Compilation of Solved Problems in Engineering Mathematics

A Mechanical Engineering Review 1 Project

Presented to the
Faculty of the College of Engineering and Architecture
Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements in Mechanical Engineering Review 1 Course Subject (ER1) for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

by

BSME 4-ABCED

Engr. Edriane Jay L. Dimanarig

Instructor
 December 2023

TABLE OF CONTENT
Three numbers m+2, 4m – 6, 3m – 2 are in arithmetic progression if m is equal to what value?
A. 0 C. 2

B. 1 D. 3 *

Solution:
2b = a+c

2(4m-6) = m+2 + 3m-2

8m-12 = 4m

8m-4m = 12

Ans. D.

Using the wheel and the axle, a 400 N load can be raised by a force of 50N applied to the rim of the wheel. The
radii of the wheel and the axle are 85 cm and 6 cm respectively. Calculate the efficiency of the machine.

A. 56% * C. 12.5%
B. 65 % D. 10 %

Solution:
df
IMA =
d fw

2 πR 8.5 cm
= = = 14
2 πr 6.0 cm

400 N
AMA = force ratio = = 8.0
50 N
Ans. A. AMA 8.0
e= =
IMA 14.2
 The sum of the reciprocals of three numbers in H.P. (harmonic progression) is 12 and the product of these
numbers is 1/48. What is the largest number?

A. 1/2* C. 1/6
B. 1/4 D. 1/3

Solution:

1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 * * = =
, , a a −d a+d 48 a −d 48
a −d a a+d

1 1 1 1
(a-d) + (a) + (a+d) = 12 ¿) * =
2 2 = 4−2 2
(a − d ) 48
a-d+a+a+d = 12
2 2
a − d = 12
3 a 12
= 2 2
3 3 4 − d = 12

A machine costing Php 720,000 is estimated to have a life of

10 years. If the annual rate of depreciation is 25%, determine the total depreciation using the constant percentage
or declining balance method.

A. 523,845.34 C. 542,437.23
B. 679,454.27 * D. 753,243.33

Solution:

Rv = C * ( 1 −r )n

= 720,000 * ( 1 −0.25 )10

= 720,000 * ( 75 )10

Rv = 40,536
Ans. B.
 What is the geometric mean between – 4 and – 25?

A. 10 C. 16
B. – 10 * D, - 16

Solution: GM = √ ab , a = -4 and b = -25

√ ab = √ a √ b
√ ab = √ − 4 * √ −25
= √ 4 √ −1 * √ 25 √ −1

= √ 4 i * √ 25 i
Ans. B.
= √ 4 * √ 25 i 2

A train weighing 1000 KN is being pulled up a 2% grade. The train’s resistance is 5 N/KN. Traveling the distance of
300 m the speed of the train was increased from 6 m/s to 12 m/s. What is the maximum power developed by the
locomotive.

A. 520.4 kW * C. 503.5 kW

B. 432.8 kW D. 521.7 Kw

Solution:
2 1(1000)(1000)
P (300) – 500 (300) – 1000 (1000) ( )(300) = [
100 2(9.81)
2 2
12 − 6 ¿

P = 43,349

P (v ) 43,349(12) 0.746 kW
Hp = = = 697.329 HP× = 520. 10 kW
Ans. A. 746 746 1 ℎp

There are 15 men is a room shake hands with each other, the total number of handshakes is:

A. 90 C. 110
B. 105 * D 115

Solution:
n n!
= ,
r r ! ( n− r ) !
 n n!
= ,
r r ! ( n− r ) !

n = number of People

r = one handshake 2 people

Ans. B.

Which of the following is not an assumption implicit in engineering economic analysis?

A. The beginning of the year convention is applicable.

B. There is no inflation now, nor will there be any inflation during the lifetime of the project.
C. The effective interest rate in the problem will be constant during the lifetime of the project.
D. Nonquantifiable factors can be disregarded.

Explanation: The beginning of the year convention, which assumes that all cash flows occur at the beginning of each
year, is not always an implicit assumption in engineering economic analysis. In reality, cash flows can happen at different
times, such as mid-year or end of the year. However, to simplify calculations, the end-of-the-year convention is more
commonly used in economic analysis.

Ans. A.
The number of triangles that can be formed with 6 points on a circle is

A. 6 C. 15

B. 12 D. 20 *

Solution:
n n!
= ,
r r ! ( n− r ) !

6 6!
=
3 3! ( 6 −3 ) !

6
Ans. D = 20
3

The term independent of x in the expansion of ( 2x + 1/3x) (raised to 6) is

A. 80/3 C. 160/27*
B. 80/9 D. 160/9

Solution:

( ( ))
6
1
2 x+
3x

rth term = nCr x n −1 y r

( )
r
6− 1 1
= 6Cr ( 2 x )
3x

()
r
6 −1 1 6 − 2r
= 6Cr ( 2 ) x
3

6-2r = 0
Ans. C.
 An air-water vapor mixture is at a temperature of 20oC. The partial pressure of water is 2.3 kPa, and the
partial pressure of the dry air is 99.1 kPa. The saturation pressure for water vapor at 20 oC is 2.339 kPa. What is
most nearly the humidity ratio of the air-water vapor mixture?
A. 0.014 * C. 0.35

B. 0.26 D. 0.38

Given: Solution:

𝑡 = 20°C Ps
Ps = 2.3 kPa ω=0.622
Pt − Ps

P𝑤𝑠 = 2.339 kPa

Pt = 99.1 kPa

2.3
ω=0.622
99.1− 2.3
Ans. A.

If matrix A is equal to first row ( ab , b(squared) ) and second row ( - a (squared) , - ab), then A is a:

A. Scalar matrix C. idempotent matrix

B. Nilpotent matrix D. involuntary matrix

Explanation:

A matrix is called nilpotent if there exists a positive integer k such that A k=0 (the zero matrix).

For the matrix A:

A=LATEXENV0

A =A⋅A=LATEXENV1
we calculated A2 :
2

Since A2=0, it shows that A is nilpotent because we found k=2 such that A2 =0.

Ans. B.
 In calculations using standard structural shapes of I- beams, it is assumed that the shear stress is carried
by the

A. entire cross-sectional area. C. web only.

B. top flange only when in compression. D. flanges only.

Explanation: The web of an I-beam carries shear stress because it is vertically oriented and has a larger area to resist
the sliding forces between the top and bottom flanges.

Ans. C.

A torsional pendulum is composed of a 0.5 m long shaft with a diameter of 0.5cm and a shear modulus of 8 x 104
MPa, and a thin 3 kg disk with a radius of 30 cm. The natural frequency of the pendulum is 8.5 rad/s. What is most nearly
the period of oscillation?

A .0.61 s C. 0.87 s

B .0.74 s * D. 0.96 s

𝐿 = 0.5 m
Given: Solution:

𝑑 = 0.5 cm = 0.005 m
2π
𝐺 = 8 × 10⁴ MPa = 8 × 10⁷ Pa
T=
ωn
𝑚 = 3 kg
𝑟 = 30 cm = 0.3 m
𝜔ₙ = 8.5 rad/s 2π
T=
8.5
Ans. B.

Calculate the largest diameter circle that will fit inside a regular pentagon with 2-cm sides?

A. 1.54 cm C. 3.29 cm
B. 2.752 cm * D. 1.54 cm

Solution: s
r= π
2 tan
5

Ans. B. 2
r= π
2 tan
5
 Compute the sum of integers from 1 to 100 that are divisible by 2 or 5.
A. 5450 C. 3050 *
B. 2520 D. 2050

Solution:

Divisible by 2 Divisible by 5

100 = 2 + (n-1) 2 100 = 5 + (n-1) 5

n = 50 n = 20

50 20
2+4+6……+100 = [2(2) + (50-1)(2)] 5+10+15……+100 = [2(5) + (20-1)(5)]
2 2

= 25(102) = 10(10+(19))5

= 2550 = 1050

Req. Sum
Divisible by 2 and 5
= 2250 + 1050 – 550
100 = 10 + (n-1) 10
= 3050
n = 10

10
10+20+30……+100 = [2(10) + (10-1)(10)]
2

= 5(20+90)

= 550
Ans. C.
If matrix A, first row (-3, 4 ) , second row ( 2 , - 1 ) , then its characteristic roots are:
A. ( 1, -5)* C. (-1 , 5 )
B. ( 1, 5) D. (-1, -5 )
SOLUTION:
 An engine is expected to have a maintenance cost of P1000 the first year. It is believed that the
maintenance cost will increase P 500 per year. The interest rate is 6% compounded annually. Over a
10-year period, what will be the approximate effective annual maintenance cost?
A. P 3011.00* C. P 2450.00
B. P 3452.00 D. P 1345.00
SOLUTION:

THE CASH FLOW FOR EACH YEAR;

- Year 1: P1=1000
- Year 2: P2=1000+500=1500
- Year 3: P3=1500+500=2000
- Year 4: P4=2000+500=2500
- Year 5: P5=2500+500=3000
- Year 6: P6=3000+500=3500
- Year 7: P7=3500+500=4000
- Year 8: P8=4000+500=4500
- Year 9: P9=4500+500=5000
- Year 10: P10=5000+500=5500

USING THE FORMULA OF PRESENT VALUE;

PV =C/(1 + r)^n

Where C is the cash flow for the year, r = 0.06 / (6%), and n is the year

TOTAL OF THE PRESENT VALUE; PVTOTAL = 24487.59

EFFECTIVE ANNUAL COST;
Where A is the annual cost, r = 0.06, and n = 10
 There are 10 defectives per 1,000 items of a product in the long run. What is the probability that
there is one and only one defective in random lot of 100?
A. 0.01 C.0.5
B. 0.99(raised to 100) D.0.3697 *
SOLUTION:

GIVEN:

N= 100

P= 0.01

K= 1

BINOMIAL PROBABILITY FORMULA:

A company has N machines of equal capacity that produce a total of 180 pieces each work day.
If 2 machines break down, the workload of the remaining is increased by 3 pieces each per day to
maintain production. What is the value of N?
A. 8 C. 10
B. 12 * D. 15
SOLUTION:

GIVEN:

N×X

(𝑁 − 2 ) 𝑥 (𝑋 + 3) = 180
From equation 1, express x in terms of N:
 A substance goes into solution at the rate of 25% of the undissolved portion each minute. If the initial amount was
64/27 lb, what amount is undissolved after 6 minutes?

A. 2/27 C. 27/64*
B. 16/27 D. ¾
SOLUTION:

- Initial amount: 6427 lb

- Rate of dissolution: 25% per minute

The formula for the amount undissolved after n minutes:

So, the amount undissolved after 6 minutes is 27/64 lb.

 On a certain day the sun is observed to subtend an angle 0 32’10”. If the diameter of the sun is
866,500 miles, how far away from it?
A. 9.26 x 10(raised to 6) miles*
B. 4.63 x 10(raised to 8) miles
C. 9.26 x 10 (raised to 5) miles
D. 4.68 x 10 (raised to 6) miles
SOLUTION:

To find the distance to the sun, we can use the formula for the angular diameter:
 All of the following processes can be found on a psychrometric chart except
A. heating and humidifying. C. cooling and dehumidification.
B. black body radiation. D. evaporative cooling. *
SOLUTION:

- Evaporative cooling: This process involves cooling the air by evaporating water, which is represented on the chart.

The number of ways which 5 boys and 5 girls can be seated so that no two girls sit next to each other.

A. 5! (squared) C. 6!x5! *
B. 10!/5! D. 10!/(5!)(squared)
SOLUTION:

The total number of ways to arrange the boys and girls is

The Carnot refrigeration cycle includes all of the following processes except
A. isentropic expansion. C. isothermal heating.
B. isenthalpic expansion. * D. isentropic compression.
SOLUTION:

- Isenthalpic expansion: This process involves expansion at constant enthalpy and is typically
associated with throttling processes, not the Carnot cycle.

Three posts are set in level ground in such a manner that their bases form an equilateral
triangle with sides 20 ft long. If the heights of the posts are 12, 18, and 30 ft, find the area of the
triangle formed by their tops?
A. 342 sq ft C. 235 sq. ft *
B. 153 sq. ft D. 205 sq. ft.
SOLUTION:

Use the formula for the area of a triangle in 3D space:

 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES
San Miguel, Nabua, Camarines Sur

ISO 9001:2015 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES
San Miguel, Nabua, Camarines Sur

ISO 9001:2015 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 Republic of the Philippines
CAMARINES SUR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES
San Miguel, Nabua, Camarines Sur

ISO 9001:2015 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

LIST OF STUDENTS CONTRIBUTED
(BE CREATIVE, WITH PICTURE OR COLLAGE TYPE, NAMES OR
SIGNATURE, SHORT MESSAGE TO INSTRUCTOR)