Java SE Subscription Enterprise

Performance Pack
User's Guide

F55926-05
Java SE Subscription Enterprise Performance Pack User's Guide,

F55926-05

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Contents
Preface
Audience iv
Documentation Accessibility iv
Diversity and Inclusion iv
Related Resources iv
Conventions v

1 Overview of Java SE Subscription Enterprise Performance Pack

Features and Enhancements of Enterprise Performance Pack 1-1
Installing Enterprise Performance Pack 1-2
Enterprise Performance Pack Version Strings 1-2
Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack 1-3
Choosing a Garbage Collector 1-3
Running Tools and Using Libraries on Enterprise Performance Pack 1-4
Other Enterprise Performance Pack Differences 1-6

2 Changes to JVM Runtime Options

Options Added to Enterprise Performance Pack 2-1
Options Removed from Enterprise Performance Pack 2-2

3 Printing JVM Information

iii
 Preface

Preface
Java SE Subscription Enterprise Performance Pack is a runtime that delivers the
performance of the JDK 17 Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to a Java SE 8 runtime.

Audience
This document is intended for users who want or need to continue using Java SE 8,
are running Java SE 8 workloads at scale, and have an Oracle Java SE Subscription
or are running on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure.

Documentation Accessibility
For information about Oracle's commitment to accessibility, visit the Oracle
Accessibility Program website at http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?
ctx=acc&id=docacc.

Access to Oracle Support

Oracle customers that have purchased support have access to electronic support
through My Oracle Support. For information, visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/
lookup?ctx=acc&id=info or visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs
if you are hearing impaired.

Diversity and Inclusion

Oracle is fully committed to diversity and inclusion. Oracle respects and values having
a diverse workforce that increases thought leadership and innovation. As part of our
initiative to build a more inclusive culture that positively impacts our employees,
customers, and partners, we are working to remove insensitive terms from our
products and documentation. We are also mindful of the necessity to maintain
compatibility with our customers' existing technologies and the need to ensure
continuity of service as Oracle's offerings and industry standards evolve. Because of
these technical constraints, our effort to remove insensitive terms is ongoing and will
take time and external cooperation.

Related Resources
For more information, see these Oracle resources:
• Available Collectors in Java Platform, Standard Edition HotSpot Virtual Machine
Garbage Collection Tuning Guide, Release 17
• The java command (JDK 17) and the java command (JDK 8)

iv
 Preface

• Oracle JDK 8 and JRE 8 Certified System Configurations

Conventions
The following text conventions are used in this document:

Convention Meaning
boldface Boldface type indicates graphical user interface elements associated with an
action, or terms defined in text or the glossary.
italic Italic type indicates book titles, emphasis, or placeholder variables for which
you supply particular values.
monospace Monospace type indicates commands within a paragraph, URLs, code in
examples, text that appears on the screen, or text that you enter.

v
1
Overview of Java SE Subscription Enterprise
Performance Pack
Java SE Subscription Enterprise Performance Pack is a runtime that delivers the
performance of the JDK 17 Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to a Java SE 8 runtime. For most
situations, you can run Java SE 8 applications unchanged on Enterprise Performance Pack.
Enterprise Performance Pack improves performance and reduces the memory footprint for
Java SE 8 workloads. It's ideal if you want or need to use Java SE 8, and you're running Java
SE 8 workloads at scale. It makes better use of your processors and memory.
Enterprise Performance Pack is for server-side, headless systems (systems that operate
without a graphical user interface or peripheral devices like a keyboard or a mouse) running
64-bit Linux (Intel or ARM); see Oracle JDK 8 and JRE 8 Certified System Configurations for
more information. It's available as part of Oracle Java SE Subscription and Oracle Cloud
Infrastructure.

Note:
Enterprise Performance Pack is a runtime. It doesn't include JavaDoc API
documentation. If you want to develop Java SE 8 applications, use Oracle Java SE
Development Kit 8.

Topics
• Features and Enhancements of Enterprise Performance Pack
• Installing Enterprise Performance Pack
• Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack

Features and Enhancements of Enterprise Performance Pack

Enterprise Performance Pack includes the following new features:
• Z Garbage Collector: Is a scalable, low latency garbage collector.
• Compact Strings: Is a space-efficient internal representation of strings, which reduces
memory footprint and garbage collection activity; it's enabled by default.
• Unified JVM Logging: Replaces JDK 8 options that print details about the JVM with -Xlog
options. See Printing JVM Information.
Enterprise Performance Pack includes the following enhancements:
• Garbage-First (G1) Garbage Collector: Is the default garbage collector for Enterprise
Performance Pack. It's targeted for multiprocessor machines scaling to a large amount of
memory

1-1
 Chapter 1
Installing Enterprise Performance Pack

• G1 String Deduplication: Reduces the memory footprint of String objects on the

Java heap by taking advantage of the fact that many String objects are identical.
It's disabled by default. Enable it with the -XX:+UseStringDeduplication option.
See the java command in the JDK 17 documentation.
• Class Data Sharing (CDS): Helps reduce the startup time and memory footprint
between multiple JVMs. In Enterprise Performance Pack, it's enabled by default.
To disable it, see Manually Controlling Class Data Sharing.
• Flight Recorder: Is a tool for collecting diagnostic and profiling data for a running
Java application.
See Running Tools and Using Libraries on Enterprise Performance Pack for a list of
tools and libraries that behave differently or are not supported on Enterprise
Performance Pack. See Other Enterprise Performance Pack Differences for additional
information.

Installing Enterprise Performance Pack

To install Enterprise Performance Pack, download and then unzip the .tar.gz
Enterprise Performance Pack bundle.

Note:
Enterprise Performance Pack is available as part of Oracle Java SE
Subscription Java SE subscription and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. It's
available to customers for download through My Oracle Support (MOS) and
on oracle.com/javadownloads.

The format of the Enterprise Performance Pack bundle name is jdk-8u$UPDATE-

perf-linux-x64.tar.gz, where $UPDATE is the update version number. This
number corresponds to the JDK 8 update version on which Enterprise Performance
Pack is based.

Enterprise Performance Pack Version Strings

The Enterprise Performance Pack version strings contain the string perf. The
command java -version prints these Enterprise Performance Pack version strings:

• The version of the Java SE 8 runtime on which it's based

• The version of the JDK 17 Java Virtual Machine on which it's based
The command java -version prints output similar to the following:

$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_345"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_345-perf-4711-b06)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.4+1-perf-4711, mixed
mode)

1-2
 Chapter 1
Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack

Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack

In most cases, you'll notice improved performance when you run your applications with
Enterprise Performance Pack out-of-the-box. However, for optimal performance, configure
Enterprise Performance Pack to use a suitable garbage collector. In addition, be aware that
some tools and libraries behave differently compared to Java SE 8.

Note:
If you need additional help in using Enterprise Performance Pack such as
assistance for a unique or exceptional use case or situation, contact My Oracle
Support.

Topics
• Choosing a Garbage Collector
• Running Tools and Using Libraries on Enterprise Performance Pack
• Other Enterprise Performance Pack Differences

Choosing a Garbage Collector

When first running a Java SE 8 application with Enterprise Performance Pack, try using the
default garbage collector, Garbage-First (G1), with its default settings. In most cases, you
should expect considerably better performance, even if you have fine-tuned your application
with a JDK 8 garbage collector. Afterward, configure G1 as described in the JDK 17
documentation. Alternatively, consult the following table, which suggests a garbage collector
to use depending on which one you're using in JDK 8.

Table 1-1 Suggested Garbage Collectors

Current JDK 8 Collector Suggested Collector for Enterprise

Performance Pack
Parallel Collector Continue using the Parallel Collector by explicitly
specify the -XX:+UseParallelGC option.
Continue using the tuning options that you were
using in JDK 8.
G1 The Garbage-First (G1) Garbage Collector is the
default collector for Enterprise Performance Pack.
Continue using it. You don't have to explicitly
specify the –XX:+UseG1GC option.
Concurrent Mark Sweep (CMS) collector CMS is not available in Enterprise Performance
Pack. Use G1 with its default settings instead.
Afterward, follow the tuning suggestions in Moving
to G1 from Other Collectors. If you're unable to
meet your application's latency or responsiveness
requirements, then consider using Z Garbage
Collector (ZGC).
You're looking for a scalable low-latency collector Use the Z Garbage Collector (ZGC). Enable it with
the -XX:+UseZGC option.

1-3
 Chapter 1
Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack

See Selecting a Collector in Java Platform, Standard Edition HotSpot Virtual Machine
Garbage Collection Tuning Guide, Release 17 for additional advice about selecting a
garbage collector.

Note:
If you have any issues tuning your garbage collector for Enterprise
Performance Pack, contact My Oracle Support.

Running Tools and Using Libraries on Enterprise Performance Pack

Some tools and libraries behave differently on or have been removed from Enterprise
Performance Pack. (Other tools and libraries that have been included in Enterprise
Performance Pack should behave the same way as on JDK 8.)
The following JDK 8 tools behave differently on Enterprise Performance Pack

Table 1-2 Tools That Behave Differently on Enterprise Performance Pack

JDK 8 Tool Behavior of Tool on Enterprise

Performance Pack
java Enterprise Performance Pack includes several
runtime options from JDK 17. However, some
options from JDK 8 are not available in
Enterprise Performance Pack. See Changes to
JVM Runtime Options.
Enterprise Performance Pack uses Unified
JVM Logging, which replaces options that print
details about the JVM with -Xlog
configurations. See Printing JVM Information.
JDK Mission Control (JMC) You can use JMC for a variety of purposes,
such as real-time JMX monitoring. Note that
recordings cannot be started from within JMC,
however, files that you create from the shell
can be opened.
jcmd Run jcmd <pid> help for the list of available
commands.
jdb Running jdb with the following Serviceability
Agent connectors is not supported:
• SAPIDAttachingConnector
• SACoreAttachingConnector
• SADebugServerAttachingConnector
jsadebugd The jsadebugd tool is not supported.
Serviceability Agent scripting The Serviceability Agent no longer provides
JavaScript support.

1-4
 Chapter 1
Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack

Note:

• Because Enterprise Performance Pack supports only headless systems, the

following tools have been removed from Enterprise Performance Pack:
appletviewer, javapackager, javaws, jconsole, and jvisualvm.
• Enterprise Performance Pack does not include man pages.

The following JDK 8 libraries behave differently or are not supported on Enterprise
Performance Pack:

Table 1-3 Libraries That Behave Differently or Are Not Supported on Enterprise
Performance Pack

JDK 8 Library Behavior of Library on Enterprise Performance

Pack
Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) Enterprise Performance Pack always uses the
AWT's headless implementation.

Note:
AWT contains two
methods that
indicate whether the
environment is
headless:
GraphicsEnviro
nment.isHeadle
ss() and
GraphicsEnviro
nment.isHeadle
ssInstance().
Some AWT methods
throw a
HeadlessExcept
ion if the
environment is
headless.

GUI libraries such as JavaFX and Swing Because Enterprise Performance Pack is for
headless systems, GUI libraries aren't supported.

Note:
If you need additional help in running tools and using libraries on Enterprise
Performance Pack, contact My Oracle Support.

1-5
 Chapter 1
Configuring and Using Enterprise Performance Pack

Other Enterprise Performance Pack Differences

You may experience the following differences when using Enterprise Performance
Pack:

Exception Messages
Exception messages that Enterprise Performance Pack prints may be different than
those of JDK 8.

Version Strings
The format of Enterprise Performance Pack version strings is different; see Enterprise
Performance Pack Version Strings.

Commercial Features
Enterprise Performance Pack doesn't support the following Java SE 8 commercial
features:
• Resource Management
• Cooperative Memory Management

Note:
Although Application Class Data Sharing (AppCDS) is a commercial feature
in JDK 8, in Enterprise Performance Pack, AppCDS is available as a regular
feature.

Consequently, when you specify one of the following command-line options, Enterprise
Performance Pack prints a warning message that it's ignored:
• MemoryRestriction
• ResourceManagement
• ResourceManagementSampleInterval

Application Class Data Sharing (AppCDS)

You don't need to specify the -XX:+UseAppCDS command-line option to use AppCDS.

You cannot archive classes from the module path; the module system is not part of
JDK 8. In addition, you cannot create a dynamic CDS archive file.

1-6
2
Changes to JVM Runtime Options
Enterprise Performance Pack includes several runtime options from JDK 17. However, some
options from JDK 8 are not available in Enterprise Performance Pack.

Note:
The JDK 8 option -XX:-UseBiasedLocking is ignored in Enterprise Performance
Pack.

Topics
• Options Added to Enterprise Performance Pack
• Options Removed from Enterprise Performance Pack

Options Added to Enterprise Performance Pack

The following runtime options are available in Enterprise Performance Pack but are not
available in Java SE 8. See the java command in the JDK 17 documentation for more
information about these options:

AllocateHeapAt
AsyncLogBufferSize
C1MaxInlineSize
C1MaxTrivialSize
CompactStrings
CompileThresholdScaling
G1UseAdaptiveIHOP
LoopStripMiningIter
LoopStripMiningIterShortLoop
MinHeapSize
NonNMethodCodeHeapSize
NonProfiledCodeHeapSize
PrintFlagsRanges
ProfiledCodeHeapSize
SegmentedCodeCache
SharedArchiveConfigFile
SharedArchiveFile
ShrinkHeapInSteps
StartAggressiveSweepingAt
UseBASE64Intrinsics
UseCMoveUnconditionally
UseDynamicNumberOfCompilerThreads
UseFMA
UseZGC
ZAllocationSpikeTolerance

2-1
 Chapter 2
Options Removed from Enterprise Performance Pack

ZCollectionInterval
ZFragmentationLimit
ZProactive
ZUncommit
ZUncommitDelay

Options Removed from Enterprise Performance Pack

Note:
The following runtime options are not available in Enterprise Performance
Pack but are available in Java SE 8. See the java command in the JDK 8
documentation for more information about these options:

AggressiveOpts
CMSClassUnloadingEnabled
CMSExpAvgFactor
CMSIncrementalDutyCycle
CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin
CMSIncrementalMode
CMSIncrementalOffset
CMSIncrementalPacing
CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor
CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction
CMSScavengeBeforeRemark
CMSTriggerRatio
CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace
PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy
PrintGCApplicationConcurrentTime
PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime
PrintGCDateStamps
PrintGCTaskTimeStamps
PrintGCTimeStamps
PrintStringDeduplicationStatistics
PrintTenuringDistribution
UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly
UseConcMarkSweepGC
UseParNewGC
UseParallelOldGC

2-2
3
Printing JVM Information
Enterprise Performance Pack uses Unified JVM Logging, which replaces JDK 8 options that
print details about the JVM with -Xlog options.

See JEP 158: Unified JVM Logging for more information.

The following lists JDK 8 options that are automatically mapped to their equivalent -Xlog
configuration on Enterprise Performance Pack:

Table 3-1 JDK 8 Options Mapped to Equivalent -Xlog Configuration

JDK 8 Option -Xlog Configuration

-XX:+PrintGC -Xlog:gc
-XX:+PrintGCDetails -Xlog:gc*
-XX:+PrintHeapAtGC -Xlog:gc+heap=debug
-Xloggc:<filename> -Xlog:gc:<filename>

The following table lists JDK 8 options and the -Xlog configurations that replace them on
Enterprise Performance Pack:

Table 3-2 JDK 8 Options Replaced by Equivalent -Xlog Configuration

JDK 8 Option -Xlog Configuration

G1PrintHeapRegions -Xlog:gc+region=trace
G1PrintRegionLivenessInfo -Xlog:gc+liveness=trace
G1SummarizeConcMark -Xlog:gc+marking=trace
G1SummarizeRSetStats -Xlog:gc+remset+exit=trace
GCLogFileSize, NumberOfGCLogFiles, -
UseGCLogFileRotation Xlog:gc*:file=<filename>::filecount=<co
unt>,filesize=<filesize in kb>
PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy -Xlog:gc+ergo*=trace
PrintClassHistogramAfterFullGC -Xlog:gc+classhisto=trace
PrintClassHistogramBeforeFullGC -Xlog:gc+classhisto=trace
PrintGCApplicationConcurrentTime -Xlog:safepoint
PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime -Xlog:safepoint
PrintGCCause Always printed
PrintGCDateStamps -Xlog:gc*:file=<filename>:time,uptime
PrintGCID Always printed
PrintGCTaskTimeStamps -Xlog:gc+task+time=debug
PrintGCTimeStamps The uptime decorator is enabled by default.
Alternatively, you can enable it explicitly:
-Xlog:gc*:file=<filename>:time,uptime

3-1
 Chapter 3

Table 3-2 (Cont.) JDK 8 Options Replaced by Equivalent -Xlog Configuration

JDK 8 Option -Xlog Configuration

PrintHeapAtGCExtended -Xlog:gc+heap=trace
PrintJNIGCStalls -Xlog:gc+jni=debug
PrintOldPLAB -Xlog:gc+plab=trace
PrintParallelOldGCPhaseTimes -Xlog:gc+phases=trace
PrintPLAB -Xlog:gc+plab=trace
PrintPromotionFailure -Xlog:gc+promotion=debug
PrintReferenceGC -Xlog:gc+ref=debug
PrintStringDeduplicationStatistics -Xlog:gc+stringdedup
PrintTenuringDistribution -Xlog:gc+age=trace
PrintTLAB -Xlog:gc+tlab=trace
TraceAdaptiveGCBoundary No equivalent exists. The functionality of the
related option UseAdaptiveGCBoundary has
been removed.
TraceDynamicGCThreads -Xlog:gc+task=trace
TraceMetadataHumongousAllocation No equivalent exists, but this configuration prints
detailed metaspace information:
-Xlog:gc+metaspace=trace
G1TraceConcRefinement -Xlog:gc+refine=debug
G1TraceEagerReclaimHumongousObjects -Xlog:gc+humongous=debug
(experimental)
G1TraceStringSymbolTableScrubbing No equivalent exists, but this configuration prints
detailed string and symbol table information:
-
Xlog:symboltable*=trace,stringtable*=tr
ace

Note:
Other flags that print information not related to the garbage collector have
been mapped to or replaced by an equivalent -Xlog configuration. See
Enable Logging with the JVM Unified Logging Framework in the JDK 17
documentation for the java tool for more information.

3-2