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 Published: May 14, 2024  Guest Post

CDE in practice – what tools to use and when

Construction projects typically involve a wide range of stakeholders who
communicate throughout several phases of the project lifecycle. Unavoidably,
this process generates a massive amount of data and therefore effective
management of information is crucial for every construction company. A CDE
aims to provide all relevant data in a single source of truth, facilitating seamless
information sharing, and fostering continuous collaboration between all parties
involved. This article will present the tools that can be used as a CDE in all
phases of a built asset’s lifecycle.

This post was written by BIM Corner’s Guest Author, Klaudia Jaskula
(https://www.linkedin.com/in/klaudia-jaskula-esr/).

Table of contents
CDE definition

CDE classification

Design and construction CDE tools

Handover and O&M tools

Challenges of using CDEs in practice

Conclusions

CDE definition  (https://bimcorne

According to ISO 19650, entire information exchange in construction projects should be

facilitated by a Common Data Environment (CDE) for sharing and coordinating
information to enable a consistent information exchange for all organisations involved in
a project. CDE is defined in the standard as “an agreed source of information for any
given project or asset for collecting, managing, and disseminating each information
container through a managed process” [1]. A CDE could mean both a “CDE solution” or a
“CDE workflow” [2]. The “CDE solution” is a server-based or cloud-based repository that
supports the CDE process by providing database administration, problem tracking, and
similar features. A CDE Workflow organises the flow and management of information
over an asset’s entire life cycle through the use of four Information Container States:
work in progress (WIP), shared, published, or archived. You can read more about CDE
workflow here (https://bimcorner.com/cde-within-iso-19650-a-process-or-a-solution/)and
about CDE requirements and functions here (https://bimcorner.com/cde-solution-
according-to-iso-19650/).

CDE classification
Currently, there are multiple tools and solutions available on the market that can be
used as a CDE, starting with simple cloud-based repositories such as Google Drive or
Dropbox and ending with complex CDE solutions from software providers like Autodesk
and Oracle. In my previous work [3], I conducted a series of interviews and surveys to find
out what are the most popular solutions and what are their strengths and weaknesses. I
also proposed a comprehensive framework to evaluate the development level of CDE
platforms, as shown below.

(https://bimcorner.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Framework-for-CDE-maturity-
assessment.jpg)
Framework for CDE maturity assessment, by Klaudia Jaskula, published in [3]

In the framework, features related to document coordination, and communication, have

been combined into a single axis related to document management. BIM integration is a
distinct aspect of CDEs that is separate from document management functionalities and
is therefore identified as the second axis. Security is essential in digital collaboration and
has been included in the framework as the third axis of CDE development. The final axis
pertains to the lifecycle functionalities that allow the use of CDE in various lifecycle
phases of a built asset. The information lifecycle in construction projects can be
separated into two stages: information delivery and information operation. The former
covers data from the project’s initiation through its design and construction phases,
resulting in the creation of PIMs (project information models). The latter encompasses
data from the operation and maintenance (O&M) phase of the built asset, leading to the
production of AIMs (asset information models) [1]. Ideally, a CDE solution should allow
tracking of the information along the whole lifecycle of a built asset, however it is rarely
a case in practice.  (https://bimcorne

Design and construction CDE tools

In construction project management, the selection of appropriate digital platforms plays
a pivotal role in streamlining operations and enhancing collaboration. Below, I will
present a comparison of the most popular CDE solutions. Please note, that the list is not
comprehensive and that the information about each solution was gathered through a
series of interviews and surveys which were a part of my PhD research and show a status
as of mid-2023.

BIM 360
Among the various tools available, BIM 360 from Autodesk stands out as a widely
adopted solution. Offering direct synchronization with popular BIM software like Revit
and Navisworks, BIM 360 facilitates real-time collaboration within shared BIM models.
However, despite its advantages, some practitioners have reported limitations with BIM
360. For instance, while it excels in certain areas like RFI management, it lacks suitability
codes, necessitating manual input and potentially leading to inefficiencies.
Consequently, alternatives like Aconex or Viewpoint, have been used to complement
these inefficiencies.

Aconex
Aconex developed by Oracle offers advanced version control, data immutability, and a
unique data ownership model. Its classification of suitability status and revision control
streamline information tracking, although concerns about interoperability have been
raised.

Viewpoint4Projects
Viewpoint4Projects, a tool from Trimble, also commands a significant presence in the
CDE landscape. Although perceived as basic and somewhat outdated, it excels in
document management, particularly for revision and sign-offs, making it a preferred
choice for document controllers, project managers, and design managers.

ProjectWise
ProjectWise from Bentley presents advanced document management functionalities
integrated with Microsoft 365 products. While user reviews highlight its robust features,
the learning curve and potential slow data transfer are its main drawbacks.

Other
Less-utilized platforms such as Deltek and Procore offer similar document management
and BIM functionalities but may suffer from compatibility issues and instability,
respectively.
Despite the availability of specialized CDE tools, many stakeholders lean towards simpler
solutions aligned with existing workflows. Widely used cloud-based file repositories like
Dropbox, Google Drive, and Microsoft SharePoint offer convenient data-sharing
capabilities, albeit with compromises in security and interoperability.
In conclusion, while dedicated CDE platforms offer specialized functionalities tailored to
construction project needs, the adoption of simpler solutions underscores the
importance of integration with existing practices and ease of use for stakeholders across
the industry.
  (https://bimcorne

(https://bimcorner.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Comparison-of-CDE-platforms-
assessing-their-level-of-maturity.jpg)
Comparison of CDE platforms assessing their level of maturity, by Klaudia Jaskula,
published in [3]

Handover and O&M tools

In transitioning from the design and construction phases to the operation and
maintenance (O&M) phase of a built asset, the landscape of information management
undergoes notable shifts. While systems like CDEs are instrumental in earlier phases, the
tools utilized for O&M phase management, such as Computer-Aided Facility
Management (CAFM) and Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS),
offer distinct requirements and functionalities.

Unlike their counterparts in design and construction, CAFM and CMMS systems are
tailored to address the specific needs of asset management in the O&M phase. Insights
from industry practitioners underscore the multiplicity of information sources utilized
concurrently in this phase. For example, tools such as Cylon and Concept Evolution can
be used for Building Management System (BMS) and CAFM functionalities. Additionally,
Autodesk’s BIM 360 Ops was mentioned, albeit with reservations regarding its efficacy
compared to established CAFM tools.
Facilitating the seamless transition of information between design/construction and FM
(https://bimcorne
 and Autodesk
systems requires specialized tools. Platforms like Springboard, gliderBIM,
BIM 360 Glue serve this purpose, offering capabilities for gathering and managing
handover data.

Springboard, provided by eDocuments, streamlines data gathering for handover,

offering automation features and compatibility with various data formats. However, its
integration with CDEs like Aconex remains limited.

GliderBIM, a newcomer in the market, boasts comprehensive information management

capabilities across the asset lifecycle. Its integration capabilities with CAFM, EDMS, and
BMS systems via API offer promise, although practical user feedback remains scarce.

Autodesk’s BIM 360 Glue facilitates a direct link between design/construction and O&M
phases, streamlining handover processes. Despite its efficiency, challenges persist, with
some clients lacking proper CAFM systems, and resorting to manual data gathering for
example via SharePoint repositories.

In essence, while CDEs serve as foundational tools in earlier phases, the transition to
the O&M phase necessitates the adoption of specialized systems tailored to the unique
requirements of asset management. As the industry continues to evolve, the integration
and interoperability of these tools will be critical in ensuring seamless information
exchange across the asset lifecycle.

Challenges of using CDEs in practice

While recent CDE platforms provide very advanced functionalities, they still fall short of
serving as a single source of truth for the entire lifecycle of a built asset [4].
Stakeholders have reported that no single platform can encompass the full range of
functionalities required across different lifecycle phases. Moreover, within each phase,
stakeholders often utilize multiple tools simultaneously to cater to their diverse needs
and preferences.

One of the primary challenges faced is the lack of interoperability between these tools,
compounded by the fact that they are provided by different vendors. This fragmentation
makes the transfer of data between tools cumbersome, particularly during critical
phases like handover between construction CDEs and facility management platforms.

(https://bimcorner.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Examples-of-different-CDE-tools-
used-across-the-lifecycle-phases.jpg)
Examples of different CDE tools used across the lifecycle phases of a built asset, by
Klaudia Jaskula
While some opt for basic cloud storage solutions like Dropbox or SharePoint, these fall
short of being complete CDE solutions. Research has shown that  (https://bimcorne
they lack essential
functionalities and security measures required for BIM-based collaboration [5]. However,
their simplicity and cost-effectiveness make them popular among small and medium-
sized enterprises (SMEs) managing less complex projects.

Even more sophisticated systems like BIM 360 or Aconex, while partially fulfilling Level 3
CDE criteria, do not consistently excel across all four areas. While they offer robust
document management functionalities and integration with BIM models, they may not
support BIM editing within the software itself. Similarly, collaborative BIM systems like
Autodesk BIM 360 may not meet BIM security standards due to reliance on cloud service
providers.

Achieving a full Level 3 CDE across all lifecycle phases remains elusive in the current
market landscape. While many tools claim compliance with ISO 19650 standards, none
function as a singular source of truth throughout the entire building lifecycle.
Developing such a comprehensive tool is deemed impractical, prompting software
vendors to focus on developing suites of tools tailored to specific lifecycle phases.
However, this approach necessitates stakeholders to invest in multiple products from
the same suite, posing challenges in practical implementation.

In essence, while advancements have been made in CDE development, the fragmented
nature of the industry and diverse stakeholder requirements continue to pose
challenges in achieving seamless information management across the building lifecycle.
These challenges were recognised by emerging software providers such as BIMlauncher
and Newforma which provide data integration between multiple CDE solutions.

Conclusions
In conclusion, effective information management is paramount for the success of
construction projects, given their complexity and the volume of data generated over
their lifetime. Common Data Environment (CDE) solutions serve as the foundation for
this management in BIM-based project delivery. This article analyses the tools currently
used as CDEs and their practical implementation, shedding light on their shortcomings
and advantages.

CDE maturity can be classified into three levels, considering aspects like document
management, BIM integration, security, and lifecycle functionality. While basic cloud
repositories like Dropbox are categorized as Level 1 CDEs, more advanced tools such as
Viewpoint, Asite, Procore, Deltek, or ProjectWise fall into Level 2, offering enhanced BIM
integration alongside document management functionalities. Meanwhile, platforms like
BIM 360 from Autodesk or BIMcollab provide Level 3 BIM integration, particularly favored
for real-time BIM collaboration in multi-disciplinary settings. However, they may not
excel in document management functionalities, like for example Aconex or Viewpoint
do. This leads to the use of multiple tools in construction projects to meet diverse user
requirements.

This post was written by BIM Corner’s Guest Author, Klaudia Jaskula
(https://www.linkedin.com/in/klaudia-jaskula-esr/).

Bibliography
1. BSI (2021) Organisation and digitization of information about buildings and civil
engineering works, including building information modeling (BIM). Information
management using building information modeling. Part 1: Concepts and principles.
British Standards Institution
 2. BIM Dictionary (2020) Common Data Environment (CDE).
https://bimdictionary.com/en/common-data-environment/2. Accessed 12 Dec 2022
 (https://bimcorne
3. Jaskula K, Papadonikolaki E, Rovas D (2023) Comparison of current common data
environment tools in the construction industry. Proc Eur Conf Comput Constr.
https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2023.315

4. Jaskula K, Kifokeris D, Papadonikolaki E, Rovas D (2024) Common data environments

in construction: state-of-the-art and challenges for practical implementation. CI.
https://doi.org/10.1108/CI-04-2023-0088

5. Das M, Tao X, Cheng JCP (2021) BIM security: A critical review and recommendations
using encryption strategy and blockchain. Autom Constr.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103682

Klaudia  (https://www.linkedin.com/in/klaudia-
Jaskula jaskula-esr/)
Author of
the article
Klaudia Jaskula is a PhD candidate at the Bartlett School of Sustainable
Construction at UCL and an Early Stage Researcher in the H2020 Innovative
Training Networks (ITN) project “Cloud-based Building Information Modelling
(CBIM)”. Her PhD research is about blockchain-enabled CBIM for lifecycle data
provenance. Her study investigates how blockchain could enhance information
management workflows based on Common Data Environments during the
whole lifecycle of a built asset. Previously Klaudia completed a Bachelor of
Science in Architecture at Warsaw University of Technology and a Master in
Architecture at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). Her Master's Thesis at
TUM focused on BIM implementation in the early design stages.

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