1 unless WOB or RPM
limits are met for Bit or BHA. Come off bottom &
wipe hole section. Restart with less WOB & more
RPM. No
Stop Drilling?

Step 1: Increase rotary speed by 10…50 RPM

Purple and decrease WOB by 2...5 klbf (10...20 kN).
Status Yes
Step 2: Repeat Step 1 unless WOB or RPM
limits are met for Bit or BHA. Come off bottom &
wipe hole section. Restart with less WOB & more
RPM. Stop, POOH

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 13 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9.2 Automatic Driller Guidelines

9.2.1 Background
Automatic Driller/Autodriller systems are in wide use across the world. The main application
is the automation of the parameter management. Depending on system design, they can
control:
 Rate of penetration (ROP)
 Torque
 Weight on bit (WOB)
 Differential pressure
Automatic Drillers have target values and limits that can be set for any of the above
parameters. There is also a gain setting (sensitivity) that will control how quickly the system
adjusts parameters to maintain the target value.
Automatic Drillers can be effective while drilling through a homogeneous formation, but can
cause problems when drilling through interbedded formations that require constant
parameter management.
Improper setting of the Automatic Driller can lead to erratic drilling and can cause BHA
damage or premature failure. Incorrect Automatic Driller settings can be recognized by
sinusoidal or saw–tooth patterns on the curves for the values listed above.
Automatic Driller systems should not be used while sliding.
9.2.2 Procedure for Motor BHAs or motorized AutoTrak BHAs
9.2.2.1 Preferred option—Constant differential pressure mode
 Select a reasonable target differential pressure to maintain while rotating based on
regional and local experience. This should not exceed 80 % of the maximum operating
differential pressure. Refer to the motor operating differential pressure.
 Set Automatic Driller limits for other values as a safety feature for effective and reliable
operation:
 For ROP use 115% of the average ROP.
 For WOB use the desired maximum WOB, not to exceed maximum operating WOB for
the motor type.
 For torque, use 120% of the average on bottom torque.
 Never exceed 85% of the maximum operating torque of the weakest string/BHA
component.
 As depth increases torque limits will have to be adjusted.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 14 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9.2.2.2 Alternative option—Constant ROP mode

 Select a target ROP to maintain a desired differential pressure, while rotating. Refer to the
motor operating differential pressure and regional experience.
 Set Automatic Driller limits for other values as a safety feature for effective and reliable
operation:
 For differential pressure use 80% of the maximum operating differential pressure.
 For WOB use the desired maximum WOB not to exceed maximum operating WOB for
the motor type.
 For torque, use 120% of the average on bottom torque.
 Never exceed 85% of the maximum operating torque of the weakest string/BHA
component.
 This need to be adjusted as the well progresses.
9.2.3 Procedure for AutoTrak BHAs
9.2.3.1 Preferred option—Constant WOB mode
 Select the desired target WOB, not to exceed 80 % of the maximum operating WOB
based on regional and local experience.
 Set Automatic Driller limits for other values as a safety feature for effective and reliable
operation:
 For torque use 120% of on-bottom-torque
 Never exceed 85 % of the maximum operating torque of the weakest string/BHA
component.
 This need to be adjusted as the well progresses.
 Set ROP limit to 115% of the average ROP.
9.2.3.2 Alternative option—Constant ROP mode
 Constant ROP mode can impact the steering response of the AutoTrak and may also
initiate hole spiraling. Please consider these impacts when selecting this mode.
 Select the desired target ROP, based on regional and local experience.
 Set Automatic Driller limits for other values as a safety feature for effective and reliable
operation:
 For torque use 120% of on-bottom-torque
 Never exceed 85% of the maximum operating torque of the weakest string/BHA
component.
 This need to be adjusted as the well progresses.
 Set WOB limit to 120% of the average WOB, not to exceed 80% of the maximum
operating WOB.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 15 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9.3 Bit Break-in Procedure

The break-in procedure is very important with roller cone bits and vital with fixed cutter bits.
9.3.1 Background
Each bit design creates its own, individual bottomhole pattern, reflecting the geometry of the
bit’s contact with the intact rock. Drilling on its own bottomhole pattern gives the correct
distribution of load on the bit's teeth or cutters. When the new bit’s profile differs from that of
the bit run previously, its teeth or cutters will experience higher loads than those for which
they were designed, irrespective of the formation hardness, until the bit has fully established
its own bottomhole pattern. The break-in process gets rid of the bottomhole pattern left by
the previous bit and creates the pattern of the new bit.
If the bit is not broken-in correctly, its teeth or cutters will be subject to loads different from
those for which they were designed. This can lead to rapid wear or breakage of some of the
teeth or cutters, which will reduce the bit life and penetration rate, and can trigger severe
vibrations. A roller cone bit's bearing and seal surfaces need to be allowed to bed in properly
before being subjected to their full operating loads if the bit's full life potential is to be
achieved. Thus, correct break-in procedures should always be followed, even if the bit is only
likely to encounter very soft formations that do not pose a great threat of cutting structure
damage.
9.3.2 Procedure
1. Run in hole with consideration to hole restrictions and using appropriate procedures.
If the bit on the previous run came out undergage, take extra care and refer to specific
tripping and reaming procedures.
2. Wash/ ream the last 5 ft (2 m) to clean the bottom of the hole. This helps to prevent
junk or cuttings being below the bit.
3. Tag bottom gently (avoid spudding the bit). In general, reduced drilling parameters of
half the normal drilling WOB and rpm are suggested for start-up.
 Obtain optimal flow rate for circulation and hole cleaning.
 Rotate the bit at half the targeted rpm near bottom.
 Slowly lower the bit until an increase in torque and/or WOB indicate that the bit has
made contact with the hole bottom.
 If drilling with a downhole motor or turbine, an increase in standpipe pressure will
indicate that the bit has tagged bottom.
 Apply targeted start-up string WOB (50% of normal drilling WOB).
 Pull back 150 to 300 mm (6 to 12 inches) above bottom, circulate to wash away any
fill or junk. Reduce rpm to 40–80.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 16 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

4. Build the new bit's bottomhole pattern:

 Return to bottom and apply normal drilling WOB.
 Whenever weight is applied, bring up the weight quickly so the bit can engage the
rock. With little to no weight, a drill bit simply scratches away at the rock surface and
is not drilling as designed. This can lead to premature heat degradation of the cutting
elements. Bring up the weight smoothly in less than one minute to the targeted
weight. The pipe stretch in longer drillstrings should be considered so weight is still
brought up smoothly within a short period of time. Engaging the bit in a short amount
of time helps to avoid whirl and other damaging vibrations.
 Increase WOB if there is no progress after a few minutes.
 Increase rpm to normal drilling rpm.
 Monitor torque which will increase as the bit begins to fully establish a new
bottomhole pattern.
 The new bit's hole bottom pattern should be established once the bit has drilled a
few inches. This distance may be longer with large diameter or long parabolic profile
fixed cutter bits.
 Procedures to optimize the parameters can now be followed.

9.4 Making Connections—AutoTrak Systems and Motor BHAs

Correct connection procedures reduce the probability of inducing lost circulation, borehole
wall damage, bit whirl, and impact damage to PDC cutters.
9.4.1 Pulling Off Bottom
1. Monitor VSS data and optimize continuously.
2. For AutoTrak and motors BHAs, reduce rotary speed to 30–50 rpm; when using
RWD/Bicenter bits, stop rotary and reduce or stop circulation. Reduce WOB to 50% of
drilling WOB. Do not allow the WOB to drill off.
3. Lift off bottom in one smooth motion without stopping the rotary drive. (Not
recommended for motor assemblies with RWD/Bicenter bits).
4. Circulate at full flow rate no longer than necessary, reciprocate and rotate pipe (if
needed) to ensure proper hole cleaning. (Not recommended for motor assemblies with
RWD/Bicenter bits).
5. Pause for ten seconds when changing direction from pulling the string upwards to
running it downwards. Do not allow the pipe to move down faster than 30 ft/min (10
m/min) when going into the slips.
6. Make sure you are at least 5 ft (2 m) off bottom and stop rotation.
7. Record pick up and slack off weight.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 17 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

8. For ATK assemblies, if any extended period of rotation and/or circulation off bottom is
required, the steering unit should be programmed as follows:
A. Straight hole section with DLS < 1.5°/100ft: steer mode with 0% force.
B. Curved hole section with DLS > 1.5°/100ft: steer mode with % steer force (SF)
proportional to the DLS in the hole and as well with the same steer direction as the
hole curvature.
9. Make the connection and take survey as described in the appropriate BHA/job-specific
procedure.
9.4.2 Re-starting the Bit
1. Follow detailed procedure as agreed in pre-job brief: In narrow equivalent circulating
density (ECD) margin wells it may be necessary to start rotary before bringing the
pumps up.
2. Bring mud pumps slowly up to the desired flow rate. With motors, start with reduced
flow if possible.
3. Wait ten seconds (or until the survey is taken) after reaching desired flow rate, and then
start rotary. Set the rotary speed to 60–80 rpm. Record rotating weights and off bottom
surface torque values.
4. Tag bottom gently.
A. Slowly lower the bit until increase in torque and/or WOB indicating that bit has made
contact with bottom hole.
B. Raise WOB quickly to operational target or to a level that prevents stick-slip.
5. Optimize WOB and rpm.

9.5 Reaming Guidelines—AutoTrak Systems

If there is a conflict between minimizing vibrations and hole cleaning ensure that the client is
informed about out of specifications conditions (fill out the customer notification sheet if
necessary).
Do not exceed reaming speed of 300 ft/hr (90 m/hr) (except 4-3/4-in. ATK GT3 and
GT4/GT4-G BHAs, where the limit is 150 ft/hr (45 m/hr)) to avoid damage to the hydraulic
unit. Preferably ream down and wash going up to minimize damage to the ribs and the bit.
9.5.1 Reaming / Logging Into Hole
1. If low risk of sidetrack: use ribs off mode and closely monitor the vibrations levels.
2. Utilize half of the surface rpm used to drill the section or less. Vibration levels dictate
actual surface rpm, flow at a rate above tool start-up to enable monitoring of VSS.
Consult the VSS flow chart for more details regarding the VSS response. If possible
change to a telemetry sequence which contains more VSS telemetry words. If the rpm
needs to be increased to mitigate Stick-Slip, do not exceed 100% of drilling rpm.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 18 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

3. If logging into the hole, consider the sampling rate of the measurements while drilling/
logging while drilling (MWD/LWD) assembly in order to ensure good log quality.
4. If there is a high risk of accidental sidetrack or dropping inclination, then the tool should
be set to steer force zero (SF0) or center mode. Use ACFM level 1 as a minimum.
5. If any extended period of rotation and/or circulation off bottom is required, the steering
unit should be programmed as follows:
A. Straight hole section with DLS < 1.5°/100ft: steer mode with 0% force.
B. Curved hole section with DLS > 1.5°/100ft: steer mode with % SF proportional to the
DLS in the hole and as well with the same steer direction as the hole curvature.
6. Avoid reaming down in under gauge hole to tag bottom. This will damage the side
cutters of the bit which will limit the steering performance of the tool. If it is required to
ream down in an under gauge hole to tag bottom, consider a separate reaming/hole
cleaning BHA. This will prevent a trip for a premature failure or a damaged bit.
9.5.2 Backreaming / Logging Out of Hole
1. Backreaming should be avoided. If hole conditions indicate that backreaming is
necessary, the tool should be in ribs off mode (except for AutoTrak Curve BHAs, which
should be set to SF0 or center mode). Use ACFM level 1 as a minimum.
2. If logging out of hole consider the sampling rate of the MWD/LWD assembly in order to
ensure good log quality.
3. Utilize half of the surface rpm used to drill the section or less. Vibration levels dictate
actual surface rpm, flow at a rate above tool start-up to enable monitoring of VSS.
Consult the VSS flow chart for more details regarding the VSS response. If possible
change to a telemetry sequence which contains more VSS telemetry words.
4. For motorized AutoTrak BHAs applications check motor overpull when backreaming.

Constantly monitor surface WOB and torque indicators. If high

fluctuations in torque or WOB are observed or torque reading are
becoming too high, slow the reaming speed down to < 30 m/hr
(100 ft/hr). Ensure bit torque does not exceed 50% of the normal
Note drilling torque for that bit and formation. Monitor pump pressure to
recognize fluctuations in differential which could indicate that the bit
is taking excessive load. If there are indications of excessive
torque, reduce reaming down penetration rate (reduce
backreaming pull up rate).

9.5.3 Circulate for Hole Cleaning

1. Best practice recommended is to clean the hole while drilling. Do not drill faster than
you can clean the hole. Do not exceed the mud companies’ maximum instantaneous
ROP for hole cleaning by more than 15%.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 19 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

2. Monitor ECDs, slack off, pick up & rotating weights and off bottom surface torque
values and compare against predicted values to decide if circulating is required. Focus
on changes in trends of measured data not purely on absolute differences between
measured data and modeled numbers.
3. If circulating is required:
4. Set tool to ribs off. Except in the cases highlighted in Sections 9.5.1 and 9.5.2, for
which SF 0 or center mode is advised.
5. Move pipe and rotate while circulating bottoms up. The bit must remain at a minimum of
2 m (5 ft) of bottom at all times to avoid initialization of borehole spiraling.
6. Utilize half of the surface rpm used to drill the section or less and limit reaming speed to
300 ft/hr (90 m/hr) (except 4-3/4-in. AutoTrak GT3 and GT4/GT4-G BHAs, where the
limit is 150 ft/hr (45 m/hr)). Vibration levels dictate actual surface rpm.
7. Closely monitor vibration levels and adjust parameters if necessary. Consult the VSS
flow chart for more details regarding the VSS response. If possible change to a
telemetry sequence which contains more VSS telemetry words.
8. Observe shakers with regards to cuttings’ load. Monitor ECD and compare against
modelled values to ensure good hole cleaning.
9. In higher inclination wells, it may take two to five complete bottoms up to completely
clean the hole.
9.5.4 Reaming On Connections
1. Best practice recommended is to clean the hole while drilling. Do not drill faster than
you can clean the hole.
2. Under normal circumstances, reaming should be avoided. Monitor ECDs, slack off, pick
up & rotating weights and off bottom surface torque values and compare against
predicted values to decide if reaming is required. Focus on changes in trends of
measured data not purely on absolute differences between measured data and
modeled numbers.
3. If the hole dictates the need to backream, keep AutoTrak in current operating mode
(Steer/ Hold).
A. Reduce WOB to 50% of drilling WOB. Do not allow the WOB to drill off.
B. Pick off bottom in one smooth motion without stopping the rotary drive.
C. Utilize half of the surface rpm used to drill the section or less and limit reaming
speed to 300 ft/hr (90 m/hr) (except 4-3/4-in. AutoTrak GT3 and GT4/GT4-G BHAs,
where the limit is 150 ft/hr (45 m/hr)). Vibration levels dictate actual surface rpm.
D. Closely monitor vibration levels and adjust parameters if necessary. Consult the VSS
flow chart for more details regarding the VSS response. If possible change to a
telemetry sequence which contains more VSS telemetry words.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 20 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

E. If reaming speed is above 300 ft/hr (90 m/hr) [or 150 ft/hr (45 m/hr) for ATK GT3 and
GT4/GT4-G], utilize ribs off mode. Bear in mind it can take 7-15 minutes for the
hydraulic oil to drain back from each rib. Therefore, control reaming speeds during
this period.

9.6 Automated Downlinking (AutoTrak BHA, Motor BHA, Motorized AutoTrak BHA)
9.6.1 Introduction
Downlinking based on bypassing flow on surface (e.g. with ABPA) can generally be
performed on and off bottom, see respective tool manuals for constraints.
As the BHA is not pulsing during downlinks, no data is transmitted and downhole drilling
conditions are unknown in this period. Therefore apply conservative WOB, flow and RPM
settings during downlinks.
Consider the following key differences:
 On-bottom Downlink
 Preferred method for Motor BHAs or motorized AutoTrak BHAs as this prevents the
motor from pressuring up or over speeding while pulling off bottom
 Increased risk through staying on bottom while no information about tool status and
drilling condition is available
 MWD and LWD real time data gaps
 Off-bottom Downlink:
 Avoiding uncontrolled drilling and steering progress
 Reduced overall ROP compared to on bottom downlinking
 Increased risk during lifting off bottom and restarting the bit
 Occasionally, considered as a backup method in case of lack of On-bottom Downlink
success
9.6.2 Procedure
 On-bottom Downlink
1. Inform driller that you want to send a downlink.
2. Reduce WOB to 50% of drilling WOB and keep this value constant (adjust Autodriller
mode if necessary).
3. Perform downlink according to respective tool manual.
4. Raise WOB back to drilling WOB levels.
 Off-bottom Downlink
1. Inform driller that you want to send a downlink
2. Reduce string RPM to ~30–50 rpm and reduce WOB to 50% of drilling WOB. Do not
allow the WOB to drill off.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 21 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

3. Lift off bottom in one smooth motion without stopping the rotary drive.
4. Perform downlink according to respective tool manual.
5. Increase string RPM to ~60-80 rpm.
6. Tag bottom and raise WOB and RPM back to drilling levels.

9.7 Drilling Out Cement and Casing Shoe – AutoTrak Systems

The following procedure applies for drilling out cement, casing shoe, and rat hole. Field
experience has shown that a minimum rotation speed of 90 rpm is often required to avoid
unfavorable torsional vibrations.
1. Run in hole with the tool in SF0 or center mode. If a DLS > 1.5°/100 ft, use steer mode
with %SF proportional to that DLS.
2. Wash down the last stand before tagging cement using operating flow rate. Be sure to
tag cement very carefully as tools have been damaged or become stuck due to
impacting the top of cement.
3. For motorized AutoTrak BHAs, displace mud to correct mud weight to control
differential pressure peaks.
4. Monitor Vibration and Stick-Slip (VSS) closely. Bear in mind that the Stick-Slip
measurement is derived from the magnetometers, and can be affected inside casing.
Use other parameters, such as surface torque, to confirm high Stick-Slip. If critical
downhole dynamics are indicated, modify drilling parameters according to the VSS
action flow charts.
5. Drill plugs with < 70% of max WOB and 30 rpm. If drilling torque becomes erratic, pull
off bottom and restart. If no progress is seen, downlink to ribs off. Monitor vibration
levels throughout the operation. If vibration increases, go back to SF0 or center mode.
For motorized AutoTrak BHAs, keep a close eye on differential pressure. If CoPilot is
available, pay attention to the downhole torque and downhole WOB values. Some
CoPilot information may be invalid inside the casing.
6. Drill Landing/Float Collar with operating flow rate, 50–100 rpm. For motorized AutoTrak
BHAs, use maximum 50 string rpm and minimum operating flow.
7. Downlink to ribs off (if not done previously) and await confirmation.
8. Drill shoe with operating flow rate and 50–100 rpm. Start with low WOB and increase
step-wise as required. For motorized AutoTrak BHAs, use maximum 50 string rpm and
minimum operating flow.
9. Hole conditions dictate the need to ream back.
10. Drill 2–3 m (6–9 ft) of new formation with ribs off to accommodate steering unit. Use
50–100 string rpm and 50% of the operating WOB until the upper stabilizer is in new
hole. Remain in ribs off mode if a LOT or FIT is required.
11. Pull back carefully into casing or liner shoe to ensure that it is possible to get back
inside the shoe without getting stuck.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 22 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

12. Trip/ream back to bottom and continue to drill/clean out rathole with previously used
parameters.
13. As cement blocks may cave into the rathole (especially in large diameter holes),
consider drilling ahead and letting the drillstring rotation breakup the blocks over time.
Automatically jarring on the tool and shoe track may cause unnecessary damages.
Additionally, cement blocks may fall into the hole after pulling back into casing, while
cleaning out the rathole, or during a subsequent trip.
14. Drill required length of the new formation and bury steering unit and stabilizer in new
gauged hole.
15. Once in new formation, downlink the required steering commands. Drill ahead as
planned.

It can take 7–15 minutes for the ribs to fully retract (depending on
Note the type and size of steering unit) once the tool is put in ribs off, so
allow enough time prior to drilling shoe.

9.8 Drilling Hard Abrasive Formations

9.8.1 Background
Drilling in hard, abrasive formations can cause excessive outer diameter wear to bottom
hole assembly components and stabilizers. It can also cause rapid wear of the bit's cutting
structure and gauge surfaces. The severity of these problems is increased if appropriate
operating practices are not followed. When drilling abrasive formation, it is important to
adjust the operating parameters in order to minimize the abrasive wear.
9.8.2 While Drilling
 Reduce the drill string rotary speed to the lowest possible without inducing torsional
vibrations. This could reduce hole cleaning efficiency in a deviated well, so that additional
measures to maintain adequate hole cleaning may become necessary.
 Increase the WOB to the highest permissible, or until torsional vibrations are seen.
 Do not initiate full Stick-Slip.
 If hole spiraling is detected, follow hole spiraling mitigation procedures (e.g. drilling ribs off
for a short distance).
 Monitor the sand content of the drilling fluid. The recommended value is below 0.5%.
Report out of specification condition if the sand content exceeds 1%. An increase in non-
dissolved solids may be indicated by a higher YP.
 Monitor vibrations and minimize to the extent possible. If lateral vibrations cannot be
minimized without initiating Stick-Slip, choose Stick-Slip over lateral vibrations. Whirl
should also be avoided at all times. If insert bits are run, avoid axial vibrations.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 23 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9.8.3 Post Run

 Carefully inspect all BHA components and stabilizers for OD wear.
 Document and photograph any unusual wear on BHA components. Check for scrapes,
striations gouges, and other damage scars. Clearly identify the location of the damaged
components in the BHA, drillstring (e.g. drill pipe) and the downhole direction. Provide a
coin/ruler in the picture as an indication of scale/size. Pay close attention to bit wear (e.g.
indications of too much WOB or too high rpm).

9.9 Drilling Interbedded Formations

9.9.1 Background
Interbedded formations consist of hard layers or stringers surrounded by softer formations.
A stringer is a thin layer or concretion in rock which is significantly harder than its
surrounding rock. The thickness of such a layer is generally between 0.01 to 2 m (0.5 in. to
78 in.). Stringers are often composed of calcite or chert, or may be a more cemented portion
of the rock.
Interbedded formations can lead to unwanted effects, such as:
 Deflections, ledges, and HLD
 Borehole patterns, such as spiraling and hourglassing
 High levels of vibration
 Bit cutter damage
 BHA damage
 Loss of steering
 Weight stacking and hanging up of BHA or drillstring
 Mechanical sticking
 Hole enlargement in between stringers
9.9.2 General Bit Recommendations
Experience with hybrid bits shows that we can drill interbedded formations more effectively in
certain applications.
Longer gauge PDC bits are less prone to ledging and deliver a smoother borehole.
9.9.3 Drilling Procedures
If drilling from harder formations into softer formations, follow the steps below:
1. Monitor rate of penetration (ROP) for sudden increase.
2. If sudden increase in ROP occurs, reduce WOB and increase rpm to control deflection,
ledges, and to reduce the risk of bit balling.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 24 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

3. Adjust Automatic Driller set points so that the resultant WOB does not decrease more
than 30%, to limit excessive ROP when exiting a hard stringer into a soft formation.
Additional adjustments may be required if ROP is still excessive.
4. If a CoPilot tool is used, monitor bending moments, near bit inclination, and bending
tool face to detect HLD. If a HLD is detected, refer to the HLD procedure.
5. Monitor and adjust vibration levels to avoid/minimize Stick-Slip and risk of damaging
the (BHA), if necessary.
If drilling from soft formations into hard formations, refer to the negative drilling break
procedure.
After drilling in highly interbedded formations, consider reciprocating a complete stand to
check for signs of overpull at stabilizer spacing intervals, which indicates ledging.
Reaming ledges is not recommended due to potential tool damage. However, if reaming is
required, refer to the reaming guidelines and run some type of reamer (e.g. key seat wiper or
mill).

9.10 Drilling in Soft Formations

9.10.1 Background
Soft formation can be defined as lithology with an unconfined compressive strength (UCS)
less than 5,000 psi.
In soft formations, it may be very difficult to steer and reduced DLS capacity can occur
because:
 The hole can be enlarged by fluid flow erosion.
 The formation is compressible and may not support the three point geometry needed
by the deflection tools.
9.10.2 Drilling
 Drill with low flow rates and as much WOB as possible. Higher WOB would ensure that
the bit is actually on bottom drilling and not floating on a hole bottom that is being washed
away.
 Start with slow rpm (60–80) to try to build angle
 With AutoTrak, start with minimum rib force required to achieve the build rate.
 With Motors be prepared to slide for longer intervals to achieve the desired build rate.
 Carefully manage off bottom practices to reduce flow rate and avoid reaming/rotating if
possible. If off bottom, stay a single away from the bottom of the hole. With motors, orient
tool face to high side.
 Be aware that bits with aggressive side cutting features produce borehole quality issues,
which in turn reduces steerability.
 Manage vibrations carefully to preserve the wellbore gauge, as they may lead to
increased borehole wall damage.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 25 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9.10.3 References
 Soft Formation Drilling with AutoTrak Systems OPS-GLB-ATK-102032-08-00

9.11 Drilling with Reamers/ Hole Enlargement Tools—AutoTrak Systems

GaugePro Echo and XPR—all Series—Drilling Guideline. (OPS-GLB-ECHO-103469)
provides detailed operation procedures for expandable reamer BHAs. Familiarize yourself
with the document when running an underreamer BHA.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 26 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

10 Sidetracking / Kicking Off

10.1 General Considerations
Ensure no anti-collision issues with any adjacent wells. Double check the well plan to make
sure the well target can be reached without exceeding the tools build up rates (BUR)
capabilities.
Gather field specific information from coordinator etc. (previous sidetracks, recommended
time drilling schedule).

10.2 Open-Hole Sidetrack—Motor BHA

Confirm that the BHA, bit, and well plan are suitable for starting an open-hole sidetrack.
When performing an OHST with a motor assembly, it is recommended to do it towards the
low side of the hole (20° left or right from low side). If sidetracking has to be performed in a
curved interval, set the tool face against the curve (to outside of the curve).
1. Make-up the sidetrack assembly; ensure correct AKO tilt and alignment to directional
MWD tool. Trip in hole to 10 ft (3m) above the optimum kick-off point.
2. Orient the desired tool face to 20° left or right of the low side (or curve) of the hole and
slowly lower the tool to the KOP.
3. Once the KOP is reached, mark the pipe at the rotary table. Space out pipe to ensure
that there is enough space in the derrick to move upwards for about 60 ft (20 m). Turn
on rig pumps.
4. Move slowly at fixed intervals 60 ft (20 m) up and down to the mark on the pipe. Do this
several times in order to create a ledge on the low side of the hole. The minimum
length of the groove should be 30 ft (10 m) -optimum length would be determined by
well geometry and rig type, i.e. Kelly or top drive. Continue reciprocating pipe until there
is consensus on site that a sufficient groove/ ledge have been reamed at the KOP.
5. Orient the TF 20° left or right (needs to be the same that was used in Step 2) of low
side and time drill from this point at an ROP appropriate for the formation strength.
6. Record the time and depth of each 0.5 ft (15 cm) drilled.
7. Depending on the objectives and hole geometry (e.g. hole size, DLS), continue to drill
the minimum required distance to achieve a successful sidetrack.
8. Pick up above KOP, slide back into the hole and take a survey across the sidetrack
area to confirm that a sidetrack has been achieved (slide with the AKO TF pointing in
the correct direction of the OHST to avoid entering the old pilot hole).
9. Once the sidetrack is established it is advised to pick up the BHA above the KOP and
wash through it a few times to establish free passage.
10. Continue drilling as required.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 27 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

In soft formations, pay special attention to keeping the flow rate low when initiating
sidetrack, in order not to wash out the formation.
In harder formations, considerable time may be needed to initiate the sidetrack.

10.3 Open-Hole Sidetrack—AutoTrak Systems

10.3.1 Background
There are several variables to consider each time a sidetrack is drilled. If the sidetrack is
part of a planned operation, then most of the unfavorable variables can be eliminated. As
a start, the following bullet points must be considered before a sidetrack is drilled:
 Well trajectory: Plan the sidetrack and pilot hole so separation is achieved quickly.
 Inclination: Higher inclinations will increase the success rate of performing OH ST.
 Formation: Plan the sidetrack in soft formation areas.
 Bit type: Involve a bit specialist or use bits that are known to have good side cutting
ability in the formation to be sidetracked.
10.3.2 Procedure
1. Identify kick-off point (KOP). Select a formation which is soft, stringer-free and
uniform/homogenous.
2. If the sidetrack is part of a planned operation, create a ramp while drilling the pilot hole.
 Initiate ramp development by building inclination and turning the well path 40°
left/right (depending on respective well paths) for 45 ft (15 m) with a minimum of
dogleg severity of 2–3°/30m.
 Thereafter, hold inclination for a further 30 ft (10 m) while continuing to turn.
 Upon completion, drill to planned TVD and follow proposed well path to total depth
(TD).
3. If no planned ramp could be initiated, find suitable ramp by checking AutoTrak near bit
inclination (NBI) or CoPilot bending moment data in the section where the ST should be
performed.
4. Collect sufficient NBI measurement for 60 ft (20 m) of original hole below KOP for later
confirmation of sidetrack success.
 Retrieve data from Advantage database or, if data is missing, re-log interval in
AutoTrak Steer Mode, SD=0°, SF=0%.
5. Pull back to KOP.
6. Space out pipe in the string 36–54 ft (12–18 m) so that no connection is required while
reciprocating to initiate the sidetrack.
7. RIH to KOP and verify the exact depth.
8. Mark the pipe at the rotary table level. When reaming down, never pass this mark.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 28 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

9. Downlink to Steer mode, SD=180°, SF=100%.

10. Ream a > 15 ft (5 m) interval by increments with 100 rpm (adjust based upon vibration
measurements):
A. Pull back 3 ft (1m ), then ream down to the mark,
B. Pull back 6 ft (2 m), then ream down to the mark, etc.
C. In soft formations (Unconfined Compressive Strength [UCS] < 15 ksi) it is
recommended to utilize low flow (minimum operational flow to power up the BHA)
rates.
11. Continue the process until a clear increase in sleeve rotation is seen and/or the bit
takes weight.
12. Downlink to ribs off. Ream several times after downlinking ribs off (remember to give
the ribs time to retract) at a reduced flow rate. Keep a good record of the near bit
inclination and compare with original well. (Not all ATK steering units give NBI values
while rotating in ribs off. Consider stopping rotation to check NBI, if available use of
CoPilot data.)
13. Time drill using < 3 ft/hr (1 m/hr) for the first 3 ft (1 m), then 3 ft/hr (1 m/hr) for the next
6–13 ft (2–4 m), 6 ft/hr (2 m/hr) for the next 10–15 ft (3–5 m). Gradually increase the
ROP (time drilling ROP can be increased based on previous open hole side track
(OHST) experience from similar formations).
Note: Be patient and avoid putting excessive WOB as this may push the BHA into the
original hole.
14. Drill a distance in ribs off mode until the next stabilizer is in the new hole. Follow NBI
trends to verify the sidetrack (Not all ATK steering units give NBI values while rotating
in ribs off. Consider stopping rotation to check NBI, if available use of CoPilot data.).
Once the stabilizer is in new hole put the ribs in the required mode (steer or hold
mode).
15. Confirm sidetrack by comparing NBI difference vs. original hole.
16. Gradually increase rate of penetration (ROP).
17. Drill and steer according to the new plan.
With motorized AutoTrak BHAs, it is recommended to reduce string rpm to 0, or to
the feasible minimum for drag and hole cleaning
In soft formations, pay special attention to keeping the flow rate low when initiating
sidetrack, in order not to wash out the formation.
In harder formations, considerable time may be needed to initiate the sidetrack.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 29 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

10.4 Planned Sidetrack Off Cement Plug—Motor BHAs

10.4.1 Procedure
1. Run in hole (RIH) with sidetracking bottom hole assembly (BHA). If necessary orient
tool face (TF) to align with wellbore curvature above the top of cement (TOC) to avoid
accidental sidetrack.
2. From ± two stands above the expected TOC wash down with minimum motor flow rate
to tag TOC without surface rotation.
3. Note the depth where the BHA takes weight while washing down and compare to the
expected TOC.
Note: Use a low flow rate (Measurements while drilling (MWD) minimum power up flow
rate or motor minimum operating flow).
4. Test the quality of the plug by applying weight. While this number may vary,
approximately 4–6 klbs (2–3 tons) are considered a good WOB. If it takes weight and
the motor starts to gain drilling differential pressure then the plug is firm enough to
initiate the sidetrack (go to Step 7). Use flow rates to achieve 50 to 80 bit rpm. If the
weight or differential pressure drops off and the cement washes away then the plug is
not firm enough.
5. If the plug is not firm then increase flow to clean up the annular area around the BHA
and drill off further 10 ft (3 m) and repeat the test of the plug firmness as above.
Consider using surface rotation during this step.
6. If firm cement is not confirmed before deepest possible sidetrack depth, evaluate if
doing an open hole sidetrack is applicable and discuss with customer.
7. Once firm cement is found, pick up 3 ft (1 m); take a survey at this point; bring pumps
back to operating flow and orient the TF to the desired KO direction.
8. Time drill off cement plug. The speed/ROP is to be determined based on formation vs.
cement hardness and field specific experience. Closely monitor TF.
9. Use mud loggers, if available, to monitor the percentage of formation in samples. Do
not push on the assembly until 60% of formation in cuttings is observed and minimum
calculated distance for sidetracking is achieved. If no mud loggers are available, take
your own samples and evaluate the formation content looking for an adequate contrast
in formation to cement. Due to the alkaline nature of the cement, Phenolphthalein can
be used as indicator.
10. Evaluate progress continuously to ensure sidetrack is commenced prior to deepest
allowed sidetrack depth. STOP WORK if required. Discuss situation with company
man.
In hard formations an increase in flow rate may be required (with the consequent
increase of the bit revolutions per minute (rpm)).
If no indication of a sidetrack is apparent in the cutting samples, reduce the time drilling
rate of penetration (ROP) by 50% and continue.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 30 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

11. The bit should now begin taking weight as more formation is drilled, if motor differential
pressure, WOB, reactive torque, no cements in samples indicated a successful
sidetrack then drill ahead as normal.
12. Monitor surveys closely and do clearance calculations to verify sufficient displacement
from original borehole to confirm the sidetrack and avoid jumping back into old
wellpath.
13. Do not rotate the pipe until the second stabilizer has been buried into the new hole,
confirmed by survey and clearance calculation with separation of at least at two bit
diameters.
14. Once the sidetrack is solidly established it is advised to pick up the BHA above the
KOP and wash through it a few times. Verify free passage by reciprocating without flow.
15. Continue drilling as planned.
In soft formations, pay special attention to keeping the flow rate low when initiating
sidetrack, in order not to wash out the formation.
In harder formations, considerable time may be needed to initiate the sidetrack,
consider the lower range of motor flow only for high speed motors.

10.5 Planned Sidetrack Off Cement Plug—AutoTrak Systems

The key to successfully sidetracking from a cement plug is good cement which the ribs/pads
can push against and some patience.
1. Prior to drilling the pilot hole, determine sidetrack depth and direction. If possible,
choose an area with softer formation and higher than planned KO point to leave some
room for any unexpected conditions.
2. When drilling pilot hole and sidetrack depth is attained, turn well path 3-4°/100 ft (30 m,
for one stand in Hold mode to maintain a stable inclination. This will enable the future
sidetrack to be performed out of a curve, thus facilitating the quickest kick-off (KO).
3. Drill the pilot hole to target depth.
4. Cement back the pilot hole to above the desired sidetrack depth. Consider bottom hole
assembly (BHA) and bit selection after the trip.
5. Drill top of cement (TOC) carefully until all unconsolidated and not hardened cement is
cleared and cement plug takes WOB (indication that loose cement is removed).
Typically, apply half of normal WOB used to drill the formation to cement and see if it
holds without any rotation.

Note If cement is soft, reduce flow rate and slow down ROP further.

Drill 3 ft (1m) in ribs off mode to make sure the ribs are in new cement and chance to
get hung up is reduced (only applies if enough cement plug is available). If the cement
is very hard, reduce WOB to avoid skidding off the plug early and creating a HLD.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 31 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

6. Downlink to steer mode or magnetic steer mode (depending on steering unit type). If
using magnetic steer mode (ATK eXact, ATC, ATK G3 and ATK GT4/GT4-G), steer
direction is the actual planned azimuth minus any magnetic correction.
7. Initiate the sidetrack by steering no greater than 125° Left or Right (opposite to pilot
hole) and using 50–80% SF (not 100%SF in order to avoid HLD).
8. Maintain high rotation speed of at least 120rpm at all times and see the Table 4 for
other recommended parameter settings.
Table 4: Parameters for various formation and cement harnesses (Flow rate and ROP)
Flow Cement
ROP Soft Medium Hard

Low flow Full flow Low flow

Soft ≤ 16ft/ hr ≤16ft/hr ≤16ft/hr
(5m/hr) (5m/hr) (5m/hr)
Formation
hardness Low flow
Full flow Full flow
Medium ≤16ft/hr
50% of drilling ROP 50% of drilling ROP
(5m/hr)

9. Maintain selected tool face until the Near Bit Inclination (NBI) deviates more than 1°
from the original well path.
10. In case of pure turn, wait for the survey tool to be in new hole and start a new survey to
confirm the side track.
11. If CoPilot data is available, use bending moment and bending moment toolface data to
confirm the sidetrack.
12. Once the inclination or azimuth trend is increasing, increase ROP in 1.5 m/hr (5 ft/hr)
steps until the sidetrack is confirmed.
13. Once the sidetrack is confirmed, drill ahead as planned.
14. After three stands have been drilled, consider a short trip to slide through sidetrack
area for confirmation that junction is free of obstruction so that tools/casing can pass
the area easily. If required, the same can be repeated while POOH prior to run casing.

10.6 Whipstock/Lateral Casing Exits

10.6.1 Background
Casing exits with a whipstock involves two stages:
1. A milling phase where a window is cut in the casing with milling tools, and
2. A drilling phase where drilling tools make new hole away from the existing wellbore.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 32 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

It is highly recommended that the BHGE representative be closely involved in the

planning stage with the operator and the whipstock milling company.
10.6.2 Whipstock Setting and Milling Considerations
 Initially the whipstock is oriented (gyro or high side measurement) and set in the
desired direction.
 Set the whipstock in a position where there is good cement behind the casing.
 Vertical Wells: Set the whipstock in the target direction.
 Inclined Wells: Set the whipstock to 35–45° right or left of high side.
 Avoid setting the whipstock in a position which requires a casing collar to be milled.
 The milling bottom hole assembly (BHA) is usually tapered which results in an under
gauge bore hole outside of the casing.
 It is critical the whipstock company follows their milling parameters to insure the mills
stay on the face of the WS and the casing is elongated above the WS slide.
 Ensure that the upper watermelon of the mill came out in gauge. Depending upon
type of mills and whipstock company, a second milling run will have to be made if the
mill is more than 1/16-in. under gauge.
 Most milling assemblies produce 20–27 ft (6–9 m) rathole outside the casing. The
length of the in-gauge rathole is determined by the milling assembly:
 The top mill must reach the bottom of the whipstock slide.
Use ditch magnets to remove the metal cuttings generated by milling the
casing from the circulating system. This will prevent magnetic interference or
tool damage.
 Whipstock type - some whipstocks have a severe whipstock face angle and can
generate a 16–20°/100’ equivalent dogleg. Rotating tools through this curvature is
considered OOS and can cause failure. Refer to OOS policy (GOP-20-70-0000-01-
01).
 It is important to consider the dog leg limitations of the BHA, provided by the
BHASYSPro analysis.
 Consideration needs to be given for magnetic interference and anti-collision
practices. Refer to Wellbore Positioning chapter in this document.
10.6.3 References
 OOS policy GOP-20-70-0000-01-01
10.6.4 Drill Out Procedure—Motor BHAs
The following procedure assumes that the window has been milled to full gauge, the
rathole is in place, and we are tripping in to drill ahead:
1. Start circulation above the whipstock and orient the motor tool face (TF) to the
whipstock orientation.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 33 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

2. Stop circulation. Slide slowly and carefully over the whipstock face and through the
window, to avoid damaging the window or moving the whipstock anchors.
3. Once the UBHS is outside the window, start circulation. Slide BHA to the bottom of the
full gauge section of the rathole.
4. Orient motor TF to the desired direction.
5. Drill ahead sliding with low WOB to the bottom of the rathole.
6. Once the MWD/LWD components of the BHA are fully buried in new hole, rotate or
slide as desired to achieve the planned well path.
10.6.5 Drill Out Procedure—Motorized AutoTrak Systems
The considerations about minimum rathole length will assist in making the decision of
whether or not there is a need for a dedicated BHA run before tripping in with the
AutoTrak X-treme BHA.
The following procedure assumes that the window has been milled to full gauge, the
rathole is in place, and we are tripping in to drill ahead.
1. Pre-program the desired steering parameters on surface.
2. Trip slowly and carefully with no flow over the whipstock face and through the window,
to avoid damaging the window or moving the whipstock anchors.
3. Do not pump to avoid rotating the steering unit on the whipstock face.
4. Run to the bottom of the in-gauge portion of the rathole.
5. Break gels and wash the assembly to the bottom of the full gauge section of the
rathole.
6. Drill ahead without rotation.
7. Once the entire BHA is buried in new hole, start the rotary and drill ahead using normal
drilling parameters.
10.6.6 Drill Out Procedure—AutoTrak Systems
The considerations about minimum rathole length will assist in making the decision of
whether or not there is a need for a dedicated BHA run before tripping in with the
AutoTrak BHA.
The following procedure assumes that the window has been milled to full gauge, an
adequate rathole is in place, and we are tripping in to drill ahead.
1. Ensure AutoTrak is in ribs off mode or if steering parameters were pre-programmed,
stay below a flow rate that will activate the AutoTrak ribs.
2. Without rotation, trip slowly and carefully over the whipstock face and through the
window, to avoid damaging the window or moving the whipstock anchors.
3. Wash the assembly to the bottom of the full gauge section of the rathole.
4. Start rotation slowly.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 34 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

5. Drill ahead with 30 rpm and 10–15 klb (5–8 tons) the bottom of the milled hole.
6. Once BHA components up to the topmost stabilizer are buried in new hole, use the
normal drilling parameters.

10.7 Kicking Off From Vertical—AutoTrak Systems

10.7.1 Background
Ensure no anti-collision issues with any adjacent wells, double check the well plan to
make sure the well target can be reached without exceeding the tools dog leg severity
limits.
In order to kick off in the correct direction magnetometers within the steering unit are
necessary for an oriented kick off. Without magnetometers only blind kick off from vertical
are possible. Therefore, the kick off procedure strongly depends on the steering unit type.
Carefully select the appropriate procedure based on the used steering unit type.
10.7.2 Gravity STEER MODE Method – 6-3/4-in. and 9-1/2-in. AutoTrak G3
1. Set tool to steer direction zero (high side), SF as required according to plan.
2. Start drilling. When the kick-off is performed from a cement plug into harder formation it
is recommended to time drill initially and monitor the near bit inclination (NBI) for
indications that the well is indeed building angle at the desired rate. If necessary, adjust
SF to achieve desired rate of build. Be aware that when at very low inclinations, slightly
higher sleeve rotation rates and lower build up rates than normal may occur.
3. When the directional sensor in the MWD indicates 0.8–1.0° inclination in the hole, take
a survey. This survey will give you the first indication as to the direction the well has
kicked off in.
4. Take a survey at least every 30 ft (10 m) to monitor progress.
5. Adjust Steer Direction to turn the well hard left or hard right to the planned hole
direction while keeping the inclination in the range 1° to 2°.
6. FREQUENTLY PROJECT THE RATE OF TURN TO THE BIT. The well will be turning
very rapidly at these low angles.
7. Re-adjust Steer Direction to 0 (highside) once the desired direction has been achieved
and continue drilling as per normal procedure.
10.7.3 Gravity STEER MODE Method—6-3/4-in. and 9-1/2-in. AutoTrak eXpress
1. Send downlink to Steer mode and simply drill ahead while keeping a close watch on the
NB inclination.
2. Drill with maximum SF and low WOB so as to obtain a build as soon as possible.
3. As soon as the directional sensor (DAS) gets to the depth where the NBI showed about
0.8° to 1.0°, then start taking check short surveys so as to get an azimuth trend.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 35 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

4. Continue to take azimuth check shot every 15 to 30 ft (depending on how critical this is)
until the NB inclination shows 2.5° to 3.0°. (You may have to drill a bit further to get 3°
at the MWD sensor). At this point, recycle the pumps, pick the string off bottom and set
the tool into ribs off mode. Take a stationary survey in order to orient the DAS to the
toolface that you wish to drill with. This should come up with a high side toolface if the
DAS has seen the 3°.
5. Send downlink #8 to set the tool into steer mode, thus changing the toolface to steer
direction. If further adjustment is required on the direction at this point, then, use
downlink command #4 or #5 to effect + or -10° change in direction.
6. Ensure that the forces used do not call for maximum build until the hole direction is
close to the desired. At this point, if the kick-off is performed cautiously, the azimuth will
be in the desired quadrant. The aim at this point is to obtain the maximum required turn
while not losing the highside.
10.7.4 HOLD MODE Method—6-3/4-in. and 9-1/2-in. AutoTrak G3
1. Set tool to Hold Mode, Walk Force 0, Build Force according to the dogleg severity,
Target Inclination according to inclination you require to perform the turn at (> 1.5 °).
2. Start drilling. When the kick-off is performed from a cement plug into harder formation it
is recommended to drill initially and monitor the NBI for indications that the well is
needed building angle at the desired rate. If necessary, adjust Build Force to achieve
desired BUR. Be aware that when a very low inclination, slightly higher sleeve rotation
rates and lower build up rates than normal may occur.
3. When the directional sensor is in a position where there is 0.8–1.0° inclination in the
hole, take a survey. This survey will give you the first indication as to the direction of the
well has kicked off in.
4. Take a survey at least every 30 ft (10 m) to monitor progress.
5. Set Walk Force to turn the well hard left or hard right to the planned hole direction while
keeping the inclination in the range 1–2°.
6. FREQUENTLY PROJECT THE RATE OF TURN TO THE BIT. The well will be turning
very rapidly at these low angles. For example at 2.5° inclination, assuming dog leg
gradient (DLG) of 0.065°/100 ft/%force, 41% Walk Force will result in a turn rate of 2°
every meter (3 ft) drilled. At 1.5° inclination, this will result in over 3° turn per meter (3 ft)
drilled.
7. Once the desired direction has been achieved, re-adjust Walk Force to 0 and increase
Target Inclination as per plan requirements (downlink 1- Hold Mode, Walk Force,
Target Inc.) Adjust Build Force as necessary.
8. If a large turn is required consider starting the turn at low inclination (1.5°) and then
increase Target Inclination to 2.5° then 3.5° to slow the turn as desired direction is
approached. This will of course consume more TVD, so balance the requirements for
your job.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 36 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

10.7.5 Magnetic STEER MODE Method—All AutoTrak Curve and eXact Systems, 4-3/4-in. AutoTrak G3
with GT3/GT4 Steering Unit
1. Try to kick-off maximum 15 m (50 ft) earlier to allow for compensation of any early
formation tendencies.
2. Downlink to Magnetic Steer Mode.
3. Steer Direction is the actual planned azimuth minus any magnetic correction.
4. Avoid using too high forces to begin with to avoid creating early high DLS.
5. Restrict ROP to ~15 m/hr (50 ft/hr) to begin with and drill with a constant WOB.
6. Use high bit rpm, 150 and above to ensure enough side cutting is achieved per m (ft)
drilled. Monitor VSS and adjust accordingly.
7. Monitor NBI trend and compare with survey inclination. If the trend indicates higher
than necessary build, initially increase ROP. Once maximum ROP for the formation has
been reached and if still getting higher than needed build rates, reduce SF.
8. If the system is not building, try reducing ROP while maximizing rpm which can help to
increase build rates (if the rig is using AutoDriller watch for the correct controllable
variable as sometimes setting ROP to certain value can lead to poor build/turn rates).
The use of high SF (> 85%) should be used as last resources to avoid extra strain on
hydraulics, and to avoid unwanted HLD.
9. Once successfully kicked off and the survey inclination is above 5°, downlink to Gravity
Steer Mode.
10.7.6 Magnetic STEER MODE Method—4-3/4-in. AutoTrak eXpress with GT3/GT4 Steering Unit
1. DLK to ribs off.
2. Orient DAS to desired Magnetic Tool Face (MTF).
3. Downlink command #15 for Magnetic Steer Mode.
4. Restrict ROP to ~15 m/hr (50 ft/hr) to begin with and drill with a constant WOB.
5. Use high bit rpm, 150 and above to ensure enough side cutting is achieved per m (ft)
drilled. Monitor VSS and adjust accordingly.
6. Drill in Magnetic Steer Mode until the DAS indicates an Inclination > 3–5°.
7. DLK to ribs off.
8. Orient DAS to desired Gravity Tool Face (GTF).
9. Downlink command #8 (Gravity Steer Mode) and drill ahead.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 37 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

10.7.7 References
 Directional Drilling with AutoTrak ATK-20-70-0000-04-07
 Job Aid AutoTrak eXpress ATDG-20-70-0000-10-03
 6-3/4" AutoTrak Curve - Directional Drilling ATC-20-04-008

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 38 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

11 Troubleshooting and Special Operations

11.1 Negative Drill Break
11.1.1 Background
A negative drill break is a sudden drop in rate of penetration (ROP) when a new formation is
encountered.
A negative drill break will often initiate bit whirl, therefore monitor lateral vibrations and whirl
diagnostics. For roller cone bits, also monitor axial vibrations.
It is sometimes impossible to eliminate lateral vibrations without initiating Stick-Slip. In this
case, Stick-Slip is preferable over lateral vibrations.
Negative drilling break practices should be followed whenever the penetration rate falls
rapidly to less than 50% of its previous value or to less than 10 ft/hr (3 m/hr). The correct
procedure to be followed depends on the penetration rate after the negative drilling break.
When the penetration rate falls rapidly to less than 50% of its previous value, parameters
should be optimized to maintain/improve ROP by performing a drill off test.
If ROP suddenly falls to extremely low values (10 ft/hr (3 m/hr) or less), a hard rock interface
could be indicated. In this case, the focus should be on preserving bit life and preventing bit
cutter damage, especially at high angle.
Insufficient depth of cut at hard rock interfaces can lead to bit whirl, premature cutter
damage, borehole spiraling, and borehole enlargement.
There is also a risk of creating a HLD if the bit is deflected by a hard rock interface along the
surface of the hard rock interface.
11.1.2 Option 1: Instantaneous Drop in ROP by 50% or more
1. Decrease rpm gradually to 40–70 and hold WOB. This should establish torsional
oscillations that indicate that the bit is cutting, but not initiating full Stick-Slip.
2. Perform a drill off test:
3. Firstly, hold WOB steady and vary the rpm
4. Secondly, hold rpm steady and vary the WOB.
5. Select the most effective parameters to optimize ROP.
6. If using an Automatic Driller, adjust the set points as per the Automatic Driller
procedure.
11.1.3 Option 2: Instantaneous Drop in ROP to 10 ft/hr (3 m/hr), or less
1. Pull off bottom.
2. Reduce rpm to 40–70.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 39 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

3. If using motors, reduce the surface rpm to 20–30 and reduce flow rate to minimize bit
rpm.
4. Tag bottom and raise WOB quickly to maximum level that avoids Stick-Slip.
5. Maintained or increase WOB to provide a sufficient depth of cut to prevent bit damage
and to avoid initiation of borehole patterns.
6. Adjust drilling parameters to maximize ROP. Hard rock generally requires high values
of WOB and low values of rpm.

11.2 Borehole Patterns

11.2.1 Background
_
Borehole patterns, which include spiralling, rippling, hour-glassing, are often unrecognized as
drilling issues. The root causes of these patterns can be bottom hole assembly (BHA)
Borehole Oscillations Defined
design, stabilizer design and placement, bit gauge/aggressiveness and drilling practices.
Figure 3: Borehole Patterns Examples

Rippling Spiraling Hour-glassing

Wear scars

Once created they lead to serious consequences in terms of drilling efficiency, tripping
difficulties, inadequate build rates, drill string/bit/BHA damage and hole cleaning. They can
also cause issues with running casing, cementing, formation evaluation, and completion.
Borehole patterns are self-sustaining and will continue unless mitigated.
Therefore, it is crucial that irregular borehole patterns are recognized while drilling that
mitigation action can be implemented.
11.2.2 Recognition of borehole patterns while drilling
 Cyclic near bit inclination (NBI) patterns with AutoTrak equal to bit-ribs distance.
 Cyclic patterns of CoPilot bending moment/ tool face (TF), downhole WOB.
 Higher torque and drag values.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 40 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

 Striping on image logs equals the bit to ribs distance.

 Excessive Stick-Slip.
 Reduced steerability / build rate.
11.2.3 Recognition of borehole patterns during post run analysis
 Due to higher resolution, cyclic patterns of bending moment and NBI data may be only
visible in memory data.
 In some cases, Stabilizer/ BHA damage seen with a green (undamaged) bits or impact
damage to shoulder cutters (beach marks).
11.2.4 Planning against borehole pattern
 BHA stability, this can be done making the BHA stiffer. Max .OD and use more close to full
gage stabilizers.
 Long bit gauge, as long as the application allows (long bit needs gauge undercut to deliver
build.
 Gauge trimmers on the bits with drill out feature.
 Avoid equally spaced stabilizers.
 Avoid mixing long and short gauge stabilizer or short bit and long stabilizers.
 Medium/short gauge spiral integral blade (IB) stabilizers.
 Tapered leading and trailing edges on stabilizers.
 Avoid high adjustable kick off (AKO) motor setting.
 Consider using roller reamers if in interbedded formations, hard rock, high dip areas.
11.2.5 Prevention/operating practice
 Avoid high AKO motor setting
 Use no more SF than necessary
 Avoid whirl and lateral vibrations.
 Avoid high revolutions per minute (rpm) with low WOB.
 Make connections 5 ft (2 m) from bottom.
 Avoid reaming off bottom with high rpm.
11.2.6 Mitigating established borehole patterns
 Use negative drill break practices, after connections and when severe borehole pattern
problems are observed.
 Drill with ribs off for a distance equal to bit to the first stabilizer of AutoTrak
 Drill with increased WOB and reduced rpm
 Motor AKO bend may make it difficult to recognize or mitigate borehole patterns

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 41 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

 Run EZReam for running the casing

 Check offset wells and BHAs used at the location or in similar formations.

11.3 High Local Dogleg—AutoTrak Systems

11.3.1 Background
HLD are unplanned high dogleg deviations of the wellbore that could result in the maximum
dogleg severity specification of the BHA being exceeded. HLD can present additional
challenges, e.g. exceeding the dogleg severity limits for running of production screens.
It is imperative that HLDs should be avoided at all times!
Drilling through a HLD is likely to be considered an Out of Specification situation (OOS)
requiring customer notification.
HLD can occur in the vertical plane (inclination change), in the horizontal plane (azimuthal
change) and, most commonly, as a combination of both. There is an increased possibility to
create HLDs in the following situations:
 Formation changes
 Hard Stringers
 Dull drill bit
 Unconsolidated formation (which is washing out)
 Correction of well path
If a HLD is created, each situation has to be evaluated individually. Keep in mind that the
number of bending cycles that the BHA is exposed to, will have an influence on the severity
of any possible damage.
Any HLD in the well path must be noted and recorded on the Hole Restriction Identification
Form and communicated to the DD. This is vital for later trips in/out of the hole. Refer to the
Tripping Through High Local Dogleg procedure to follow in such instances.
When survey, NBI or CoPilot data indicate an undesirable trend, start remedial action
immediately, do not wait until a HLD is created! If the HLD trend is not broken, alternative
action must be evaluated. Such alternatives can be a more flexible BHA or an open hole
sidetrack (OHST).
11.3.2 Procedure—HLD during drilling
Continuously monitor near bit inclination (NBI), CoPilot bending moment and bending tool
face (if available) to identify any changes in trend. If CoPilot is unavailable, only survey data
will show azimuthal deflections. In this case, they may not be recognizable until after they
have occurred.
Stop immediately when an unplanned change in NBI or CoPilot data occurs.
Evaluate to time drill the HLD to avoid hydraulic impact (most common failure) to the ribs.
Alternatively: Attempt to ream the dogleg 2–3 times, start at 15–30 ft/hr (5–10 m/hr) and

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 42 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

gradually increase reaming speed up to a maximum of 150 ft/hr (45 m/hr), if more passes are
needed.
If CoPilot is in the hole check bending moment chart, to evaluate if drilling should proceed.
If HLD trend is broken, continue drilling.
If unable to reduce HLD, downlink the necessary steering parameters (BF/WF/TI) to resolve
the situation.
Avoid high SF opposite to the direction of the HLD as drive shaft damage can occur.
Utilize low WOB and low rpm. If possible drill a 15–30 ft (5-10 m) tangent section, while
evaluating NBI, CoPilot Bending Moment and Bending Tool Face, and VSS data.
Adjust the necessary AutoTrak parameters step-wise to continue drilling original well path.
Then optimize AutoTrak and drilling parameters.
Note: If a correction to the wellpath must be made (due to an HLD), then this must be made
gradually (i.e. not using excessive AutoTrak steering forces). Otherwise there is the potential
for the creation of a second HLD. Care must be especially taken with more flexible tools or
smaller tool sizes, as they have a higher build capability.
Note: In all cases, when drilling through an HLD, reduce rpm to decrease the number of
bending cycles the equipment is exposed to, but avoid inducing vibrations.

11.4 Preventing Accidental Sidetracking from Existing Hole

11.4.1 Background
It is not uncommon for hole enlargement / under-reaming or clean out runs to be carried out
in a separate run after the original pilot hole has been drilled. A risk associated with any BHA
run into a pilot hole is that the well may accidently sidetrack.
When re-entering existing hole is planned, consider the following in order to guard against
accidental sidetracking.
11.4.2 Directional Surveying
The type of surveying instrument used, the frequency of the surveying and the operational
procedures will be determined at the well planning stage when the survey program is written
by the well planner, applications engineer and directional drilling coordinator. This is part of
the client’s drilling program.
 Ensure that the well survey program includes consideration of any BHA run into the pre-
existing, uncased, pilot hole.
 The survey program must be sufficient to allow appropriate check-shot surveys to be
compared with those of the original hole to confirm the BHA is still in the original hole.
11.4.3 BHA Design with Hole Openers
Design the hole enlargement BHA in such a manner that it resists accidental sidetracking:
 Use a bull-nose at the bottom of the BHA and not a drill bit.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 43 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

 If a bull-nose is used, consider blanking the center jet if the formation is particularly weak
to avoid jetting a ledge.
 If a drill bit is run (bull noses are not acceptable to some operators), use a drill bit that is
significantly smaller than the original pilot hole size (e.g., 12-1/4-in. bit in 16-in. pilot hole)
and run a string stabilizer of pilot hole diameter under the hole enlargement device to help
prevent the BHA entering a new hole that the smaller bit may have created.
 Plan sufficient flexibility in the BHA below the hole enlargement device to allow it to easily
follow the trajectory of the pilot hole and guide the hole enlargement device through.
11.4.4 Operational Procedures
 At the job planning stage and again prior to running the hole enlargement assembly,
identify areas which pose the highest risk of accidental sidetracking and discuss this with
the rigsite team.
 These can include intervals of weak formation, hard stringers, and changes in trajectory.
In these intervals, be particularly vigilant:
 Follow survey program
 Do not remain circulating at the same point for longer time. Maintain some ROP.
 Pay close attention to operational parameters (especially WOB and cuttings returns) for
any sign of accidental sidetracking.

11.5 FIT/LOT Preparation—AutoTrak Systems

11.5.1 Procedure
This procedure is describing the FIT/LOT preparation.
1. Drill new formation to required depth.
2. If ribs activated, pull 3 ft (1 m) off bottom, downlink to ribs off, rotate at 40 rpm for seven
minutes to ensure that ribs are retracted.
3. Circulate hole clean according to the drilling program.
4. Ream back into casing with 50–100 rpm.
5. Perform FIT/LOT program, this is determined by the client.
6. Bring pumps to MWD operational flow, record min/max ESD readings (if batteries fitted)
from FIT/LOT prior of starting rotation.
7. Slowly return to bottom in ribs off. Once ribs are in new hole, downlink required steering
commands. Consider to drill 5 ft in ribs off if ATK sleeve is spinning.
8. Drill ahead as planned.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 44 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

11.6 Controlling Losses, Lost Circulation Material

11.6.1 Background
Losses can be encountered when the hydraulic integrity of the wellbore is compromised, due
to a breakdown of weak or depleted formation. In these cases, lost circulation material (LCM)
can be pumped downhole.
This can cause downhole failures as the material can impact or block the pulser/turbine of
the MWD tool. Applying the following procedures reduces the risk of failure. These
procedures DO NOT guarantee a functional tool after the material is pumped, though they
are designed to mitigate the plugging of the tool.
11.6.2 Procedure
1. Give these procedures in writing to the company representative and mud engineer.
Pumping LCM can be an Out of Specification situation (OOS) requiring customer
notification.
2. Confirm the pump efficiency and displacement, to accurately calculate the volume
required to reach the tool and the bit and confirm that all products have passed through
the bit before shutting down the cement/rig pumps.
3. It is critical that the product being pumped is very well mixed as it is standard operating
procedures when pumping any LCM material and continuously agitated prior to being
pumped down hole. The mud engineer should ensure no clumps/fish eyes/dry product
is present in the mixture. Low concentrations are recommended.
4. A spacer of ca. 10 bbl. (1,600 l) of base oil/water should be pumped before and after
the product in question is pumped. This should assist in cleaning the tool before and
after the material goes through. Adjust spacer volume for tool and hole size, as
necessary.
5. As the product gets close to the MWD tool, slow the pumps down to a flow rate below
the start-up of the tool until all the material has passed through the tool. There will be
an increase in pump pressure while the material goes through the tool and the bit.
Monitor the pump pressure closely.
6. After displacement of all products, it is recommended that any residual product be
cleaned immediately from the inner diameter (ID) of the tool by pulling up one or two
stands (ensuring that the bit is above material) and circulating and rotating well below
the tool`s operating range for at least ten minutes if possible.
7. Bring the pumps up to the mid or upper end of the tool`s operating range and check on
decoding.
Even if the tool is working, there will probably be missing or deformed pulses.
8. Keep pumping until the tool is operating normally. Cycle the pumps only after the tool is
working normally. This may take 15 or 20 minutes. DO NOT RUSH.
9. Continue with normal operations.
Fibrous LCM material should not be used.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 45 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

11.6.3 References
 LCM Procedure BCPM2-20-70-0000-06-01
 Drilling Services - Operations Outside of Specifications GOP-20-70-0000-01-01.

11.7 Jetting—Rotary BHA

11.7.1 Background
Jetting or badgering is a technique used to deviate wellbores in soft formations (to be eroded
by the mud exiting the large nozzle). A rough rule of thumb, if formations cannot be drilled at
ROP greater than 80 ft/hr (25 m/hr) using normal drilling parameters, they are not suitable for
jetting. A special jet bit may be used, but it is also common practice to use a standard soft
formation tri-cone bit, with one very large nozzle and two smaller ones. Consider to jet the
hole with a smaller diameter (easier to build) and then go in to enlarge it after you have done
the directional work.
11.7.2 Procedure
1. Run the assembly to bottom, take a survey. Oriented the large nozzle (the tool face) in
the required direction.
2. Establish maximum circulation and generate a controlled washout.
3. Spud the drillstring up and down periodically, do not rotate, until 5 - 12 feet of hole have
been made and the bit and near bit stabilizer have been forced into the washed out
pocket. Lift the string 5 ft (1.5m) to 10 ft (3 m) off bottom and then let it fall, catch it with
the brake so that the stretch of the string causes it to spud on bottom rather than the full
weight of the string.
4. Jet 3–8 ft (1–2.5 m) of the hole (the exact distance depends on the required build rate
and previous results) start rotary drilling. Reduce the circulation rate to about 50 %.
5. Ignore hole cleaning considerations while drilling the next 10 ft (3 m). Use high WOB
(40–50 klb) and low rpm (60–70) to bend the assembly and force it to follow through the
trend established while jetting. If not enough WOB can be applied, reduce the flow rate.
Progress may be difficult at first because of interference between the stabilizer and the
irregularly shaped jetted hole.
6. After drilling approximately 10 ft (3 m) of hole, increase the pump rate to 60–70% of the
rate originally used while jetting. High WOB and low rpm should be maintained. The
hole is drilled down to the next survey point.
7. Take a survey to evaluate the progress. Ream the section, if the dogleg is too severe
and take another survey. Decrease the length of following jetting sections to allow for
smaller doglegs.
8. Repeat jetting every single, at the start of the kick-off, until about 3° of angle has been
built. After that, it is normal to jet every double.
9. After drilling each section, re-orient the jet nozzle to the desired tool-face setting before
jetting again. Repeat the operation until sufficient angle has been built and the well
head has the desired direction.

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 46 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Note: During the initial spudding and washing process, a pocket is produced in the formation
in direction of the large jet nozzle. When high WOB is applied and the drill string rotated the
bit and near bit stabilizer work their way into the pocket (following the path of least
resistance). The collars above the near bit stab bend and contact the low side of the hole.
This causes a bending moment about the NB stabilizer which acts as a pivot of fulcrum, and
the bit is pushed harder into the pocket (i.e. the direction in which the large nozzles were
originally oriented).
For successful jetting adequate hydraulic energy must be available at the bit to erode the
formation. A rule of thumb for jetting is that mud velocity through the large jet should be at
least 500 ft/sec (approximately 150 m/sec).

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 47 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Appendix A. Cross Reference Table for ATK Systems

An overview of the different ATK systems and their main features is provided below:

AutoTrak G3
AutoTrak V

AutoTrak

AutoTrak

AutoTrak

AutoTrak
eXpress

eXpress

Curve
eXact

eXact
AutoTrak
System
6-3/4-in. 6-3/4-in. 6-3/4-in.
Steering 4-3/4-in. 4-3/4-in. 6-
Unit 9-1/2-in. 4-3/4-in. 9-1/2-in. 4-3/4-in. 9-1/2-in. 4-3/4-in. 4-3/4-in. 6-3/4-in. 3/4-in. 6-3/4-in.
Version G3 SU GT4 SU G3 SU GT4 SU G3 SU GT3 SU GT4 SU eXact SU eXact SU Curve SU

Conventional
Motor O O N N O++ O++ O++ O++ N O++
Powered
Modular
Motor O** O** O O O O O O O N
Powered
Built-in Near
N O* N O* N N O* N N Y
Bit Gamma
Directional
N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
MWD
Modular LWD-
N N N N O O O O N N
FE
Automated
Downlink Y Y O O Y Y Y Y N Y
(ABPA)
High Speed
Telemetry N N N N O O O O N N
(BCPM2)
Oriented Kick-
off N Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y
from Vertical
Vertical Mode Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y
Center Mode Y Y Y Y Y+ Y+ Y+ Y Y Y
Magnetic
N Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y
steer mode
Advanced N N N N Y Y Y Y Y Y
Inclination

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 48 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

AutoTrak G3
AutoTrak V

AutoTrak

AutoTrak

AutoTrak

AutoTrak
eXpress

eXpress

Curve
eXact

eXact
AutoTrak
System
6-3/4-in. 6-3/4-in. 6-3/4-in.
Steering 4-3/4-in. 4-3/4-in. 6-
Unit 9-1/2-in. 4-3/4-in. 9-1/2-in. 4-3/4-in. 9-1/2-in. 4-3/4-in. 4-3/4-in. 6-3/4-in. 3/4-in. 6-3/4-in.
Version G3 SU GT4 SU G3 SU GT4 SU G3 SU GT3 SU GT4 SU eXact SU eXact SU Curve SU
Hold Mode
(AIHM)
Adaptive
Center Force N N N N Y N N Y Y Y
Mode (ACFM)
High
temperature O N O N O N N N N N
(>150°C)
MWD
Vibration
Stick-Slip N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
(VSS)
Measurement
Near Bit
Tangential
N N N N N N N Y Y Y
Acceleration
Measurement
Near Bit
Vibration
Stick-Slip N Y N Y N N Y Y Y Y
(VSS)
Measurement
Drilling
Dynamics O O O O O O O O O N
(CoPilot)

Y Standard offering + No designated Center Mode, but SU can be set to SF0, SD0, which achieves the same result as Center Mode

N Not available ++ A battery may be required

O Optional * The 4-3/4-in. GT4-G SU has a built-in gamma sensor

** Optional, but not recommended (use conventional motor instead)

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 49 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Notes:

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 50 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Notes:

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 51 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Notes:

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 52 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential
 OPS-GLB-En-103188 Rev: AD
Effective Date: 9/16/2021
Common Drilling Guidelines

Notes:

Uncontrolled when printed or transmitted electronically Page 53 of 56 Baker Hughes – Company Confidential