First Quarterly Examination in

Philippine Politics and Governance – Grade 11

General Directions: Read each question carefully. Shade the letter of the best
answer in your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following best describes the concept of "Politics" as defined by Hague
& Harrop (2013)?
A) the study of laws and regulations
B) the practice of political campaigning
C) the structure of government institutions
D) the activity or process by which groups reach and enforce binding decisions

2. Which of the following best describes the concept of "Governance"?

A) The organization and coordination of political parties to achieve electoral
success.
B) The process of creating and implementing laws and regulations to manage
public affairs.
C) The development and execution of military strategies to protect national
security and interests.
D) The exercise of power or authority by political leaders for the well-being of their
country's citizens or subjects.

3. Which term refers to the largest social order where politics originated?
A) Community C) State
B) Government D) Organization

4. What key idea of liberalism involves the belief in the importance of human reason
and critical inquiry?
A) Toleration B) Equality C) Reason D) Consent

5. Which of the following best describes the conservative emphasis on tradition?

A) rejecting all forms of authority
B) prioritizing individual freedom
C) embracing rapid societal change
D) preserving established customs and institutions

6. What is the central value of socialism?

A) Competition C) Equality of outcome
B) Individualism D) Equality of opportunity

7. What is the primary aim of anarchism?

A) to promote capitalism
B) to establish a strong central government
C) to maintain traditional social structures
D) to abolish all forms of authority and hierarchy

8. Which type of power is derived from one's formal position in an organization's

hierarchy?
A) Legitimate Power C) Expert Power
B) Coercive Power D) Referent Power

9. What is the most transient form of power, which diminishes once the information is
shared?
A) Reward Power C) Information Power
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 B) Coercive Power D) Legitimate Power

10. Which of the following best defines a state?

A) a group of people with a common language and culture
B) an economic system that regulates trade between nations
C) a cultural identity shared by people across multiple regions
D) a political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized
government

11. Which of the following is not a recognized element of a state?

A) People B) Territory C) Nation D) Sovereignty

12. What refers to the supreme and absolute power within a state's territorial
boundaries?
A) Government B) Bureaucracy C) Sovereignty D) Population

13. What was the earliest form of government in the pre-colonial Philippines?
A) Pueblo B) Barangay C) Alcaldia D) Rajahnate

14. Who led the Spanish colonial government in the Philippines?

A) Datu C) Gobernadorcillo
B) Kapitan D) Governor-General

15. Which law established the Philippine Commonwealth?

A) Jones Law C) Philippine Organic Act
B) Bell Trade D) Act Tydings-McDuffie Act

16. How does the concept of 'politics as public affairs' distinguish itself from activities
in the private sphere?
A) It is related to business management activities.
B) It involves activities funded by private individuals.
C) It focuses on activities occurring in the private sphere.
D) It is concerned with activities occurring in the public sphere.

17. How do actors in governance typically influence the decision-making process?

A) by solely managing the financial aspects of governance
B) by creating and enforcing all rules and laws themselves
C) by independently making decisions without input from others
D) by guiding and influencing decisions through their roles in organizations or
groups
18. Why does liberalism emphasize individual liberty, justice, and equality in social
order?
A) Because it believes in strict, centralized control and hierarchy.
B) Because it focuses on preserving the existing social conditions.
C) Because it prioritizes the maintenance of traditional social structures.
D) Because it values the rights and freedoms of individuals above all else.

19. Why are reactionaries considered conservatives who oppose modernism and seek
a return to past ways?
A) Because they advocate for progressive social change.
B) Because they support modern liberal ideas and policies.
C) Because they want to restore traditional values and systems.
D) Because they promote a socialist agenda focused on equality.

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20. How do socialists view private property, and why do they hold this perspective?
A) It is essential for economic growth because it drives innovation and investment.
B) It is necessary for social stability because it supports the existing economic and
social structures.
C) It promotes community well-being because it ensures resources are shared
equally among everyone.
D) It encourages selfishness and acquisitiveness because it allows individuals to
accumulate wealth and resources for personal gain.

21. What achievements are associated with feminism in the 20th century, and why
are they significant?
A) increased military service for women, which represents greater opportunities in
defense sectors
B) limited access to education for women, which indicates a restriction on
women’s opportunities and rights
C) gender-neutral language and reproductive rights, which reflect advancements
in gender equality and women’s autonomy
D) greater control over private property for men, which underscores the
continuation of traditional gender roles

22. Which of the following best describes the nature of power in the social sciences
compared to the natural sciences?
A) Power in the social sciences is derived purely from formal authority.
B) Power in the social sciences is independent of human interaction.
C) Power in the social sciences is easily quantifiable like in the natural sciences.
D) Power in the social sciences is more complex and continuously shaped by
societal dynamics.

23. How does reward power differ from referent power?

A) Reward power comes from knowledge, while referent power comes from fear.
B) Reward power is based on coercion, while referent power is based on rational
persuasion.
C) Reward power is based on formal authority, while referent power is based on
personal relationships.
D) Reward power is based on offering incentives, while referent power is based on
admiration and respect.

24. How is a nation different from a state?

A) A nation is a temporary construct, while a state is permanent.
B) A state is an imagined community, while a nation is a real entity.
C) A nation is bound by political obligations, while a state is bound by cultural
commonalities.
D) A state is a political unit with a defined territory, while a nation is a group of
people with shared cultural identity.

25. What does "bureaucracies staffed by state’s own personnel" imply about a state's
operations?
A) The state uses informal networks to enforce laws.
B) The state has a decentralized form of governance.
C) The state relies on external forces to govern its territory.
D) The state has a formalized system of administration and governance.

26. Which feature best describes political globalization?

A) the rise of global cultural brands
B) increasing economic interdependence
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 C) declining relevance of geographical distance
D) influence of international organizations on domestic issues

27. Which of the following statements best describes the role of the datu in the pre-
colonial barangay system?
A) The datu was a ceremonial leader with no real power.
B) The datu was the political and military leader of the barangay.
D) The datu served as a representative to the Spanish government.
C) The datu was appointed by the Spanish Crown to oversee the barangay.

28. Why did the Katipunan form during the Revolutionary Period?
A) To establish trade relations with Spain
B) To seek independence from Spanish rule
C) To support the Spanish colonial government
D) To promote the Spanish language in the Philippines

29. What was the significance of the 1943 Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic?
A) It was a puppet government controlled by Japan.
B) It established a democratic system in the Philippines.
C) It was the first independent government in the Philippines.
D) It marked the end of American influence in the Philippines.

30. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the principle of "Responsiveness"
in governance?
A) A public institution prioritizes the needs of a select group of stakeholders,
ensuring their requests are addressed swiftly, while others experience significant
delays.
B) A government department implements a streamlined system that ensures all
stakeholder inquiries and requests are addressed promptly and efficiently,
regardless of their status or influence.
C) A government agency takes several months to process applications, leading to
delays in services, but justifies it as part of thorough procedures.
D) A governing body focuses on addressing the concerns of the most vocal
stakeholders, even if it means other groups must wait longer for responses.

31. Which of the following political ideologies would most likely support government
intervention to ensure equal access to education and healthcare?
A) Liberalism C) Fascism
B) Conservatism D) Anarchism

32. Rizal’s writings focused on which of the following liberal principles?

A) The superiority of the master race
B) The necessity of a strong authoritarian state
C) Individual freedom and equality before the law
D) The importance of preserving traditional social institutions

33. If a manager convinces their team to follow a new procedure by logically

explaining its benefits, which type of power are they using?
A) Rational Persuasion C) Reward Power
B) Coercive Power D) Expert Power

34. If a newly formed political community seeks international recognition, what is it

attempting to gain?
A) Sovereignty within its borders
B) Control over its cultural identity
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 C) Legitimate use of force within its territory
D) The capacity to enter diplomatic relations and treaties

35. When a government enforces laws within its borders and collects taxes, what
state function is it exercising?
A) Economic globalization C) Sovereignty
B) Legitimation D) Cultural cohesion

36. If you were a Filipino during the Spanish period, who would be the leader of your
town?
A) Datu B) Gobernadorcillo C) Corregidor D) Rajah

37. Imagine you were a member of the Maharlika class during the pre-colonial period.
What would your role in society likely be?
A) a slave working for the datu
B) a freeman with some privileges
C) a noble with influence and authority
D) a trader traveling between barangays

38. Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the principle of the
"Rule of Law" as it pertains to the actions of the government?
A) The government has the authority to create and enforce laws without any
limitations, as long as it serves the common good.
B) The government should primarily rely on majority opinion and public sentiment
to guide its actions, even if it conflicts with established legal principles.
C) The government can override existing laws when it deems necessary to protect
national security or other critical interests, even if it means acting outside the
prescribed legal framework.
D) The government is bound by established laws and must operate within those
legal boundaries, ensuring accountability and equal treatment under the law for
all individuals, including those in power.

39. How do classical liberalism and social liberalism differ in their focus?
A) Both emphasize the same principles without any distinction.
B) Classical liberalism emphasizes equality, while social liberalism emphasizes
tradition.
C) Classical liberalism focuses on liberty, whereas social liberalism stresses
equality.
D) Classical liberalism advocates for a strong central government, while social
liberalism opposes it.

40. What role did Rizal’s liberal ideas play in his fate and legacy in the Philippines?
A) His ideas were widely ignored, leading to his eventual obscurity.
B) His advocacy for tradition and conservatism led to peaceful reforms.
C) His writings solely focused on economic issues, leading to minor social
changes.
D) His liberal ideas led to his execution, but also secured his place as a national
hero.

41. Why might Marxism and anarchism be considered fundamentally opposed to

fascism?
A) Both ideologies support racial purity, which aligns them with fascist ideals.
B) Both Marxism and anarchism promote authoritarian leadership similar to
fascism.
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 C) Marxism and anarchism believe in the importance of a strong national
government, similar to fascism.
D) Marxism and anarchism are left-wing ideologies that reject authoritarianism
and the hierarchy that fascism promotes.

42. Which dimension of power is being utilized when government officials manipulate
public perception before a policy announcement?
A) Decision-Making C) Thought Control
B) Agenda Setting D) Coercion and Enforcement

43. Which of the following statements accurately differentiates between

organizational power and individual (personal) power?
A) Organizational power includes coercive and reward power, whereas individual
power encompasses expert and referent power.
B) Organizational power is derived solely from formal authority, while individual
power is based on personal traits and relationships.
C) Organizational power is static and unchanging, while individual power can
fluctuate based on social dynamics and personal interactions.
D) Organizational power is primarily concerned with influencing external
stakeholders, while individual power focuses only on internal group dynamics.

44. Which scenario illustrates the difference between a state and a nation?
A) a state controlling its military forces
B) a state signing treaties with other states
C) the government of a state making laws for its people
D) a group of people sharing a common language and history across multiple
states

45. Why might globalization be seen as a threat to the nation-state?

A) It allows for greater international cooperation.
B) It strengthens national identity and sovereignty.
C) It decreases the relevance of cultural differences between nations.
D) It diminishes the state's control over its economic and cultural affairs.

46. How does the concept of "imagined communities" relate to nations?

A) It emphasizes the real, physical borders of a nation.
B) It asserts that nations have existed since ancient times without change.
C) It suggests that nations are formed based on tangible, shared experiences.
D) It proposes that nations are socially constructed through shared culture and
identity.

47. Which of the following best exemplifies cultural globalization?

A) the rise of multinational corporations
B) the integration of global financial markets
C) the influence of international organizations like the UN
D) the spread of global brands and cultural homogenization

48. How did the centralization of government during the Spanish period differ from
the political structure of the pre-colonial barangay system?
A) Both the Spanish and pre-colonial systems were equally decentralized.
B) The barangay system was more centralized than the Spanish colonial
government.
C) The Spanish colonial government was highly centralized, unlike the independent
barangays.

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 D) The barangay system had multiple leaders, while the Spanish government had a
single leader.

49. What can be inferred about the influence of American governance on the
Philippine political system during the Commonwealth period?
A) The American influence led to the creation of a parliamentary system.
B) The American influence had no lasting impact on Philippine governance.
C) The Americans imposed a purely military government without civil participation.
D) American governance introduced democratic institutions that shaped the
Philippine government.

50. What was the effect of the Jones Law of 1916 on the Philippine government?
A) It abolished the Philippine Commission.
B) It established the Philippine Commonwealth.
C) It provided for a fully elected Filipino legislature.
D) It created a bicameral legislature in the Philippines.

51. Consider a government agency that is responsible for public health services. In
this agency:
 Political accountability: Elected officials oversee the agency's policies and are
answerable to the public for their decisions.
 Hierarchical accountability: Senior officials within the agency are responsible for
supervising lower-level staff, ensuring they adhere to policies and regulations.
 Managerial accountability: Department managers are tasked with meeting
specific performance targets and ensuring efficient service delivery.

Given this scenario, which of the following best evaluates the effectiveness of the
agency's accountability structure?
A) The agency excels in meeting managerial targets, but political leaders avoid
taking responsibility for policy outcomes, and hierarchical oversight is weak.
B) The agency performs well in meeting its service targets, but political leaders
rarely face public scrutiny, and supervisors seldom hold their subordinates
accountable.
C) The agency's senior officials closely monitor staff performance and enforce
rules, but elected officials are disconnected from public concerns, and managers
frequently miss performance targets.
D) The agency effectively balances political accountability by responding to public
concerns, ensures hierarchical accountability through active supervision, and
meets its managerial targets consistently.

52. Evaluate the impact of Rizal's liberal ideas on the Philippine revolution. Which
statement is most accurate?
A) Rizal’s liberal ideas delayed the revolution by promoting peaceful reforms.
B) Rizal’s liberal ideas directly led to the overthrow of the Spanish government in
the Philippines.
C) Rizal’s liberal ideas inspired both peaceful reform and the subsequent armed
struggle for independence.
D) Rizal’s liberal ideas were irrelevant to the revolution as they did not address the
immediate needs of the people.

53. Which source of power is more likely to be sustainable in the long term within an
organization: expert power or coercive power? Why?
A) Coercive power, because it establishes a clear hierarchy of authority.
B) Coercive power, because it ensures compliance through fear of punishment.

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 C) Expert power, because it fosters respect and long-term loyalty among
employees.
D) Expert power, because it is based on specialized knowledge that is valued over
time.

54. Which factor would likely contribute to the stability of a nation-state in the face of
globalization?
A) dependence on international economic systems
B) reduced influence of governmental institutions
C) strong cultural unity and identity within its borders
D) fragmentation of national identity across multiple ethnic groups

55. Is it possible for a state to exist without a nation, and why?

A) No, because cultural unity is essential for statehood.
B) No, because a state and a nation are the same entities.
C) Yes, but only temporarily, as a nation will eventually form.
D) Yes, because a state only requires territory, government, sovereignty, and
population.

56. Which period of Philippine history had the most significant impact on the country's
current democratic system?
A) Pre-colonial period C) Post-EDSA or Fifth Republic
B) Spanish period D) American Commonwealth period

57. Evaluate the effectiveness of the Propaganda Movement in achieving its goals
during the Revolutionary period.
A) The movement had no impact on the revolution.
B) The movement was completely successful in bringing reforms.
C) The movement established a strong political party in the Philippines.
D) The movement failed to achieve significant reforms, leading to the rise of the
Katipunan.

58. Considering the ideologies of liberalism, conservatism, and anarchism, synthesize

a perspective on how these ideologies might interact in a society facing rapid
technological change.
A) Liberalism would align with conservatism to maintain existing structures, while
anarchism would oppose any form of technological progress.
B) Liberalism would oppose technological change, conservatism would fully
embrace it, and anarchism would advocate for state control of technology.
C) Liberalism, conservatism, and anarchism would all support a regulated
approach to technological change, with different degrees of state involvement.
D) Liberalism would advocate for individual adaptation, conservatism would resist
changes to traditional values, and anarchism would push for the abolition of
existing institutions to create a new order.

59. How might a nation-state adapt to the challenges posed by globalization while
maintaining its sovereignty?
A) by reducing the role of government in economic affairs
B) by adopting the cultural practices of more dominant nations
C) by isolating itself from international organizations and markets
D) by promoting a strong national identity and participating in global governance

60. If you were to design a government system for the Philippines after the Japanese
occupation, which aspects from previous periods would you combine to create a
stable government?
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 A) The independent barangay system with the military government of the
Japanese period.
B) The federal system of the Americans with local governance from the barangay
system.
C) The revolutionary government of Aguinaldo with the parliamentary system
under Martial Law.
D) The centralized power of the Spanish period with the democratic principles
introduced by the Americans.

==============================END OF
EXAMINATION=======================

1. D 31. A
1st 2. D 32. C QUARTER
3. C 33. A
4. C 34. D
5. D 35. C
6. C 36. B
7. D 37. C
8. A 38. D
9. C 39. C
10. D 40. D
11. C 41. D
12. C 42. C
13. B 43. A
14. D 44. D
15. D 45. D
16. D 46. D
17. D 47. D
18. D 48. C
19. D 49. D
20. D 50. C
21. C 51. D
22. D 52. C
23. C 53. D
24. D 54. D
25. D 55. D
26. D 56. C
27. B 57. D
28. B 58. D
29. A 59. D
30. B 60. D

EXAMINATION KEY TO CORRECTION in

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE

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