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03 2.1C Types of Graphs (NOTE)

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4 views

03 2.1C Types of Graphs (NOTE)

Uploaded by

edisorn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MDM4U - Unit 1

DATA MANAGEMENT (MDM4U)


Lesson # 03
DISPLAYING DATA – TYPE OF GRAPHS
Chapter 2.1 C
Homework Pg 101 #1-16

Tables are used to organize data; however, graphs are used to display data in a more meaningful way.

1. PIE CHART (OR CIRCLE GRAPH)


◼ Used to display categorical data (Nominal or Ordinal). Example:

◼ Used to show percentage or proportional data.

◼ Good for displaying data for around 6 categories or less. (Too


many categories will make it hard to see the proportions)

Advantages Disadvantages
 Simple and easy-to-understand picture  Ineffective if it consists of too many data.

 Immediate analysis or to understand information  Hard to use data of numbers because it will be
quickly. crowded.

 Removes the need for readers to examine or  Consist of one kind of categories.
measure underlying numbers themselves
 Comparing data slices in a circle causes difficulties,
 Easily manipulate pieces of data in the pie circle to because the reader has to factor in angles and
emphasize points you want to make. compare non-adjacent slices.
2. BAR GRAPH (Horizontal or Vertical)
◼ Used to display discrete numerical or categorical data. Example:

◼ X-axis of the chart shows the specific categories being


compared

◼ The equal intervals are shown on the y-axis.

◼ Rectangular bars with heights or lengths proportional to the


values that they represent.

◼ The bars can either be horizontal or vertical.

Advantages Disadvantages

 Show relationships between 2 or more  If there is a wide range of data it is difficult to read
variables. accurately.

 Good visual impression of trends and changes.  Doesn’t reveal exact values.
(If used on Ordinal Categorical data)
 Key patterns are not revealed.
 Simple to construct and read.
 Manipulated easily, causing false impressions or
 Accessible to a wide audience. interpretations.

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3. BROKEN-LINE GRAPH
◼ Used to display continuous data or ordinal Example)
categorical data.

◼ It uses lines to connect each coordinate that


represents a single data point.

◼ Can easily observe changes over a certain period


of time.

◼ Able to quickly tell the range, minimum/maximum as


well as if there’s any gaps or clusters.

◼ Generally good only when there’s under 50 data values.

◼ Difficult to graph if range of data is too spread out.

4. PICTOGRAPH
◼ Used to display categorical data. Example)

◼ Visually appealing graphs that are best used with data


that can be represented with symbols.

◼ Easy to read and can handle a large set of data.

◼ Problematic when trying to show partial icons.

◼ Unable to show more complex observations

◼ Only works well with 2-6 categories

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5. SPIDERGRAM (RADAR CHART)
◼ Used to display categorical data. Example)
◼ Used to plot one or more groups of values over
multiple common variables

◼ Each axis are given a variable

◼ Each axis shares the same scale.

Advantages Disadvantages

 Able to compare different data and their  Difficult to compare when there’s more than a
different attributes all at once. couple of webs on the chart.

 It gets confusing if there’s too many axes


(variables).

 Viewers could potentially think that the area of


the polygons is the most important.

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