INDEX

SL.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO.

Programme Educational Objectives &

1. 1
Programme Outcomes

2. Department Vision & Mission 2

3. Lab Objectives 3

4. Lab Outcomes 3

5. Evaluation Criteria 3

6. Introduction about Lab 4

7. Guidelines to Students 5

8. List of Experiments 6

9. Experiments with Solutions 7-81

 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

1. PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs)

PEO 1: Produce industry ready graduates having the ability to apply academic knowledge across the
disciplines and in emerging areas of Information Technology for higher studies, research,
employability, product development and handle the realistic problems.
PEO 2: Graduates will have good communication skills, possess ethical conduct, sense of
responsibility to serve the society and protect the environment.
PEO 3: Graduates will have excellence in soft skills, managerial skills, leadership qualities and
understand the need for lifelong learning for a successful professional career.

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs)

Engineering Graduates will be able to:
1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics,
natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate
consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities
with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to
the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need
for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms
of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive
clear instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and
leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

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 PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)
1. Ability to design, develop, test and debug software applications, evaluate and recognize potential
risks and provide innovative solutions.

2. Explore technical knowledge in diverse areas of Information Technology for upliftment of

society, successful career, entrepreneurship and higher studies.

2. VISION OF THE DEPARTMENT

To be a premier Information Technology department in the region by providing high quality

education.

MISSION OF THE DEPARTMENT

● Nurture young individuals into knowledgeable, skillful and ethical professionals in their
pursuit of Information Technology.
● Transform the students through excellent teaching learning process and sustain high
performance by innovations.
● Extensive partnerships and collaborations with foreign universities.
● Develop industry-interaction for innovation and product development.

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5. Evaluation Criteria
For practical subjects, there shall be a Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) during the semester
for 30 internal marks and 70 marks are assigned for Lab/Practical End Semester Examination (SEE).
Out of the 30 marks for internals, day-to-day work in the laboratory shall be evaluated for 10 marks
towards lab report, 10 marks for conduct of experiments and results, 5 marks for viva-voce will make
as one set of marks secured in CIE of lab session. The average of 10 best set of marks secured by
student out of total lab sessions held. Besides, 5 marks towards the final % of attendance of lab
sessions attended by the student in that practical subject.
5.1 Allocation of Internal Marks
Total marks for lab internal are 30 marks.
Marks distribution is as follows
Lab Report 10 marks
Experiment setup/
10 marks
Program Writing and Execution
Vivavoce 5 marks
% of Attendance 5 marks

5.2 Allocation of External Marks

Total marks for lab External are 70 marks.

Marks distribution is as follows.
Program Writeup 30 marks
Execution and Result 20 marks
Vivavoce 10 marks
Record 10marks

6. Introduction about Lab

There are 30 systems installed in this lab. Their configurations are as follows:
 All systems are configured in single mode i.e., Students can boot from Windows XP or Linux
as per their lab requirement. This is very useful for students because they are familiar with
different operating systems so that they can execute their programs in different programming
environments.
 Software installed: windows operating systems and Linux operating systems and application
software’s like Microsoft office, as per the lab requirements.
 Systems are provided for students in the 1:1 ratio.
 Systems are assigned numbers and same system is allotted for students when they do the lab.

i) Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

a) Explanation about the experiment by the concerned faculty using PPT
covering the following aspects:
1) Name of the experiment/Aim

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 2) Software/Hardware required
3) Commands with suitable options
4) Test Data
1) Valid data sets
2) Limiting value sets
3) Invalid data sets
b) Writing of shell programs by the students
c) Compiling and execution of the program

ii) Writeup in the Observation Book

Observation book format is as follows:

a) Name of the Experiment/Aim

b) Software/Hardware required
c) Commands with suitable options
d) Test Data
1. Valid Data Sets
2. Limiting Value Sets
3. Invalid Data Sets
e) Results for Different Data Sets
f) Viva voice Question and Answers
g) Errors Observed during Compilation and Execution
h) Signature of the Faculty

7. Guidelines to the Students

a) Disciplinary to be maintained by the students

 Students are asked to carry their lab observation book and record book.
 Students must use the equipments with care, any damage caused to the equipment by
the student is punishable.
 Students are not allowed to use their cell phones/pendrives/CDs.
 Student need to maintain proper dress code.
 Student are suppose to occupy the systems allotted to them.
 Students are not allowed to make noise in the lab.
 After completion of each experiment student need to update their observation notes and
same to be reflected in the record.
 Lab records needs to be submitted after completion of each experiment and get it
corrected with the concerned lab faculty.
 If a student is absent for any lab, he/she need to complete the experiment in the free
time before attending the next lab.

b) Steps to perform experiment

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  Students have to write the date, aim, software and hardware requirements for the
experiment in the observation book.
 Students have to listen and understand the experiment explained by the faculty and note
down the important points in the observation book.
 Students need to write procedure/algorithm in the observation book.
 Student must analyze and develop/implement the logic of the program in the respective
platform.
 After successful execution the results need to be shown to the faculty, and the same
must be noted in the observation followed by viva voice.

c) Instructions to maintain the record

 Weekly updation of the record is a must before the commencement of the next lab
session.
 Incase the record is lost the student must write all the experiments and inform the same
to the respective faculty.
 Records must be submitted in time, if not their evaluation marks will be deducted.

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8. List of Experiments
IT WORKSHOP
(Common to IT, CSE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (IOT), CSE (CS), CSE (DS), AI&DS Branches)
COURSE OBJECTIVES
The IT Workshop for engineers is a training lab course spread over 60 hours. The
modules include training on PC Hardware, Internet & World Wide Web and Productivity tools
including Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Publisher.

COURSE OUTCOMES
● Perform Hardware troubleshooting
● Understand Hardware components and inter dependencies
● Safeguard computer systems from viruses/worms
● Document/ Presentation preparation
● Perform calculations using spreadsheets

1. PC Hardware
Task 1: Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw
the block diagram of the CPU along with the configuration of each peripheral and submit to
your instructor.

Task 2: Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to working condition.
Lab instructors should verify the work and follow it up with a Viva. Also students need to go
through the video which shows the process of assembling a PC. A video would be given as
part of the course content.

Task 3: Every student should individually install MS windows on the personal computer. Lab
instructor should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva.

Task 4: Every student should install Linux on the computer. This computer should have
windows installed. The system should be configured as dual boot with both Windows and
Linux. Lab instructors should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva

2. Internet & World Wide Web

Task1: Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp: Students should get connected to their Local
Area Network and access the Internet. In the process they configure the TCP/IP setting.
Finally students should demonstrate, to the instructor, how to access the websites and email.
If there is no internet connectivity preparations need to be made by the instructors to simulate
the WWW on the LAN.

Task 2: Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the
LAN proxy settings, bookmarks, search toolbars and pop up blockers. Also, plug-ins like
Macromedia Flash and JRE for applets should be configured.

Task 3: Search Engines & Netiquette: Students should know what search engines are and
how to use the search engines. A few topics would be given to the students for which they
need to search on Google. This should be demonstrated to the instructors by the student.

Task 4: Cyber Hygiene: Students would be exposed to the various threats on the internet and
would be asked to configure their computer to be safe on the internet. They need to
customize their browsers to block pop ups, block active x downloads to avoid viruses and/or

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worms.

3. LaTeX and WORD

Task 1 - Word Orientation: The mentor needs to give an overview of LaTeX and Microsoft
(MS) office or equivalent (FOSS) tool word: Importance of LaTeX and MS office or equivalent
(FOSS) tool Word as word Processors, Details of the four tasks and features that would be
covered in each, Using LaTeX and word - Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files, Using
help and resources, rulers, format painter in word.

Task 2: Using LaTeX and Word to create a project certificate. Features to be covered:-
Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing,
Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in both LaTeX
and Word.

Task 3: Creating project abstract Features to be covered - Formatting Styles, Inserting table,
Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink,
Symbols, Spell Check, Track Changes.

Task 4: Creating a Newsletter: Features to be covered:- Table of Content, Newspaper

columns, Images from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images,
Textboxes, Paragraphs and Mail Merge in word.

4. Excel
Excel Orientation: The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS office or equivalent (FOSS)
tool Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, give the details of the four tasks and features that would be
covered in each. Using Excel - Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving excel files, Using help
and resources.

Task 1: Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered: Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto fill,
Formatting Text

Task 2: Calculating GPA - Features to be covered:- Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel - average,
standard deviation, Charts, Renaming and Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count function
Task 3: Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and logical operators,
Conditional formatting

5. Powerpoint
Task 1: Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them
create basic powerpoint presentations. PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, Word
Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows in PowerPoint.

Task 2: Interactive presentations - Hyperlinks, Inserting - Images, Clip Art, Audio, Video,
Objects, Tables and Charts.

Task 3: Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views (basic, presentation, slide
slotter, notes etc), and Inserting - Background, textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Comdex Information Technology course tool kit Vikas Gupta, WILEY Dreamtech.
2. The Complete Computer upgrade and repair book, 3rd Edition Cheryl A Schmidt,
WILEY Dreamtech.
3. Introduction to Information Technology, ITL Education Solutions limited, Pearson
Education.

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 4. PC Hardware - A Handbook - Kate J. Chase PHI (Microsoft).
5. LaTeX Companion - Leslie Lamport, PHI/Pearson.
6. IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software Companion Guide Third Edition by David
Anfinson and Ken Quamme, CISCO Press, Pearson Education.
7. IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software Labs and Study Guide Third Edition by
Patrick Regan - CISCO Press, Pearson Education.

Text Books:
1. Comdex Information Technology Course tool kit ‘Vikas Gupta, WILEY Dreamtech
2. Introduction to Computers- Peter Norton’s.

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 1. PC Hardware

Task 1: Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw
the block diagram of the CPU along with the configuration of each peripheral and submit to
your instructor.

AIM: To identify the peripherals of a computer.

Introduction to Computer Hardware:

Hardware is the physical appearance of the devices or tools. It is what which we can touch and feel.

Computer Hardware consists of the Monitor, CPU, Keyboard, Mouse and all other devices connected
to the computer either externally or internally.

The Mother Board

There are primarily two types of motherboards, AT motherboard, and ATX motherboard. AT mother
boards. The AT and ATX motherboards differ in the form factor. Full AT is 12" wide x 13.8" deep,
and Baby AT is 8.57" wide x 13.04" deep. Full-ATX is 12" wide x 9.6" deep and Mini-ATX is 11.2"
wide x 8.2" deep. Other major differences include power supply connector, and keyboard connector.
AT has 5-pin large keyboard connector, whereas ATX has 6-pin mini connector. Similarly, AT has
single row two connectors +/-5V, and +/-12V, whereas ATX motherboard has double row single
connector providing +/-5V, +/-12V, and +3.3V.
The important constituent components of an ATX Motherboard are given below:

1. USE & KEYBOARD

2. USB

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3. PARALLEL PORT
4. CPU CHIP
5. RAM SLOTS
6. FLOPPY CONTROLLER
7. IDE CONTROLLER
8. PCI SLOTISA SLOT
9. CMOS BATTERY
10. AGP SLOT
11. CPU SLOT
12. POWER SUPPLY PLUG IN

1. Mouse & keyboard:

Keyboard Connectors are two types basically. All PCs have a Key board port connected
directly to the motherboard. The AT-style keyboard connector is quickly disappearing, being replaced
by the smaller mini DIN PS/2-style keyboard connector.

2. USB (Universal serial bus):

USB is the General-purpose connection for PC. You can find USB versions of many different
devices, such as mice, keyboards, scanners, cameras, and even printers. a USB connector's
distinctive rectangular shape makes it easily recognizable. USB has a number of features that makes
it particularly popular on PCs. First, USB devices are hot swappable. You can insert or remove them
without restarting your system.

3. Parallel port:
Most printers use a special connector called a parallel port. Parallel port carry data on more
than one wire, as opposed to the serial port, which uses only one wire. Parallel ports use a 25-pin
female DB connector. Parallel ports are directly supported by the motherboard through a direct
connection or through a dangle.

4. CPU Chip:
The central processing unit, also called the microprocessor performs all the calculations that
take place inside a pc. CPUs come in Variety of shapes and sizes. Modern CPUs generate a lot of
heat and thus require a cooling fan or heat sink. The cooling device (such as a cooling fan) is
removable, although some CPU manufactures sell the CPU with a fan permanently attached.

5. RAM slots:

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 Random-Access Memory (RAM) stores programs and data currently being used by the CPU. RAM
is measured in units called bytes. RAM has been packaged in many different ways. The most current
package is called a 168-pin DIMM (Dual Inline Memory module).
6. Floppy controller:
The floppy drive connects to the computer via a 34-pin ribbon cable, which in turn connects to
the motherboard. A floppy controller is one that is used to control the floppy drive.
7. IDE controller:
Industry standards define two common types of hard drives: EIDE and SCSI. Majority of the
PCs use EIDE drives. SCSI drives show up in high end PCs such as network servers or graphical
workstations. The EIDE drive connects to the hard drive via a 2-inch-wide, 40-pin ribbon cable,
which in turn connects to the motherboard. IDE controller is responsible for controlling the hard
drive.
8. PCI slot:
Intel introduced the Peripheral component interconnect bus protocol. The PCI bus is used to
connect I/O devices (such as NIC or RAID controllers) to the main logic of the computer. PCI bus
has replaced the ISA bus.

9. ISA slot (Industry Standard Architecture):

It is the standard architecture of the Expansion bus. Motherboard may contain some slots to
connect ISA compatible cards.

10. CMOS Battery:

To provide CMOS with the power when the computer is turned off all motherboards comes
with a battery. These batteries mount on the motherboard in one of three ways: the obsolete
external battery, the most common onboard battery, and built-in battery.
11. AGP slot:
If you have a modern motherboard, you will almost certainly notice a single connector that
looks like a PCI slot, but is slightly shorter and usually brown. You also probably have a video
card inserted into this slot. This is an Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) slot

12. CPU slot:

To install the CPU, just slide it straight down into the slot. Special notches in the slot make it
impossible to install them incorrectly. So remember if it does not go easily, it is probably not correct.
Be sure to plug in the CPU fan's power.

13. Power supply plug in:

The Power supply, as its name implies, provides the necessary electrical power to make the
pc operate. The power supply takes standard 110-V AC power and converts into +/-12-Volt, +/-5-
Volt, and 3.3-Volt DC power.

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** CPU (Processor):-

The central processing unit (CPU, occasionally central processor unit) is the hardware within a
computer system which carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic
arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of the system.

 The Central Processing Unit takes the input data from the input devices and processes it
according to the set of instructions.
 After that generate the output and sends the output to the output devices.

The CPU is composed three parts

i. ALU: Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) is used to do the arithmetic

operations on data byadding, subtracting, dividing, multiplying and
incrementing and decrementing.

 It is also used for Logical operations like AND, OR, NOT and X-OR.

ii. CU: Control unit is mainly used for generating the electronic control &
timing signals forprogram execution.

 It controls all the operations of the computer.

iii. Registers: CPU also possesses the memory to hold the data temporarily
during the executionof an instruction.

 These are small memory locations in CPU.

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INANEEL K, 03-11- 4

Fig: Block Diagram of Computer

 SMPS (Switched mode Power Supply):

A switched-mode power supply (switching-mode power supply, SMPS, or switcher) is an
electronic power supply that incorporates a switching regulator to convert electrical power
efficiently.

Cabinet:
A computer cabinet is an enclosure with fitted, fixed or removable side panels and doors. The cabinet
contains a computer rack for mounting computers or other electronic equipment.

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CPU heat Sink and fan
A computer fan is any fan inside, or attached to, a computer case used for active cooling,
and may refer to fans that draw cooler air into the case from the outside, expel warm air
from inside, or move air across a heat sink to cool a particular component.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

RAM (random access memory) is the place in a computer where the operating system,
application programs, and data in current use are kept so that they can be quickly reached by the
computer's processor. RAM is much faster to read from and write to than the other kinds of
storage in a computer, the hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM. However, the data in RAM
stays there only as long as your computer is running. When you turn the computer off, RAM
loses its data. When you turn your computer on again, your operating system and other files are
once again loaded into RAM, usually from your hard disk.

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HDD (Hard Disk Drive)

The hard disk is housed inside the hard drive, which reads and writes data to the disk. The
hard drive also transmits data back and forth between the CPU and the disk.

FDD (Floppy Disk Drive)

CD-ROM Drive

CD Writer
A CDROM (compact disk read-only memory), also written as CD-ROM, is a type of optical storage
media that allows data to be written to it only once.

15
Different Screws Used

AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) Card

Stands for "Accelerated Graphics Port." AGP is a type of expansion slot designed
specifically for graphics cards.

LAN (Local Area Network) card

A network interface card (NIC) is a computer circuit board or card that is installed in a
computer so that it can be connected to a network. Personal computers and workstations on a local
area network (LAN) typically contain a network interface card specifically designed for the LAN
transmission technology, such as Ethernet or token ring.

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Task 2: Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to working condition.

Parts of Computer System

The computer system is made up of following external devices:
 CPU Cabinet
 Monitor
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Printer/scanner [if attached]

Switch off the power supply and detach power cable

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 Remove The CPU Cabinet Cover

Detach Internal Cables

Un-install internal cards

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 Remove CD/DVD drives

Remove Hard Disk Drive

Remove RAM

Disassembling the computer system

1. Detach the power cable:
The disassembling of the computer system starts with externally connected device detachment.
Make sure the computer system is turned off, if not then successfully shut down the system and then
start detaching the external devices from the computer system. It includes removing the power cable

19
 from electricity switchboard, then remove the cable from SMPS (switch mode power supply) from the
back of the CPU Cabinet. Do not start the disassembling without detaching the power cable from the
computer system. Now remove the remaining external devices like keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer or
scanner from the back of CPU cabinet.
2. Remove the Cover:
The standard way of removing tower cases used to be to undo the screws on the back of the case, slide the
cover back about an inch and lift it off. The screwdrivers as per the type of screw are required to do the
task.
3. Remove the adapter cards:
Make sure if the card has any cables or wires that might be attached and decide if it would be easier
to remove them before or after you remove the card. Remove the screw if any, that holds the card in
place. Grab the card by its edges, front and back, and gently rock it lengthwise to release it.
4. Remove the drives:
Removing drives is easier. There can be possibly three types of drives present in your computer
system, Hard disk drive, CD/DVD/Blue-ray drives, floppy disk drives (almost absolute now a day).
They usually have a power connector and a data cable attached from the device to a controller card
or a connector on the motherboard. CD/DVD/Blue Ray drive may have an analog cable connected to
the sound card for direct audio output.
The power may be attached using one of two connectors, a Molex connector or a Berg connector for
the drive. The Molex connector may require to be wiggled slightly from side to side and apply gentle
pressure outwards. The Berg connector may just pull out or it may have a small tab which has to be
lifted with a screwdriver.
Now Pull data cables off from the drive as well as motherboard connector. The hard disk drive and
CD/DVD drives have two types of data cables. IDE and SATA cables. The IDE cables need better
care while being removed as it may cause the damage to drive connector pins. Gently wiggle the
cable sideways and remove it. The SATA cables can be removed easily by pressing the tab and
pulling the connector straight back.
Now remove the screws and slide the drive out the back of the bay.
5. Remove the memory module:
Memory modules are mounted on the motherboard as the chips that can be damaged by manual force
if applied improperly. Be careful and handle the chip only by the edges. SIMMs and DIMMs are
removed in a different way:
 SIMM - gently push back the metal tabs while holding the SIMM chips in the socket. Tilt the SIMM
chip away from the tabs until a 45% angle. It will now lift out of the socket. Put SIMM in a safe
place.
 DIMM- There are plastic tabs on the end of the DIMM sockets. Press the tabs down and away from
the socket. The DIMM will lift slightly. Now grab it by the edges and place it safely. Do not let the
chips get dust at all.

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 Remove processor

Remove the motherboard | Source

Remove the power supply:
The power supply is attached into tower cabinet at the top back end of the tower. Make sure the power
connector is detached from the switchboard. Start removing the power connector connected to
motherboard including CPU fan power connector, cabinet fan, the front panel of cabinet power buttons
and all the remaining drives if not detached yet.
Now remove the screws of SMPS from the back of the cabinet and the SMPS can be detached from the
tower cabinet.
6. Remove the motherboard:
Before removing all the connectors from the motherboard, make sure u memorize the connectors for
assembling the computer if required, as that may require connecting the connectors at its place. Remove
the screws from the back of the motherboard and you will be able to detach it from the cabinet. Now
remove the CPU fan from the motherboard. The heat sink will be visible now which can be removed by
the pulling the tab upward. Finally, the processor is visible now, which can be removed by the plastic
tab which can be pulled back one stretching it side way.

Assembling the computer system

The assembling of the computer system is exactly the opposite of disassembling operation. Before
starting assembling the computer system, make sure you have the screws and a screwdriver for those.
The first step for assembling the computer system starts with mounting the processor on the processor
socket of the motherboard. To mount the process, you don't need to apply any force. The special ZIF

21
(zero insertion force) sockets are usually used to prevent any damage to the processor pins. Once the
processor is mounted, the heat sink will be attached on top of the processor. The CPU fan is also
attached on top of the heat sink.
Now the motherboard is to be fixed vertically in the tower case and the screws are fixed from behind of
the motherboard.
Now line up the power supply at the top back end of the cabinet and screw it. The power connectors for
motherboard power supply and CPU fan power supply are to be connected. If the cabinet cooling FAN
is required then it is to be screwed at the back end grill of the cabinet and its power connector is to be
connected from SMPS.
Install the CD/DVD drives at the top front end of the cabinet and screw it. Install the Hard disk drive
and floppy disk drive below CD/DVD drive and screw it. Make sure once screwed there is no vibration
in either of the CD/DVD, Hard disk or Floppy disk drives.
Now select the appropriate data cable and connect one end of the cable to its drive socket and another
end at its appropriate connector on the motherboard. For SATA hard disk drive or CD/DVD drives use
SATA cable and its power cable, else use IDE data cable. Do the proper jumper settings as per the
usage requirement.
It is time now to mount the memory modules on the motherboard by aligning the RAM to its socket on
the motherboard and press it downward. Make sure the side tab are fixed into the RAM notch. If not,
you may still have to press a bit.
Install the internal cards to its socket and attach the cables or power cable to it. The selection of right
socket or slot is required as per the type of socket.
Cover the tower by placing it and pressing towards front side and screw it.
Connect the external devices with CPU at its appropriate socket. It includes mouse and keyboard at PS2
or USB connectors. Monitor at the video output socket. Connect the power cable to the back of tower in
SMPS. Plug in the power cable to the electric board.

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 Task 3: Every student should individually install MS windows on the personal computer.

AIM: To install Windows XP

PROCEDURE:

1. Keep on press the delete button and go to advanced BIOS feature.[ BIOS- Basic
Input Output System ]
2. And go to boot sequence. Select first boot drivers. CD ROM and press F10 to save the bios
feature. Yes and then enter. Press any key to boot from CD. Press enter to setup windows XP.
3. F8 = To agree the license.

4. Press ESC to don’t repair the windows XP setup.

5. Press ‘p’ to delete the previous partitions. Then press enter.
6. Press ‘L’ to delete the partition.
7. Press ‘C’ to create the partition in the un partition space.
8. Press enter to setup windows XP on the selected items. BASIC FILE SYSTEMS:
FAT: File Allocation Table.

NTFS: New Technology File System.

Format using NTFS partition

BASIC STEPS IN INSTALLATION:-

 Collecting information.

 Dynamic update.

 Preparing installation

 Installing windows.

 Tracking installation.

 Select the language as English (United States), then press ok. Enter your name and
organization.
 Enter the product key.

 Enter the computer name and give password (if necessary) then ok. Then select the
date and time.
 Then select the typical setting.

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 Windows XP Installation process
Installing Windows XP can take up to two hours. To make the process more manageable, it has
been broken up into several sections. When you are ready, install Windows XP:

Part 1: Begin the installation

Part 2: Continue the
installation
Part 3: Complete the
installation

Part 1: Begin the installation

Insert the Windows XP CD into your computer and restart your computer.

If prompted to start from the CD, press SPACEBAR. If you miss the prompt (it only

appears for a few seconds), restart your computer to try again.

 Windows XP Setup begins. During this portion of setup, your mouse will not

work, so you must use the keyboard. On the Welcome to Setup page, press

ENTER.

 Windows XP Setup begins. During this portion of setup, your mouse will not work, so you

must use the Keyboard. On the Welcome to Setup page, press ENTER.

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 On the Windows XP Licensing Agreement page, read the licensing agreement. Press the
PAGE DOWN key to scroll to the bottom of the agreement. Then press F8.

25
 This page enables you to select the hard disk drive on which Windows XP will be installed.
Once you complete this step, all data on your hard disk drive will be removed and cannot be
recovered. It is extremely important that you have a recent backup copy of your files before
continuing. When you have a backup copy, press D, and then press L when prompted. This
deletes your existing data.

 Windows XP erases your hard disk drive using a process called formatting and then copies the
setup files. You can leave your computer and return in 20 to 30 minutes.

26
Part 2: Continue the installation
 Windows XP restarts and then continues with the installation process. From this point
forward, you can use your mouse. Eventually, the Regional and Language Options page
appears. Click Next to accept the default settings. If you are multilingual or prefer a language
other than English, you can change language settings after setup is complete.

 On the Personalize Your Software page, type your name and your organization name. Some
programs use this information to automatically fill in your name when required. Then, click
Next.

27
 On the Your Product Key page, type your product key as it appears on your Windows XP CD
case. The product key is unique for every Windows XP installation. Then, click next.

Part 3: Complete the installation

 Windows XP will spend 20 or 30 minutes configuring your computer and will

automatically restart when finished. When the Display Settings dialog appears, click OK.

On the Thank you! Page, click Finish.

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TASK 4: Every student should install Linux on the computer. This computer should have
windows installed. The system should be configured as dual boot with both windows and
Linux.
Linux Installing Steps:
Step 1: Download the .iso or the OS files onto your computer from this link
http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop.

Step 2) Burn the files to a CD.

Step 3) Boot your computer from the optical drive and follow the instructions as they come.

Download Ubuntu

Visit this link to download Ubuntu.

You can select 32/64-bit versions as per your choice.

PART C) Create a Machine in Virtual Box

Step-1) Open Virtual box and click on new button

29
Step-2) In next window, give the name of your OS which you are installing in virtual box. And
select OS like Linux and version as Ubuntu 32 bit. And click on next

Step-3) Now Allocate Ram Size To your Virtual OS. I recommended keeping 1024mb (1 GB) ram
to run Ubuntu better. And click on next.

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Step-4) Now To run OS in virtual box we have to create virtual hard disk, click on create a virtual
hard drive now and click on create button.

The virtual hard disk is where the OS installation files and data/applications you create/install in this
Ubuntu machine will reside

Step-5) select VHD (virtual hard disk) option and click on next.

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Step-6) Click on dynamic allocated and click on next. This means that the size of the disk will
increase dynamically as per requirement.

Step-7) Allocate memory to your virtual hard drive .8GB recommended. Click on create button.

32
Step-8) Now you can see the machine name in left panel

So a Machine (PC) with 8GB Hardisk, 1GB RAM is ready.

How to Install Ubuntu

Step 1) Select the Machine and Click on Start

33
Step 2) Select the Folder Option

Step 3) Select the Ubuntu iso file

34
Step 4) Click Start

Step-5) You have an option to Run Ubuntu WITHOUT installing. In this tutorial will install Ubuntu

35
Step-6) Click continue.

Step-7) Select option to erase the disk and install Ubuntu and click on install now. This option
installs Ubuntu into our virtual hard drive which is we made earlier. It will not harm your PC or
Windows installation

36
Step-8) Select your location for setting up time zone, and click on continue

Step-9) Select your keyboard layout, by default English (US) is selected but if you want to change
then, you can select in the list. And click on continue

37
Step-10) Select your username and password for your Ubuntu admin account. This information has
been needed for installing any software package into Ubuntu and also for login to your OS. Fill up
your details and tick on login automatically to ignore login attempt and click on continue

Step-11) Installation process starts. May take up to 30 minutes. Please wait until installation process
completes.

38
Step-12) After finishing the installation, you will see Ubuntu Desktop.

39
 2. Internet & World Wide Web

Task1: Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp: Connected to the Local Area Network and access
the Internet. Configure the TCP/IP setting.

CONNECTING LAN on PC

Note: Do not connect the LAN cable until instructed.

 On the PC, click Start, then Control Panel, then Network Connections
 Click Local Area Connection
 In the dialog box,, click on Properties
 Select Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) then click Properties

 Select Use the following IP address

 Enter an IP address and Subnet mask. For example:
 IP address: 141.121.74.0
 Subnet mask: 255.255.0.0

40
  Click OK
 Click Close
 Click Close

Task 2: Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the LAN
proxy settings, bookmarks, search toolbars and pop up blockers. Also, plug-ins like Macromedia
Flash and JRE for applets should be configured.

PURPOSE: To learn to surf the web

THEORY:

 Web browser provides the means to the searching and also helps to download the
web content.
 Web browsers support most of the famous Internet Protocols like HTTP,FTP.
 Common file formats a browser accepts are HTML
 Well known browsers natively support a variety of other formats in addition to
HTML such as JPEG,PNG,GIF image formats
 Different web browsers available in the market are:
 Silver Smith
 Mosaic
 Netscape

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  Mozilla
 Opera
 Lynx
 Safari
Bookmark:

Each web browser is built-in with the support of Internet Bookmarks which serve as a
named anchor – primarily to URLs. The primary purpose of this book mark is to easily
catalog and access web pages that the web browser user has visited or plans to visit,
without having to navigate the web to get there.

Pop-up Blockers:

Pop-ups are a form of online advertising on the WWW intended to attract the attention of
the users. These pop ups are hosted on the web sites which are frequently visited by the
netizens. These pop ups are activated when these web sites open a new web browser
window and there by displaying the advertisements.

Plug-ins:

A plug-in is a software component program that interacts with a main application to

provide a better integration of the media. The basic difference between application
programs and plug-ins is that multimedia files are launched in a separate window where
as in plug-ins multimedia play in the browser window.

Few famous plugins are:

 Apple Quick Time

 Macromedia flash
 Microsoft Media Player
 Adobe Shockwave
 Sun Micro systems
Java Applet
PROCEDURE:

LAN Proxy Settings:

 select tools menu in Internet Explorer

42
 Select Internet Options
 Select Connections
 You end up in two options
 Dial-up and virtual network settings
 LAN setting
 The selection at this step is dependent on the kind of connection you
are trying to configure. They are:

 Dial-up modem connection

 LAN connection
 DSL or Cable modem

43
Task 3: b) Search Engines & Netiquette : Students should Know What Search engines
are and how to use the search engines.

PURPOSE: To know what search engines are and how to use the search engines.

Search:- search engine can be defined as a web site with tools which help you to find
information on the internet.
Function of a search engine:- You can find anything from a schedule of White house tours to
instructions for removing stains from clothes.

Limitations:

Search engines visit web sites only several weeks. Search engines cannot see information in other
data bases later on.

On the internet a search engine is a coordinated set of programs that includes: A spider (crawler or
bot) that goes to every page or representative pages on every web site that wants to be searchable
and reads it , using hypertext links on each page to discover and read site’s other pages.

Pros:

 You can select the search terms

 You can use the same search terms with multiple search engines
 You can change search terms as much as you wish
 You will normally receive numerous links
 Its fast
Cons
:

 There are so many different search engines it may be difficult to choose

 You will normally receive too many links often making it difficult to identify the most
relevant sites.
 The vast majority of links may be only marginally relevant or altogether irrelevant
EX
:
 Alta Vista
 Ask Jeeves
 Google

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 Meta Search Engines:

Meta search engines or “met crawlers” don’t crawl the web themselves. Instead they search the
resources of multiple search engines by sending a search to several search engines at once
aggregating the result.

Pros:

 You only need to use one search tool which is time- efficient
 You only need to learn how to use one search engine reducing learning curve
 You benefit from the difference among several search tools at once

Cons:

 Meta search services may not be able to leverage each individual search engines
full range of query tools resulting in less refined searches
 You cannot personally select the search engines queried by meta search services.

Task-4: Cyber Hygiene: Students would be exposed to various threats on the internet & would
be asked to configure their computer to be safe on they need to customize their browsers to
block pop ups, block active x downloads to avoid viruses or worms

PURPOSE: To learn various threats on the internet and configure the computer to be safe on the
internet.

THEORY:

Antivirus:

Antivirus software is a program that either comes installed on your computer or that you purchase
and install yourself. It protects your computer against most viruses, worms, Trojan horses and
other unwanted invaders that can make your computer sick.

Firewall:
A firewall is a special software or hardware designed to protect a private computer network from
unauthorized access. A firewall is a set of related programs located at a network gateway server
which protects the resources of the private network from users from other networks.

Types of Internet Threats:-

 Viruses

 Network worms

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 Trojans

 Spyware/Adware

 Other malware

Viruses:-

 Main Purpose is to spread & infect files.

 Attach to a file & replicate when file is executed

 More than 100 000 known viruses exists in the world today.

 Several 100 new viruses are discovered every month

Network Worms:-

 Self replicating viruses that reside in active memory of a computer.

 Worms send themselves out to the internet from infected systems

 Either include tiny e-mail server or search for unprotected shared network drives to unload.

Trojan Programs:-

 Programs that installs themselves stealthily via internet & provide access for malicious use

PROCEDURE:

Installing Symantec antivirus for Windows:

 Insert Symantec antivirus CD into your CD drive

 Double click on the Symantec-setup.exe
 The installer will open
 Click next to proceed
 License agreement will open .Click I accept the terms of the license agreement and
then click next.
 Follow the instruction on the screen to complete the
installation. Get Computer Updates:

 Click start> settings>control panel

 Click Automatic Updates icon to open Automatic Updates dialog box
 Check the box Keep my computer up to date
 Choose a setting
 Clic

46
k OK Block Pop
ups:

 In the IE open tools>pop-up blocker

 Click on Turn on Pop- up
blocker Windows Firewall:

 Go to Start>control panel>Network and Internet Connections>windows firewall

 In the general tab check the On(recommended) box
 If you don’t want any exceptions check on Don’t allow exceptions box
A test which simulates all of the above tasks would be crafted and given to the students.

47
3. Latex and Microsoft Word
Task 1: Word Orientation: The mentor needs to give An overview of Latex and Microsoft (MS) office
2007/10 and its importance of Latex and MS word as word Processors, word – Accessing, overview of
toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in word.

LaTeX

What is LaTeX?

A typesetting program written by Leslie Lamport of MIT.

Pronounced “Lah-tek, or Lay-tek”
Uses TeX engine written by Donald E. Knuth
Designed for producing beautiful books, thesises, papers, articles...
De facto standard for writing academic papers
Current version LaTeX2e

Why LaTeX, not MS Word?

FAST professional output – highest quality

Platform, version independent (Unix, Win)
Device independent output (.dvi)
Pre-set standard formats for all types of documents
Freely available
Secure – never lose your files, both old and new!
Concentrate on content, leave the style to LaTeX.
Source code for large docs comparatively small.

Disadvantages

Need other software for extensibility.

Need to access CTAN for modules.
Complex tables are not easy J Not WYSIWYG but WYSIWYM !
Rather steep learning curve - need to remember commands
Encourages structured writing – counter-intuitive for lay users!
Not integrated with other MS Office products
Where to get LaTeX?
Linux:
Almost all distributions bundle LaTeX.
Windows packages and frontends.
MikTeX
WinShell/TeXnicCenter/LEd/Texmaker
LyX (for win and Lin as well)
Where to get help?
newsgroup comp.text.tex
LaTeX package documentation
Google for LaTeX tutorials
LaTeX package structure

A collection of defined commands

Classes and packages. AMS-TeX – a collection of extensions to TeX with more advanced mathematical
typesetting features.

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 Markup language
Similar to “tagging” and “Markup” (think HTML!)
Create (tex) > Compile (tex) > Run/view (dvi/pdf/ps)

LaTeX Skeleton

% my first LaTeX file

\documentclass[options]{class}
\begin{document}
Hello, world!
\end{document}
How To Run LaTeX

Compose/Edit --> TeXnicCenter myfile.tex Compile --> LaTeX myfile.tex

View --> xdvi myfile.dvi (UNIX)
yap myfile.dvi (Windows)
Dvi --> PostScript dvips myfile
View PostScript gv myfile (UNIX)
Use gsview (Windows)
Syntax

Latex Flowchart

The syntax of LaTeX

Families, classes and environments

All LaTeX commands start with ‘\’
Ex - \author{R.Raghuram}
• \title{how to learn latex}
• \section{section name}
All environments begin with “\begin{env name}”
Special Characters - #$%^&_{}~\
Anything that begins with ‘%’ is a comment.
% Anything after this symbol is ignored

49
Some more formatting!

Some exemplary examples

INTRODUCTION TO MS-OFFICE

Microsoft office is a set of inter related desk top applications ,servers and services, collectively refers

to as an office suit for the micro soft windows and MAC OSX operating systems .

MS WORD:

Microsoft Word is a word processing software package. we can use it to type letters, reports, and
other documents. In Word 2007, how a window displays depends on the size of your window, the

50
size of Your monitor and the resolution to which your monitor is set. Resolution determines how
much information your computer monitor can
display.

51
STARTING MS WORD:-

Two ways of starting MSWORD:-

Double click on Microsoft word icon on the desk

top. Click on start ->programs->ms office ->ms

word.

The Microsoft Office Button

In the upper-left corner of the Word 2007 window is the Microsoft Office button. When you click
the button, a menu appears. You can use the menu to create a new file, open an existing file, save a
file, and perform many other tasks.

The Quick Access Toolbar

The Quick Access toolbar provides you with access to commands you frequently use. By default
Save, Undo, and Redo appear on the Quick Access toolbar. You can use Save syour file, Undo to
rollback an action you have taken, and Redo to reapply an action you have rolled back.

52
The Ribbon

We use the Ribbon to issue commands. The Ribbon is located near the top of the screen, below
the Quick Access toolbar. At the top of the Ribbon are several tabs; clicking a tab displays several
related command groups. Within each group are related command buttons. You click buttons to
issue commands or to access menus and dialog boxes

The Ruler

We can use the ruler to change the format of your document quickly

The Text Area

You type your document in the text area. The blinking vertical line in the upper-left corner of the
text area is the cursor.

53
The Status Bar

The Status bar appears at the very bottom of your window and provides such information as the
current page and the number of words in your document.

54
Task2: Using Word to create project certificate. Features to be covered:-Formatting Fonts in
word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and
Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in Word.

The graphical user interface (GUI) provides ways to apply the various font formatting options (or
character formatting options) to your text. In Word 2010 and Word 2007, many of these options
are displayed directly in the Font group on the Home tab of the Ribbon and on the contextual
toolbar that appears when you right-click within text. Additional options are available in
the Font dialog box, which you can open by clicking the Font dialog box launcher ( ) in the
lower right-hand corner of the Font group on the Hometab. In Word 2003, many of these options
are displayed directly on the Formatting toolbar, and additional options are available in the Font
dialog box, which you can open by right-clicking and then clicking Font ( ) on the context-
sensitive menu that opens or by clicking Font on the Format menu. The Font dialog box has two
tabs.

Font

Character Spacing

The font formatting options that you can configure on the Font tab in the Font dialog box influence
the appearance of the individual characters in your text.

55
A drop cap is a specially formatted letter that appears at the beginning of a paragraph. Word
2007 offers two styles of drop caps. The first, and more common, begins the paragraph with a
large letter that spills down into the text. Thus, the drop cap displaces the first few lines of the
paragraph. The second style places the large first letter in the margin adjacent to the paragraph.

Add an effect to text

Select the text that you want to add an effect to.

On the Home tab, in the Font group, click Text Effect.

Click the effect that you want.

For more choices, point to Outline, Shadow, Reflection, or Glow, and then click the effect that
you want to add.

Remove an effect from text

Select the text that you want to remove an effect from.

On the Home tab, in the Font group, click Clear Formatting.

If you want to add a graphic or text at the top or the bottom of your document, you need to add a
header or footer. You can quickly add a header or a footer from the galleries, or you can add a
custom header or footer.

You can use these same steps to add a header or footer without page numbers.

Add a header or footer from the gallery

On the Insert tab, in the Header & Footer group, click Header or Footer.

56
Click the header or footer that you want to add to your document.

To return to the body of your document, click Close Header and Footer on the Design tab
(under Header & Footer Tools).

Click where you want to insert the date or time.

On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Quick Parts.

Click Field.

In the Categories box, click Date and Time.

In the Field names box, click Create Date, Print Date, or Save Date.

In the Date formats box, click the date and time format that you want — for example,
2/12/2008 9:45 PM or 12 February 2008.

57
Task3: Creating project abstract Features to be covered:-Formatting Styles, Inserting table,
Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink,
Symbols, Spell Check, Track Changes.

To create a document applying the above mentioned

techniques. THEORY:

Table: A table consists of rows and

columns. Cell Alignment:

Aligns contents written in a table in the top left corner or top right corner or in the center

etc. Foot Note:

Foot notes are used to comments on, or provide references for text in a

document. Hyperlink:

It is a colored and underlined text or a graphic that you click to go to a file, a location in a file ,
an HTML page on the world wide web, or an HTML page in an intranet.

Symbols:

You may not be able to enter certain symbols into your word document, as there is a limitation on
the keys on the key board. Creating these new symbols especially when working with
mathematical terms it becomes very difficult .For example we can insert symbols such as , , ,

Spell check:

It automatically checks for spelling and grammatical

errors Bullets and Numbering:

In Microsoft word we can easily create bulleted or numbered list of

items. Formatting Styles:

58
A style is a set of rules to be followed for the effective document. Style can be applied to text,
paragraph, table or a list.

Changing text direction:

You can change the text orientation in drawing objects, such as text boxes, shapes, and callouts, or
in table cells so that the text is displayed vertically or horizontally.

Track changes:

Track changes is a an excellent feature of Microsoft word as it enables a user or reviewer to keep
track of the changes that have taken a period. Changes like insertion, deletion or formatting
changes can be kept track of.

Procedure:

Changing Text direction:

1. Click the drawing object or table cell that contains the text you want to change.
2. On the Format menu, click Text Direction.
3. Click the orientation you want.

Table:

1. Click where you want to create a table.

2. On the Table menu, point to Insert, and then click Table.
3. Under Table size, select the number of columns and rows.
4. Under AutoFit behavior, choose options to adjust table size.
5. To use a built-in table format, click AutoFormat.

Select the options you

want Cell Alignment:

1. Click the cell that contains text you want to align.

2. On the Tables and Borders toolbar, select the option for the horizontal and vertical
alignment you want— for example, Align Bottom Center or Align Top Right.

59
Foot Note:

1. In print layout view, click where you want to insert the note reference mark.
2. On the Insert menu, point to Reference, and then click Footnote.
3. Click Footnotes or Endnotes.

By default, Word places footnotes at the end of each page and endnotes at the end of the
document. You can change the placement of footnotes and endnotes by making a selection
in the Footnotes or Endnotes box.

4. In the Number format box, click the format you want.

5. Click Insert.

Word inserts the note number and places the insertion point next to the note number.

6. Type the note text.

7. Scroll to your place in the document and continue typing.

As you insert additional footnotes or endnotes in the document, Word automatically applies
the correct number format.

Hyper link:

Select the text or picture you want to display as the hyperlink, and then click Insert Hyperlink on the
Standard toolbar

Do one of the following:

1. Link to an existing file or web page:

1. Under Link to, click Existing File or Web Page.

2. In the Address box, type the address you want to link to or, in the Look in box,
click the down arrow, and navigate to and select the file

2. Link to a file you haven’t created yet

Under Link to, click Create New Document.

60
 3. In the Name of new document box, type the name of the new file.
4. Under When to edit, click either Edit the new document later or Edit the new
document now

An e-mail address:

1. Select the text or picture you want to display as the hyperlink, and then click Insert
Hyperlink on the Standard toolbar
2. Under Link to, click E-mail Address.
3. Either type the e-mail address you want in the E-mail address box, or select an e-mail
address in the recently used e-mail addresses box.
4. In the Subject box, type the subject of the e-mail

message A specific location in another document

1. Insert a bookmark in the destination file or Web page.

2. Open the file that you want to link from, and select the text or object you want to display as
the hyperlink.

3. On the Standard toolbar, click Insert Hyperlink .

4. Under Link to, click Existing File or Web Page.
5. In the Look in box, click the down arrow, and navigate to and select the file that you want
to link to.
6. Click Bookmark, select the bookmark you want, and then click

OK. Symbol:

1. Click where you want to insert the symbol.

2. On the Insert menu, click Symbol, and then click the Symbols tab.
3. In the Font box, click the font that you want.
4. Double-click the symbol that you want to insert.
5. Click Close

Spell check: On the Standard toolbar, click Spelling and Grammar .

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 1. When Word finds a possible spelling or grammatical problem, make your changes in the
Spelling and Grammar dialog box.

Bullets and Numbering:

1. Type 1.to start a numbered list or * (asterisk) to start a bulleted list, and then press
SPACEBAR or TAB.
2. Type any text you want.
3. Press ENTER to add the next list item.

Word automatically inserts the next number or bullet.

4. To finish the list, press ENTER twice, or press BACKSPACE to delete the last bullet or
number in the list

Formatting Styles:

1. Select the words, paragraph, list, or table you want to change.

2. If the Styles and Formatting task pane is not open, click Styles and Formatting on the
Formatting toolbar
3. Click the style you want in the Styles and Formatting task pane.

If the style you want is not listed, click All Styles in the Show

box Track Changes:

1. Open the document you want to revise.

2. On the Tools menu, click Track Changes

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Task4:- Creating a Newsletter: Features to be covered:- Table of Content, Newspaper
columns, Images from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images,
Textboxes, Paragraphs and Mail Merge in word.
Description about MS-wrod:

To create a news Letter Microsoft Word is a popular and commonly used word processing
program. It is one of the most popular word processing programs, if not the most popular.
Microsoft Word is often used in businesses, schools and universities.

THEORY:

Microsoft Word is a popular and commonly used word processing program. It is one of the most
popular word processing programs, if not the most popular. Microsoft Word is often used in
businesses, schools and universities.

Table of contents:

Table of contents displays a list of headings in a created document. It basically

provides an outline of the entire document created

Newspaper columns:

One can create a newspaper columns document by specifying the number of new
letter-style column required and then adjust their width , and add vertical lines between columns.

Images from files and clipart:

Inserting a picture (graphic) from a file and clipart may be required for a document.
This picture could be a scanned photograph or any other digitally produced one. This pictures can
be modified , resized, cropped and enhanced.

Drawing toolbar and Word Art:

One can create his/her own drawings in Microsoft word.Ms word provides a full
fledged drawing tool bar.Word Art in Microsoft word enables you to create special and decorative
text.

63
Formatting Images, Textboxes and Paragraphs:

Formatting an image includes selecting appropriate color, size, layout and cropping.Generally the
text in a document follows a standard orientation (line after line). A text box provides a different
orientation to the text with in a document. It can arrange the text in any where and can be resized
and moreover moved to any section of the document or even outside.

When you are formatting a paragraph, you do not need to highlight the entire
paragraph. Placing the cursor anywhere in the paragraph enables you to format it. After you set a
paragraph format, subsequent paragraphs will have the same format unless you change the format

PROCEDURE:

Table of contents:

1. Click where you want to insert the table of contents.

2. On the Insert menu, point to Reference, and click Index and Tables.
3. Click the Table of Contents tab.
4. To use one of the available designs, click a design in the Formats box.
5. Select any other table of contents options you want.

Newspaper columns:

1. Select the entire or part of document to be converted into a newsletter-style

2. Click on format menu , select columns

3. Any desired number of columns are presets-one or two or three or left or right b\can be selected.

4. Width and spacing can be fixed and equal columns width can be checked for uniformity

5. If a newspaper columns are to be separated by a line, then check line between

6. Under apply to will be whole document if entire document is selected else we have to select a
selected text.

7. Click ok

Inserting images from files and clip art:

64
 1. Click where you want to insert the picture.
2. On the Insert menu, point to Picture, and then click From File.
3. Locate the picture you want to insert.
4. Double-click the picture you want to insert.

CLIP ART:

1. On the Insert menu, point to Picture, and then click Clip Art.
2. In the Clip Art task pane, in the Search for box, type a word or phrase that describes
the clip you want or type in all or some of the file name of the clip.
3. To narrow your search, do one or both of the following:
 To limit search results to a specific collection of clips, in the Search in box,
click the arrow and select the collections you want to search.
 To limit search results to a specific type of media file, in the Results should
be box, click the arrow and select the check box next to the types of clips
you want to find.
4. Click Go.

5. If you don't know the exact file name, you can substitute wildcard characters for one
or more real characters. Use the asterisk (*) as a substitute for zero or more characters in a
file name. Use the question mark (?) as a substitute for a single character in a file name.

6. In the Results box, click the clip to insert it.

Drawing Toolbar and Word Art:

1. Click in your document where you want to create the drawing.

2. On the Insert menu, point to Picture, and then click New Drawing.

A drawing canvas is inserted into your document.

3. Use the Drawing toolbar to add any shapes or pictures that you want.

WORD ART:
 On the Drawing toolbar, click Insert WordArt
 Click the WordArt effect you want, and then click OK.
 In the Edit WordArt Text dialog box, type the text you want.

1. Do any of the following:

 To change the font type, in the Font list, select a font.

 To change the font size, in the Size list, select a size.

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  To make text bold, click the Bold button.
 To make text italic, click the Italic button.

Formatting Images:
1. Formatting of the images can be achieved by selecting the image and double click on the
picture, format picture dialog box appears.
2. The same can be achieved by selecting the tools menu > customize>tool bars tab>picture
and click close.
Basic formatting features of an image
Resize a drawing
1. Select the drawing canvas
2. On the Drawing Canvas toolbar, do one of the following:
o To make the drawing canvas boundary larger without changing the size of the objects

on the canvas, click Expand .

o To make the drawing canvas boundary fit tightly around the drawing objects or

pictures, click Fit .

o To scale the drawing and make the objects and canvas proportionately smaller or
larger, click Scale Drawing, and then drag the edges of the canvas.
Resize a picture or shape
1. Position the mouse pointer over one of the sizing handles
2. Drag the sizing handle until the object is the shape and size you want.

To increase or decrease the size in one or more directions, drag the mouse away from or
toward the center, while doing one of the following:

o To keep the center of an object in the same place, hold down CTRL while dragging
the mouse.
o To maintain the object's proportions, drag one of the corner sizing handles.
o To maintain the proportions while keeping the center in the same place, hold down
CTRL while dragging one of the corner sizing handles.
Crop a picture
1. Select the picture you want to crop.

2. On the Picture toolbar, click Crop .

3. Position the cropping tool over a cropping handle and then do one of the following:
o To crop one side, drag the center handle on that side inward.
o To crop equally on two sides at once, hold down CTRL as you drag the center
handle on either side inward.

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 o To crop equally on all four sides at once, hold down CTRL as you drag a corner
handle inward.
4. On the Picture toolbar, click Crop to turn off the Crop command.

Text Box:

1. On the Drawing toolbar, click Text Box .

2. Click or drag in your document where you want to insert the text box
3. You can use the options on the Drawing toolbar to enhance a text box— for example, to
change the fill color— just as you can with any other drawing object
Paragraphs:
Change line pacing
Select the text you want to change.

1. On the Formatting toolbar, point to Line Spacing, and then do one of the following:
o To apply a new setting, click the arrow, and then select the number that you want.
o To apply the most recently used setting, click the button.
o To set more precise measurements, click the arrow, click More, and then select the
options you want under Line Spacing.

Change spacing before or after paragraphs

1. Select the paragraphs in which you want to change spacing.

2. On the Format menu, click Paragraph, and then click the Indents and Spacing tab.
3. Under Spacing, enter the spacing you want in the Before or After box.

Change paragraph direction

1. Place the insertion point in the paragraph that you want to change, or select several
paragraphs.
2. Do one of the following:
o To have text begin from the left, click Left-to-Right on the Formatting toolbar.
o To have text begin from the right, click Right-to-Left on the Formatting toolbar.

When you change the paragraph direction, Microsoft Word leaves justified and centered text as it
is. In the case of left-aligned or right-aligned text, Word flips the alignment to its opposite. For
example, if you have a left-to-right paragraph that is right aligned, such as the date at the top of a
letter, clicking Right-to-Left results in a right-to-left paragraph that is left aligned.

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 • 4. Excel

Task 1: Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered: Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto
fill, Formatting Text.

Task 2: Calculating GPA - Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel – average, std. deviation, Charts,
Renaming and Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count function.

Task 3: Performance Analysis - Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline, Sorting, Boolean and
logical operators, Conditional formatting.

Task 1: Creating a Scheduler

PROCEDURE:

First click start button of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and then Microsoft
excel. To get a new blank work sheet go to programs and then click on excel sheet. On the file
menu click page setup and then click sheet tab click gridlines. In this way do the required changes
using format cell, make the required changes using formatting text also make the required changes.
Enter the data in the data in the worksheet consisting of week name person name and timings 7
a.m. to 3
p.m. Make all the above changes to the text.

Introduction to MS-Excel

Excel is a computerized spreadsheet, which is an important business tool that helps you report
and analyze information. Excel stores spreadsheets in documents called workbooks. Each
workbook is made up of individual worksheets, or sheets. Because all sorts of calculations can be
made in the Excel spreadsheet, it is much more flexible than a paper spreadsheet. The Excel
window has some basic components, such as an Active cell, Column headings, a Formula bar, a
Name box, the mouse pointer, Row headings, Sheet tabs, a Task Pane, Tab scrolling buttons and
Toolbars.

Sample Worksheet

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 Excel worksheet and workbooks

When you set up calculations in a worksheet, if an entry is changed in a cell, the spreadsheet will
automatically update any calculated values that were based on that entry. When you open
Excel, by default it will open a blank workbook with three blank worksheets. When you save a
workbook, you have a Save As option that can save the spreadsheet to earlier versions of Excel or
to Quattro Pro, Lotus 123 formats, dBase formats, and even to a comma or tab-delimited text file.

Identify Excel components

Navigate within worksheet

To navigate within a workbook, you use the arrow keys, Page Up, Page Down, or the Ctrl
key in combination with the arrow keys to make larger movements.
The most direct means of navigation is with your mouse.

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 Scroll bars are provided and work as they do in all Windows applications.To move to other
Worksheets, you can:

A. Click their tab with the mouse

B. Use the Ctrl key with the Page Up and Page Down keys to move sequentially up or down through
the worksheets.

If you are familiar with Microsoft Access, you will find the tab scrolling buttons for moving between
worksheets to be similar to record browsing on an Access form or datasheet.

Developing a Worksheet
Determine the worksheet’s

purpose. Enter the data and

formulas.

Test the worksheet and make any necessary edits /

corrections. Document the worksheet and improve

appearance.

Save and print the complete worksheet.

Entering data into a worksheet

To enter data, first make the cell in which you want to enter the data active by clicking

it. Enter the data (text, formulas, dates, etc.) into the active cell.

Use the Alt+Enter key combination to enter text on multiple lines within the same

cell. Use TAB key, arrow keys, or ENTER key to navigate among the cells.

Entering Formulas

A formula is a mathematical expression that calculates a

value. In Excel, formulas always begin with an equal sign

(=).

A formula can consist of one or more arithmetic operators.

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The order of precedence is a set of predefined rules that Excel follows to calculate a formula.

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Resize worksheet rows and columns

There are a number of methods for altering row height and column width using the mouse or
menus:

Click the dividing line on the column or row, and drag the dividing line to change the width of the
column or Height of the row Double-click the border of a column heading, and the column will
increase in width to match the length of the longest entry in the column Widths are expressed
either in terms of the number of characters or the number of screen pixels.

Identify cell ranges

A group of worksheet cells is known as a cell range, or range.

 Working with ranges in a worksheet makes working with the data easier.

 Ranges can be adjacent or nonadjacent.

 An adjacent range is a single, rectangular block of cells

 Select an adjacent range by clicking on a cell and dragging to an opposite corner of a

rectangle of cells

 A nonadjacent range is comprised of two or more adjacent ranges that are not contiguous to
each other

 .To select a nonadjacent range, begin by selecting an adjacent range, then press and hold
down the Ctrl key as you select other adjacent ranges

Select and move worksheet cells

To select a large area of cells, select the first cell in the range, press and hold the Shift key, and then
clickthe last cell in the range.

Once you have selected a range of cells, you may move the cells within the worksheet by clicking
and dragging the selection from its current location to its new one.

By pressing and holding the Ctrl key as you drag, Excel will leave the original selection in its place
and paste a copy of the selection in the new location. To move between workbooks, use the Alt key
while dragging the selection.

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 Insert worksheet rows and columns

You can insert one or many additional rows or columns within a worksheet with just a few steps
using the mouse or menu options. You can insert individual cells within a row or column and then
choose how to displace the existing cells. You can click the Insert menu and then select row or
column, or right click on a row or column heading or a selection of cells and then choose Insert from
the shortcut menu.

Delete worksheet rows and columns

To delete and clear cells, rows, or columns, you can use the Edit menu, or right click on a heading
or a selection of cells and choose Delete from the shortcut menu. Clearing, as opposed to deleting,
does not alter the structure of the worksheet or shift unclear data cells. What can be confusing about
this process is that you can use the Delete key to clear cells, but it does not remove them from the
worksheet as you might expect.

Use undo and redo features

Editing is an intrinsic task in any document, and especially useful are the Undo and Redo actions.
The Undo feature allows you to sequentially back up to a certain action, such as a delete, a move,
an entry, etc. And allows you to reverse those actions.

Redo allows you to reapply actions one step at a time that you have previously undone.

Print as workbook

To print a worksheet, you can use:

A menu

The Print button on the standard toolbar

The Ctrl-P keystroke to initiate a printout of the worksheet

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Task 2: Calculating GPA - Features to be covered:- Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel –
average, std. deviation, Charts, Renaming and Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count
function, LOOKUP/VLOOKUP, Sorting, Conditional formatting .

PURPOSE:

To maintain a control chart for printing books with given data.

THEORY:

1. On the chart menu click chart type

2. Text direction.
Click the arrow down next to the text direction button. For right to left click right to left. For
left to right reading order, click left to right.

For reading order that is consistent with the language of the first entered character, click
context. For reading order that is inconsistent with the language of the first entered character,
click control.

3. In the tools menu click options and then click chart tab.

4. To show all worksheet data in the chart even if some rows and columns are hidden, clear the
plot visible cells by check box.

5. To prevent hidden rows and columns from displaying in the chart, select the plot cells only
check box.

Hyper Linking:

1. Create a worksheet: On the file menu, click new, and then click blank workbook task pane.

2. Insert a worksheet: C lick worksheet on the insert menu. Right click on sheet tab and
then click insert double click the template for the type of sheet you want.

3. Hyperlink: Using hyperlink we can insert one more sheet in the present sheet

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 4. Count function: Create a blank worksheet press control +c. In the worksheet select cell
A and press control +c. On the tools menu point to formula auditing and then click formula
auditing menu.

Worksheet:

1. In the file menu go to menu then a new worksheet is created.

2. To add a single worksheet, click worksheet on the Insert menu. To add multiple worksheets
hold down shift and then click the number of worksheet tasks to add in a open workbook

Sort:

1. Click a cell in the list you want to sort.

2. On the Data menu click sort.
3. Under first key sort click the custom sort order you want and then click ok.
4. Click any other sorting option you want.

PROCEDURE:

Formulae in Excel:

First click on start button at the bottom of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and
then on Microsoft excel. Then open a new document. Give the main heading and subheading by
changing the size so that they look in block letters. Enter the data. To calculate go to Insert menu
in the menu bar and then click on function and then ok. Then select the data to which you want to
calculate mean. Then you get the required answer. In same way, sample means standard deviation
lower count limit and upper count limit. Go to insert menu and click on function and select the
required operation to be done and select the data and calculate. Formulas for all the above are
given below.

Mean = (s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 +

5)/5; Sample mean = avg

(mean)

Standard deviation = (mean, sample, mean)

Sample standard deviation= avg (Standard deviation)

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Lower count limit = sample mean – sample standard

deviation. Upper count limit = Sample mean + Sample

Standard deviation Hyper linking:

First click on start button of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and then Ms-
excel. To get a new blank worksheet go to programs and then click on excel sheet. Rename the
first sheet as student by right clicking on sheet 1 and renaming. Insert hyperlink insert and click on
hyperlink. Then go to sheet 2 and rename as CSE type in particulars of ECE right click on sheet 3.
Then go to sheet -4 rename as IT. In this type all the four sheets are created.

WORKSHEET

First click on start button at the bottom of the screen on status bar. Click on programs
and then Ms-excel. Then enter the data as given. Enter the student’s names, Subjective wise marks,
total and avg. Then calculate the total and avg by using formula. Then go to Data menu and click
sort. Under first key sort, click custom sort order needed i.e. ascending order or alphabetical order
and then click o.k. Then the required worksheet is prepared,

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 5. Powerpoint

Task1: Basic power point utilities and tools which help them create basic power point presentation. PPT
Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes,
Lines and Arrows in Power point

Task 2: Hyperlinks, Inserting Images, Clip Art, Audio, Video, Objects, Tables and Charts.

Introduction

PowerPoint is a application used for the creation of presentations. These presentations are laid out in a
"storyboard" type fashion, where individual slides are created and formatted with text and images.
PowerPoint presentations are widely used in classrooms as note outlines for teachers, and for
project presentations by students. The point of the slides in PowerPoint presentations is NOT to
fit as much detailed information as you can onto a single slide. Rather, each slide should contain
elements that briefly sum up the major idea(s) of what you will be presenting for the duration of
the slide. The style in which you create slides is completely up to you. PowerPoint allows you to
choose from a wide variety of formats that include sections such as titles, lists, images, or charts.
Any of these can be incorporated into your presentation. The main thing to keep in mind, however,
is that an audience will be viewing this material; it must be large enough to read, yet not so large
that it takes up far too much of the screen to include relevant information. All Writing Program
computer classrooms come equipped with PowerPoint already installed on the computers.

TITLE:

Create a power point presentation consists of slide layouts inserting text, formatting text,
bullets and numbering of five slides with following information’s.

Slide 1 –

contents Slide

2 – Name

Slide 3 –

Address Slide

4 – Hobbies

Slide 5 –

Friends
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PURPOSE:

To maintain a PowerPoint presentation with some specifications

THEORY:Microsoft PowerPoint is the name of a proprietary commercial software presentation

program developed by Microsoft. It was developed by Microsoft and officially launched on May
22, 1990

SLIDE LAYOUT:

1. On the format menu, click slide layout.

2. On the slides tab in normal view, select the slides; you want to apply a layout too.
3. In the slide layout task pane, point to layout you and then click it.
4. A new slide can also be inserted within the task pane. Point the layout you want the
slide to have, click the arrow and then click the insert new slide.
INSERT TEXT:

1. Text can be added to layout.

2. Align text in the top, middle or bottom of a cell.
3. Align text on the right or left, or in the center of a cell.
4. Change cell margins.
5. Insert a tab in a table.
6. To make the symbol command available, in normal view, place the insertion point on
the outbox tab or in a text place holders on the slide.
7. On the insert menu, click symbol.
8. To change fonts, click a name in the font
box. FORMATTING TEXT:

1. Select the text you want to format as superscript or subscript.

2. On the format menu, click font.
3. To show or hide text formatting, on the standard toolbar, click show
formatting. BULLETS AND NUMBERINGS:

1. Select the lines of text that you want to add bullets or numbering to.
2. Click bullets or numbering.

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AUTOSHAPES:

1. Select the auto shape that has the text you want to position.
2. Double-click the selection rectangle of the auto shape or text box and then click the text
box tab in the format dialog box.
3. in the text anchor point box, click the position you want the text to start
in. LINES AND ARROWS:

1. In Microsoft power point, double click the chart.

2. Double click the chart item you want to change.
3. On the patterns tab, do one or both of the following.
4. To change the colors, patterns or lines, select the options you want.
5. To specify a fill effect, click fill effect and then select the options you want on the
gradient, text patterns or picture tabs.
To return to the slide, click outside the

about. PROCEDURE:

First click on start button at the button of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and
then Microsoft PowerPoint. Go to file and new. Then you find different pattern of slides on right
side of your screen. Then select which is completely empty. Then enter the contents in the first
slide as per given information, name in the second slide, Address in the third slide, Hobbies in the
fourth slide and friends in the fifth slide. Except first slide, all the second, third, fourth, fifth slides
should be inserted. When you select pattern of slide from a new slide, on slide which you selected
you will find an arrow towards its right side, click that arrow and then again click insert slide.
Then save it. Then adjust the layout. Then format the text then give bullets or numbering to the
text if required. Go to auto shapes. Select more auto shapes and insert wherever required. Then
again go to insert option and select new slides. And select chart and a chart with datasheet appear.
Give the name, roll no, marks in three subjects and calculate the total. Then save the file

Create a power point presentation consisting of hyperlinks, inserting images, clip art,
audio, video objects of 4 slides with the following information.

Slide 1:- Name of your college in bold

letters. Slide 2:- Address of your college in

bold letters.

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 Slide 3:- List of all available courses. Slide4:- Extra co-curricular activities.

And apply the transaction effects and set the time three seconds for each slide and view it in
slide show.

PURPOSE:

To maintain a PowerPoint presentation using some

specifications THEORY:

HYPERLINK:

1. Select the text or object that you want to represent the hyperlink.
2. Click insert hyperlink.
3. Under link to, click place in this
document. INSERT IMAGES:

1. Click where you want to insert the picture.

2. On the drawing tool bar, click insert picture.
3. Locate the folder that contains the picture that you want to insert, and then click the
picture file.
CLIP ART:

1. On the insert menu, point to structure and then click clipart.

2. in the clipart task pane, in the search for box, type a word or phrase that describes the
clip, you want to type in all or some of the file menus of the clip.
3. in the results box, click the clip to
insert it. AUDIO VIDEO OBJECTS:

1. On the slide show menu, click setup show. Under performance check box. If your
computer has their capability, office PowerPoint will attempt to use it.
2. Animation performance will be much better with a video card that has Microsoft direct
3D.

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 TABLE:
1. On the standard tool bar, click insert table.
2. Print to select the numbers of rows and columns you want and thenclick.
CHART:

1. Click the slide where you want to place the embedded object.
2. On the insert menu, click chart.
3. Click a cell on the data sheet and then type the information you
want. To return to the slide, click outside the chart

PROCEDURE:

First click on start button at the bottom of the screen on status bar. Click on programs and
then Microsoft power point goto file menu. Then you find different pattern of slides on right side
of your screen. Then select which is completely empty. Then enter the name of your college in
bold letters. Address of your college in bold letters in the second slide. List of all the available
courses in the third slide, extra co-curricular activities in the fourth slide except first slide, all the
second, third, fourth slide should be inserted. When you select pattern of slide from a new slide, on
slide which you selected, you will find an arrow towards it right side click that arrow and then
again click insert slide. Then save it the select the slide show and then select the view show option.
Then review the presentation in slide show by selecting next and after completing the slide show
then click end show. Click on start button at the button of the screen on status bar, click on
programs and then Microsoft power point. Go to file menu. On insert menu and select table option
and give no. of rows and no. of columns and give the name, Roll no and marks in three subjects
and find the total

TITLE:

Create a power Point presentation on business by using master layouts and see the
presentation in different views.

PURPOSE:

To maintain a power point presentation with some

specifications THEORY:-

MASTER LAYOUTS:-

1. On the view menu, point to master, and then click slide master.

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 2. To insert a slide master, do the presentation given in slides and lastly add date and
footer to the slides.
SLIDE SHOW:

1. On the slides tab in the normal view, select the slides you want to set the things for.
2. On the slide show menu, click side transition.
3. Under advance slide, select the automatically after checkbox, and then number of
seconds you want the slide to appear on the screen.
PROCEDURE:

First click on start button. Then click programs, and then power point presentation. Then
select file menu and click on new. Then you get a new blank presentation. Then in the first slide,
enter the title as business and give product name as sub title. Then insert the second slide. Then
enter the title as about the product and give description as sub title. Then insert the third slide and
enter the title as sales about product and enter something about it sales. In this way, complete the
three slides. Then click on view and then master and then enter date in the space provided for
footer. Then you find these two in all slides and then again go to view and click on slide show.

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