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Ospf Eigrp BGP

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Erwin Benitez
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34 views4 pages

Ospf Eigrp BGP

Uploaded by

Erwin Benitez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here’s a detailed description of OSPF, EIGRP, and BGP, highlighting their

characteristics, features, and typical use cases:


1. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
• Type: Link-state Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)
• Key Features:
o Open Standard: Developed by the IETF, OSPF is supported by
multiple vendors.
o Hierarchical Design: OSPF organizes networks into areas, with Area 0
(backbone) being the central hub. This reduces the amount of routing
data exchanged, which improves efficiency and scalability.
o Link-State Advertisements (LSAs): OSPF routers exchange LSAs to
share information about their neighbors and network topology. These
are used to build a topology database and compute the shortest path
to each network using the Dijkstra Algorithm.
o Fast Convergence: OSPF recalculates routes quickly when there are
changes in the network, making it suitable for dynamic networks.
o Metric: OSPF uses Cost (based on bandwidth) as its routing metric.
o Classless: OSPF supports Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) and
CIDR, making it highly flexible for subnetting.
• Typical Use:
o Large enterprise networks with multiple routers and subnets.
o Networks requiring fast convergence and scalability.
o Heterogeneous environments with devices from multiple vendors.
2. EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
• Type: Advanced Distance-Vector Routing Protocol (Hybrid)
• Key Features:
o Proprietary to Cisco: EIGRP was originally a Cisco-exclusive protocol,
though it has since been released as an open standard to some
extent.
o DUAL Algorithm: Uses the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) to
calculate the best path to a destination and find backup routes
without recalculating the entire routing table.
o Fast Convergence: EIGRP is designed to converge quickly, like link-
state protocols, making it faster than traditional distance-vector
protocols.
o Metric: Uses a composite metric that considers bandwidth, delay,
load, and reliability. By default, it primarily focuses on bandwidth and
delay.
o Classless: Supports VLSM and CIDR for flexible subnetting.
o Efficient Bandwidth Usage: Unlike OSPF, EIGRP sends updates only
when there is a change, and these are sent to affected routers only,
reducing bandwidth consumption.
o Equal/Unequal Load Balancing: Supports both equal and unequal
cost load balancing, offering flexibility in traffic management.
• Typical Use:
o Medium to large Cisco-based networks.
o Environments where fast convergence and low resource usage are
crucial.
o Networks where hybrid routing protocols (combining distance-vector
and link-state features) are preferred.
3. BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
• Type: Path-Vector Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)
• Key Features:
o Used for Interdomain Routing: BGP is primarily used between
autonomous systems (ASes), making it essential for connecting large
networks like Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and enterprises.
o Path-Vector Protocol: Instead of using cost or bandwidth, BGP makes
routing decisions based on the path (AS Path) that a route takes. It
can also consider additional attributes such as next-hop, local
preference, MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator), and community values.
o Scalability: Designed to handle the scale of the internet, BGP
supports millions of routes and can be highly customized using
routing policies.
o Routing Policy Control: BGP allows network administrators to define
complex routing policies based on business and technical
requirements.
o Slow Convergence: BGP is not optimized for fast convergence and is
designed with stability and scalability in mind rather than speed.
o Classless: Like OSPF and EIGRP, BGP supports VLSM and CIDR.
• Typical Use:
o Internet backbone routing between ISPs.
o Multi-homed enterprise networks with connections to multiple ISPs.
o Networks requiring complex routing policies for traffic engineering or
peering relationships.
Summary:
• OSPF: Ideal for large, hierarchical internal networks (IGP) with fast
convergence and multi-vendor environments.
• EIGRP: Great for medium to large Cisco-dominated networks that need fast
convergence and efficient resource usage.
• BGP: Used for interdomain routing (EGP), connecting different autonomous
systems and enabling complex routing policies, typically for ISPs or large
enterprises.

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