Handouts Theme 2 (ETH100)

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ETH100 THEME 02 HANDOUTS

Topic 005: Rights of citizen: Freedom of life and liberty


A citizen must be aware of the rights of other citizens. Article 9 ensures the right to life and
liberty. It means one citizen cannot take the life of another citizen or injure him for whatever
reason. One citizen cannot attack or harm another and cannot interfere in his personal life.
Liberty and freedom cannot be taken away from any citizen.

Topic 006: Rights of citizen: Fair trial


Every person is entitled to a fair trial in which judges will make their decision about it. No
institution will interfere in the process of a fair trial. If a person cannot afford a fair trial, then the
Constitution ensures that he will be compensated so that he can have a fair trial. There cannot be
a media trial before the final judgment.

Topic 007: Rights of citizen: Slavery


A citizen cannot be made a slave under any circumstances. Article 11 forbids all kinds of slavery
and forced labor. A citizen cannot be forced to do labor for which he has not applied. It is against
the constitution of Pakistan.

Topic 008: Rights of citizen: Freedom of movement


According to Article 15, all citizens have the right to move freely and settle in any area of
Pakistan unless it is a prohibited area. All areas of all the cities are open for its citizens. Except
the private houses and institutions where permission is required to enter. The idea is to bring the
Pakistanis together.

Topic 009: Rights of citizen: Right of access to information


Article 19 ensures that every citizen has the right to access the information unless that
information is prohibited. A citizen can apply from the relevant institution for the required
information. However, any public interest or information that can be misused can be prohibited
from public access.

Topic 010: Rights of citizen: Religious Freedom


Articles 20,21,22 ensures the right to choose a religion, preach it, and establish a religious
institution. Nobody is bound to follow any religion other than his own. Admission should not be

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ETH100 THEME 02 HANDOUTS

denied in educational institutions based on religious background. All citizens must have equal
opportunities for freedom and participation.

Topic 011: Rights of citizen: Freedom to own and sell


property
Articles 23 and 24 ensure that every citizen can buy or sell property anywhere at any time in the
country. For the interest of special communities or areas, there can be some restrictions on the
sale and purchase of the land or property because of its conflicting status. The constitution of
Pakistan guarantees this right to its citizens so that the citizens can feel belongingness with their
land and country and their relationship can become stronger.

Topic 012: Rights of citizen: Protection to language and


culture
Article 28 ensures that every group having a distinct language or culture holds the right to
promote their language and culture. The idea is to enrich diversity. It increases the positive
qualities among the people and encourages critical thinking. This opportunity is to bring a feeling
of belonging to the country and build a stronger connection with its country.

Topic 013: Rights of citizen: Protection from discrimination


According to Article 26, citizens are to be protected from being discriminated against based on
language, religion, sex, or birthplace. The idea is to eliminate all forms of biases. The objective is
to provide justice and fair competition to all. If the discrimination is not discouraged, it will
generate demotivation and injustice in society.

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