Department of Mechanical Engineering B. Tech.

in Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance) IV Semester CBCS Scheme
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Sl. No Type L T P TA MSE ESE Total Credits

Course Title Course Code Course Name
Max Min Max Min Max Min Marks
1. Program Core ME104101ME Fluid Mechanics T 3 1 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 100 4
2. Program Core ME104102ME Mechanics of Solids – II T 3 1 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 100 4
3. Program Core ME104103ME Internal Combustion Engines T 3 1 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 100 4
4. Program Core ME104104ME Kinematics of Machines T 3 1 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 100 4
5. Program Core ME104105ME Manufacturing Science – II T 3 1 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 100 4
6. Program Core ME104001MA Mathematics-IV T 4 0 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 100 4
7. Laboratory ME104407ME Mechanical Lab-3 P 0 0 2 40 0 20 0 40 0 100 1
8. Laboratory ME104408ME Mechanical Lab-4 P 0 0 2 40 0 20 0 40 0 100 1
Total 19 5 4 800 26
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance)
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Semester-IV
Department proposing the
1. Mechanical Engineering
course
2. Course Title Fluid Mechanics
3. L-T-P Structure 3+1+0
4. Credits / # of period 4
5. Course Number (Code) ME104101ME
6. Status (Core/Elective) Program Core
Pre-requisites (course
7. Nil
no./title)
8. Frequency of offer Once in a Year
9. Course Objectives:
1. Understand and apply mathematical principles for analyzing fluid flow problems
using conservation of mass, momentum, and energy principles.
2. Understand mass, momentum, and energy balances to study fluid flow processes
and Engineering systems.
3. Understand internal or external flow problems.
4. Understand concepts of fluid statics and dynamics.
5. Understand dimensional analysis.
6. Understand boundary layer theory.
Course Outcomes (CO):
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Apply mathematical principles for fluid flow.
2. Apply mass, momentum, and energy balances to study fluid flow processes and
Engineering systems.
3. Solve various fluid flow problems.
4. Analyze and apply concepts of fluid statics and dynamics.
5. Analyze dimensionally different types of fluid flow formula through model
analysis.
6. Understand and identify the boundary layer, flow control and flow separation.
10. Course Syllabus
Unit –I Properties of fluid and Fluid statics
Properties of fluid: Fluid, ideal and real fluid, Properties of fluid: Mass density, Weight
density, Specific volume, Specific gravity, Viscosity, Surface tension, Capillarity, Vapor
pressure, Compressibility and bulk modulus. Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.
Fluid statics: Pressure, Pascal’s law, Hydrostatic law, Pressure measurement, Hydrostatic
force on submerged plane and curved surface, Buoyancy and Flotation, Liquid in relative
equilibrium.

Unit –II Fluid Kinematics

Description of fluid motion, Langragian and Eulerian approach, Type of fluid flow, Type
of flow lines-path line, Streak line, Stream line, Stream tube, Continuity equation,
 Acceleration of a fluid particle, Motion of fluid particle along curved path, Normal and
tangential acceleration, Rotational flow, Rotation and Vorticity, Circulation, Stream and
potential function, Flow net, Its characteristics and utilities, Vortex motion.

Unit –III Fluid dynamics, Laminar & Turbulent flow and Flow through pipes
Fluid dynamics: Euler’s Equation, Bernoulli’s equation and its practical application,
Venturimeter, Orifice meter, Nozzle, Pitot tube, Impulse momentum equation,
Momentum of Momentum equation, Kinetic energy and Momentum correction factor.
Laminar & Turbulent flow: Reynold’s experiment, Shear stress and pressure gradient
relationship, Flow of viscous fluids in circular pipe and between two parallel plates,
Coutte
flow.
Flow through pipes: Loss of energy in pipes, Hydraulic gradient and total energy line,
pipe in series and parallel, Equivalent pipe power transmission through pipe, Water
hammer in pipes.

Unit –IV Internal flows and Dimensional analysis

Internal flows: Friction factor, Darcy-Weisbach friction factor, Moody’s diagram,
boundary Layer theory, Boundary layer equation, Laminar and turbulent boundary layer
and its growth over flat plat. Momentum boundary layer and its solutions, separation of
boundary layer and its control.
Dimensional analysis: Methods of dimensional analysis, Rayleigh’s method,
Buckingham’s theorem, Limitations, Model analysis, Dimensionless number and their
significance, model laws, Reynolod’s model law, Fraude’s model law, Euler’s model law,
Weber’s model law and Mach’s Model law.
11. Text Books-
1. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines by S K Som and G Biswas, McGraw Hill Education
(India) Private Limited.
2. Hydraulics and fluid Mechanics by Modi and Seth, 12th ed. 1998, Standard Book
House, Delhi.
3. Engineering Fluid Mechanics: Theory and Practice by S. B. Thool and L. Sinha, Narosa
publishing House, New Delhi.
12. Reference Books-
1. Mechanics of Fluid – B. S. Massey – English Language Book Society (U.K.)
2. Fluid Mechanics by V. L. Streeter & E.B. Wylie, 1st SI metric ed. 1981, McGraw Hill
Book Company.
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance)
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Semester-IV
Department proposing the
1. Mechanical Engineering
course
2. Course Title Mechanics of Solids-II
3. L-T-P Structure 3+1+0
4. Credits / # of period 4
5. Course Number (Code) ME104102ME
6. Status (Core/Elective) Program Core
Pre-requisites (course
7. Mechanics of Solids-I
no./title)
8. Frequency of offer Once in a Year
9. Course Objectives:
The course is the advanced version of Mechanics of Solids-1 which is designed keeping in
view of advanced topics used in real time applications. The course is designed to provide
an insight into designing various critical components in the industries like the crane
hooks, fixed beams and continuous beams. Also, the course is intended towards
providing preliminary concepts leading towards designed more complex cases like the
Beams in unsymmetrical bending, thin and thick-walled pressure vessels. The course is
designed to cover the stability and the buckling aspects associated with mechanical
members like long thin columns.
Course Outcomes (CO):
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Visualize and apply mathematics to obtain analytical solutions in solid mechanics.
2. Interpret the principle of superposition, energy methods of determining the
reaction and their applications for solving statically indeterminate structures.
3. Apply the basic concepts of stress and strain in dealing problems related to
unsymmetrical bending, fixed beams, continuous beams, curved beams, thick and
thin pressure vessels.
4. Discover principles of solid mechanics by solving engineering problems.
5. Develop appropriate models for practical situations to formulate solutions.
10. Course Syllabus
Unit 1 Energy Methods and Fixed Beams
(a) Energy Methods: Introduction, Principle of superposition, Strain energy, Reciprocal
relations, Maxwell Betti theorem, Elastic strain energy in tension and compression,
Strain energy in beams subjected to bending and shafts to torsion. Impact loading in
tension and bending, first and second theorem of Castigliano and its applications.
(b) Fixed Beams: Fixed beam subjected to different types of loads and couples,
Calculations of fixing moments and reactions at supports, deflection. Effect of sinking of
support.

Unit 2: Continuous beams and Unsymmetrical Bending

(a) Continuous beams: Continuous beams subjected to different type of loads and
 couples, beams with overhang, beams with one end fixed, Clapeyron’s theorem. Effect of
sinking of supports.
(b) Unsymmetrical Bending: Introduction to unsymmetrical bending, Stresses and
deflection in unsymmetrical bending,

Unit 3: Shear Center and Bending of curved bars

(a) Shear Center: Shear center for angle, Channel, Circular and I-sections.
(b) Bending of curved bars: Stresses in bars of small initial curvature, Winkler-Bach
theory, Stresses in bars of large initial curvature, Deflection of Crane hooks, Chain links,
circular rings, stresses in circular rings.

Unit 4: Columns, Thin Pressure Vessel and Thick Pressure Vessel

(a) Columns: Struts and Columns, Stability of columns, Euler’s formula for different end
conditions, Equivalent load, Eccentric loading and Rankine’s formula.
(b) Thin Pressure Vessel: Thin Pressure Vessels, Circumferential and longitudinal
stresses in thin cylindrical shells and thin spherical shell under internal pressure,
(c) Thick Pressure Vessel: Stresses in thick and compound cylinders. Application to pipe
flow.
11. Text Books-
1. Strength of Materials – G.H. Ryder, Macmillan Publishers
2. Strength of Materials, Part I & Part II – S. Timoshenko, CBS Publisher
12. Reference Books-
1. Introduction to Solid Mechanics – I. H. Shames, PHI
2. Advanced Strength of Materials – J. P. Den Hartog – Dover Publication
3. Strength of Materials – S. S. Rattan, Tata McGraw Hill Publications
4. Strength of Materials – R. K. Rajput, S. Chand & Company Ltd
5. Advanced Mechanics of Materials – A. P. Boresi & O. M. Sidebottom, John Wiley &
Sons
6. Mechanics of Materials – J. M. Gere and S. P. Timoshenko, CBS Publisher
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance)
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Semester-IV
Department proposing the
1. Mechanical Engineering
course
2. Course Title Internal Combustion Engines
3. L-T-P Structure 3+1+0
4. Credits / # of period 4
5. Course Number (Code) ME104103ME
6. Status (Core/Elective) Program Core
Pre-requisites (course
7. Applied Thermodynamics
no./title)
8. Frequency of offer Once in a Year
9. Course Objectives:
1. To understand the working of an I.C. Engines and their various systems.
2. To understand the combustion process in I.C. Engines.
3. To understand and analyze the performance characteristics of an I.C. engine and
their emissions.
Course Outcomes (CO):
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Understand the working of an I. C. Engines (i.e. S. I. and C. I. engine) and their
applications.
2. Understand the combustion process in I. C engines and different type’s fuels, their
stochiometric compositions.
3. Understand and identify various systems (ignition, injection, and cooling and
lubrication system) of an I.C. Engine.
4. Understand and analyze the performance characteristics of an I. C engine and
their emissions from of I. C. engines.
10. Course Syllabus
Unit –I Introduction and Cycles
Introduction: Introduction of internal and external combustion engine and their
comparison, two stroke and four stroke cycle S. I. and C. I. engine and their comparison,
valve timing diagram for S. I. and C. I. engines, Effect of valve timing and engine speed on
volumetric efficiency.
Cycles: Reasons for deviation of actual cycle from air standard cycles, Variation specific
heats and cycle analysis, fuel air cycles and their analysis, Actual cycles and their
analysis, Purpose and Thermodynamic cycle of supercharging.

Unit –II Fuels and Combustion

Fuels: Basic requirement of I.C. Engine fuels, Requirement of an ideal gasoline, Structure
of petroleum, Effect of fuel structure on combustion, Volatility of liquid fuels, effect of
volatility on engine performance for starting, Vapour lock, Acceleration, Percolation,
Carburettor, icing and Crank case dilution.
 Combustion: Determination of stochiometric air fuel ratio, Fuel-air and exhaust gas
analysis for a given combustion process. Combustion in S.I. and C.I. engines, Detonation,
Pre-ignition, Knocking, Antiknock rating of fuels Octane number, Critical compression
ratio, HUCR, performance number, Cetane number and Dopes.
Unit –III Carburetor, Ignition System, Cooling System, Lubrication System and
Governing of I C Engine
Carburetor: Properties of air-petrol mixtures, Mixture requirement, Simple carburetor,
limitation of simple carburetor, Modern carburetor, Main metering system, Idling
system, Economizer system, Acceleration pump and cold starting system. Nozzle lip,
Venturi depression, Calculation of fuel jet and venturi throat dia for given air fuel ratio.
Petrol Injection, Electronic fuel injection, advantage and disadvantage of petrol injection,
Multi point Fuel Injection System.
Ignition System: Battery and magneto ignition system and their comparative study,
Spark plug heat range, Electronic ignition system, Firing order, Ignition timing,
Centrifugal and vacuum ignition advance.
Injection System: Requirement, type, Fuel pump, Type of fuel injector, Type of nozzle,
Atomization, Spray penetration and spray direction, multiple point fuel injection system.
Cooling System: Cooling requirement, Air cooling, liquid cooling, Type of liquid cooling
system, Advantage and disadvantage of air cooling and water cooling system, Antifreeze
mixture.
Lubrication System: Function of lubricating system, Properties of lubricating oil, Wet
sump, Dry sump and mist lubrication system.
Governing of I C Engine: Necessity of governing, various methods of governing.

Unit –IV Testing and Performance, Emission and Pollution

Testing and Performance: Performance parameters, Measurements of brake power,
indicated power, Friction power, Fuel and air consumption, Exhaust gas calorimeter,
Calculation of various performance parameter, Heat balance sheet. Performance current
for S.I. and C.I. engine with load and speed.
Emission and Pollution: S. I. Engine and C. I. Engine emissions and its control and
comparison. Effect of pollution on Human health and biosphere.
11. Text Books-
1. A Course in Internal Combustion Engines – M. L. Mathur & R.P. Sharma – Dhanpat
Rai & Sons
2. Internal Combustion Engine – V. Ganeshan – TMH
12. Reference Books-
1. A Course in Internal Combustion Engine – V. M. Domkundwar – Dhanpat Rai &
Sons.
2. Internal Combustion Engine – R. Yadav – Central Publishing House, Allahabad
3. Fundamental of Internal Combustion Engine – Paul W. Gill, James H. Smith,
Eugene J. Ziurys Oxford and IBH Publishing Company
4. Internal Combustion Engines – R. K. Rajput – Laxmi Publication
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance)
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Semester-IV
Department proposing the
1. Mechanical Engineering
course
2. Course Title Kinematics of Machines
3. L-T-P Structure 3+1+0
4. Credits / # of period 4
5. Course Number (Code) ME104104ME
6. Status (Core/Elective) Program Core
Pre-requisites (course
7. Engineering Mechanics, Engineering Graphics
no./title)
8. Frequency of offer Once in a Year
9. Course Objectives (CO):
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Explain the difference between link, mechanism and machine.
2. Analyze the difference between higher and lower pairs, understand kinematics of
mechanisms by drawing the velocity and the accelerations diagrams.
3. Analyze and design the basic machine elements like flywheel, governor, brakes
and dynamometers.
10. Course Syllabus
Unit-I Relative velocity and Relative Acceleration
Relative velocity: Elements, pairs, Mechanism, Four bar chain and its inversion, Velocity
diagrams, Relative velocity method, Instantaneous centre method.
Relative Acceleration: Synthesis of mechanism, Pantograph, Lower pair mechanism,
Relative acceleration diagram, Kleins construction, Coriolis component of acceleration.

Unit-II Inertia force analysis, Turning moment diagram and flywheel

Inertia force analysis: Effective force and inertia force on link, Inertia force on
reciprocating engine. Inertia force in four bar chain mechanism.
Turning moment diagram and flywheel: Turning moment diagram for single and multi-
cylinder internal combustion engine, Coefficient of fluctuation of speed. Coefficient of
fluctuation of energy, Flywheel.

Unit-III Governors
Governors: Characteristics of centrifugal governors, Gravity controlled governors, porter
and proell. Spring controlled centrifugal governor: Hartung and hartnell governor.
Performance parameter: Sensitivity, stability, Isochoronism, Governor effort and power.

Unit-IV Friction, Brakes and dynamometer

Friction: Friction in turning pair, Application of friction circle in slider crank and four bar
mechanism, Pivot and collar friction, Thrust bearing.
 Brakes and dynamometer: Simple block and shoe brake, Band brake, Band and block
brake, and internal expanding shoe brake, Absorption dynamometer, Transmission
dynamometer.
11. Text Books-
1. Theory of machine – S. S. Ratan-Tata McGraw Hill.
2. The Theory of machine – Thomas Beven – CBS Publishers.
12. Reference Books-
1. Theory of mechanism and machine – A. Ghosh, A. K. Mallik –EWP Press.
2. Theory of Machine – Shigley, J. E.
3. Theory of Machine - Jagdish Lal.
4. Theory of machine – J. E. Singh – McGraw Hill
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance)
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Semester-IV
Department proposing the
1. Mechanical Engineering
course
2. Course Title Manufacturing Science-II
3. L-T-P Structure 3+1+0
4. Credits / # of period 4
5. Course Number (Code) ME104105ME
6. Status (Core/Elective) Program Core
Pre-requisites (course
7. Manufacturing Science-I
no./title)
8. Frequency of offer Once in a Year
9. Course Objectives:
1. Apprehend machine tools like lathe, shaper, slotter and planner, milling machine
etc.
2. Understand machine tool technology and mechanics of metal cutting.
3. Understand machinability, thermal aspects in machining and cutting fluids, jogs
and fixtures.
4. Understand advanced manufacturing processes, CNC machines etc.
5. Understand additive manufacturing processes, reverse engineering and micro
manufacturing.
Course Outcomes (CO):
At the end of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Associate and identify the use of various machine tools with its applications.
2. Understand and identify the significance of metal cutting operations and tool
geometry of cutting tools and its impact on cutting process.
3. Infer the concept of machinability, thermal aspects in machining and cutting fluids
and various locating & clamping elements like jigs & fixtures.
4. Describe and demonstrate details of the advanced machining process theory &
practices and application of computers in manufacturing process.
5. Understand the need of inventing the additive manufacturing processes and
unconventional processes with their range of applications.
6. Understand the need and application of micro manufacturing processes.
10. Course Syllabus
Unit-I Lathe, Shaper, Slotter, planner and Milling machine
Lathe: Introduction, type, specification, basic components of lathe machine, general and
special operations, attachments for various operations, taper turning, thread cutting
operations.
Shaper, Slotter and planner: Introduction, specification, drives and classifications.
Milling machine: Introduction, classifications and milling operations.
 Unit-II Machine Tool Technology
Cutting tool: Introduction, types, requirements, specifications and applications.
Single point cutting tool: Tool geometry, tool nomenclature and tool signature.
Mechanics of metal cutting: Theories of metal cutting, orthogonal and oblique cutting,
chip formation, types of chips, chip breakers, stress and strain in the chip, velocity
relations, power and energy requirement in metal cutting.
Machinability: Concept and evaluation of machinability, mechanism of tool failure, tool
wear mechanism, Taylor’s tool life equation, machinability index, factors affecting
machinability.
Thermal aspects in machining and cutting fluid: Source of heat in metal cutting and its
distributions, function of cutting fluid, types of cutting fluid.
Jigs and fixtures: Concept and application, principles of location and clamping, degree of
freedom, principle of jigs and fixtures design.

Unit-III Advanced Manufacturing Processes

Introduction, classifications, advanced, theory and applications, basic concepts and
applications of USM, AJM, ECM, EDM, LBM, and EBM.
CNC machines: Introduction, working principle and application of CNC machines
(Tutorial classes will be organized in the CNC Lab).

Unit-IV Additive manufacturing processes, Reverse engineering and Micro

manufacturing
Additive manufacturing processes: Working principle of additive manufacturing and
rapid prototyping, rapid tooling.
Reverse engineering: Basic concepts and applications, integration of rapid prototyping
and reverse engineering.
Micro manufacturing: Introduction, classifications, material removal methods, micro-
electro mechanical system (MEMS).
11. Text Books-
1. Manufacturing Engineering and Technology – Serope Kalpakjian & Steven R.
Schmid – Pearson Education, Delhi.
2. Manufacturing Technology (Vol. - I & II) – P.N. Rao – Tata McGraw Hill Pub.
Company, New Delhi.
3. Machine Tool Engineering – G. R. Nagpal – Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
4. Design of Machine Tools – S. K. Basu & D. K. Pal- Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi
12. Reference Books-
1. Production Technology – R. K. Jain – Khanna Publisher – New Delhi.
2. A Text Book of Production Technology (Manufacturing Processes & Technology)
P. C. Sharma – S. Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Machine Tool Practices – Kibbe Richard R – PHI, New Delhi.
4. Principle of Metal Cutting – G. C. Sen, A. Bhattacharya – New Central Book Agency
(P) Ltd. Calcutta.
5. Manufacturing Processes (Vol-I&II) – H. S. Bawa- Tata McGraw Hill pub. Company,
New Delhi.
6. Advances in 3D Printing & Additive Manufacturing Technologies, David Ian
Wimpenny, Pulak M. Pandey, L. Jyothish Kumar – Springer Science + Business
Media Singapore 2017.
7. Micro manufacturing Engineering and Technology, Yi Qin, Publisher - William
 Andrew, 2015.
8. Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS): Technology, Fabrication Processes,
and Applications, Britt Ekwall, Mikkel Cronquist, Publisher - Nova Science
Publishers, 2011.
9. Reverse Engineering: Technology of Reinvention, Dr. Wego Wang, Publisher - CRC
Press, 2010
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Raipur
(Institute of National Importance)
G. E. Road, Raipur-492010 (CG)

Semester-IV
Department proposing the
1. Mechanical Engineering
course
2. Course Title Mathematics-IV
3. L-T-P Structure 4+0+0
4. Credits / # of period 4
5. Course Number (Code) ME104001MA
6. Status (Core/Elective) Program Core
Pre-requisites (course
7. Mathematics-I, Mathematics-II and Mathematics-III
no./title)
8. Frequency of offer Once in a Year
9. Course Objectives (CO):
To enable the students to apply the knowledge of Mathematics in various fields:
1. Introduce the method to solve the algebraic, transcendental and simultaneous
linear equations and its application.
2. Introduce the method to solve the problems related to data appear equal or
unequal intervals and to know the application of regression analysis.
3. Introduce the method to calculate the derivative of the function and evaluate the
definite Integral from set of numerical values.
4. Introduce the method to solve the ordinary and partial differential equations
using different numerical techniques.
10. Course Syllabus
Unit-I NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF ALGEBRAIC, TRANSCENDENTAL AND
SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS
Errors in numerical computation, Error type, Bisection Method, Regula–Falsi Method,
Secant Method, Newton-Raphson Method, Unique Solution, Singular Solution, Ill-
Conditional Equations, Cramer’s Rule, Matrix Method, Method of leading coefficients,
Direct Methods-Gauss Elimination, Pitfalls of Elimination, Gauss-Jordan & Crout’s
Triangularization Method, Iterative Methods: Jacobi, Gauss-Siedel & Relaxation Methods.

Unit-II INTERPOLATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS

Finite Differences, Forward, Backward & Central Difference Interpolation, Lagrange’s
Formula and Newton’s Divided Difference methods, Regression Analysis, Least square
analysis, Formation of Normal Equation, Linear Regression, Polynomial regression,
Exponential Geometric and Trigonometric Regression.

Unit-III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION

Derivatives using Forward, Backward and Central Difference methods, Derivatives using
unequally spaced values, Newton-Cote’s Quadrature method, Trapezoidal rule,
 Simpson’s 1/3 rule, Simpson’s 3/8 rule, Weddle’s Rule, Integration of equations,
Romberg Integration, Gauss Quadrature method.

Unit-IV NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF ORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL

EQUATIONS
Numerical solutions of ODE using Picard’s Method, Taylor’s Series Method, Euler’s
Modified Method, Runge-Kutta Method of Fourth Order, Finite Difference Method.
Partial Differential Equation: Elliptic, Parabolic and Hyperbolic: Solution of Laplace and
Poisson’s Equations by Finite Difference Method, Iteration and Relaxation Techniques.
11. Text Books-
1. M. K. Jain, S. R. K. Iyengar & R. K. Jain Numerical Methods for Scientific and
Engineering Computation, New Age International (P) Limited, Publisher.
2. B. S. Grewal, Numerical Method in Engineering and Science, Khanna Publisher.
3. J. D. Hoffman, Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists, McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Publisher.
4. S. C. Chapra, & R. P. Canale, Numerical Methods for Engineers, McGraw Hill
Publisher.
12. Reference Books-
1. P. Kandasamy, K. Thilagavathy, & K. Gunavathi, Numerical Methods, S. Chand
Publisher.
2. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons Inc. Publisher.
3. S. S. Sastry, Introductory methods of numerical analysis, PHI, Publisher.