Assignment no.

1
WAQAR ALI
BOOK CODE 5405
Q.1 (a) The probability that an applicant for pilot school will be admitted is 0.5. If three
applicants are selected at random, what is the probability that;

(i) All three will be admitted

(ii) None will be admitted
(iii) Only one will be admitted

(b) What is the probability of drawing three cards, without replacement, from a deck
of cards and getting three kings?
ANS; I'll solve both parts of the problem.
(a) Pilot School Admissions
Given: Probability of admission = 0.5
We'll use the binomial probability formula: P(X = k) = (nCk) × (p^k) × (q^(n-k))
where n = 3 (number of applicants), p = 0.5 (probability of admission), q = 0.5 (probability of
non-admission), and nCk is the number of combinations.
(i) All three will be admitted
P(X = 3) = (3C3) × (0.5^3) × (0.5^0)
= 1 × 0.125 × 1
= 0.125
(ii) None will be admitted
P(X = 0) = (3C0) × (0.5^0) × (0.5^3)
= 1 × 1 × 0.125
= 0.125
(iii) Only one will be admitted
P(X = 1) = (3C1) × (0.5^1) × (0.5^2)
= 3 × 0.5 × 0.25
= 0.375
(b) Drawing Three Kings
Given: 52 cards in a deck, 4 kings
We'll use the hypergeometric probability formula, but since we're drawing without replacement,
we can also consider this as a sequence of dependent events.
P(3 kings) = P(1st king) × P(2nd king | 1st king) × P(3rd king | 1st, 2nd king)
= (4/52) × (3/51) × (2/50)
= (4/52) × (3/51) × (2/50)
= 0.000154 (or 1 in 6,497)
Alternatively, using combinations:
Number of ways to choose 3 kings = 4C3
Number of ways to choose 3 cards = 52C3
P(3 kings) = (4C3) / (52C3)
= 4 / (52 × 51 × 50 / 6)
= 0.000154 (or 1 in 6,497)
Q.2 (a) The fire chief for a small volunteer fire department has compiled data on the
number of false alarms called in each day for the past 360 days. The data in the
table shows a frequency distribution summarizing the findings. Construct the
probability distribution for this study.
Number of False Alarm Frequency
0 75
1 80
2 77
3 40
4 28
5 24
6 20
7 16
Total 360

(b) A fair die is rolled 5 times. Let X represents the number of times the face 3 turns up.
Obtain a probability distribution of X.

ANS; I'll solve both parts of the problem.

(a) Probability Distribution of False Alarms
To construct the probability distribution, divide each frequency by the total number of
observations (360).
Number of False Alarms Frequency Probability

0 75 0.208 (75/360)

1 80 0.222 (80/360)

2 77 0.214 (77/360)

3 40 0.111 (40/360)

4 28 0.078 (28/360)

5 24 0.067 (24/360)

6 20 0.056 (20/360)
 Number of False Alarms Frequency Probability

7 16 0.044 (16/360)
The probability distribution represents the likelihood of each number of false alarms occurring
on a given day.
(b) Probability Distribution of Rolling 3 on a Die
This is a binomial distribution problem, where:
n = 5 (number of rolls)
p = 1/6 (probability of rolling 3 on a fair die)
q = 5/6 (probability of not rolling 3)
We'll calculate the probability for each possible value of X (0 to 5).
X (Number of 3s) Probability

0 (5C0) × (1/6)^0 × (5/6)^5 = 0.4019

1 (5C1) × (1/6)^1 × (5/6)^4 = 0.4019

2 (5C2) × (1/6)^2 × (5/6)^3 = 0.1607

3 (5C3) × (1/6)^3 × (5/6)^2 = 0.0322

4 (5C4) × (1/6)^4 × (5/6)^1 = 0.0041

5 (5C5) × (1/6)^5 × (5/6)^0 = 0.0002

These probabilities represent the likelihood of rolling 3 exactly X times in 5 rolls of a fair die.

Q. 3 (a) Solve the following equations;

i. 8x – 6 = 5x + 3.
ii. 4z2 + 18z – 10 = 0.
s 3
iii. s2 +   0
4 4

(b) Find the length of the line segment connecting points C and D located at (2, 4) and
(4, 8), respectively.

ANS; I'll solve both parts of the problem.

(a) Probability Distribution of False Alarms
To construct the probability distribution, divide each frequency by the total number of
observations (360).
 Number of False Alarms Frequency Probability

0 75 0.208 (75/360)

1 80 0.222 (80/360)

2 77 0.214 (77/360)

3 40 0.111 (40/360)

4 28 0.078 (28/360)

5 24 0.067 (24/360)

6 20 0.056 (20/360)

7 16 0.044 (16/360)
The probability distribution represents the likelihood of each number of false alarms occurring
on a given day.
(b) Probability Distribution of Rolling 3 on a Die
This is a binomial distribution problem, where:
n = 5 (number of rolls)
p = 1/6 (probability of rolling 3 on a fair die)
q = 5/6 (probability of not rolling 3)
We'll calculate the probability for each possible value of X (0 to 5).
X (Number of 3s) Probability

0 (5C0) × (1/6)^0 × (5/6)^5 = 0.4019

1 (5C1) × (1/6)^1 × (5/6)^4 = 0.4019

2 (5C2) × (1/6)^2 × (5/6)^3 = 0.1607

3 (5C3) × (1/6)^3 × (5/6)^2 = 0.0322

4 (5C4) × (1/6)^4 × (5/6)^1 = 0.0041

5 (5C5) × (1/6)^5 × (5/6)^0 = 0.0002

These probabilities represent the likelihood of rolling 3 exactly X times in 5 rolls of a fair die.
 (a) Solve the following equations; i. 8x – 6 = 5x + 3. ii. 4z2 + 18z – 10 = 0. iii. s2 + (b) Find the
length of the line segment connecting points C and D located at (2, 4) and (4, 8), respectively.
I'll solve both parts of the problem.
(a) Equations
i. Linear Equation
8x - 6 = 5x + 3
Subtract 5x from both sides:
3x - 6 = 3
Add 6 to both sides:
3x = 9
Divide by 3:
x=3
ii. Quadratic Equation
4z^2 + 18z - 10 = 0
Divide by 2:
2z^2 + 9z - 5 = 0
Factor:
(2z - 1)(z + 5) = 0
Solve for z:
2z - 1 = 0 => z = 1/2
z + 5 = 0 => z = -5
iii. Incomplete Equation
s^2 + …
Please provide the complete equation.
(b) Distance between Two Points
To find the length of the line segment connecting points C (2, 4) and D (4, 8), we'll use the
distance formula:
d = √((x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2)
d = √((4 - 2)^2 + (8 - 4)^2)
= √((2)^2 + (4)^2)
= √(4 + 16)
= √20
= 2√5 ≈ 4.47
The length of the line segment connecting points C and D is approximately 4.47 units.

Q.4 Solve the following inequalities;

(a) x 2  2  2
(b) 6t  15  6
ANS; It seems you still haven't provided the inequalities.
Please paste or type the inequalities, and I'll solve them step-by-step.
If you need help formatting or typing mathematical expressions, I can guide you through it.
Some examples of inequality formats:

 2x + 3 > 5
 x^2 - 4x - 3 ≤ 0
 |x - 2| < 3
 (x + 1)/(x - 2) ≥ 0

Let me know when you're ready to share the inequalities.

Q. 5 Find the equation of aline that has the indicated properties and sketch the line passing
through (–5, 4) and perpendicular to the line 2y = x + 1.

ANS; It seems you still haven't provided the inequalities.

Please paste or type the inequalities, and I'll solve them step-by-step.
If you need help formatting or typing mathematical expressions, I can guide you through it.
Some examples of inequality formats:

 2x + 3 > 5
 x^2 - 4x - 3 ≤ 0
 |x - 2| < 3
 (x + 1)/(x - 2) ≥ 0

Let me know when you're ready to share the inequalities.

Find the equation of aline that has the indicated properties and sketch the line passing through (–
5, 4) and perpendicular to the line 2y = x + 1.
To find the equation of the line:

1. Find the slope of the given line.

2. Find the slope of the perpendicular line.
3. Use the point-slope form to write the equation.

Step 1: Find the slope of the given line.

Given line: 2y = x + 1
Rewrite in slope-intercept form (y = mx + b):
y = (1/2)x + 1/2
Slope (m) = 1/2
Step 2: Find the slope of the perpendicular line.
Slope of perpendicular line = -1/m = -1/(1/2) = -2
Step 3: Use the point-slope form.
Point-slope form: y - y1 = m(x - x1)
Given point: (x1, y1) = (-5, 4)
y - 4 = -2(x + 5)
y - 4 = -2x - 10
y = -2x - 6
 This is the equation of the line.
Sketching the line:
Plot the point (-5, 4).
Draw a line with slope -2 passing through this point.
To verify:

 The line has a slope of -2.

 The line passes through (-5, 4).
 The line is perpendicular to 2y = x + 1 (or y = (1/2)x + 1/2).