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12 views17 pages

PV Design

.bbb

Uploaded by

Eyad Barqawi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Wind Energy converters

Student Name: Eyad Barqawi

Instructor: Dr. Ahmad Abu Alrub.

Department: Electrical Engineering Department.

Course Name: Power (1)

Date : 3/9/2024
Outlines/ what we are going to talk about:

Introduction to WIND ENERGY.

Comparison between HAWT and VAWT in terms of:

1- Efiiciency , power Output .

2-Design , maintenance .

3- Orientation and Wind Direction


Advantages of WE
-Good wind sites are often located in remote locations, far
from cities where the electricity is needed or Far from the
grid

-Wind turbines use only a small fraction of


the land.

-Noise produced by the rotor blades, and aesthetic (visual)


may have undesirable impact.

-WE needs technological development or properly siting


wind plants overcome these problems
🠶 WE has to compete with conventional
power generation sources on a cost basis.
Depending on the wind profile at the site, the
wind farm may or may not be as cost
competitive as a fossil fuel based power plant.

🠶 The major challenge to using wind as a


Disadvantages source of power is that the wind is
of WE intermittent and it does not always blow
when electricity is needed.

🠶 WE cannot be stored; and not all winds


can be harnessed to meet the timing of
electricity demands. The option of energy
storage in battery banks is still beyond
economically feasible limits for large wind
turbines
Type of WE Converters
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT)

• It is most common device


among WE converters
• Power Output ranging from
1 kW to 7 MW
• They have higher efficiency
than other types.
Multi Bladed HAWT
• Multi-blade systems
(windmills) have a high
starting torque which
makes them suitable for
driving mechanical water
pumps.
• They have low rotational
speed. Speed controllers are
not required except for
safety. Its blade design is
simple.
• They have high mechanical
stability.
Upwind or Downwind HAWT
• In Upwind machines the wind meets the rotor first and then leaves
from the direction in which the nacelle is located.
• In Downwind machines the rotor placed on the leeward side of
the tower.
Upwind or Downwind HAWT
• One advantage of the downwind design is that the rotor can be
more flexible.
• The basic drawback downwind is the fluctuation in the wind
power due to the wind shade of the tower.
Upwind or Downwind HAWT
• The basic advantage of upwind designs is that one avoids the
wind shade behind the tower
• The upwind machine needs a yaw mechanism to keep the rotor
facing the wind while downwind machines do not.
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT)
• The axis of rotation of
vertical axis wind
turbine (VAWT) is
vertical to the ground
and almost
perpendicular to the
wind direction, so they
are not affected by the
change in the direction
of the wind.
• It has less power output
due to low wind speeds
close to the ground.
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT)
• The generator and the
gearbox of VAWT can be
housed at the ground level,
this makes its maintenance
easy and less expensive
• The major disadvantage of
some VAWT is that they
are usually not self
starting.
• The two main types of
VAWT are Darrieus and
Savonious.
Darrieus Wind Turbine

• It is named after its


inventor Georges Jeans
Darrieus
• Darrieus rotor usually
works at high speeds
which makes it
attractive for wind
electric generators.
• The blades lift force is
used to rotate the rotor.
Savonius Wind Turbine
• These rotors have high
solidity and thus high starting
torque.
• They work at low speeds,
with the maximum of about
same as wind speed.
• The basic driving force of
Savonius rotor is drag.
Savonius rotor
• Savonius rotors have
relatively lower power
coefficient.
• However, some experimental
rotors have shown power
coefficient up to 35 percent.
Up-Stream-Power-Station
(Thermal Tower)
• A mix between a wind
converter and a solar
collector
• A narrow, high tower
contains a wind wheel
driven by the rising
warm air.
• A solar collector
installed around the
foot of the tower heats
up the air.
Up-Stream-Power-Station
(Thermal Tower)
• The station needs a lot
of space and the tower
has to be very high
• The system has a very
poor efficiency, only
about 1%.
• The advantage of such
a design is its
technical simplicity.

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