WORD PROBLEMS

1. A car traveled 240 km in 4 hours. What is its 4. At 25% discount, Mang Connor paid P150.75
average speed? for a bag. What was the original price of the
bag?

60 km/h
₱37.69
40 km/h
₱150.75
80 km/h
₱503.25
120 km/h
₱201.00
Average speed is calculated by dividing the total
distance traveled by the time taken. Average speed = 5. The elevator in an eleven-story office
Total distance ÷ Time taken = 240 km ÷ 4 hours = 60 building travels at the rate of one floor per 1/4
km/h. minute, which allows time for picking up and
discharging passengers. At the main floor and
2. Jerry bought a bottle of oil lubricant for his at the top floor, the operator stops for 1
bike. The oil cost ₱92 before tax. If the total minute. How many complete trips will an
price including tax was ₱98.90, find the tax operator make during a 7-hour period?
rate.

42 trips
6.5%
64 trips
7.5%
56 trips
5%
60 trips
8.5% Complete trip = 10 floors up and 10 floors down = 20
To find the tax rate, we need to calculate the tax floors = 20*1/4 = 5 minutes plus 2 minutes = 7
amount and then divide it by the original cost of the minutes.
oil. 7 hour = 420 minutes.
In 420 minutes operator can make 420/7=60 trips.
Let's assume the tax rate is "x" (in decimal form). Answer: 60 trips

The tax amount is the difference between the total 6. Our school has 8 male teachers who
price and the original cost: comprise 25% of all our teachers. How many
Tax amount = Total price - Original cost teachers do we have?
Tax amount = ₱98.90 - ₱92
Tax amount = ₱6.90
Now, we can set up an equation to find the tax rate: 42
Tax amount = Tax rate * Original cost
Substitute the values we know: 32
₱6.90 = x * ₱92
Now, solve for the tax rate "x": 22
x = ₱6.90 / ₱92
x = 0.075 52
Finally, convert the tax rate to a percentage:
Tax rate = 0.075 * 100% 7. Tom borrowed $600 at 10% per year, simple
Tax rate = 7.5% interest, for 3 years. How much did he have to
The tax rate is 7.5% repay (principal + interest) at the end of the 3
year period?
3. A tank has a capacity of 200 pints. How
many gallons of water would it take to fill the
$650
tank to 3/10 of its capacity? (1 gallon = 8 pints)
$740
9 gallons
$680
7 gallons
$780
8.5 gallons The interest to pay is given by:

7.5 gallons Interest = 600 * 10% * 3 = $180

since 1 gallon = 8 pints;
200/8 gallons is the capacity => 25 gallons Total to repay
3/10 of capacity of 25 gallons=> 3/10*25
Answer=> 75/10 or 7.5 600 + 180 = $780
 WORD PROBLEMS

8. Liam has originally ₱15,000, if he spends Since 20% will be withheld, Maria will receive 80% of
25% of his money for new clothes, how much is her request. So the question is: $1200 is 80% of how
left? much?
80 : 100 = 4 : 5 = 1200 : ?
4 has been multiplied by 300. Therefore, 5 must be
₱3,500 multiplied by 300:
4 : 5 =1200 : 1500.
₱3,750 $1200 is 80% of $1500

₱13,750 12. A student chose a number, multiplied it by

2, then subtracted 138 from the result and got
₱11,250 102. What was the number he chose?
100% - 25 % = 75%
75% = 0.75
15,000 x 0.75 = 11,250 110

9. When Leonardo turns 9, his height is 1.20 m. 150

His height increases by 0.06 m a year during
the next 5 years. What will Leonardo's height 120
be when Leonardo turns 14?
140
According to the given information, the student
1.50 m performed the following operations on the chosen
number:
1.6 m Multiplied it by 2: 2x
Subtracted 138 from the result: 2x - 138
1.30 m The final result after these operations is 102. So, we
can set up the equation:
1.75 m 2x - 138 = 102
This can be calculated as follows: Now, solve for "x":
1.20 m + (5 years * 0.06 m/year) = 1.20 m + 0.30 m = Add 138 to both sides:
1.50 m. 2x - 138 + 138 = 102 + 138
2x = 240
10. A desk is being sold at a 36% discount. The Divide both sides by 2:
sale price is $496. What was its original price? x = 240 / 2
x = 120
Therefore, the number the student chose was 120.
$650
13. The original price of a shirt was $20. It was
$575
decreased to $15 . What is the percent
decrease of the price of the shirt?
$775

$800 30%

Step 1: 20%
Let the original price be = x
Discount rate = 36% 45%
Step 2:
Discount = 36% of x = 0.36 × x = 0.36x 25%
Sale price = Original price − Discount = x − 0.36x = The absolute decrease is:
0.64x 20 - 15 = $5
Step 3: The percent decrease is the absolute decrease divided
Sale price = $496 = 0.64x by the original price (part/whole).
Solving for x percent decease = 5 / 20 = 0.25
x = ⁴⁹⁶/₀.₆₄= $775 Multiply and divide 0.25 to obtain percent.
So, original price = $775 percent decease = 0.25 = 0.25 * 100 / 100 = 25 / 100
= 25%
11. Maria is retired and withdraws money from
her retirement account. But a tax of 20% is
automatically withheld. If she needs $1200,
how much must she actually request?
14. Mr. Jones sold two pipes at $1.20 each.
Based on the cost, his profit one was 20% and
$1,800 his loss on the other was 20%. On the sale of
the pipes, he:
$1,450

$1,500 gained 4 cents

$1,650 broke even

 WORD PROBLEMS

lost 4 cents 30 minutes

lost 10 cents 45 minutes

Solution:
Selling price of the first pipe = $1.20 Peter can mow 1/40 of the lawn per minute. John can
Profit = 20% mow 1/60 of the lawn per minute. Together, they can
Let’s try to find the cost price of the first pipe mow 1/40 + 1/60 = 5/120 = 1/24 of the lawn per
CP = Selling price - Profit minute. Therefore, it will take them 24 minutes to mow
CP = 1.20 - 20% of CP the lawn together.
CP = 1.20 - 0.20CP Here is a step-by-step solution:
CP + 0.20CP = 1.20 1. Find Peter's rate of mowing the lawn.
1.20CP = 1.20 Peter's rate = 1 / Peter's time = 1 / 40 minutes
CP = 1.20/1.20
CP = $ 1 1. Find John's rate of mowing the lawn.
Selling price of the Second pipe = $1.20 John's rate = 1 / John's time = 1 / 60 minutes
Loss = 20% 1. Find the combined rate of Peter and John.
Let’s try to find the cost price of the second pipe Combined rate = Peter's rate + John's rate = 1 / 40
CP = Selling price + Loss minutes + 1 / 60 minutes = 5 / 120 minutes = 1 / 24
CP = 1.20 + 20% of CP minutes
CP = 1.20 + 0.20CP 1. Find the time it takes for them to mow the lawn
CP - 0.20CP = 1.20 together.
0.80CP = 1.20 Time = 1 / Combined rate = 1 / (1 / 24 minutes) = 24
CP = 1.20/0.80 minutes
CP = $1.50 Therefore, it will take Peter and John 24 minutes to
mow the lawn together.
Therefore, total cost price of the two pipes = $1.00 +
$1.50 = $2.50 17. While covering a distance or 24 km, a man
And total selling price of the two pipes = $1.20 + noticed that after walking for 1 hour and 40
$1.20 = $2.40 minutes, the distance covered by him was 5/7
Loss = $2.50 – $2.40 = $0.10 of the remaining distance. What was his speed
Therefore, Mr. Jones loss 10 cents. in m/s?
15. Five out of every seven households have
cable TV. If 42,000 households in a certain city 1.66
have a TV, how many do not have cable TV?
1.12
12,000 1.33
16,000 1.21
Let us take the distance traveled till now as d
14,500 So, d= 5/7 * (24-d)
which gives d=10 km = 10000 m
13,000
The given ratio is 5 cable TV/ 7 households.
equation: 5 cable TV = x cable TV 1hr40min = 100*60 seconds
7 household 42000 household
solve: 5(42000) = 7x s=d/t = 10000/100*60 = 1.66
30000 = x
In the proportion the variable represents how many
have cable TV. However, the question asks how many 18. A recipe calls for 2 eggs for every 5 cups of
do not have cable TV. Do not assume that once you flour. A local chef will use 35 cups of flour, how
solve the equation you have answered the question. many eggs must he have?
Total household with TV - have cable = do not have
cable 15
42000 - 30000 = 12000
Out of the 42,000 households that have a TV, 12000 14
do not have cable TV.
18

16. Peter can mow the lawn in 40 minutes and 17

John can mow the lawn in 60 minutes. How The given ratio is 2 eggs/ 5 cups.
long will it take for them to mow the lawn equation: 2 eggs = x eggs
together? 5 cups 35 cups
solve: 2(35) = 5x
14 = x
24 minutes The chef will need 14 eggs.

34 minutes
 WORD PROBLEMS

19. Which of the following is equal to 85 the hour. How long must he wait for the next
percent of 160? train?

188 24 minutes

136 50 minutes

1.88 48 minutes

13,600 12 minutes
Leonard arrives at 14:12 + 12 minutes = 14:24.
85% of 160 The next train leaves at 15:12.
0.85 X 1600.85 X 160 = 136 So, Leonard must wait for 15:12 - 14:24 = 48 minutes.
Answer is 136 Therefore, Leonard must wait for 48 minutes for the
next train.
20. The amount of paper recycled is directly
proportional to the number of trees that 23. A computer software retailer used a
recycling saves. If recycling 2,000 pounds of markup rate of 40%. Find the selling price of a
paper saves 17 trees, how many trees are computer game that cost the retailer $25.
saved when 5,000 pounds of paper are
recycled?
$35

45.5 $45

42.5 $80

35 $70

45 The markup is 40% of the $25 cost, so the markup is:

(0.40)(25) = 10
21. A train travels from Station A to Station B Then the selling price, being the cost plus markup, is:
at a speed of 80 km/h and returns to Station A 25 + 10 = 35
at a speed of 100 km/h. If the distance between Answer= $35
the two stations is 240 km, what is the average
speed for the whole journey? 24. What is the marked price of a pair of shoes
which was discounted ₱350 at 35% discount?

94 km/h
₱2,000
90 km/h
₱3,000
88 km/h
₱3,500
92 km/h
To find the average speed, we use the formula: ₱1,000
Average speed = Total distance / Total time. 350/ 0.35 = 1,000

Let's first find the total time taken for the whole
journey: 25. Red and green dragons live in a cave. Every
Time taken to travel from A to B = Distance / Speed = red dragon has 6 heads, 8 legs, and 2 tails.
240 km / 80 km/h = 3 hours. Every green dragon has 8 heads, 6 legs, and 4
Time taken to return from B to A = Distance / Speed = tails. There are 44 tails altogether, and there
240 km / 100 km/h = 2.4 hours. are 6 less green legs than red heads. How
Now, the total time for the whole journey is the sum of many red dragons live in the cave?
the two one-way trips:
Total time = 3 hours + 2.4 hours = 5.4 hours.
6
Next, we can calculate the total distance traveled
during the whole journey:
8
Total distance = 240 km + 240 km = 480 km.
Now, let's find the average speed:
9
Average speed = Total distance / Total time = 480
km / 5.4 hours ≈ 88.89 km/h (rounded to 2 decimal
7
places).
The correct answer is 88 km/h. Let us use: R = number of red dragons, and G =
number of green dragons.
22. Leonard arrives 12 minutes too late for the Every red dragon has 2 tails, and every green dragon
14:12 train from Quezon City to Pasay City. has 4 tails, so the total number of tails is:
This train runs every hour at 12 minutes past Tails = 2R + 4G = 44
There are 6 less green legs than red heads. So: "green
legs" = "red heads" - 6
 WORD PROBLEMS

Since every green dragon has 6 legs, and every red

dragon has 6 heads: 6G = 6R - 6 80%
Divide each term by 6: G = R - 1 1,000,000 - 800,000 = 200,000
Now we can put "G = R - 1" into our tails formula from 200,000/1,000,000 = 0.2 or 20%
above:
Tails = 2R + 4(R - 1) = 44 29. Jones covered a distance of 50 miles on his
Now expand "4(R - 1)": 2R + 4R - 4 = 44 first trip. On a later trip he traveled 300 miles
Simplify: 6R - 4 = 44 while going three times as fast. His new time
Simplify: 6R = 44 + 4 compared with the old time was:
Simplify: 6R = 48
Simplify: R = 48/6 = 8
So, there are 8 red dragons twice as much

26. In two types of stainless steel, the ratio of the same

chromium and steel are 2 :11 and 5 : 21
respectively. In what proportion should the two three times as much
types be mixed so that the ratio of chromium
to steel in the mixed type becomes 7 : 32? half as much

1:3 30. Two kinds of Vodka are mixed in the ratio

1:2 and 2:1 and they are sold fetching the
1:2 profit 10% and 20% respectively. If the vodkas
are mixed in equal ratio and the individual
2:3 profit percent on them are increased by 4/3
and 5/3 times respectively, then the mixture
3:4 will fetch the profit of:

Given:
Let the alloys be mixed in the ratio of x:y 20%
(Assumption)
In 1st alloy, chromium = 132x 21%
In 1st alloy, steel = 1311x
In 2nd alloy, chromium = 265y 18%
In 2nd alloy, steel = 2621y
The ratio in which 2 alloys must be mixed to get a Cannot be determined
new alloy with a ratio of chromium and steel The profit on the first kind of vodka = x%;
be 7:32 =? The profit on the second kind of vodka = y%.
Now we have,
(132x+265y):(1311x+2621y)=7:32 When they are mixed in the ratio 1:2 (total of 3 parts)
⟹(1311x+2621y)(132x+265y)=327 the average profit is 10%: (x + 2y)/3 = 10.
⟹22x+21y4x+5y=327 When they are mixed in the ratio 2:1 (total of 3 parts)
⟹128x+160y=154x+147y⟹154x−128x=160y−14 the average profit is 20%: (2x + y)/3 = 20.
7y⟹26x=13y⟹yx=2613
∴x:y=1:2 Solving gives: x = 30% and y = 0%.
Therefore the ratio is 1:2
After the individual profit percent on them are
27. Five bananas weigh as much as 3 star increased by 4/3 and 5/3 times respectively the profit
apples. In this rate, how many star apples will becomes 40% and 0%, on the first and te second kinds
weigh as much as 45 bananas? of vodka, respectively.

If they are mixed in equal ratio (1:1), then the mixture

27 will fetch the profit of (40 + 0)/2 = 20%.

31 Answer: 20%
29

28

28. Arianne decided to sell her 3-year old car at

₱800,000. if she bought it at ₱1,000,000, what
is the rate of its depreciation?

10%

20%

35%