2

1 Which quantity is a vector?

A acceleration
B distance
C speed
D time

2 The diagram shows the resultant R of a 3.0 N force and a 4.0 N force that act at a point P.

3.0 N R

P
4.0 N

The angle between the 3.0 N force and the 4.0 N force can be any value from 0° to 90°.

Which value of R is not possible?

A 4.0 N B 5.0 N C 6.0 N D 7.0 N

3 What is measured using a micrometer?

A area
B current
C length
D mass

4 Stop-watches are used to time the runners in a race.

The stop-watches show the times recorded for the winner and another runner.

1 1
min s 100
s min s 100
s

00:57:76 01:03:84

winner other runner

What is the difference in time between the winner and the other runner?

A 0.4608 s B 6.08 s C 46.08 s D 608 s

© UCLES 2020 5054/12/M/J/20

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1 Which list contains only scalar quantities?

A acceleration, displacement, velocity

B distance, force, speed
C force, length, time
D length, mass, speed

2 A manufacturer measures the three dimensions of a wooden floor tile using three different
instruments.

The approximate dimensions of the tile are shown.

length 0.4 m
thickness 0.005 m

(not to scale)

width 0.08 m

Which instruments are used to measure accurately each of these dimensions?

length thickness width

A metre rule micrometer calipers

B metre rule calipers micrometer

C micrometer metre rule calipers

D calipers micrometer metre rule

© UCLES 2017 5054/12/O/N/17

 2

1 Fig. 1.1 shows two strips of staples.

strip of 40
staples

width of strip

Fig. 1.1 NOT to scale

(a) The width of one strip is 56 mm. There are 40 staples in the strip.

Calculate the average width of one staple.

average width of one staple = .................................................. mm [2]

(b) A student wants to find the volume of one strip of 40 staples. The student has a measuring
cylinder and a beaker of water as shown in Fig. 1.2.

strip measuring water

of staples cylinder

Fig. 1.2

© UCLES 2023 0625/32/F/M/23

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Describe how the student can determine the volume of one strip of staples by using the
equipment shown in Fig. 1.2.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(c) The staples are made from a block of metal.

The mass of the block is 296 g. The volume of the block is 33.2 cm3.
Calculate the density of the metal. Include the unit.

density of the metal = .............................................. unit ................................ [4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2023 0625/32/F/M/23 [Turn over

 2

Section A

Answer all the questions in this section. Answer in the spaces provided.

1 An aircraft flies at a constant height.

Air drag and the force from the aircraft’s engines together produce a force on the aircraft of 36 kN
due north, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

The wind produces a force of 12 kN towards the east.

north
36 kN

12 kN

Fig. 1.1 (not to scale)

(a) Draw a scale drawing to show the resultant force acting on the aircraft.

Use your drawing to determine the size of the resultant force and the angle between the
resultant force and north.

size of resultant force = ...............................................................

angle = ...............................................................
[3]

© UCLES 2021 5054/21/M/J/21

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1 (a) A boat crosses a river. The boat points at right angles to the river bank and it travels at a
speed of 3.5 m / s relative to the water.

A river current acts at right angles to the direction the boat points. The river current has a
speed of 2.5 m / s.

By drawing a scale diagram or by calculation, determine the speed and direction of the boat
relative to the river bank.

speed = ...............................................................

direction relative to the river bank = ...............................................................

[4]

(b) Speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity.

State the names of one other scalar quantity and one other vector quantity.

scalar quantity ..........................................................................................................................

vector quantity ..........................................................................................................................

[2]

[Total: 6]

© UCLES 2023 0625/42/F/M/23 [Turn over

 2

Section A

Answer all the questions in this section. Answer in the spaces provided.

1 (a) (i) State the difference between a scalar quantity and a vector quantity.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State two examples of each type of quantity.

scalar quantity vector quantity

1 ...................................................... 1 ......................................................

2 ...................................................... 2 ......................................................
[2]

(b) Fig. 1.1 shows the direction and size of two vectors P and Q.

Fig. 1.1

In the space next to Fig. 1.1, draw a labelled vector diagram to show the resultant vector
obtained by adding vector P to vector Q.

Draw vector P, vector Q and the resultant vector to the same scale as in Fig. 1.1.
[2]

[Total: 5]

© UCLES 2021 5054/22/M/J/21

 2

Section A

Answer all the questions in this section. Answer in the spaces provided.

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a jug of liquid and an empty measuring cylinder that is on an electronic balance.

measuring

cm3
cylinder jug

electronic
balance

34.9 g liquid

Fig. 1.1

(a) The electronic balance uses the weight of the measuring cylinder to determine its mass.

Weight and mass have different units.

State two other ways in which weight differs from mass.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Describe how to determine the density of the liquid using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.1.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(c) The density of the liquid is 780 kg / m3.

Determine the volume of 0.65 kg of the liquid.

volume = ......................................................... [2]

[Total: 8]
© UCLES 2021 5054/22/O/N/21
 2

1 A student measures the diameter of some identical steel balls. Fig. 1.1 shows the arrangement
she uses.

A B

steel balls diameter wooden

block

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
cm

Fig. 1.1 (not to scale)

(a) (i) Using the ruler in Fig. 1.1, determine the distance AB on Fig. 1.1.

distance AB = ................................................... cm [2]

(ii) Use the distance AB to determine the diameter of one steel ball.

diameter of one steel ball = ................................................... cm [2]

(b) The mass of some steel balls is 54 g and the total volume of these steel balls is 6.9 cm3.

Calculate the density of the steel.

density of steel = .............................................. g / cm3 [3]

[Total: 7]

© UCLES 2023 0625/32/M/J/23

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1 Velocity is a vector quantity but speed is a scalar quantity.

(a) State how a vector quantity differs from a scalar quantity.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Underline all the vector quantities in the list.

acceleration distance energy mass momentum temperature [1]

(c) Fig. 1.1 shows a passenger running across a large ship at right angles to the direction in
which the ship is moving.

2.4 m / s
due north

90°
due east
6.8 m / s

passenger ship

Fig. 1.1 (not to scale)

The passenger runs across the ship at 2.4 m / s due north.

The large ship is travelling due east at 6.8 m / s.

Determine, either graphically or by calculation, the resultant velocity of the passenger. Give
the direction in which the passenger is moving relative to due north.

Show how the answer is obtained.

velocity = ............................... m / s at .............. ° from due north [4]

[Total: 6]
© UCLES 2023 5054/22/O/N/23
 3

(b) Fig. 1.2 shows the cyclist riding along a long straight road.

S N

Fig. 1.2

The speed of the cyclist is 15 m / s. Determine the velocity of the cyclist.

velocity = ........................................................ m / s

direction ...............................................................
[1]

[Total: 7]

© UCLES 2023 0625/31/O/N/23 [Turn over

 2

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a straight section of a river where the water is flowing from right to left at a speed of
0.54 m / s.

river

current

0.54 m / s

P
swimmer

Fig. 1.1 (not to scale)

A swimmer starts at point P and swims at a constant speed of 0.72 m / s relative to the water and at
right angles to the current.

(a) (i) Determine, relative to the river bank, both the magnitude and direction of the swimmer’s
velocity.

magnitude of velocity = ...............................................................

direction of velocity ...............................................................

[4]

(ii) After 1.5 minutes, the swimmer reaches point Q.

Calculate the distance between P and Q.

distance = ......................................................... [3]

© UCLES 2023 0625/41/M/J/23