Database Management Systems (DBMS)

1. Which of the following is not a type of DBMS?

a) Hierarchical DBMS

b) Relational DBMS

c) NoSQL DBMS

d) Sequential DBMS

2. Which component of DBMS ensures data integrity?

a) Query Processor

b) Database Administrator

c) Data Integrity Constraints

d) Transaction Manager

3. What does SQL stand for?

a) Structured Query Language

b) Simple Query Language

c) Sequential Query Language

d) Structured Query Leverage

4. Which of the following is not a data model?

a) RDMS

b) Hierarchical Model

c) Relational Model

d) Object-Oriented Model
5. In a relational database, a row is also known as a:

a) Tuple

b) Field

c) Record

d) Both a and c

6. Which normal form deals with partial dependencies?

a) First Normal Form (1NF)

b) Second Normal Form (2NF)

c) Third Normal Form (3NF)

d) Fourth Normal Form (4NF)

7. Which of the following is not a type of join in SQL?

a) INNER JOIN

b) LEFT JOIN

c) RIGHT JOIN

d) DIAGONAL JOIN

8. Which statement is used to remove a table from the database in SQL?

a) DELETE TABLE

b) REMOVE TABLE

c) DROP TABLE

d) ERASE TABLE

9. Which SQL command is used to retrieve data from a database?

b) UPDATE

c) INSERT

d) ALL OF THE ABOVE

10. What does ACID stand for in database transactions?

a) Atomicity, Complexity, Isolation, Durability

b) Atomicity, Consistency, Independence, Durability

c) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

d) Aggregation, Complexity, Isolation, Durability

11. Which of the following is not a benefit of normalization in DBMS?

a) Reducing data redundancy

b) Increasing data redundancy

c) Ensuring data consistency

d) Improving data integrity

12. Which type of indexing technique is commonly used in a relational database?

a) B-tree

b) Hashing

c) Binary Search Tree

d) AVL Tree

13. Which SQL keyword is used to add data to a table?

a) APPEND

b) UPDATE
 c) INSERT

d) ADD

14. Which type of relationship between tables is represented by a foreign key?

a) One-to-one

b) One-to-many

c) Many-to-many

d) Many-to-one

15. Which SQL clause is used to filter records based on a specified condition?

a) SORT

b) GROUP BY

c) ORDER BY

d) WHERE

16. What does DBMS stand for?

a) Database Manipulation System

b) Digital Base Management System

c) Database Management System

d) Data-Based Management System

17. Which of the following is not a type of SQL constraint?

a) CHECK

b) COUNT

c) UNIQUE

d) PRIMARY KEY
18. Which SQL function is used to return the number of rows in a table?

a) AVG()

b) SUM()

c) COUNT()

d) All of the above

19. Which of the following is not a valid data type in SQL?

a) VARCHAR

b) BOOLEAN

c) INTEGER

d) DATE

20. Which SQL command is used to make permanent changes to the database?

a) COMMIT

b) ALTER

c) ROLLBACK

d) SAVEPOINT

21. Which normal form ensures that there are no transitive dependencies?

a) First Normal Form (1NF)

b) Second Normal Form (2NF)

c) Third Normal Form (3NF)

d) Fourth Normal Form (4NF)

22. Which SQL operator is used to combine the results of two or more SELECT statements?
 a) INTERSECT

b) UNION

c) MINUS

d) ALL OF THE ABOVE

23. What is the purpose of the COMMIT statement in SQL?

a) To rollback a transaction

b) To save changes made by a transaction

c) To begin a transaction

d) To end a transaction and save changes

24. Which SQL command is used to change the structure of an existing table?

a) ALTER TABLE

b) MODIFY TABLE

c) UPDATE TABLE

d) CHANGE TABLE

25. Which of the following is not a valid SQL aggregate function?

a) MAX()

b) MIN()

c) AVGALL()

d) SUM()

26. Which SQL keyword is used to retrieve distinct rows in the result set?

a) DISTINCT

b) UNIQUE
 c) SELECT DISTINCT

d) DISTINCT ROWS

27. Which of the following is not a property of a transaction in DBMS?

a) Atomicity

b) Consistency

c) Independence

d) Redundancy

28. Which of the following is not a type of lock used in DBMS for concurrency control?

a) Shared lock

b) Exclusive lock

c) Update lock

d) Read lock

29. Which of the following statements is true about a view in a database?

a) Views are physical copies of tables

b) Views are virtual tables based on the result of a SELECT query

c) Views cannot contain any data

d) Views cannot be modified once created

30. Which SQL command is used to delete records from a table based on a condition?

a) REMOVE

b) DELETE

c) ERASE

d) TRUNCATE
31. Which normal form eliminates repeating groups by putting them into separate tables?

a) First Normal Form (1NF)

b) Second Normal Form (2NF)

c) Third Normal Form (3NF)

d) Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)

32. Which SQL clause is used to sort the result set based on specified columns?

a) ARRANGE BY

b) GROUP BY

c) ORDER BY

d) SORT BY

33. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a relational database?

a) Hierarchical structure

b) Tables

c) Relationships

d) Integrity constraints

34. Which SQL command is used to revoke privileges from a user in a database?

a) REVOKE

b) DENY

c) REMOVE

d) DECLINE

35. Which of the following is not a type of database model?

a. Relational
 b. Hierarchical

c. Network

d. Sequential

e. Object-oriented

36. Which DBMS component is responsible for managing data access and enforcing data
integrity?

a. Query Processor

b. Data Dictionary

c. Storage Manager

d. Database Administrator

e. Transaction Manager

37. Which normalization form ensures that each non-key attribute is fully functionally
dependent on the primary key?

a. First Normal Form (1NF)

b. Second Normal Form (2NF)

c. Third Normal Form (3NF)

d. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)

e. Fourth Normal Form (4NF)

38. What is the purpose of a primary key in a database table?

A. To uniquely identify each row in the table

B. To store the most important data in the table

C. To enforce referential integrity

D. To link multiple tables together

E. All of the above

A. Inner Join

B. Outer Join

C. Left Join

D. Right Join

E. Cross Join

40. What does the term “OLAP” stand for in the context of databases?

A. Online Logical Application Processing

B. Operational Link Analysis Protocol

C. Online Analytical Processing

D. Object-Level Application Programming

E. Operational Layered Access Protocol