Avon High School Name ______________________________________________

AP Calculus AB/BC
SOLUTIONS UNIT 5 REVIEW – Analytical Applications of Differentiation.

You may use a graphing calculator for Questions 1-6.

1. The graph of the twice differentiable function f is shown in the figure. Which of the following correctly
orders f ( 2) , f ¢ ( 2 ) , f ¢¢ ( 2 ) ?

(A) f ( 2 ) < f ¢ ( 2 ) < f ¢¢ ( 2 ) (B) f ¢¢ ( 2) < f ( 2) < f ¢ ( 2 )

(C) f ¢ ( 2) < f ( 2 ) < f ¢¢ ( 2 ) (D) f ( 2 ) < f ¢¢ ( 2 ) < f ¢ ( 2 )

At x =2, the graph of f is decreasing (first derivative negative), equal to zero

(the function equals zero) and concave up (second derivative > 0)

2. Let f ( x) be a strictly increasing function such that f ( x) < 0 for all values of x. Let g ( x) be a strictly
decreasing function such that g ( x) > 0 for all values of x. If h( x) = f ( x) g ( x) , which statement is true?

(A) h( x) > 0 and is strictly increasing. (B) h( x) > 0 and is strictly decreasing.

(C) h( x) < 0 and is strictly increasing. (D) h( x) < 0 and is strictly decreasing.

h¢( x) = f ¢( x) × g ( x) + f ( x) × g ¢( x)
If f ( x) is strictly increasing, then f ¢( x) > 0. If g ( x) is strictly decreasing, then g ¢( x) < 0.
Therefore, we have h¢( x) = (+)(+) + (-)(-) = positive....and h( x) = (+ )(-).
Thus h( x) > 0 and is increasing.

3. The graph of y = h( x) is shown to the right. Which of the following could be the graph of y = h¢( x) ?

(A) (B)
(C) (D)

4. The figure below shows the graph of f ¢ , the derivative of the function f, for -7 £ x £ 7 . The graph
of f ¢ has horizontal tangent lines at x = -3 , x = 2 , and , x = 5 , and a vertical tangent at x = 3 .

a. Find all values of x, for -7 £ x £ 7 , at which f attains a relative minimum. Justify your answer.
The graph of f (x) attains a relative minimum at x = -1 because f ¢(-1) = 0 and f ¢( x)
changes from negative to positive at x = -1 .

b. Find all values of x, for -7 £ x £ 7 , at which f attains a relative maximum. Justify your answer.

The graph of f (x) attains a relative maximum at x = -5 because f ¢(-5) = 0 and f ¢( x)

changes from positive to negative at x = -5 .

c. Find all intervals for which f "( x ) < 0 . Justify your answer.

f ¢¢( x) < 0 on the intervals ( -7, -3) , ( 2,3) , and ( 3,5) because f ¢( x) is decreasing on
those intervals. Note: We exclude x = 3 because we’re told the graph of f’ has a vertical
tangent there. A closed bracket around the -7, 2, and 5 are acceptable.
 d. Find all values of x for -7 £ x £ 7 where f (x) has a point of inflection. Justify your answer.

The graph of f (x) has a point of inflection at x = -3, x = 2, and x = 5 because f ¢¢( x) = 0 at
each of those values and and f ¢¢( x) changes signs at each of those values.

No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator

Do not use a calculator for Problems 7-17.

5. The graph of the second derivative of a function f (x) is shown below. Which of the following
is/are true?

I. The graph of f (x) has a point of

inflection at x = –1.

II. The graph of f (x) is concave down

on the interval –1 < x < 3.

III. The graph f ' ( x ) is increasing at x = 2.

(A) I only (B) II only

(C) I and II only (D) III only

There will be a point of inflection at x = -1 because f ¢¢(-1) = 0 and f ¢¢( x) changes signs at x = -1 .
The graph of f (x) is concave down on ( -1,3) because f ¢¢( x) < 0 on that interval.
The graph of f '( x) cannot increase at x = 1 because f ¢¢( x) < 0 at x = 1 .

6. Given the graph of the derivative, f ¢( x) , which of

the following would correctly depict a possible graph of f ( x) ?

(A) (B)
 (C) (D)

No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator

7. Identify the open interval(s) on which the function f ( x) = x 2 - x - 12 is

increasing.

(A) ( -¥, - 3) and ( 4, ¥ ) (B) ( -¥, ¥ )

æ1 ö
(C) ( -3, 4 ) (D) ç , ¥ ÷
è2 ø
f ¢( x) = 2 x - 1 Sign
- - - - - - - - - - 0 + + + + + + +
f ¢( x) = 0 of f’

1
2x -1 = 0 ® x =
2
8. For all x in the closed interval [2, 5], the function f has a positive first derivative and a negative
second derivative. Which of the following could be a table of values for f ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

A positive first derivative exists only in tables (A) and (B) becasue the values of f (x) are
increasing.
In order for the second derivative to be negative, the rate at which the f (x) values increase must
be decreasing (or slowing). This is evident in table (B).

9. On the closed interval [ 0, 2p ], the absolute minimum of f ( x) = esin x occurs at

p
(A) 0 (B)
2
 3p
(C) (D) 2p
2
f ¢( x) = cos x × esin x x f ( x)
cos x × e sin x
=0 0
e
sin ( 0)
= e0 = 1
cos x = 0 esin x = 0 p æp ö
sin ç ÷

2 e è2ø
= e1 = e
p 3p
x= , Æ 3p æ 3p ö
2 2 sin ç ÷ 1
2 e è 2 ø
= e-1 =
e
2p e
sin ( 2p )
= e =1
0

No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator --- No Calculator

10. Let g be the function given by g ( x) = x 2 e kx , where k is a constant. For what value of k does g have
a critical point at x = 2 ?
3

(A) −3 (B) - 3
2

(C) - 1 (D) 0
3

g ¢( x) = 2 x × e kx + x 2 × ke kx
2 æ2ö
Having a critical point at x = implies that g ¢ ç ÷ = 0
3 è3ø
æ2ö 2 æ2ö
æ2ö æ 2 ö kç ÷ æ 2 ö kç ÷
g ¢ ç ÷ = 2 ç ÷ × e è 3 ø + ç ÷ × ke è 3 ø = 0
è3ø è3ø è3ø
4 23k 4 23k
e + ke = 0
3 9
2k
æ1 1 ö
4e 3 ç + k ÷ = 0
è3 9 ø
2k
1 1
4e 3 = 0 + k =0
3 9
1 1
Æ k =-
9 3
k = -3

11. The maximum value of f ( x) = 2 x3 - 15 x 2 + 36 x on the closed interval [ 0, 4] is

(A) 28 (B) 30
 (C) 32 (D) 48

f ¢( x) = 6 x 2 - 30 x + 36 x f ( x)
6 x - 30 x + 36 = 0
2 0
2 ( 0) - 15 ( 0) + 36 ( 0) = 0
3 2

6( x 2 - 5 x + 6) = 0 2 2 ( 2) -15 ( 2) + 36 ( 2) = 16 - 60 + 72 = 28
3 2

6( x - 3)( x - 2) = 0
3 2 ( 3) -15 ( 3) + 36 ( 3) = 54 -135 + 108 = 27
3 2
x = 2, 3
4 2 ( 4) -15 ( 4) + 36 ( 4) = 128 - 240 + 144 = 32
3 2