Ece 211 Cats

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ECE 211 CAT 1

a. A steel pipe of length L =1.2m, outside diameter d2= 150mm, and inside diameter d1=
110mm is compressed by an axial force P = 620kN. The material has modulus of
elasticity E = 207 Gpa and Poisson’s ratio ν = 0.30.

Determine the following quantities for the pipe:

(i) the shortening δ,

(ii) the lateral strain ε’

(iii) the increase ∆d2 in the outer diameter

(iv) the increase ∆d1 in the inner diameter

(v) the increase ∆t in the wall thickness.

b) A mild steel specimen is stressed up to fracture in a tensile test experiment.

i) Sketch the expected stress-strain graph and briefly explain the various regions of
the graph.

ii) How is the modulus of elasticity determined from the graph drawn above?

c) Differentiate between static and dynamic load giving examples for each.

d) A railway is laid so that there is no stress in the rails at 20˚C. Calculate the stress in the
rails at - 6˚C if all the contraction is prevented. (E = 206 GN/m2 and α = 12 x 10-6/˚C). If
however, there is 6 mm allowance for contraction per rail, what is the stress at -6˚C? The
rails are 27 m long.

e) A steel rod, 25mm diameter (d) and 6 m long, extends 6 mm under a pull of 100 kN.
Calculate the stress and strain in the load.

CAT 2
a) State the assumptions made in simple bending theory
b) A cantilever beam of length 2m fails when a load of 2KN is applied at the free end. If
the section is 40mmx60mm, find the stress at the failure.
c) A rectangular beam 200mm deep and 300mm wide is simply supported over the span
of 8m. What uniformly distributed load per metre the beam may carry, if the bending
stress is not exceed 120N/mm2. (
d) A punch for making holes in steel plates is shown in Fig. 2.7a. Assume
that a punch having diameter d = 20 mm is used to punch a hole in an 8-
mm plate, as shown in the cross-sectional view (Fig. 2d). If a force P=
110 kN is required to create the hole, what is the average shear stress in
the plate and the average compressive stress in the punch?

Fig. 2d

e) A beam is simply supported and carries a uniformly distributed load of 40KN/m run
over the whole span. The section of the beam is rectangular having depth as
500mm.If the maximum stress in the material of the beam is 120N/mm2 and moment
of inertia of the section is 7x10^8 mm^4, find the span of the beam.

f) A short hollow circular cylinder is to support an axial compressive load P = 580kN.


The ultimate stress in compression for the material is σult = 240 MPa. It is decided to
design the cylinder with a wall thickness, t of 25mm and a factor of safety of 3.0 with
respect to the ultimate strength. Compute the minimum required outside diameter, d
of the cylinder.

g) Define the following terms as used in strength of materials.

i. Factor of safety
ii. Poison’s ratio
iii. Resilience
iv. Hardness
v. Plasticity
CAT 3

a) Determine the position of the centroid of the I section which is shown in the figure
below. All units are in mm.

100

b) Discuss the various types of beams that find application in engineering

c) Differentiate between statically determinate and statically indeterminate beams.

e) A beam, 10 m long, is simply supported at the left-hand end and at its mid-point. It
carries a uniformly distributed load of 48 kN/m between the supports and a point load of
50 kN at the right-hand end. Draw the shearing force and bending moment diagrams for
the beam, state the greatest positive and negative values of each of these quantities and
calculate the position of the point of contra-flexure

f) Briefly explain why a factor of safety is used in design.

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