June 30,2024

This training report was made possible with support from Fazlur Md.Kader PhD,
Chairman of the Department of EEE,University of Chittagong. The contents of this report
are the sole responsibility of the Department of EEE and do not necessarily reflect the
views of Carnival Internet Family.
 Table of Contents
1.Background
2.Training objective
3.Partcipant’s Profile
4.Resource Person Profile
5.Venue and Date
6.Proceedings
Session 1:Introduction ta ISP
Session 2: Overview on Communication system in ISP
Session 3:ISP data center Observe
7.Lesson Learnt and best practices

Annexes
Annexes 1:Particpant’s List
Annexes 2:Schedule
Annexes 3:Photos
 1.Background:
The one day training was titled “ISP Company visiting” on June 30,2024. A total of 16
participants from the Department of EEE(5th Semester)[See Annex i for list of organizations]
participated in this training.
The Internet Service Provider (ISP) industry forms a critical backbone of modern
telecommunications, facilitating global connectivity and digital communication across residential,
commercial, and industrial sectors.In recent years, the landscape of ISP services has evolved
significantly.
The training methodology was interactive as the trainers ensured that knowledge was not only
disseminated but accurately perceived and understood by the participants. And in order to ensure
this, trainers engaged participants in discussions and kept the forum open for feedback, queries
and suggestions. These discussions and interactive sessions were supported through training
material such as pre and post-test, powerpoint presentations and handouts on participatory
planning.

2. TRAINING OBJECTIVES:
The primary objectives of training programs within ISP companies include:

1. Skill Development: Enhancing technical competencies in network maintenance,

troubleshooting, and customer support.
2. Adaptability: Preparing employees to adapt to new technologies and industry trends.
3. Customer Satisfaction: Improving customer service skills to ensure timely resolution of
issues and build customer loyalty.
4. Efficiency: Streamlining operations through optimized workflows and effective use of
resources.
5. Safety and Security: Educating employees on cybersecurity measures and safe
working practices to mitigate risks.

3. PARTICIPANTS’ PROFILE
The training participants included Department Of EEE Students. Total number of participants
was 16 (males: 14; females: 2) (see Annex 1 for list of participants).
 4. RESOURCE PERSONS’ PROFILE:
The team which delivered sessions during the training comprised 2 internal experts from
Carnival Internet. Given below is a brief description of the trainers along with their sessions
conducted by them (See Annex iii for detailed agenda).

Instructo Name Designation Session Title

r No

1 Shaidul Islam Core Network ● Introduction to ISP

Engineer ● ISP data center
-(SSD-TECH) Observe

2 Syed Mozaharul AGM,Transmission Overview on Communication

Islam & System in ISP
Operations-Carnival
Internet

5. VENUE AND DATE:

The training was organized at Carnival Internet,Makkah-Madina Tower,Agrabad,Chittagong on
June 30,2024.

6. PROCEEDINGS :
Session 1:Introduction to ISP:
Broadband Internet:
❖ Fiber Optic cable
❖ UTP cable
❖ CAT5,CAT6
LISP:Local Internet Service Provider
Submarine Cable:(Bangladesh)
● SEA-ME-WE 4
● SEA_ME-WE 5
Capacity:52K Gbps
➢ 26K (Submarine cable)
➢ 26K(Path ITC)
ITC-International Terrestrial cable
BTCL-Bangladesh Telecommunication Company Limited
BTRC-Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commision
LISP-Area Based Business
ISP→permission→national→all area business
Router:
● TP Link
● Tenda
APNIC-Asia Pacific Network Information Centre
IP 2type:
1.Private IP
2.Public IP(without World Accessible no communication with world)
IP Provide⇛ APNIC
Every Site have own IP address.IP different identify.Example:
facebook.com
youtube.com
tiktok.com

MAC address:
Private IP⇒Provide by APNIC
Public IP⇒NO Buy
IP classification:
Class-A: 1-126
Class-B: 128-191
Class-C: 192-223
Class-D: 224-239
Class-E: 240-255
 Figure:ISP communication System

1. *POP (Point of Presence)*: This is the central access point that connects the ISP to the
internet.
2. *MC (Media Converter)*: Converts signals from one media type to another (e.g., fiber to
copper).
3. *FPP (Fiber Patch Panel)*: Manages and connects fiber optic cables.
4. *SW (Switch)*: Connects devices within the network.
5. *Access Router*: Directs data traffic between the internet and the local network.
6. *ONU (Optical Network Unit)*: Connects the end user's network to the ISP's network.
7. *TJ Box (Terminal Junction Box)*: Provides connection points for multiple cables.
8. *UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair)*: Commonly used cables in networking.
9. *FPC (Fiber Patch Cord)*: Short fiber cables that connect devices.
10. *Splitter*: Divides a fiber optic signal into multiple paths.
 Session 2:Overview on Communication system in ISP

Figure:Overall Network Communication

1. *BTCL*: The national telecommunications provider connecting to the global internet.

2. *APNIC*: Allocates IP address blocks to ISPs in the Asia-Pacific region.
3. *Internet*: The global network of interconnected systems.
4. *ISP (Internet Service Provider)*: Provides internet services to end-users, such as home
or office networks.
5. *IIG (International Internet Gateway)*: Provides international bandwidth and manages
data traffic between the country and the global internet.
6. *PIP (Public IP Address)*: Unique address assigned to a network or device that is visible
on the internet.
7. *NAT (Network Address Translation)*: Technique used to map private IP addresses to a
public IP address.
8. *Office/Home Network*: Local network where devices connect using private IP addresses.
Session 3:ISP Data Center :
Overview of ISP Network Equipment and Infrastructure:
 Here's a brief overview of the working principles of each piece of equipment you encountered
at the ISP company's machine room:

1. Core Router
- Function: Operates at the network's backbone, managing high-speed data transmission.
- Operation: Uses advanced routing protocols (BGP, OSPF) to direct data efficiently across
networks.

2. Juniper Router
- Function: Versatile, used in various network segments.
- Operation: Runs on Junos OS, supports multiple protocols for scalable and reliable data
handling.

3. Juniper Switch
- Function: Connects multiple network devices.
- Operation: Uses MAC addresses to forward data packets to their correct destination.

4. Access Router
- Function: Connects end-user devices to the network.
- Operation: Manages traffic and assigns IP addresses, linking to distribution routers.

5. Distribution Router
- Function: Aggregates traffic from access routers and connects to the core network.
- Operation: Balances traffic loads and implements routing policies.

6. Optical Line Terminal (OLT)

- Function: Manages communications in fiber-optic networks (PONs).
- Operation: Converts and splits signals for downstream transmission to ONUs/ONTs.

7. Fiber Optic Cables

- Function: Transmit data over long distances with high bandwidth.
- Operation: Use light pulses to carry data, relying on total internal reflection for efficient
transmission.
Overview of Facebook and Google Network Equipment Caasings:
 Here's an overview of Facebook and Google network equipment, focusing on their casings:

. Facebook's Network Casing

- Function: Houses servers and networking equipment in data centers.
- Design: Typically uses standardized server racks and custom enclosures for optimized
cooling and power efficiency.
- Operation: Facilitates high-density setups with easy access for maintenance and upgrades.
Custom casings are often designed to fit into Facebook's unique infrastructure and are optimized
for large-scale operations.

Google’s Network Casing

-Function: Encases servers, routers, and switches in their data centers.
- Design: Uses proprietary and innovative designs to maximize energy efficiency and reduce
environmental impact.
- Operation: Provides robust physical security and optimized airflow. Google's casing often
supports modular designs for scalability and rapid deployment of new equipment.

These casings are crucial for protecting equipment, managing heat, and ensuring efficient and
secure operations in their vast data center networks.

CLOSING CEREMONY
Closing ceremony of the training was led by Syed Mozaharul Islam,AGM, Transmission &
Operations-Carnival Internet. The ceremony was initiated with a note of thanks and he addressed
the participants and asked about their learning experience .He thanked the participants for their
active participation in the training. He also congratulated them on successful completion of this
training course and hoped that the knowledge gained would help the implementing partners in
effective and efficient implementation of the activities.

7. LESSONS LEARNT AND BEST PRACTICES: -

The changes in the format of the workshop helped keep it moving smoothly. More interactive
sessions and practical exercises were ensured by the trainers, which helped participants
underrate the training contents. - As the TOT was an individual activity, few of the sessions took
more time than allocated. If next time such an activity will be planned more time should be
allocated to practical sessions.
Annexes 1:Participant’s List:
 Annexes 2:Schedule:

Time Topics
9.30-10.00 Registration
10.00-12.00 Session-1
12.00-12.15 Tea Break
12.15-2.00 Session-2(Halves)
2.00-2.30 Lunch Break
3.30-4.30 Session-2(Complete)
4.30-4.45 Tea Break
4.45-6.00 Session-3
6.00-6.30 Closing Ceremony
Annexes 3:Photos: